CN106224968B - Stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU and turbulence burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU and turbulence burner, the inner chamber of turbulence burner includes the taper slag notch set gradually from top to bottom, burning gallery, V bores passage and the lower ring smoke passage set gradually from top to bottom around V cone passages, annular vent flue, upper ring smoke passage, the tangentially-arranged turbulence burner entrance of lower end edge of burning gallery side wall, the breathing area of the lower ring smoke passage tapers into from top to bottom, the breathing area of upper ring smoke passage tapers into from top to bottom, tangential outlet flue is set to be connected with annular vent flue in the side wall of turbulence burner.Using this turbulence burner, there is very high efficiency of dust collection and efficiency of combustion, higher heat recovery efficiency, controlled burning and controllable collection can be realized, reduce thermal losses, and pollutant emission can be efficiently reduced.

Description

Stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU and turbulence burner

Technical field

The invention belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification to burn Burning system and turbulence burner.

Background technology

Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly has burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc..It is conventional in garbage disposal In technology, burning disposal has that reduced training is obvious, it is innoxious thoroughly, occupation of land amount is small, and waste heat energy is utilized, and secondary pollution is few The advantages that, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But with the continuous improvement to environmental requirement both at home and abroad, how to strengthen Control to secondary pollution is particularly important.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is gradually shifted onto the road of industrial applications On, especially for domestic rubbish primarily now using all kinds of incineration technologies, gasification burning technology widely industrialize by The technological innovation of domestic garbage disposal industry is brought to regenerate.

For many years, scientific research of the China to the gasification burning technology such as biomass, rubbish, be in progress a lot of, the base in laboratory Plinth research is a lot, also has application study, such as：Rotary kiln type, vertical and fluidized bed type destructive gasifying or temperature gasification and high melting skill Art etc..But Technique Popularizing is applied upper or a definite limitation be present, raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economy Benefit etc. is principal element.

In existing burning process and equipment, fire grate type incinerator is various informative, and its application accounts for whole world waste incineration More than the 80% of the total market size, mechanical backstepping fire grate, forwards fire grate or combined fire grate are used in body of heater wherein having, is also adopted With fire grates such as chain-plate type and drum-types.

In summary, typical incinerator, respectively there is its own advantage, but need what is solved in China's practical application Problem and shortage：

1. for characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated components, the technology of moving hearth uses, to rubbish Conveying capacity needs emphasis to consider.

2. with being on the increase for refuse production, sanitary fill such as mountain, garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved, It can just meet the market requirement.

3. in face of strict pollutant emission requirement, secondary pollution control is the key problem for technically needing to solve.

4. in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.It is existing Rubbish heat treatment technics generally use boiler produce steam shift steam turbine power generation onto, whole transition heat efficiency losses are larger, place Identical quantity of refuse is managed, relative thermal losses and the raising heat exchanger effectiveness can of reducing improves the thermal efficiency.

5. conventional garbage is burned in mode and boiler applications, high-temperature dust removal is less or does not have, and some efficiency is also not high enough, high Effect dedusting and burning are had both less, the easy dust stratification of boiler, decline thermal conversion efficiency, so as to which lower power production, maintenance period are short Deng.

For example following two patents of invention of existing incinerator：Multiple row sectional drive combined type domestic garbage incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) an open question and in two-stage garbage incinerator (ZL201010268376.2)：At rubbish heat Manage model comparision to fall behind, simply dry-burn-burn, solid combustion discharges the process of heat；Thermal chemical reaction is to aoxidize in stove Based on reaction, reduction reaction auxiliary, secondary pollution is also easy to produce；When rubbish burns in stove, oxygen quotient excessively is big, First air, two Secondary wind infeed amount is big, and dust content is higher in flue gas, and heat reclaiming system and smoke processing system are had a great influence, easily product Ash, exhaust gas volumn is larger, reduces thermal conversion efficiency；The gasification furnace and incinerator not being separately provided, can only handle rubbish by several times, Large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal can not be realized, garbage treatment quantity is smaller.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of turbulence burner, turbulence burner With higher efficiency of dust collection and efficiency of combustion, controlled burning and controllable dedusting can be realized, thermal losses can be reduced, heat Organic efficiency is higher, and can efficiently reduce pollutant emission.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this：

A kind of turbulence burner, combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, the rapids are set on the top plate of the turbulence burner The inner chamber of dynamic burner includes taper slag notch, burning gallery, V the cone passage set gradually from top to bottom and bored around V Lower ring smoke passage that passage is set gradually from top to bottom, annular vent flue, upper ring smoke passage, the taper are slagged tap Up big and down small, the tangentially-arranged turbulence burner entrance of lower end edge of the burning gallery side wall of mouth, the side of the burning gallery Some combustion air air feed mouths are set on wall, and each combustion air air feed mouth is respectively positioned on the top of turbulence burner entrance, described Separated between lower ring smoke passage, annular vent flue, upper ring smoke passage and V cone passages by annular air guide pier, institute State V cone passage it is up big and down small, the breathing area of the lower ring smoke passage tapers into from top to bottom, the upper ring smoke The breathing area of passage tapers into from top to bottom, the both ends of the annular vent flue respectively with lower ring smoke passage, on Ring smoke passage connects, and sets tangential outlet flue to be connected with annular vent flue in the side wall of turbulence burner.

Preferably, the top of the lower ring smoke passage it is circumferentially arranged have it is some it is up-narrow and down-wide divide gas pier, it is adjacent It is up-narrow and down-wide divide between gas pier formed under narrow wide flue gas ring road；The bottom of the upper ring smoke passage is circumferentially arranged Have it is some it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide gas pier, it is adjacent it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide between gas pier form up-narrow and down-wide flue gas ring road.

Preferably, the turbulence burner entrance is connected to feed the high-temperature flue of high-temperature flue gas, the high temperature cigarette Smoke movement parameter acquisition unit is set on road, and the turbulence burner entrance sets variable synthesis gas approach, the cigarette Fate, which moves parameter acquisition unit, includes sensing reception and signal processing unit, cooling unit, heat-insulated pedestal and sensing element, described Heat-insulated pedestal is fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue, the sensing element along perpendicular to the direction of high-temperature flue axis be fixed on every On hot radical seat, the measurement end of sensing element is stretched into high-temperature flue, and the sensing receives and signal processing unit is fixed on sensing Element is located at one end outside high-temperature flue, and sensing reception and signal processing unit measure the cigarette in high-temperature flue by sensing element Throughput, flow velocity, the cooling unit are enclosed in sensing element and are located between heat-insulated pedestal, sensing reception and signal processing unit One section on, it is described it is variable synthesis gas approach include executing agency, fire resisting bore adjustment seat, the fire resisting bore adjustment seat One end stretches into turbulence burner and enters intraoral, other end connection executing agency, in addition to the first flue gas composition detection means and control Unit processed, the first flue gas composition detection means, which is arranged on high-temperature flue, to be used to detect the flue gas composition in high-temperature flue, Described control unit is received respectively with the first flue gas composition detection means, sensing and signal processing unit, executing agency electrically connect, Control unit processing smoke movement parameter, synthesis flue gas composition parameter, and pass through actuating mechanism controls fire resisting bore adjustment seat It is flexible, and then control the pore size of variable synthesis gas approach.

Preferably, it is close also to include fireproof flue, heat-insulating and sealing, compression thermal insulation layer, high temperature for the variable synthesis gas approach Envelope, the cross section of the fireproof flue is U-shaped, and the opening of fireproof flue is sealed by compressing thermal insulation layer, and the fire resisting bore is adjusted Section seat is stretched into fireproof flue through thermal insulation layer is compressed, and the width that the fire resisting bore adjustment seat is located at one end in fireproof flue is big It is located at the width of one end outside fireproof flue in fire resisting bore adjustment seat, is set between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and fireproof flue side wall Elevated-temperature seal, heat-insulating and sealing is set between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and compression thermal insulation layer.

A kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator, the incinerator include grate, And feed hopper, gasification furnace and the incinerator set gradually on grate along feedstock direction, the rear of gasification furnace is gasification furnace Slag mouth, incinerator are located at the front lower place of gasification furnace slag mouth, and the rear of incinerator is the slag notch of incinerator, on the grate Provided with garbage pusher device, the garbage pusher device is located at the lower section of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper to be pushed into gasification furnace Interior, the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and incinerator moving hearth are respectively arranged below with least one be independently arranged once Air compartment, windrow seal section is provided between the feed hopper, gasification furnace, is stayed on the grate part between the gasification furnace and incinerator There is transition slag section, the transition slag section is provided with residue pusher, for the rubbish residue push-in that will be fallen in gasification furnace In incinerator；

The gasification furnace, incinerator include furnace shell, moving hearth respectively, and the forward and backward side of the gasification furnace passes through heap respectively Expect seal section, the sealing of transition slag section, the transition slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator, make gasification furnace, incinerator mutually only It is vertical；

The gasification furnace, incinerator set secondary air feed respectively respectively in arching upward shape on the face arch of the gasification furnace, rear arch Mouthful, the vault of the gasification furnace sets the first exhanst gas outlet, and the vault of the incinerator sets the second exhanst gas outlet, the gasification Igniting combustion supporting hole is respectively equipped with stove, incinerator；

Also include turbulence burner, the turbulence burner entrance connects with the first exhanst gas outlet；

Also include circulation air feed system, the circulation air feed system includes dust arrester, the first blower fan, the second blower fan, institute The inlet end for stating dust arrester is connected by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet, and the outlet side of the dust arrester passes through pipeline and The inlet end connection of one blower fan, the outlet side of first blower fan connect the house steward of the first manifold, the branch pipe of first manifold Connected respectively with the secondary air feed mouth on each air compartment and gasification trimmer arch, rear arch of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth, First regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of first manifold, and the air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan are described The gas outlet of second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the branch pipe of second manifold respectively with below incinerator moving hearth The inlet end of each an air compartment and dust arrester, outlet side connection, the is set on each branch pipe of second manifold respectively Two regulating valves, in addition to the 3rd manifold, the house steward of the 3rd manifold connect with the gas outlet of the second blower fan, the 3rd manifold Each branch pipe connected respectively with each combustion air air feed mouth, the 3rd regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of the 3rd manifold.

Preferably, first manifold also has a branch pipe being connected with turbulence burner entrance, is set on the branch pipe There is corresponding regulating valve, the remainder flue gas not utilized that the first blower fan extracts is injected into by turbulence burner entrance Enter turbulence burner, and pass through corresponding regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity.

Preferably, the branch pipe that first manifold is connected with turbulence burner entrance be provided with flue gas amount detecting device, Second flue gas composition detection means, the flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection means and the 3rd regulating valve point Do not electrically connected with control unit, described control unit handles the synthesis flue gas composition parameter of the second flue gas composition detection means collection And the synthesis flue gas flow parameter of flue gas amount detecting device collection, and pass through the 3rd governor valve control combustion air wind supply quantity.

In order to effectively carry out dedusting to the high-temperature flue gas of incinerator discharge, it is preferable that the dust arrester is whirlwind point From device or hot precipitator；First blower fan is high-temperature blower, and beneficial to working in high temperature environments, second blower fan is Air blower.

In order to prevent that wind is altered between gasification furnace, incinerator, it is preferable that be provided with the transition slag section it is to be opened/closed every From door, the isolating door is used to separate gasification furnace, incinerator.

In order to preferably adapt to the installing space in factory, it is preferable that the face arch of the gasification furnace is flat construction, or Person, the face arch of gasification furnace are inclined upwardly structure for rear end.

By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantages that：

After the turbulence burner synthesis flue gas tangentially enters, mix with the oxygen supply of combustion air and fire in the combustion channel Burn, V cone passages are advanced into flue gas rotation, are shunted through annular air guide pier, flying dust sedimentation falls into slag notch, and high-temperature flue gas bypasses ring Shape air guide pier enters ring smoke passage up and down, then is discharged through flue gas ring road into annular vent flue.Flue gas is up, and flying dust is certainly Resedimentation, and it is small big under V cone passages, volume increase, pressure reduces, and flow velocity reduces, and is acted on plus cyclone centrifugal power, further Promote flying dust sedimentation；Lower ring smoke passage flue gas size is gradually reduced, and flue gas is up, and flying dust is trapezoidal from resedimentation, entrance Flue gas ring road, reduces the sucking-off of flying dust, and dedusting is more favourable；Upper ring smoke passage flue gas size is gradually reduced, and is detoured, flue gas Speed reduces, and into trapezoidal flue gas ring road, reduces the sucking-off of flying dust, dedusting is more favourable；Due to the taper knot of ring smoke passage Structure, smaller closer to discharge area, trapezoidal flue gas ring road makes ring smoke passage high temperature flue gas flow rate uniform.Vertical section is revolved Wind separation dedusting, V cones passage, upper and lower ring smoke passage, ring road set combination and flying dust deadweight to improve efficiency of dust collection, dedusting During synthesize flue gas and obtain being sufficiently mixed burning, raising efficiency of combustion.

Control unit processing smoke movement parameter (speed, flow, fluid force etc.), synthesis flue gas composition and high-temperature blower go out Mouth arrives the flue gas composition and flow of turbulence burner, control executing agency regulation gas approach aperture, while controls combustion-supporting sky Tolerance, realize the tune of the fluctuations such as unstability is brought in waste component and heat treatment process synthesis exhaust gas volumn and component Section, so as to control smoke inlet initial velocity and combustion-supporting oxygen-supplying amount, to reach the purpose of high-effective dust-removing and burning.Control unit control Make variable synthesis gas approach executing agency：Purely mechanic transmission, mechanical parameter enlarger, then executing agency is driven, perform effect Rate is higher.

Air blower blasts air and provides First air for incinerator and provide temperature adjustment air feed for cyclone separator, high-temperature blower, By the second regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity on corresponding pipeline, incinerator residue is set fully to burn；Then, high-temperature blower extracts combustion The flue gas of cinder stove, after temperature adjustment and cyclone collection flying dust, form the flue gas supply gasification furnace of certain pressure once Wind and Secondary Air, by the first regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity on corresponding pipeline, rubbish in gasification furnace is produced gasification, contain one The flue gas of quantitative synthesis gas, is discharged from the first exhanst gas outlet, and into turbulence burner processing links, turbulence burner provides High-temperature flue gas.Present inventive concept is novel, and garbage treatment quantity is big, and the rubbish bed of material undergoes dry, gasification and residue on stoker fired grate Burn the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated component, improve the energy in garbage processing procedure Pollutant discharge amount in transformation efficiency and reduction flue gas, effectively prevents secondary pollution, and can realize that large-scale rubbish is continuous Gasification burning processing, ensure that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, it is relative to reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchange effect Rate, improve the thermal efficiency.

Gasification furnace, incinerator are provided separately, and the vault of gasification furnace sets the first exhanst gas outlet, and the vault of incinerator sets the Two exhanst gas outlets, flue gas is handled respectively beneficial to the difference according to flue gas quality, while be advantageous to flue gas ash removal, can provide more The flue gas of high-quality, make the utilization rate of flue gas higher, the waste residue of discharge is less.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of turbulence burner；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of smoke movement parameter acquisition unit；

Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 A-A schematic cross-sectional views；

Fig. 4 is Fig. 1 B-B schematic cross-sectional views；

Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 C-C schematic cross-sectional views；

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU.

Reference

1 is incinerator, and 101 be grate, and 102 be feed hopper, and 103 be gasification furnace, and 104 be incinerator, and 105 be stove Bed, 106 be garbage pusher device, and 107 be an air compartment, and 108 be windrow seal section, and 109 be transition slag section, and 110 push away for residue Glassware, 111 be isolating door, and 112 be the first exhanst gas outlet, and 113 be the second exhanst gas outlet, and 114 be igniting combustion supporting hole, and 115 be two Secondary air feed mouth, 116 be slag notch, and 117 be slag mouth；

2 be circulation air feed system, and 201 be dust arrester, and 202 be the first blower fan, and 203 be the second blower fan, and 204 be the first discrimination Pipe, 205 be the second manifold, and 206 be the 3rd manifold, and 207 be the first regulating valve, and 208 be the second regulating valve, and 209 be the 3rd regulation Valve；

3 be turbulence burner, and 301 be combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 be taper slag notch, and 303 be turbulence burning dress Posting port, 304 be tangential outlet flue, and 305 be combustion air air feed mouth, and 306 be burning gallery, and 307 be that V bores passage, and 308 be upper ring Shape exhaust gases passes, 309 be lower ring smoke passage, and 310 be annular vent flue, and 311 be annular air guide pier, and 312 is divide gas pier, 313 be flue gas ring road, and 314 be high-temperature flue, and 315 receive and signal processing unit for sensing, and 316 be cooling unit, 317 be every Hot radical seat, 318 be sensing element, and 319 be executing agency, and 320 be fire resisting bore adjustment seat, and 321 be that the first flue gas composition detects Device, 322 be control unit, and 323 be fireproof flue, and 324 be heat-insulating and sealing, and 325 is compress thermal insulation layer, and 326 be elevated-temperature seal, 327 be flue gas amount detecting device, and 328 be the second flue gas composition detection means.

Embodiment

It is a kind of preferred embodiment of turbulence burner referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5,

A kind of turbulence burner, combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole 301 is set on the top plate of the turbulence burner, it is described The inner chamber of turbulence burner includes taper slag notch 302, burning gallery 306, V the cone passage 307 set gradually from top to bottom And around V cone passage 307 set gradually from top to bottom lower ring smoke passage 309, annular vent flue 310, upper annular Exhaust gases passes 308, the taper slag notch 302 is up big and down small, the tangentially-arranged taper of lower end edge of the side wall of burning gallery 306 Slag notch 303, some combustion air air feed mouths 305, each combustion air air feed mouth are set in the side wall of the burning gallery 306 305 are respectively positioned on the top of taper slag notch 303, the lower ring smoke passage 309, annular vent flue 310, upper ring smoke Separated between passage 308 and V cone passages 307 by annular air guide pier 311, the V cones passage 307 is up big and down small, the lower ring The breathing area of shape exhaust gases passes 309 tapers into from top to bottom, the breathing area of the upper ring smoke passage 308 on to Under taper into, the top of the lower ring smoke passage 309 is circumferentially arranged to be had and some up-narrow and down-wide divides gas pier 312, phase It is adjacent it is up-narrow and down-wide divide between gas pier 312 formed under narrow wide flue gas ring road 313；Under the upper ring smoke passage 308 Portion is circumferentially arranged have it is some it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide gas pier 312, it is adjacent it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide between gas pier 312 formed it is up-narrow and down-wide Flue gas ring road 313.The both ends of the annular vent flue 310 respectively with lower ring smoke passage 309, upper ring smoke passage 308 connect, and set tangential outlet flue 304 to be connected with annular vent flue 310 in the side wall of turbulence burner.

The turbulence burner entrance 303 is connected to feed the high-temperature flue 314 of high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue Smoke movement parameter acquisition unit is set on 314, and the turbulence burner entrance 303 sets variable synthesis gas approach, institute Stating smoke movement parameter acquisition unit includes sensing reception and signal processing unit 315, cooling unit 316, the and of heat-insulated pedestal 317 Sensing element 318, the heat-insulated pedestal 317 are fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue 314, the sensing element 318 along perpendicular to The direction of the axis of high-temperature flue 314 is fixed on heat-insulated pedestal 317, and the measurement end of sensing element 318 stretches into high-temperature flue 314 Interior, the sensing receives and signal processing unit 315 is fixed on one end that sensing element 318 is located at outside high-temperature flue 314, senses Reception and signal processing unit 315 measure flue gas flow, flow velocity in high-temperature flue 314, the cooling by sensing element 318 Unit 316 is enclosed in one section that sensing element 318 is located between heat-insulated pedestal 317, sensing reception and signal processing unit 315 On, the heat-insulated pedestal 317, cooling unit 316 prevent the heat of high-temperature flue 314 from conducting to sensing reception and signal transacting list Member 315.The variable synthesis gas approach includes executing agency 319, fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320, and the executing agency 319 can Using cylinder, oil cylinder etc..One end of the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 is stretched into turbulence burner entrance 303, and the other end connects Connect executing agency 319, in addition to the first flue gas composition detection means 321 and control unit 322, the first flue gas composition detection Device 321, which is arranged on high-temperature flue 314, to be used to detect the flue gas composition in high-temperature flue 314, and described control unit 322 is distinguished Received with the first flue gas composition detection means 321, sensing and signal processing unit 315, executing agency 319 electrically connect, control is single Member 322 handles smoke movement parameter, synthesis flue gas composition parameter, and controls fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 by executing agency 319 It is flexible, and then control the pore size of variable synthesis gas approach.

In the present embodiment, it is heat-insulated that the variable synthesis gas approach also includes fireproof flue 323, heat-insulating and sealing 324, compression Layer 325, elevated-temperature seal 326, the fireproof flue 323, elevated-temperature seal 326 can use conventional exotic material to make, it is described every Heat seal 324, compression thermal insulation layer 325 can use conventional heat-barrier material to make.The cross section of the fireproof flue 323 is U-shaped, resistance to The opening of fiery flue 323 is sealed by compressing thermal insulation layer 325, and the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 is stretched through thermal insulation layer 325 is compressed Enter in fireproof flue 323, the width that the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 is located at one end in fireproof flue 323 is more than fire resisting bore Adjustment seat 320 is located at the width of 323 outer one end of fireproof flue, is set between fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 and the side wall of fireproof flue 323 Elevated-temperature seal 326 is put, heat-insulating and sealing 324 is set between fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 and compression thermal insulation layer 325.

Referring to Fig. 6, for a kind of preferred embodiment of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator 1, the incinerator 1 includes grate 101, and feed hopper 102, the gas set gradually on grate 101 along feedstock direction Change stove 103 and incinerator 104, the rear of incinerator 104 is the slag notch of incinerator 104, and gasification furnace 103 is mainly to rubbish Carbon-containing part is gasified, and discharges flammable gasification flue gas and rubbish residue, and incinerator 104 is substantially carried out at the burning of carbon residue Reason, and discharge innoxious lime-ash.The mechanical kiln that the siege 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 is independently driven using segmentation Row's formula moving hearth 105, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is by weight before and after moving grate plate and fixed grate plate It is folded, it is spaced collect form, adjacent multigroup moving grate plate is connected by pull bar, is driven using a set of drive device.Machine Tool grate-type 105 carrier as conveying garbage of moving hearth, embodiments thereof can be all types of moving hearths 105, such as chain Board-like, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc..

The grate 101 is provided with garbage pusher device 106, and the garbage pusher device 106 is located at the lower section of feed hopper 102, For the rubbish in feed hopper 102 to be pushed into gasification furnace 103, the lower section of the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 moving hearths 105 are respectively arranged below with an at least one air compartment 107 being independently arranged, in the present embodiment, with gasification furnace Fire grate, drive device corresponding to air compartment 107 of 103 first halfs, as the dryer section of the siege 105 of gasification furnace 103, with gasification The gasification section of fire grate, drive device as the siege 105 of gasification furnace 103 corresponding to a latter half of air compartment 107 of stove 103.Gasification The 1-2 independent air feeds of air compartment 107 can be respectively adopted in dryer section, the gasification section of the siege 105 of stove 103, can also distinguish Using the 3-4 independent air feeds of air compartment 107.Certainly, fire grate, drive device and an air compartment 107 can not be also correspondingly arranged, Preferably bed of material movement and air distribution relation on regulation moving hearth 105.Incinerator 104 can use 1-4 independent First airs The air feed of room 107, burn rear lime-ash and excluded from slag notch, into next step treatment process.

Windrow seal section 108 is provided between the feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103, the work of garbage pusher device 106 is entered to be located in place In in windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and fallen, and garbage pusher device 106 retreats, then promotes, reciprocal more Secondary pusher forms windrow in windrow seal section 108, the entrance of gasification furnace 103 is in windrow sealing state, and enhancing gasification furnace 103 is close Effect is sealed, solves garbage pusher device 106 and 102 easy leakage problem of feed hopper.When needing the complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish, The forward impelling half stroke again of garbage pusher device 106, rubbish is pushed completely into gasification furnace 103, loses the entrance of gasification furnace 103 Windrow sealing effectiveness.Transition slag section 109, institute are left on the part of grate 101 between the gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 State transition slag section 109 and be provided with residue pusher 110, the rubbish residue for will be fallen in gasification furnace 103 is pushed into incinerator In 104, transition slag section 109 can be at windrow sealing state when accumulating rubbish residue, strengthen the sealing effectiveness of gasification furnace 103, Solves the problems, such as string wind between gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.In the present embodiment, being provided with the transition slag section 109 can The isolating door 111 of opening and closing, the isolating door 111 are used to separate gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.At furnace lifting initial stage or need to control When altering wind between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator processed, isolating door 111 is closed, stacking a certain amount of residue when slag section forms windrow After sealing, isolating door 111 can be kept to open, coordinate to use with the residue pusher 110 that lower section is set, to realize that rubbish is continuous Gasification burning processing.

The upper end of the gasification furnace 103, the upper end of incinerator 104 are respectively in the shape that arches upward, the face arch of the gasification furnace 103 Flat construction, or, the face arch of gasification furnace 103 is inclined upwardly structure for rear end.The vault of the gasification furnace 103 sets the first cigarette Gas outlet 112, the vault of the incinerator 104 set the second exhanst gas outlet 113, and the upper end of gasification furnace 103 is arched upward, burnt Igniting combustion supporting hole 114 is respectively equipped with the arching upward of the upper end of stove 104.Flue gas gasify from the first exhanst gas outlet 112, the second exhanst gas outlet 113 exclude, in addition to turbulence burner 3, the turbulence burner entrance connect with the first exhanst gas outlet.Gasification furnace 103 Furnace cavity is relatively reduced compared with traditional waste incinerator；Forward and backward arch diminishes with the relative position of moving hearth 105, reduces The space that incinerator takes, is also easier to be incubated, reduces the amount of leakage of heat, be advantageous to rubbish and fully gasify.The gas Change the face arch of stove 103, secondary air feed mouth 115 is set respectively on rear arch.

Also include circulation air feed system 2, the circulation air feed system 2 includes dust arrester 201, the first blower fan 202, second Blower fan 203, the dust arrester 201 are cyclone separator or hot precipitator, in the present embodiment, the dust arrester 201 For cyclone separator.First blower fan 202 is high-temperature blower, and second blower fan 203 is air blower.The dust arrester 201 inlet end is connected by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet 113, and the outlet side of the dust arrester 201 passes through pipeline and The inlet end connection of one blower fan 202, the outlet side of first blower fan 202 connect the house steward of the first manifold 204, first discrimination The branch pipe of pipe 204 respectively each the air compartment 107 and the face arch of gasification furnace 103 with the lower section of the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, Secondary air feed mouth 115 on rear arch connects, and sets the first regulating valve 207 on each branch pipe of first manifold 204 respectively, gasification The First air of stove 103 is that the flue gas generation certain pressure of high-temperature blower extraction incinerator 104 blasts the shifting of the stoker fired grate formula of gasification furnace 103 Corresponding to the dynamic lower section of siege 105 in an air compartment 107, then by an air holes spray penetration rubbish on moving hearth 105, enter Promoting the circulation of qi, wind supply quantity is adjusted by the first regulating valve 207 on corresponding each branch pipe.The Secondary Air of gasification furnace 103 is that high-temperature blower is taken out Take the flue gas of incinerator 104 to produce certain pressure and blast the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, its spray-hole be arranged on the face arch of gasification furnace 103 and On rear arch.Secondary air feed mouth 115 is provided with forward and backward arch, improves gasification efficiency, strengthens polymer substance in flue gas and decomposes.Afterwards It is provided with igniting combustion supporting hole 114 on arch, temperature uses in furnace lifting, baker and stable gasification furnace 103, passes through the on corresponding each branch pipe One regulating valve 207 adjusts wind supply quantity.The air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan 203, the air that the second blower fan 203 blasts Can be cold wind or the hot blast after heating.The gas outlet of second blower fan 203 connects the house steward of the second manifold 205, institute State each air compartment 107 and dust arrester of the branch pipe of the second manifold 205 respectively with the lower section of 104 moving hearth of incinerator 105 201 inlet end, outlet side connection, the second regulating valve 208 is set respectively on each branch pipe of second manifold 205.Incinerator 104 First airs are that the air of certain pressure is blasted an air compartment corresponding to the lower section of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 by air blower In 107, then by an air holes spray penetration residue on moving hearth 105, residual burning is carried out, by corresponding each branch pipe The first regulating valve 207 regulation wind supply quantity.The inlet end of dust arrester 201, the air intake of outlet side are temperature adjustment air feed, temperature adjustment air feed To be air blower by the air of certain pressure, which blast incinerator 104, exports (i.e. cyclone inlet) and carries out temperature adjustment, meanwhile, whirlwind Separator outlet (i.e. high-temperature blower entrance) blasts further temperature adjustment, is adjusted by the first regulating valve 207 on corresponding each branch pipe Wind supply quantity.

Also include the 3rd manifold 206, the house steward of the 3rd manifold 206 connects with the gas outlet of the second blower fan 203, described Each branch pipe of 3rd manifold 206 connects with each combustion air air feed mouth 305 respectively, is set respectively on each branch pipe of the 3rd manifold 206 3rd regulating valve 209.Turbulence burner entrance 303 and combustion-supporting air feed mouth are arranged in the circumferential wall of turbulence burner 3, Can be that flue gas in turbulence burner 3 is longer with air mixture time, mixing is more uniformly distributed, and is more fully burnt.It is rapid Dynamic 3 combustion-supporting air feed of burner is that the air of certain pressure is blasted combustion-supporting air feed mouth and is injected into turbulence burner by air blower 3, combustion-supporting air feed approach axis can be radially or tangentially；Carry out syngas combustion.Meanwhile high-temperature blower extracts incinerator 104 Flue gas produce certain pressure to blast an air compartment 107 corresponding to the lower section of 103 stoker fired grate formula moving hearth of gasification furnace 105 gentle Change the secondary air chamber on 103 forward and backward arch of stove, first manifold 204 also has one and connected with turbulence burner smoke inlet The branch pipe connect, the branch pipe are provided with corresponding regulating valve.What high-temperature blower extracted has not utilized remainder flue gas, then passes through rapids The dynamic smoke inlet of burner 3 is injected into turbulence burner 3, carries out syngas combustion, passes through corresponding regulation valve regulation Wind supply quantity, this structure can reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, substantially increase the organic efficiency of heat, and can have Reduce pollutant discharge amount in effect ground.

Further, the branch pipe that first manifold is connected with turbulence burner entrance is provided with flue gas amount detecting device 327th, the second flue gas composition detection means 328, the flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection means and the 3rd adjust Section valve electrically connects with control unit respectively, and described control unit handles the synthesis flue gas group of the second flue gas composition detection means collection Divide parameter and the synthesis flue gas flow parameter of flue gas amount detecting device collection, and pass through the 3rd governor valve control combustion air air feed Amount.

The incinerator 104 is provided with slag mouth 117, and the slag notch 116 of the incinerator 104 is located at incinerator slag mouth 117 underface, the slag mouth 117 are connected by pipeline with the slag notch of dust arrester 201.This sealing structure effect is good, Reduction pollutant discharge amount can effectively be held.

A kind of waste disposal method of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, this method are carried out according to the following steps：

Step A, the gate of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and atmospheric vent is closed, starts mechanical grate-type rubbish Rubbish incinerator 1, garbage raw material is put into feed hopper 102, the pusher back and forth of garbage pusher device 106 will be from feed hopper 102 The garbage raw material fallen is pushed into the windrow seal section 108 between feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103, forms windrow seal section 108 Windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish fall into the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, and the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works, Rubbish is conveyed into transition slag section 109, the pusher back and forth of residue pusher 110, the rubbish in transition slag section 109 pushed away Enter in incinerator 104, the work conveying garbage of moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104, until rubbish is in gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 is accumulated to required thickness：0.6-0.8m, during baker, the rubbish accumulated can protect mobile stove Bed 105, prevents scaling loss siege 105.Stop feeding intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 stops Only work, then, with start-up burner by the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 respectively with gasification furnace 103 and the burner hearth of incinerator 104 communicate, in the presence of start-up burner, gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 are carried out furnace lifting, Baker, treat that this process stabilization is completed, gasification furnace 103 and the burner hearth of incinerator 104 is reached 600-700 DEG C of predetermined temperature；Baker Purpose be in order to remove the Natural Water and the crystallization water in lining, in order to avoid when going into operation due to furnace temperature rise it is too fast, moisture content is a large amount of Expansion causes body of heater spalling, bubbling or deformation even furnace wall to collapse, and influences the intensity and service life of heating furnace furnace wall.

Step B, regulation circulation air feed system 2, regulation gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2 are started Technological parameter (pusher speed, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, Negative pressure, thickness of feed layer etc. in stove), fed intake to feed hopper 102, the work conveying garbage of moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, rubbish Burning is proceeded by the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, rubbish residue is accumulated to form windrow sealing at transition slag section 109, made The stove chamber inner combustion state temperature of gasification furnace 103 is stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, the work output combustion of moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 Rubbish residue after cinder.

Step C, gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and each technological parameter (the pusher speed for circulating air feed system 2 are adjusted Degree, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, blast and air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure, thickness of feed layer in stove Deng), gasification furnace 103 gradually gasifies to rubbish, and gasification temperature is stable between 700-800 DEG C, makes gasification furnace 103 is stable to produce The high-temperature flue gas of the raw synthesis gas containing 10%-20%, it is equal that the vaporized state of gasification furnace 103 stably carries out low temperature, medium temperature or high-temperature gasification Can.The fired state temperature stabilization of incinerator 104 is set to realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal to more than 850 DEG C；It need to adjust simultaneously Each technological parameter of turbulence burner 3, make the tangential temperature stabilization of outlet flue 304 of turbulence burner 3 to more than 850 DEG C.

Step D, it need to overhaul or during blowing out, stop feeding intake, regulation gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2 technological parameter, gasification furnace 103 is gradually restored to fired state, after rubbish and rubbish residue are burnt, close stoker fired grate Formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and circulation air feed system 2.Each technological parameter of turbulence burner 3 need to be adjusted simultaneously, make gasification Stove 103 is gradually restored to fired state.

Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical Cross above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (10)

1. A kind of 1. turbulence burner, it is characterised in that：Set combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting on the top plate of the turbulence burner Hole, the inner chamber of the turbulence burner include the taper slag notch, burning gallery, V the cone passage that set gradually from top to bottom with And lower ring smoke passage, annular vent flue, the upper ring smoke passage set gradually from top to bottom around V cone passages, institute State that taper slag notch is up big and down small, the tangentially-arranged turbulence burner entrance of lower end edge of the burning gallery side wall, the combustion Some combustion air air feed mouths are set in the side wall in burn through road, and each combustion air air feed mouth is respectively positioned on turbulence burner entrance Top, pass through annular air guide between the lower ring smoke passage, annular vent flue, upper ring smoke passage and V cone passages Pier separates, and the V cones passage is up big and down small, and the breathing area of the lower ring smoke passage tapers into from top to bottom, described The breathing area of upper ring smoke passage tapers into from top to bottom, the both ends of the annular vent flue respectively with lower annular cigarette Gas passage, upper ring smoke passage connect, and set tangential outlet flue to connect with annular vent flue in the side wall of turbulence burner It is logical.
2. A kind of 2. turbulence burner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The top of the lower ring smoke passage It is circumferentially arranged have it is some it is up-narrow and down-wide divide gas pier, it is adjacent it is up-narrow and down-wide divide between gas pier formed under narrow wide flue gas circle Road；The bottom of the upper ring smoke passage is circumferentially arranged to be had and some wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divides gas pier, adjacent point wide at the top and narrow at the bottom Up-narrow and down-wide flue gas ring road is formed between gas pier.
3. A kind of 3. turbulence burner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The turbulence burner entrance connection For feeding the high-temperature flue of high-temperature flue gas, smoke movement parameter acquisition unit, the turbulence combustion are set on the high-temperature flue Burn device portal and variable synthesis gas approach is set, the smoke movement parameter acquisition unit includes sensing reception and signal transacting Unit, cooling unit, heat-insulated pedestal and sensing element, the heat-insulated pedestal are fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue, the sensing For element along being fixed on perpendicular to the direction of high-temperature flue axis on heat-insulated pedestal, the measurement end of sensing element stretches into high-temperature flue Interior, the sensing receives and signal processing unit is fixed on one end that sensing element is located at outside high-temperature flue, and sensing receives and letter Number processing unit measures flue gas flow, flow velocity in high-temperature flue by sensing element, and the cooling unit is enclosed in sensing member Part is located on one section between heat-insulated pedestal, sensing reception and signal processing unit, and the variable synthesis gas approach includes holding Row mechanism, fire resisting bore adjustment seat, one end of the fire resisting bore adjustment seat stretch into turbulence burner and enter intraoral, other end company Connect executing agency, in addition to the first flue gas composition detection means and control unit, the first flue gas composition detection means installation It is used to detect the flue gas composition in high-temperature flue on high-temperature flue, described control unit detects with the first flue gas composition fill respectively Put, sense reception and signal processing unit, executing agency's electrical connection, control unit processing smoke movement parameter, synthesis flue gas group Divide parameter, and by the flexible of actuating mechanism controls fire resisting bore adjustment seat, and then control the aperture of variable synthesis gas approach Size.
4. A kind of 4. turbulence burner according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The variable synthesis gas approach also wraps Include fireproof flue, heat-insulating and sealing, compress thermal insulation layer, elevated-temperature seal, the cross section of the fireproof flue is U-shaped, fireproof flue Opening is sealed by compressing thermal insulation layer, and the fire resisting bore adjustment seat is stretched into fireproof flue through thermal insulation layer is compressed, described resistance to The width that burner footpath adjustment seat is located at one end in fireproof flue is more than the width that fire resisting bore adjustment seat is located at the outer one end of fireproof flue Degree, sets elevated-temperature seal between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and fireproof flue side wall, fire resisting bore adjustment seat with compress thermal insulation layer it Between heat-insulating and sealing is set.
5. 5. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator, it is characterised in that：The incinerator Including grate, and feed hopper, gasification furnace and the incinerator set gradually on grate along feedstock direction, the rear of gasification furnace are The slag mouth of gasification furnace, incinerator are located at the front lower place of gasification furnace slag mouth, and the rear of incinerator is the slag notch of incinerator, institute State grate and be provided with garbage pusher device, the garbage pusher device is located at the lower section of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper to be pushed away Enter in gasification furnace, being respectively arranged below with for the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and incinerator moving hearth at least one is independently set The air compartment put, windrow seal section, the grate between the gasification furnace and incinerator are provided between the feed hopper, gasification furnace Transition slag section is left on part, the transition slag section is provided with residue pusher, for the rubbish that will be fallen in gasification furnace In residue push-in incinerator；

   The gasification furnace, incinerator include furnace shell, moving hearth respectively, and the forward and backward side of the gasification furnace is close by windrow respectively Section, the sealing of transition slag section are sealed, the transition slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator, makes gasification furnace, incinerator separate；

   The gasification furnace, incinerator set secondary air feed mouth respectively respectively in arching upward shape on the face arch of the gasification furnace, rear arch, Vault the first exhanst gas outlet of setting of the gasification furnace, vault the second exhanst gas outlet of setting of the incinerator, the gasification furnace, Igniting combustion supporting hole is respectively equipped with incinerator；

   Also include any described turbulence burners of claim 1-4, the turbulence burner entrance goes out with the first flue gas Mouth connection；

   Also include circulation air feed system, the circulation air feed system includes dust arrester, the first blower fan, the second blower fan, described to remove The inlet end of dirt device is connected by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet, and the outlet side of the dust arrester passes through pipeline and the first wind The inlet end connection of machine, the outlet side of first blower fan connect the house steward of the first manifold, the branch pipe difference of first manifold Connected with the secondary air feed mouth on each air compartment and gasification trimmer arch, rear arch of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth, it is described First regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of the first manifold, the air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan, described second The gas outlet of blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the branch pipe of second manifold respectively with it is each below incinerator moving hearth The inlet end of air compartment and dust arrester, outlet side are connected, and the second tune is set respectively on each branch pipe of second manifold Save valve, in addition to the 3rd manifold, the house steward of the 3rd manifold connect with the gas outlet of the second blower fan, the 3rd manifold it is each Branch pipe is connected with each combustion air air feed mouth respectively, and the 3rd regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of the 3rd manifold.
6. A kind of 6. stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：First discrimination Pipe also has a branch pipe being connected with turbulence burner entrance, and the branch pipe is provided with corresponding regulating valve, and the first blower fan is taken out The remainder flue gas not utilized taken is injected into turbulence burner by turbulence burner entrance, and passes through correspondingly Regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity.
7. A kind of 7. stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：First discrimination Manage the branch pipe being connected with turbulence burner entrance and be provided with flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection means, it is described Flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection means and the 3rd regulating valve electrically connect with control unit respectively, the control What the synthesis flue gas composition parameter and flue gas amount detecting device of the second flue gas composition of cell processing detection means collection processed gathered Flue gas flow parameter is synthesized, and passes through the 3rd governor valve control combustion air wind supply quantity.
8. A kind of 8. stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The dedusting dress It is set to cyclone separator or hot precipitator；First blower fan is high-temperature blower, and second blower fan is air blower.
9. A kind of 9. stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The transition falls Isolating door to be opened/closed is provided with slag section, the isolating door is used to separate gasification furnace, incinerator.
10. A kind of 10. stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The gasification The face arch of stove is flat construction, or, the face arch of gasification furnace is inclined upwardly structure for rear end.