CN106224967B - Stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system and dove-tail form ash collecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system and dove-tail form ash collecting devices, the inner cavity of dove-tail form ash collecting device includes burning gallery, flying dust expansion chamber, taper slag notch and the upper ring smoke channel around burning gallery, annular vent flue, lower ring smoke channel, the breathing area of lower ring smoke channel tapers into from top to bottom, the breathing area of upper ring smoke channel tapers into from top to bottom, tangential outlet flue is set to be connected with annular vent flue on the side wall of ash collecting device, the middle part of burning gallery side wall tangentially sets cyclone firing chamber inlet, several combustion airs is set to supply air port on the side wall of burning gallery.The ash collecting device to be burnt using this refuse gasification, has very high flying dust collection efficiency and efficiency of combustion, and higher heat recovery efficiency can realize controlled burning and controllable collection, reduce thermal losses, and can efficiently reduce pollutant emission.

Description

Stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system and dove-tail form ash collecting device

Technical field

The invention belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology fields more particularly to a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification to burn Burning system and dove-tail form ash collecting device.

Background technology

Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly has burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc..In garbage disposal routine In technology, burning disposal is apparent with reduced training, and innoxious thorough, occupation of land amount is small, and waste heat energy is utilized, and secondary pollution is few The advantages that, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But with to the continuous improvement of environmental requirement, how enhancing both at home and abroad It is particularly important to the control of secondary pollution.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is gradually shifted onto the road of industrial applications On, especially for domestic rubbish primarily now using all kinds of incineration technologies, gasification burning technology widely industrialize by The technological innovation of domestic garbage disposal industry is brought to regenerate.

For many years, scientific research of the China to the gasification burnings technology such as biomass, rubbish, be in progress a lot of, the base in laboratory There are many plinth research, also have application study, such as：Rotary kiln type, vertical and fluidized bed type destructive gasifying or temperature gasification and high melting skill Art etc..But Technique Popularizing using upper still there are certain restrictions, raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economic Benefit etc. is principal element.

In existing burning process and equipment, fire grate type incinerator is various informative, and application accounts for whole world waste incineration More than 80% total market size wherein having in furnace body using mechanical backstepping fire grate, forwards fire grate or combined fire grate, is also adopted With fire grates such as chain-plate type and drum-types.

In conclusion typical incinerator, respectively has its own advantage, but need what is solved in China's practical application Problem and shortage：

1. for characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated components, the technology of moving hearth uses, to rubbish Conveying capacity needs emphasis to consider.

2. with being on the increase for refuse production, sanitary fill such as mountain, garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved, It can just meet the market requirement.

3. in face of stringent pollutant emission requirement, secondary pollution control is the key problem for technically needing to solve.

4. in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.It is existing Rubbish heat treatment technics generally use boiler generate steam shift steam turbine power generation onto, entire transition heat efficiency losses are larger, place Identical quantity of refuse is managed, opposite reduction thermal losses and raising heat exchanger effectiveness can improve the thermal efficiency.

5. conventional garbage is burned in mode and boiler applications, high-temperature dust removal is less or does not have, and some efficiency is also not high enough, high Effect dedusting and burning are had both less, and the easy dust stratification of boiler declines thermal conversion efficiency, and so as to lower power production, maintenance period is short Deng.

For example following two patents of invention of existing incinerator：Multiple row sectional drive combined type domestic garbage incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) an open question and in two-stage garbage incinerator (ZL201010268376.2)：At rubbish heat It manages model comparision to fall behind, only dry-burns-burn, solid combustion discharges the process of heat；Thermal chemical reaction is to aoxidize in stove Based on reaction, reduction reaction auxiliary is also easy to produce secondary pollution；When rubbish burns in stove, oxygen quotient excessively is big, First air, two Secondary wind infeed amount is big, and dust content is higher in flue gas, is affected to heat reclaiming system and smoke processing system, easily product Ash, exhaust gas volumn is larger, reduces thermal conversion efficiency；The gasification furnace and incinerator not being separately provided, can only handle rubbish by several times, It can not realize large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal, garbage treatment quantity is smaller.

Invention content

It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system With dove-tail form ash collecting device, ash collecting device efficiency of dust collection, efficiency of combustion are higher, can reduce thermal losses, heat Organic efficiency is higher, and can efficiently reduce pollutant emission.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this：

A kind of dove-tail form ash collecting device sets combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole on the top plate of the ash collecting device, The inner cavity of the ash collecting device include set gradually from top to bottom burning gallery, flying dust expansion chamber, taper slag notch with And upper ring smoke channel, annular vent flue, the lower ring smoke channel set gradually from top to bottom around burning gallery, institute It is up big and down small to state taper slag notch, the upper ring smoke channel, annular vent flue, lower ring smoke channel and burning gallery Between separated by annular air guide pier, the upper ring smoke channel, lower ring smoke channel are connected with burning gallery, described Burning gallery includes Vertical Channel, the V cone channels above Vertical Channel and the conial channel below Vertical Channel, The V cones channel is up big and down small, and the conial channel is up-small and down-big, and the diameter of the flying dust expansion chamber is more than conial channel lower end Diameter, the breathing area of the lower ring smoke channel tapers into from top to bottom, the ventilation of the upper ring smoke channel Area tapers into from top to bottom, and the both ends of the annular vent flue lead to respectively with lower ring smoke channel, upper ring smoke Road connects, and tangential outlet flue is set to be connected with annular vent flue on the side wall of the ash collecting device, the burning gallery The middle part of side wall tangentially sets ash collecting device entrance, and several combustion air air feeds are set on the side wall of the burning gallery Mouthful, each combustion air is distributed in the top of ash collecting device entrance, lower section for air port, and each combustion air connects respectively for air port Air hose, each air hose pass through annular air guide pier, combustion air are introduced burning gallery.

Preferably, in the lower ring smoke channel it is circumferentially arranged have it is several it is up-narrow and down-wide divide gas pier, it is adjacent narrow It is lower it is wide divide between gas pier formed under narrow wide flue gas ring road；If the lower part of the upper ring smoke channel is circumferentially arranged to be had It is dry it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide gas pier, it is adjacent it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide between gas pier form up-narrow and down-wide flue gas ring road.

Preferably, the ash collecting device entrance connects the high-temperature flue for feeding high-temperature flue gas, the high temperature cigarette Smoke movement parameter acquisition unit is set on road, and the ash collecting device entrance sets variable synthesis gas inlet, the cigarette Fate moves parameter acquisition unit and includes sensing reception and signal processing unit, cooling unit, heat-insulated pedestal and sensing element, described Heat-insulated pedestal is fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue, the sensing element along perpendicular to the direction of high-temperature flue axis be fixed on every On hot radical seat, the measurement end of sensing element is stretched into high-temperature flue, and the sensing receives and signal processing unit is fixed on sensing Element is located at one end outside high-temperature flue, and sensing reception and signal processing unit measure the cigarette in high-temperature flue by sensing element Throughput, flow velocity, the cooling unit are enclosed in sensing element and are located between heat-insulated pedestal, sensing reception and signal processing unit One section on, it is described it is variable synthesis gas inlet include executing agency, fire resisting bore adjustment seat, the fire resisting bore adjustment seat One end is stretched into ash collecting device entrance, and other end connection executing agency further includes the first flue gas composition detection device and control Unit processed, the first flue gas composition detection device are mounted on for detecting the flue gas composition in high-temperature flue on high-temperature flue, Described control unit is received respectively with the first flue gas composition detection device, sensing and signal processing unit, executing agency are electrically connected, Control unit processing smoke movement parameter, synthesis flue gas composition parameter, and pass through actuating mechanism controls fire resisting bore adjustment seat It is flexible, and then control the pore size of variable synthesis gas inlet.

Preferably, it is close to further include fireproof flue, heat-insulating and sealing, compression thermal insulation layer, high temperature for the variable synthesis gas inlet Envelope, the cross section of the fireproof flue is U-shaped, and the opening of fireproof flue is sealed by compressing thermal insulation layer, the fire resisting bore tune Section seat passes through compression thermal insulation layer to stretch into fireproof flue, and the width that the fire resisting bore adjustment seat is located at one end in fireproof flue is big It is located at the width of one end outside fireproof flue in fire resisting bore adjustment seat, is set between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and fireproof flue side wall Elevated-temperature seal sets heat-insulating and sealing between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and compression thermal insulation layer.

A kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system, including incinerator, the incinerator includes grate, And feed hopper, gasification furnace and the incinerator set gradually in grate upper edge feedstock direction, the rear of gasification furnace is gasification furnace Slag mouth, incinerator are located at the front lower place of gasification furnace slag mouth, and the rear of incinerator is the slag notch of incinerator, on the grate Equipped with garbage pusher device, the garbage pusher device is located at the lower section of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper to be pushed into gasification furnace Interior, being respectively arranged below with for the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and incinerator moving hearth is at least one independently arranged primary Air compartment is equipped with windrow seal section, is stayed on the grate part between the gasification furnace and incinerator between the feed hopper, gasification furnace There is transition slag section, the transition slag section is provided with residue pusher, for the rubbish residue push-in that will be fallen in gasification furnace In incinerator；

The gasification furnace, incinerator respectively include furnace shell, moving hearth, and the forward and backward side of the gasification furnace passes through heap respectively Expect seal section, the sealing of transition slag section, the transition slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator make gasification furnace, incinerator mutually only It is vertical；

The gasification furnace, incinerator set secondary air feed respectively respectively in arching upward shape on the face arch of the gasification furnace, rear arch Mouthful, the vault of the gasification furnace sets the first exhanst gas outlet, and the vault of the incinerator sets the second exhanst gas outlet, the gasification Igniting combustion supporting hole is respectively equipped on stove, incinerator；

Ash collecting device is further included, the ash collecting device entrance is connected with the first exhanst gas outlet；

Cycle air feed system is further included, the cycle air feed system includes dust-extraction unit, the first wind turbine, the second wind turbine, institute The inlet end for stating dust-extraction unit is connect by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet, and the outlet side of the dust-extraction unit passes through pipeline and The inlet end connection of one wind turbine, the outlet side of first wind turbine connect the manifold of the first manifold, the branch pipe of first manifold It is connected respectively with the secondary confession air port on each air compartment of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and gasification trimmer arch, rear arch, First regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of first manifold, and the air inlet and atmosphere of second wind turbine are described The gas outlet of second wind turbine connects the manifold of the second manifold, the branch pipe of second manifold respectively with below incinerator moving hearth Each air compartment and dust-extraction unit inlet end, outlet side connection, the is set on each branch pipe of second manifold respectively Two regulating valves further include third manifold, and the manifold of the third manifold is connected with the gas outlet of the second wind turbine, the third manifold Each branch pipe connected respectively with each combustion air for air port, third regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of third manifold.

Preferably, first manifold also has a branch pipe being connect with ash collecting device entrance, is set on the branch pipe There is corresponding regulating valve, the remainder flue gas not utilized that the first wind turbine extracts is injected by ash collecting device entrance Enter ash collecting device, and pass through corresponding adjusting valve regulation volume of air supply.

Preferably, the branch pipe that first manifold is connect with ash collecting device entrance be equipped with flue gas amount detecting device, Second flue gas composition detection device, the flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection device and third regulating valve point It is not electrically connected with control unit, described control unit handles the synthesis flue gas composition parameter of the second flue gas composition detection device acquisition And the synthesis flue gas flow parameter of flue gas amount detecting device acquisition, and pass through third regulating valve control combustion air volume of air supply.

In order to be effectively dusted to the high-temperature flue gas of incinerator discharge, it is preferable that the dust-extraction unit is whirlwind point From device or hot precipitator；First wind turbine is high-temperature blower, and conducive to working under high temperature environment, second wind turbine is Air blower.

Wind is altered between gasification furnace, incinerator in order to prevent, it is preferable that be provided in the transition slag section it is to be opened/closed every From door, the isolating door is used to separate gasification furnace, incinerator.

In order to preferably adapt to the installation space in factory, it is preferable that the face arch of the gasification furnace for flat construction or Person, the face arch of gasification furnace is the upward incline structure in rear end.

By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantages that：

After the ash collecting device synthesis flue gas tangentially enters, mix with the oxygen supply of combustion air and fire in the combustion channel It burns, V cone channels is advanced into flue gas rotation, are shunted through annular air guide pier, flying dust sedimentation falls into slag notch, and high-temperature flue gas bypasses ring Shape air guide pier enters upper and lower ring smoke channel, then enters the discharge of annular vent flue through flue gas ring road.Flue gas uplink, flying dust is certainly Resedimentation, and it is small big under V cone channels, volume increase, pressure reduction, flow velocity reduces, in addition cyclone centrifugal power acts on, further Promote flying dust sedimentation；Flying dust expansion chamber external drum, conial channel is up-small and down-big, the increase of downlink flue gas volume, pressure reduction, flow velocity drop It is low, in addition cyclone centrifugal power acts on, further promote flying dust sedimentation；Flying dust sedimentation building volume further increases, and dust removing effects are more Further；Lower ring smoke channel flue gas size is gradually reduced, and flue gas uplink, and flying dust is from resedimentation, into trapezoidal flue gas circle Road, reduces the suction of flying dust, and dedusting is more advantageous；Upper ring smoke channel flue gas size is gradually reduced, and is detoured, velocity of flue gas drop It is low, into trapezoidal flue gas ring road, the suction of flying dust is reduced, dedusting is more advantageous；Due to the pyramidal structure of ring smoke channel, more lean on Nearly discharge area is smaller, and trapezoidal flue gas ring road makes ring smoke channel high temperature flue gas flow rate uniform.Vertical Channel whirlwind point Efficiency of dust collection, the mistake of dedusting are improved from dedusting, V cones channel, upper and lower ring smoke channel, ring road setting combination and flying dust dead weight Flue gas is synthesized in journey to obtain being sufficiently mixed burning, improves efficiency of combustion.

Control unit processing smoke movement parameter (speed, flow, fluid force etc.), synthesis flue gas composition and high-temperature blower go out Mouth arrives the flue gas composition and flow of ash collecting device, and control executing agency adjusts gas inlet aperture, while control combustion-supporting sky Tolerance realizes the tune of the fluctuations such as unstability is brought in waste component and heat treatment process synthesis exhaust gas volumn and component Section, so as to control smoke inlet initial velocity and combustion-supporting oxygen-supplying amount, to achieve the purpose that high-effective dust-removing and burning.Control unit control Make variable synthesis gas inlet executing agency：Purely mechanic transmission, mechanical parameter enlarger, then executing agency is driven, perform effect Rate higher.

Air blower blasts air and provides First air for incinerator and provide temperature adjustment air feed for cyclone separator, high-temperature blower, Valve regulation volume of air supply is adjusted by the second of respective tube road, incinerator residue is made fully to burn；Then, high-temperature blower extracts combustion The flue gas of cinder stove, after temperature adjustment and cyclone collection flying dust, the flue gas for forming certain pressure supplies the primary of gasification furnace Wind and Secondary Air adjust valve regulation volume of air supply by the first of respective tube road, rubbish in gasification furnace are made to generate gasification, contains one The flue gas of quantitative synthesis gas, is discharged from the first exhanst gas outlet, and into ash collecting device processing links, ash collecting device provides High-temperature flue gas.Present inventive concept is novel, and garbage treatment quantity is big, and the rubbish bed of material undergoes dry, gasification and residue on stoker fired grate Burn the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated component, improve the energy in garbage processing procedure Pollutant discharge amount in transformation efficiency and reduction flue gas, effectively prevent secondary pollution, and can realize that large-scale rubbish is continuous Gasification burning processing ensures refuse gasification burning effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, opposite to reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchange effect Rate improves the thermal efficiency.

Gasification furnace, incinerator are provided separately, and the vault of gasification furnace sets the first exhanst gas outlet, the vault setting of incinerator the Two exhanst gas outlets handle flue gas, while be conducive to flue gas ash removal conducive to the difference according to flue gas quality, can provide more respectively The flue gas of high-quality, makes the utilization rate higher of flue gas, and the waste residue of discharge is less.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of ash collecting device；

Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of smoke movement parameter acquisition unit；

Fig. 3 is the A-A schematic cross-sectional views of Fig. 1；

Fig. 4 is the B-B schematic cross-sectional views of Fig. 1；

Fig. 5 is the C-C schematic cross-sectional views of Fig. 4；

Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system.

Reference numeral

1 is incinerator, and 101 be grate, and 102 be feed hopper, and 103 be gasification furnace, and 104 be incinerator, and 105 be stove Bed, 106 be garbage pusher device, and 107 be an air compartment, and 108 be windrow seal section, and 109 be transition slag section, and 110 push away for residue Glassware, 111 be isolating door, and 112 be the first exhanst gas outlet, and 113 be the second exhanst gas outlet, and 114 be igniting combustion supporting hole, and 115 be two Secondary to supply air port, 116 be slag notch, and 117 be slag mouth；

2 be cycle air feed system, and 201 be dust-extraction unit, and 202 be the first wind turbine, and 203 be the second wind turbine, and 204 be the first discrimination Pipe, 205 be the second manifold, and 206 be third manifold, and 207 be the first regulating valve, and 208 be the second regulating valve, and 209 are adjusted for third Valve；

3 be ash collecting device, and 301 be combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 be taper slag notch, and 303 collect dress for flying dust Posting port, 304 be tangential outlet flue, and 305 supply air port for combustion air, and 306 be Vertical Channel, and 307 bore channel for V, and 308 be upper ring Shape exhaust gases passes, 309 be lower ring smoke channel, and 310 be annular vent flue, and 311 be annular air guide pier, and 312 is divide gas pier, 313 be flue gas ring road, and 314 be high-temperature flue, and 315 receive and signal processing unit for sensing, and 316 be cooling unit, 317 be every Hot radical seat, 318 be sensing element, and 319 be executing agency, and 320 be fire resisting bore adjustment seat, and 321 detect for the first flue gas composition Device, 322 units in order to control, 323 be fireproof flue, and 324 be heat-insulating and sealing, and 325 is compress thermal insulation layer, and 326 be elevated-temperature seal, 327 be flue gas amount detecting device, and 328 be the second flue gas composition detection device.

Specific embodiment

It is a kind of preferred embodiment of dove-tail form ash collecting device referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5,

A kind of dove-tail form ash collecting device sets combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole on the top plate of the ash collecting device 301, burning gallery, flying dust expansion chamber, the taper that the inner cavity of the ash collecting device includes setting gradually from top to bottom are slagged tap Mouth 302 and upper ring smoke channel 308, annular vent flue 310, the lower ring set gradually from top to bottom around burning gallery Shape exhaust gases passes 309, the taper slag notch 302 is up big and down small, the upper ring smoke channel 308, annular vent flue 310th, it is separated between lower ring smoke channel 309 and burning gallery by annular air guide pier 311, the upper ring smoke channel 308th, lower ring smoke channel 309 is connected with burning gallery, and the burning gallery includes Vertical Channel 306, positioned at vertical logical V cone channels 307 above road and the conial channel below Vertical Channel, the V cones channel 307 is up big and down small, described Conial channel is up-small and down-big, and the diameter of the flying dust expansion chamber is more than the diameter of conial channel lower end, and the lower ring smoke leads to The breathing area in road 309 tapers into from top to bottom, and the breathing area of the upper ring smoke channel 308 gradually becomes from top to bottom Small, the both ends of the annular vent flue 310 connect respectively with lower ring smoke channel 309, upper ring smoke channel 308, institute It states and tangential outlet flue 304 is set to be connected with annular vent flue 310 on the side wall of ash collecting device, the burning gallery side wall Middle part ash collecting device entrance 303 is tangentially set, set on the side wall of the burning gallery several combustion airs supply air port 305, each combustion air is distributed in the top of ash collecting device entrance 303, lower section for air port 305, and each combustion air supplies air port 305 connect air hose respectively, and each air hose passes through annular air guide pier 311, combustion air is introduced burning gallery.

In the lower ring smoke channel 309 it is circumferentially arranged have it is several it is up-narrow and down-wide divide gas pier 312, it is adjacent it is it is narrow under It is wide divide between gas pier 312 formed under narrow wide flue gas ring road 313；The lower part of the upper ring smoke channel 308 is circumferentially Be provided with it is several it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide gas pier 312, it is adjacent it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide between gas pier 312 form up-narrow and down-wide flue gas circle Road 313.

The ash collecting device entrance 303 connects the high-temperature flue 314 for feeding high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue Smoke movement parameter acquisition unit is set on 314, and the ash collecting device entrance 303 sets variable synthesis gas inlet, institute It states smoke movement parameter acquisition unit and includes sensing reception and signal processing unit 315, cooling unit 316,317 and of heat-insulated pedestal Sensing element 318, the heat-insulated pedestal 317 are fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue 314, the sensing element 318 along perpendicular to The direction of 314 axis of high-temperature flue is fixed on heat-insulated pedestal 317, and the measurement end of sensing element 318 stretches into high-temperature flue 314 Interior, the sensing receives and signal processing unit 315 is fixed on one end that sensing element 318 is located at outside high-temperature flue 314, senses Reception and signal processing unit 315 measure flue gas flow, flow velocity in high-temperature flue 314, the cooling by sensing element 318 Unit 316 is enclosed in one section that sensing element 318 is located between heat-insulated pedestal 317, sensing reception and signal processing unit 315 On, the heat-insulated pedestal 317, cooling unit 316 prevent the heat of high-temperature flue 314 from conducting to sensing reception and signal processing list Member 315.The variable synthesis gas inlet includes executing agency 319, fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320, and the executing agency 319 can Using cylinder, oil cylinder etc..One end of the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 is stretched into ash collecting device entrance 303, and the other end connects Executing agency 319 is met, further includes the first flue gas composition detection device 321 and control unit 322, the first flue gas composition detection Device 321 is mounted on for detecting the flue gas composition in high-temperature flue 314 on high-temperature flue 314, and described control unit 322 is distinguished It is received with the first flue gas composition detection device 321, sensing and signal processing unit 315, executing agency 319 is electrically connected, control is single Member 322 handles smoke movement parameter, synthesis flue gas composition parameter, and passes through executing agency 319 and control fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 It is flexible, and then control the pore size of variable synthesis gas inlet.

In the present embodiment, it is heat-insulated that the variable synthesis gas inlet further includes fireproof flue 323, heat-insulating and sealing 324, compression Layer 325, elevated-temperature seal 326, the fireproof flue 323, elevated-temperature seal 326 can be used common heat-resisting material and make, it is described every Heat seal 324, compression thermal insulation layer 325 can be used common heat-barrier material and make.The cross section of the fireproof flue 323 is U-shaped, resistance to The opening of fiery flue 323 is sealed by compressing thermal insulation layer 325, and the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 passes through compression thermal insulation layer 325 to stretch Enter in fireproof flue 323, the width that the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 is located at one end in fireproof flue 323 is more than fire resisting bore Adjustment seat 320 is located at the width of 323 outer one end of fireproof flue, is set between 323 side wall of fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 and fireproof flue Elevated-temperature seal 326 is put, heat-insulating and sealing 324 is set between fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 and compression thermal insulation layer 325.

It is a kind of preferred embodiment of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system, including incinerator referring to Fig. 6 1, the incinerator 1 includes grate 101 and the feed hopper 102, the gas that are set gradually in 101 upper edge feedstock direction of grate Change stove 103 and incinerator 104, the rear of incinerator 104 is the slag notch of incinerator 104, and gasification furnace 103 is mainly to rubbish Carbon-containing part gasifies, and discharges flammable gasification flue gas and rubbish residue, and incinerator 104 is substantially carried out at the burning of carbon residue Reason, and discharge innoxious lime-ash.The mechanical kiln that the siege 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 is independently driven using segmentation Row's formula moving hearth 105, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is by weight before and after moving grate plate and fixed grate plate Folded, spaced to collect, adjacent multigroup moving grate plate is connected by pull rod, is driven using a set of driving device.Machine Tool grate-type 105 carrier as conveying garbage of moving hearth, embodiments thereof can be all types of moving hearths 105, such as chain Board-like, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc..

The grate 101 is equipped with garbage pusher device 106, and the garbage pusher device 106 is located at the lower section of feed hopper 102, For the rubbish in feed hopper 102 to be pushed into gasification furnace 103, the lower section of 103 moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace and incinerator 104 moving hearths 105 are respectively arranged below with an at least one independently arranged air compartment 107, in the present embodiment, with gasification furnace The 107 corresponding fire grate of an air compartment of 103 first halfs, driving device, as the dryer section of 103 siege 105 of gasification furnace, with gasification The latter half of 107 corresponding fire grate of an air compartment of stove 103, gasification section of the driving device as 103 siege 105 of gasification furnace.Gasification 1-2 independent 107 air feeds of air compartment can be respectively adopted in dryer section, the gasification section of 103 siege 105 of stove, can also distinguish Using 3-4 independent 107 air feeds of air compartment.Certainly, fire grate, driving device and an air compartment 107 can not be also correspondingly arranged, Preferably adjust bed of material movement and air distribution relationship on moving hearth 105.1-4 independent First airs may be used in incinerator 104 107 air feed of room burns rear lime-ash and is excluded from slag notch, into next step treatment process.

Windrow seal section 108 is equipped between the feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103,106 work of garbage pusher device into locating in place In in windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and falls, and garbage pusher device 106 retreats, then promotes, reciprocal more Secondary pusher forms windrow in windrow seal section 108, and 103 entrance of gasification furnace is made to be in windrow sealing state, and enhancing gasification furnace 103 is close Effect is sealed, solves garbage pusher device 106 and 102 easy leakage problem of feed hopper.When needing the complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish, The forward impelling half stroke again of garbage pusher device 106, rubbish is pushed completely into gasification furnace 103, loses 103 entrance of gasification furnace Windrow sealing effect.There are transition slag section 109, institutes on 101 part of grate between the gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 It states transition slag section 109 and is provided with residue pusher 110, the rubbish residue for will be fallen in gasification furnace 103 is pushed into incinerator In 104, transition slag section 109 can be at windrow sealing state when accumulating rubbish residue, enhance 103 sealing effect of gasification furnace, Solve the problems, such as string wind between gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.In the present embodiment, being provided in the transition slag section 109 can The isolating door 111 of opening and closing, the isolating door 111 are used to separate gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.At furnace lifting initial stage or need to control When altering wind between gasification furnace 103 and incinerator processed, isolating door 111 is closed, stacking a certain amount of residue when slag section forms windrow After sealing, isolating door 111 can be kept to open, coordinate to use with the residue pusher 110 of lower section setting, to realize that rubbish is continuous Gasification burning processing.

Respectively in the shape that arches upward, the face arch of the gasification furnace 103 is for the upper end of the gasification furnace 103, the upper end of incinerator 104 Flat construction, alternatively, the face arch of gasification furnace 103 is the upward incline structure in rear end.The vault of the gasification furnace 103 sets the first cigarette Gas outlet 112, the vault of the incinerator 104 set the second exhanst gas outlet 113, and 103 upper end of gasification furnace arches upward, burns Igniting combustion supporting hole 114 is respectively equipped on the arching upward of 104 upper end of stove.Flue gas gasify from the first exhanst gas outlet 112, the second exhanst gas outlet 113 exclude, and further include ash collecting device 3, the ash collecting device entrance is connected with the first exhanst gas outlet.Gasification furnace 103 Furnace cavity is relatively reduced compared with traditional waste incinerator；Forward and backward arch becomes smaller with 105 relative position of moving hearth, reduces Incinerator the space occupied, is also easier to keep the temperature, reduces the amount of leakage of heat, be conducive to rubbish and fully gasify.The gas Change the face arch of stove 103, set respectively on rear arch and secondary to supply air port 115.

Cycle air feed system 2 is further included, the cycle air feed system 2 includes dust-extraction unit 201, the first wind turbine 202, second Wind turbine 203, the dust-extraction unit 201 is cyclone separator or hot precipitator, in the present embodiment, the dust-extraction unit 201 For cyclone separator.First wind turbine 202 is high-temperature blower, and second wind turbine 203 is air blower.The dust-extraction unit 201 inlet end is connect by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet 113, and the outlet side of the dust-extraction unit 201 passes through pipeline and The inlet end connection of one wind turbine 202, the outlet side of first wind turbine 202 connect the manifold of the first manifold 204, first discrimination The branch pipe of pipe 204 respectively with each air compartment 107 and 103 face arch of gasification furnace of the lower section of 103 moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace, Secondary confession air port 115 on rear arch connects, and sets the first regulating valve 207 on each branch pipe of first manifold 204 respectively, gasifies 103 First air of stove is that the flue gas generation certain pressure of high-temperature blower extraction incinerator 104 blasts the shifting of 103 stoker fired grate formula of gasification furnace In the corresponding air compartment 107 in dynamic 105 lower section of siege, then by an air holes spray penetration rubbish on moving hearth 105, into Promoting the circulation of qi adjusts volume of air supply by the first regulating valve 207 on each branch pipe of correspondence.103 Secondary Air of gasification furnace is that high-temperature blower is taken out The flue gas of incinerator 104 is taken to generate certain pressure and blasts 103 burner hearth of gasification furnace, spray-hole be arranged on 103 face arch of gasification furnace and On rear arch.Secondary confession air port 115 is provided on forward and backward arch, improves gasification efficiency, enhances polymer substance in flue gas and decomposes.Afterwards It is provided with igniting combustion supporting hole 114 on arch, furnace lifting, baker and stablizes temperature in gasification furnace 103 and use, pass through the on each branch pipe of correspondence One regulating valve 207 adjusts volume of air supply.The air inlet and atmosphere of second wind turbine 203, the air that the second wind turbine 203 blasts Can be cold wind or the hot wind after heating.The gas outlet of second wind turbine 203 connects the manifold of the second manifold 205, institute State each air compartment 107 and dust-extraction unit of the branch pipe of the second manifold 205 respectively with 104 moving hearth of incinerator, 105 lower section 201 inlet end, outlet side connection set the second regulating valve 208 on each branch pipe of second manifold 205 respectively.Incinerator 104 First airs are that the air of certain pressure is blasted the corresponding air compartment in 105 lower section of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth by air blower In 107, then by an air holes spray penetration residue on moving hearth 105, residual burning is carried out, by each branch pipe of correspondence The first regulating valve 207 adjust volume of air supply.The inlet end of dust-extraction unit 201, the air inlet of outlet side be temperature adjustment air feed, temperature adjustment air feed To be air blower by the air of certain pressure, which blast incinerator 104, exports (i.e. cyclone inlet) and carries out temperature adjustment, meanwhile, whirlwind Separator outlet (i.e. high-temperature blower entrance) blasts further temperature adjustment, is adjusted by the first regulating valve 207 on each branch pipe of correspondence Volume of air supply.

Third manifold 206 is further included, the manifold of the third manifold 206 is connected with the gas outlet of the second wind turbine 203, described Each branch pipe of third manifold 206 connects respectively with each combustion air for air port 305, is set respectively on each branch pipe of third manifold 206 Third regulating valve 209.Ash collecting device entrance 303 and combustion-supporting confession air port are arranged in 3 circumferential wall of ash collecting device, Can be that flue gas in ash collecting device 3 is longer with air mixture time, mixing is more uniformly distributed, and is more fully burnt.Fly Grey 3 combustion-supporting air feed of collection device, which is air blower, to be blasted the air of certain pressure and combustion-supporting is injected into ash collecting device for air port 3, combustion-supporting air feed approach axis can be radially or tangentially；Carry out syngas combustion.Meanwhile high-temperature blower extracts incinerator 104 Flue gas generate certain pressure to blast the corresponding air compartment 107 in the lower section of 103 stoker fired grate formula moving hearth of gasification furnace 105 gentle Change the secondary air chamber on 103 forward and backward arch of stove, first manifold 204 also has one and connects with ash collecting device smoke inlet The branch pipe connect, the branch pipe are equipped with corresponding regulating valve.What high-temperature blower extracted has not utilized remainder flue gas, then by flying Grey 3 smoke inlet of collection device is injected into ash collecting device 3, carries out syngas combustion, passes through corresponding adjusting valve regulation Volume of air supply, this structure can reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, substantially increase the organic efficiency of heat, and can have Reduce pollutant discharge amount in effect ground.

Further, the branch pipe that first manifold is connect with ash collecting device entrance is equipped with flue gas amount detecting device 327th, the second flue gas composition detection device 328, the flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection device and third tune Section valve is electrically connected with control unit respectively, and described control unit handles the synthesis flue gas group of the second flue gas composition detection device acquisition Divide parameter and the synthesis flue gas flow parameter of flue gas amount detecting device acquisition, and pass through third regulating valve control combustion air air feed Amount.

The incinerator 104 is equipped with slag mouth 117, and the slag notch 116 of the incinerator 104 is located at incinerator slag mouth 117 underface, the slag mouth 117 are connected by pipeline with the slag notch of dust-extraction unit 201.This sealing structure effect is good, Reduction pollutant discharge amount can effectively be held.

A kind of waste disposal method of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system, this method carry out according to the following steps：

Step A, the gate of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and atmospheric vent is closed, starts mechanical grate-type rubbish Garbage raw material is put into feed hopper 102 by rubbish incinerator 1, and the pusher back and forth of garbage pusher device 106 will be from feed hopper 102 The garbage raw material fallen is pushed into the windrow seal section 108 between feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103, forms windrow seal section 108 Windrow sealing state, extra rubbish fall into the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, and the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works, Rubbish is conveyed into transition slag section 109, the pusher back and forth of residue pusher 110 pushes away the rubbish in transition slag section 109 Enter in incinerator 104, the work conveying garbage of moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104, until rubbish is in gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 is accumulated to required thickness：0.6-0.8m, during baker, the rubbish accumulated can protect mobile stove Bed 105, prevents scaling loss siege 105.Stop feeding intake to feed hopper 102, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 stops Only work, then, with start-up burner by the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 respectively with gasification furnace 103 and the burner hearth of incinerator 104 communicate, under the action of start-up burner, gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 are carried out furnace lifting, Baker is treated that this process is stablized and is completed, gasification furnace 103 and 104 burner hearth of incinerator is made to reach 600-700 DEG C of predetermined temperature；Baker Purpose be in order to remove the Natural Water and the crystallization water in lining, in order to avoid when going into operation due to furnace temperature rise it is too fast, moisture content is a large amount of Expansion causes furnace body spalling, bubbling or deformation even furnace wall to collapse, and influences the intensity and service life of heating furnace furnace wall.

Step B, start and adjust cycle air feed system 2, adjust gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and cycle air feed system 2 Technological parameter (pusher speed, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, wind pressure and air quantity, secondary air temperature, wind pressure and air quantity, furnace temperature, Negative pressure, thickness of feed layer etc. in stove), it feeds intake to feed hopper 102, the work conveying garbage of moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, rubbish Burning is proceeded by the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, rubbish residue is accumulated to form windrow sealing at transition slag section 109, be made The stove chamber inner combustion state temperature of gasification furnace 103 is stabilized to 850 DEG C or more, the work output combustion of moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 Rubbish residue after cinder.

Step C, gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and each technological parameter (the pusher speed for recycling air feed system 2 are adjusted Degree, fire grate speed, a wind-warm syndrome, wind pressure and air quantity, secondary air temperature, wind pressure and air quantity, furnace temperature, negative pressure, thickness of feed layer in stove Deng), gasification furnace 103 gradually gasifies to rubbish, and gasification temperature stabilization makes gasification furnace 103 stablize production between 700-800 DEG C The high-temperature flue gas of the raw synthesis gas containing 10%-20%, it is equal that 103 vaporized state of gasification furnace stablizes progress low temperature, medium temperature or high-temperature gasification It can.104 combustion state temperature of incinerator is made to be stabilized to 850 DEG C or more, realizes rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal；It need to adjust simultaneously Each technological parameter of ash collecting device 3 makes 3 tangential 304 temperature of outlet flue of ash collecting device be stabilized to 850 DEG C or more.

Step D, it need to overhaul or during blowing out, stop feeding intake, adjust gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and cycle air feed system 2 technological parameter makes gasification furnace 103 be gradually restored to combustion state, after rubbish and rubbish residue are burnt, closes stoker fired grate Formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and cycle air feed system 2.Each technological parameter of ash collecting device 3 need to be adjusted simultaneously, make gasification Stove 103 is gradually restored to combustion state.

Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of dove-tail form ash collecting device, it is characterised in that：Combustion chamber point is set on the top plate of the ash collecting device Fiery combustion-supporting hole, the inner cavity of the ash collecting device include the burning gallery, flying dust expansion chamber, the taper that set gradually from top to bottom Slag notch and the upper ring smoke channel set gradually from top to bottom around burning gallery, annular vent flue, lower annular cigarette Gas channel, the taper slag notch is up big and down small, the upper ring smoke channel, annular vent flue, lower ring smoke channel It is separated between burning gallery by annular air guide pier, the upper ring smoke channel, lower ring smoke channel lead to burning Road connects, and the burning gallery includes Vertical Channel, the V cone channels above Vertical Channel and below Vertical Channel Conial channel, V cone channel is up big and down small, and the conial channel is up-small and down-big, and the diameter of the flying dust expansion chamber is more than The diameter of conial channel lower end, the breathing area of the lower ring smoke channel taper into from top to bottom, the upper annular cigarette The breathing area of gas channel tapers into from top to bottom, the both ends of the annular vent flue respectively with lower ring smoke channel, Upper ring smoke channel connects, and tangential outlet flue is set to be connected with annular vent flue on the side wall of the ash collecting device, The middle part of the burning gallery side wall tangentially sets ash collecting device entrance, is set on the side wall of the burning gallery several Combustion air supplies air port, and each combustion air is distributed in the top of ash collecting device entrance, lower section, each combustion air air feed for air port Mouth connects air hose respectively, and each air hose passes through annular air guide pier, combustion air is introduced burning gallery.

2. a kind of dove-tail form ash collecting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The lower ring smoke channel It is interior it is circumferentially arranged have it is several it is up-narrow and down-wide divide gas pier, it is adjacent it is up-narrow and down-wide divide between gas pier formed under narrow wide flue gas Ring road；The lower part of the upper ring smoke channel is circumferentially arranged have it is several it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom divide gas pier, it is adjacent wide at the top and narrow at the bottom Up-narrow and down-wide flue gas ring road is formed between point gas pier.

3. a kind of dove-tail form ash collecting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ash collecting device enters Mouth connects the high-temperature flue for feeding high-temperature flue gas, and smoke movement parameter acquisition unit is set on the high-temperature flue, described Ash collecting device entrance sets variable synthesis gas inlet, and the smoke movement parameter acquisition unit includes sensing and receives and believe Number processing unit, cooling unit, heat-insulated pedestal and sensing element, the heat-insulated pedestal are fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue, institute Sensing element is stated along being fixed on heat-insulated pedestal perpendicular to the direction of high-temperature flue axis, the measurement end of sensing element stretches into high temperature In flue, the sensing receives and signal processing unit is fixed on one end that sensing element is located at outside high-temperature flue, and sensing receives And signal processing unit measures flue gas flow, the flow velocity in high-temperature flue by sensing element, the cooling unit is enclosed in sense Answer element be located at heat-insulated pedestal, sensing receive and signal processing unit between one section on, it is described it is variable synthesis gas inlet packet Executing agency, fire resisting bore adjustment seat are included, one end of the fire resisting bore adjustment seat is stretched into ash collecting device entrance, another End connection executing agency, further includes the first flue gas composition detection device and control unit, the first flue gas composition detection device For detecting the flue gas composition in high-temperature flue on high-temperature flue, described control unit is examined respectively with the first flue gas composition Survey device, sensing receives and signal processing unit, executing agency's electrical connection, control unit processing smoke movement parameter, synthesis cigarette Gas component parameter, and pass through the flexible of actuating mechanism controls fire resisting bore adjustment seat, and then control variable synthesis gas inlet Pore size.

4. a kind of dove-tail form ash collecting device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described it is variable synthesis flue gas into Mouth further includes fireproof flue, heat-insulating and sealing, compresses thermal insulation layer, elevated-temperature seal, and the cross section of the fireproof flue is U-shaped, fire resisting The opening of flue is sealed by compressing thermal insulation layer, and the fire resisting bore adjustment seat passes through compression thermal insulation layer to stretch into fireproof flue, The width that the fire resisting bore adjustment seat is located at one end in fireproof flue is located at fireproof flue outer one more than fire resisting bore adjustment seat The width at end, sets elevated-temperature seal between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and fireproof flue side wall, fire resisting bore adjustment seat with compress every Heat-insulating and sealing is set between thermosphere.

5. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system, including incinerator, it is characterised in that：The incinerator Including grate and in feed hopper, gasification furnace and incinerator that grate upper edge feedstock direction is set gradually, the rear of gasification furnace is The slag mouth of gasification furnace, incinerator are located at the front lower place of gasification furnace slag mouth, and the rear of incinerator is the slag notch of incinerator, institute Grate is stated equipped with garbage pusher device, the garbage pusher device is located at the lower section of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper to be pushed away Enter in gasification furnace, being respectively arranged below with for the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and incinerator moving hearth at least one is independently set The air compartment put is equipped with windrow seal section, the grate between the gasification furnace and incinerator between the feed hopper, gasification furnace There are transition slag sections on part, and the transition slag section is provided with residue pusher, for the rubbish that will be fallen in gasification furnace In residue push-in incinerator；

The gasification furnace, incinerator respectively include furnace shell, moving hearth, and the forward and backward side of the gasification furnace is close by windrow respectively Section, the sealing of transition slag section are sealed, the transition slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator make gasification furnace, incinerator mutual indepedent；

The gasification furnace, incinerator respectively in arching upward shape, set respectively on the face arch of the gasification furnace, rear arch it is secondary for air port, Vault the first exhanst gas outlet of setting of the gasification furnace, vault the second exhanst gas outlet of setting of the incinerator, the gasification furnace, Igniting combustion supporting hole is respectively equipped on incinerator；

Any ash collecting devices of claim 1-4 are further included, the ash collecting device entrance goes out with the first flue gas Mouth connection；

Cycle air feed system is further included, the cycle air feed system includes dust-extraction unit, the first wind turbine, the second wind turbine, described to remove The inlet end of dirt device is connect by pipeline with the second exhanst gas outlet, and the outlet side of the dust-extraction unit passes through pipeline and the first wind The inlet end connection of machine, the outlet side of first wind turbine connect the manifold of the first manifold, the branch pipe difference of first manifold It is connected with the secondary confession air port on each air compartment of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and gasification trimmer arch, rear arch, it is described First regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of the first manifold, the air inlet and atmosphere of second wind turbine, described second The gas outlet of wind turbine connects the manifold of the second manifold, the branch pipe of second manifold respectively with it is each below incinerator moving hearth The inlet end of air compartment and dust-extraction unit, outlet side connect, and the second tune is set respectively on each branch pipe of second manifold Save valve, further include third manifold, the manifold of the third manifold is connected with the gas outlet of the second wind turbine, the third manifold it is each Branch pipe connects respectively with each combustion air for air port, and third regulating valve is set respectively on each branch pipe of third manifold.

6. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：First discrimination Pipe also has a branch pipe being connect with ash collecting device entrance, which is equipped with corresponding regulating valve, and the first wind turbine is taken out The remainder flue gas not utilized taken is injected into ash collecting device, and pass through correspondence by ash collecting device entrance Adjusting valve regulation volume of air supply.

7. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：First discrimination It manages the branch pipe being connect with ash collecting device entrance and is equipped with flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection device, it is described Flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection device and third regulating valve are electrically connected with control unit respectively, the control What the synthesis flue gas composition parameter and flue gas amount detecting device of the second flue gas composition of cell processing detection device acquisition processed acquired Flue gas flow parameter is synthesized, and passes through third regulating valve control combustion air volume of air supply.

8. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The dedusting dress It is set to cyclone separator or hot precipitator；First wind turbine is high-temperature blower, and second wind turbine is air blower.

9. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The transition is fallen Isolating door to be opened/closed is provided in slag section, the isolating door is used to separate gasification furnace, incinerator.

10. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incineration system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The gasification The face arch of stove is flat construction, alternatively, the face arch of gasification furnace is the upward incline structure in rear end.