CN206112944U - Mechanical stoker formula waste gasification system of burning and inverted cone inner chamber combustion chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mechanical stoker formula waste gasification system of burning and inverted cone inner chamber combustion chamber, the inner chamber of inverted cone inner chamber combustion chamber includes the combustion passage that from the top down set gradually, the taper passageway, the flying dust deposit room, taper slag notch and the ring -shaped stack gas passage who sets up around the taper passageway, annular exhaust uptake, taper passageway big end down, the diameter of flying dust deposit room is greater than the diameter of taper passageway lower extreme, ring -shaped stack gas passage is big end down's taper, ring -shaped stack gas passage 's lower extreme and flying dust deposit room intercommunication, annular exhaust uptake's lower extreme and ring -shaped stack gas passage 's upper end intercommunication, taper slag notch big -end -up. Using this inverted cone inner chamber combustion chamber, having higher dust collection efficiency and combustion efficiency, higher heat recycling efficiency can realize controllable burning and controllable collection, reduces the heat loss, and the pollution abatement thing discharges effectively.

Description

Cavity combustion chamber in stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU and inverted cone-shaped

Technical field

This utility model belongs to solid waste incineration processing technology field, more particularly to a kind of stoker fired grate formula rubbish gas Change cavity combustion chamber in CIU and inverted cone-shaped.

Background technology

Existing technology of garbage disposal mainly has burning, sanitary landfills, compost, waste recovery etc..In garbage disposal routine In technology, burning disposal has reduced training substantially, and innoxious thorough, occupation of land amount is little, and waste heat energy is obtained by, and secondary pollution is few The advantages of, meet the strategic requirement of China's sustainable development.But with continuous improvement both at home and abroad to environmental requirement, how to strengthen Control to secondary pollution is particularly important.Therefore, refuse pyrolysis gasification burning technology is gradually shifted onto the road of industrial applications On, all kinds of incineration technologies are primarily now used especially for domestic rubbish, the extensive industrialization of gasification burning technology will The technological innovation of domestic garbage disposal industry is brought to regenerate.

For many years, scientific research of the China to the gasification burning technology such as biomass, rubbish, be in progress a lot of, the base of laboratory Plinth research is a lot, also has applied research, such as：Rotary kiln type, the destructive gasifying of vertical and fluidized bed type or temperature gasification and high melting skill Art etc..But in Technique Popularizing application or there is a definite limitation, raw material type, garbage treatment quantity, secondary pollution control and economy Benefit etc. is principal element.

In existing burning process and equipment, fire grate type incinerator is various informative, and its application accounts for whole world waste incineration More than the 80% of the total market size, wherein having in body of heater using mechanical type backstepping fire grate, forwards fire grate or combined fire grate, also adopts With fire grates such as chain-plate type and drum-types.

In sum, typical incinerator, respectively has its own advantage, but needs what is solved in China's practical application Problem and shortage：

1., for characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated components, the technology of moving hearth is used, to rubbish Conveying capacity needs emphasis to consider.

2. being on the increase with refuse production, sanitary fill such as mountain, garbage treatment quantity must be effectively improved, Could meeting the market requirement.

3. require in the face of strict pollutant emission, secondary pollution control is the key problem for technically needing to solve.

4., in order to effectively increase economic efficiency, in rubbish heat treatment process, the organic efficiency of heat needs to improve.It is existing Rubbish heat treatment technics generally using boiler produce steam shift steam turbine power generation onto, whole transition heat efficiency losses are larger, place Reason identical quantity of refuse, relative thermal losses and the raising heat exchanger effectiveness of reducing can just improve the thermal efficiency.

5. conventional garbage is burned in mode and boiler applications, and high-temperature dust removal is less or does not have, and some efficiency is also not high enough, high Less, the easy dust stratification of boiler that effect dedusting and burning are had both, declines thermal conversion efficiency, and so as to lower power production, maintenance period is short Deng.

The for example following two utility model patents of existing incinerator：Multiple row sectional drive combined type domestic garbage incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) an open question and in two-stage garbage incinerator (ZL201010268376.2)：At rubbish heat Reason model comparision falls behind, and be simply dried-burns-burns, and solid combustion discharges the process of heat；In stove, thermal chemical reaction is aoxidizing Based on reaction, reduction reaction auxiliary is also easy to produce secondary pollution；When rubbish burns in the stove, it is big to cross oxygen quotient, First air, two Secondary wind infeed amount is big, and in flue gas, dust content is higher, affects larger to heat reclaiming system and smoke processing system, easily product Ash, exhaust gas volumn are larger, reduce thermal conversion efficiency；The gasification furnace not being separately provided and incinerator, can only process rubbish by several times, Large-scale rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal cannot be realized, garbage treatment quantity is less.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification is burned Cavity combustion chamber in system and inverted cone-shaped, in inverted cone-shaped, cavity combustion chamber has higher efficiency of dust collection and efficiency of combustion, can realize Controlled burning and controllable dedusting, can reduce thermal losses, and the organic efficiency of heat is higher, and can efficiently reduce pollutant row Put.

What the purpose of this utility model was realized in：

Cavity combustion chamber in a kind of inverted cone-shaped, arranges combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting on the top board of cavity combustion chamber in the inverted cone-shaped Hole, the tangentially-arranged inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber of upper end edge of the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber sidewall of combustion chamber, in the inverted cone-shaped Burning gallery that the inner chamber of cavity combustion chamber includes setting gradually from top to bottom, conial channel, flying dust expansion chamber, taper slag notch with And around conial channel arrange ring smoke passage, annular vent flue, the ring smoke passage, annular vent flue with Separated by annular inducing QI pier between conial channel, some combustion airs are set on the side wall of the burning gallery and supply air port, it is described Each combustion air is respectively positioned on the lower section of inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber for air port, and the conial channel is up-small and down-big, the flying dust The diameter with diameter greater than conial channel lower end of expansion chamber, the ring smoke passage be in up-small and down-big taper, ring smoke The lower end of passage is connected with flying dust expansion chamber, and the lower end of the annular vent flue is connected with the upper end of ring smoke passage, Tangential outlet flue is arranged on the side wall of tapered interior cavity combustion chamber to connect with annular vent flue, it is big on the taper slag notch under It is little.

Preferably, the top of the ring smoke passage is circumferentially arranged some up-narrow and down-wide point of gas piers, adjacent point Narrow wide flue gas ring road under being formed between gas pier.

Preferably, the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber is connected to the high-temperature flue for feeding high-temperature flue gas, the height Smoke movement parameter acquisition unit is set on warm flue, and the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber arranges variable synthesis flue gas and enters Mouthful, the smoke movement parameter acquisition unit includes that sensing is received and signal processing unit, cooling unit, heat-insulated pedestal and sensing Element, the heat-insulated pedestal are fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue, and the sensing element is along perpendicular to the side of high-temperature flue axis To being fixed on heat-insulated pedestal, the measurement end of sensing element is stretched in high-temperature flue, and the sensing is received and signal processing unit The one end of sensing element outside high-temperature flue is fixed on, sensing is received and signal processing unit measures high temperature by sensing element Flue gas flow, flow velocity in flue, the cooling unit are enclosed in sensing element at heat-insulated pedestal, sensing reception and signal On a section between reason unit, the variable synthesis gas approach includes actuator, fire resisting bore adjustment seat, the resistance to burner One end of footpath adjustment seat is stretched in inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber, other end connection actuator, also including the first flue gas group Detection means and control unit, the first flue gas composition detection means is divided to be arranged on high-temperature flue for detecting high-temperature flue Interior flue gas composition, described control unit are received and signal processing unit, are held with the first flue gas composition detection means, sensing respectively Row mechanism electrically connects, and control unit processes smoke movement parameter, synthesis flue gas composition parameter, and passes through actuating mechanism controls fire resisting Bore adjustment seat it is flexible, and then control the pore size of variable synthesis gas approach.

Preferably, the variable synthesis gas approach also includes that fireproof flue, heat-insulating and sealing, compression thermal insulation layer, high temperature are close Envelope, the cross section of the fireproof flue are U-shaped, and the opening of fireproof flue is adjusted by compressing thermal insulation layer sealing, the fire resisting bore Section seat is stretched in fireproof flue through thermal insulation layer is compressed, and the width of fire resisting bore conditioned seat one end in the fireproof flue is big In fire resisting bore conditioned seat in the width of the outer one end of fireproof flue, arrange between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and fireproof flue side wall Elevated-temperature seal, arranges heat-insulating and sealing between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and compression thermal insulation layer.

A kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator, the incinerator include grate, And feed hopper, gasification furnace and the incinerator set gradually along feedstock direction on grate, the rear of gasification furnace is gasification furnace Fall cinder notch, and incinerator falls positioned at gasification furnace the front lower place of cinder notch, the slag notch of the rear of incinerator for incinerator, on the grate Garbage pusher device is provided with, the garbage pusher device is located at the lower section of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed gasification furnace Interior, being respectively arranged below with for the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and incinerator moving hearth at least one is independently arranged once Air compartment, is provided with windrow seal section between the feed hopper, gasification furnace, stay on the grate part between the gasification furnace and incinerator There is transition to fall slag section, the transition slag section that falls is provided with residue pusher, for the rubbish fallen in gasification furnace residue is pushed In incinerator；

The gasification furnace, incinerator include furnace shell, moving hearth respectively, and the forward and backward side of the gasification furnace passes through heap respectively Material seal section, transition fall the sealing of slag section, and the transition falls slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator, makes gasification furnace, incinerator mutually only It is vertical；

The gasification furnace, incinerator are respectively provided with secondary air feed on the face arch of the gasification furnace, rear arch respectively in arching upward shape Mouthful, the vault of the gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, and the vault of the incinerator arranges the second exhanst gas outlet, the gasification Igniting combustion supporting hole is respectively equipped with stove, incinerator；

Also include cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped, the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber is connected with the first exhanst gas outlet；

Also include circulation air feed system, the circulation air feed system includes dust arrester, the first blower fan, the second blower fan, institute The inlet end for stating dust arrester is connected with the second exhanst gas outlet by pipeline, and the outlet side of the dust arrester passes through pipeline and the The inlet end connection of one blower fan, the outlet side of first blower fan connects the house steward of the first manifold, the arm of first manifold Connect with the secondary confession air port on each air compartment and gasification trimmer arch, rear arch of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth respectively, The first regulating valve is respectively provided with each arm of first manifold, the air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan are described The gas outlet of the second blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of second manifold respectively with incinerator moving hearth below Each air compartment and dust arrester inlet end, outlet side connection, the is respectively provided with each arm of second manifold Two regulating valves, also including the 3rd manifold, the house steward of the 3rd manifold is connected with the gas outlet of the second blower fan, the 3rd manifold Each arm connect for air port with each combustion air respectively, be respectively provided with the 3rd regulating valve on each arm of the 3rd manifold.

Preferably, first manifold also has an arm being connected with inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber, the arm Corresponding regulating valve is provided with, what the first blower fan was extracted is not entered by cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped using complete remainder flue gas Mouth is injected into cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped, and by corresponding regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity.

Preferably, the arm that first manifold is connected with inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber is provided with flue gas amount detection device Put, the second flue gas composition detection means, the flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection means and the 3rd regulating valve Electrically connect with control unit respectively, described control unit processes the synthesis flue gas composition ginseng of the second flue gas composition detection means collection Number and the synthesis flue gas flow parameter of flue gas amount detecting device collection, and pass through the 3rd governor valve control combustion air wind supply quantity.

In order to effectively carry out dedusting to the high-temperature flue gas that incinerator is discharged, it is preferable that the dust arrester is whirlwind point From device or hot precipitator；First blower fan is high-temperature blower, and beneficial to working in high temperature environments, second blower fan is Aerator.

In order to prevent that wind is altered between gasification furnace, incinerator, it is preferable that the transition fall be provided with slag section it is to be opened/closed every From door, the isolating door for by gasification furnace, incinerator separate.

In order to preferably adapt to the installing space in factory, it is preferable that the face arch of the gasification furnace is flat construction, or Person, the face arch of gasification furnace are inclined upwardly structure for rear end.

As a result of above-mentioned technical proposal, this utility model has the advantages that：

Flying dust expansion chamber external drum, back taper passage are up-small and down-big, volume increase, reduced pressure, flow velocity reduce, add whirlwind from Mental power function, further promotes flying dust sedimentation；Flying dust sedimentation building volume further increases, and dust removing effects are further；Annular cigarette Gas passage flue gas size is gradually reduced, and flue gas is up, and flying dust reduces the suction of flying dust from resedimentation into trapezoidal flue gas ring road Go out, dedusting is more favourable；Due to the pyramidal structure of ring smoke passage, less the closer to discharge area, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom flue gas Ring road makes ring smoke passage high temperature flue gas flow rate uniform.Burning gallery section cyclonic separation dedusting, back taper passage, flying dust sedimentation Room, ring smoke passage, ring road arrange combination and improve efficiency of dust collection, synthesize flue gas and obtain being sufficiently mixed combustion during dedusting Burn, improve efficiency of combustion.

Control unit processes smoke movement parameter (speed, flow, fluid force etc.), synthesis flue gas composition and high-temperature blower and goes out The flue gas composition and flow of mouth cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped, control actuator adjust gas approach aperture, while control is helped Combustion air capacity, realizes the fluctuations such as unstability is brought in waste component and heat treatment process synthesis exhaust gas volumn and component Adjust, so as to control smoke inlet initial velocity and combustion-supporting oxygen-supplying amount, to reach the purpose of high-effective dust-removing and burning.Control unit The variable synthesis gas approach actuator of control：Purely mechanic transmission, mechanical parameter enlarger, then actuator is driven, perform It is in hgher efficiency.

Aerator blasts air for incinerator and provides First air and provide homoiothermic air feed for cyclone separator, high-temperature blower, By the second regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity on correspondence pipeline, incinerator residue is made fully to burn；Then, high-temperature blower extracts combustion The flue gas of cinder stove, after homoiothermic and cyclone collection flying dust, forms the flue gas supply gasification furnace of certain pressure once Wind and secondary wind, by the first regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity on correspondence pipeline, make rubbish in gasification furnace produce gasification, contain one The flue gas of quantitative synthesis gas, discharges from the first exhanst gas outlet, the cavity combustion chamber processing links in inverted cone-shaped, the combustion of inverted cone-shaped inner chamber Burn room and high-temperature flue gas are provided.This utility model is novel, and garbage treatment quantity is big, and the rubbish bed of material experiences dry on stoker fired grate Dry, gasification and residue burn the stage, adapt to the characteristics such as China's house refuse water content height, complicated component, improve at rubbish Pollutant discharge amount in energy conversion efficiency and reduction flue gas during reason, effectively prevents secondary pollution, and can realize big The rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal of scale, it is ensured that refuse gasification burns effect and lime-ash clinker ignition loss, relative to reduce thermal losses With raising heat exchanger effectiveness, the thermal efficiency is improve.

Gasification furnace, incinerator are provided separately, and the vault of gasification furnace arranges the first exhanst gas outlet, and the vault of incinerator arranges the Two exhanst gas outlets, process flue gas respectively beneficial to according to the difference of flue gas quality, while being conducive to flue gas ash removal, can provide more The flue gas of high-quality, makes the utilization rate of flue gas higher, and the waste residue of discharge is less.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped；

Structural representations of the Fig. 2 for smoke movement parameter acquisition unit；

A-A cross-sectional schematics of the Fig. 3 for Fig. 1；

B-B cross-sectional schematics of the Fig. 4 for Fig. 1；

C-C cross-sectional schematics of the Fig. 5 for Fig. 4；

Structural representations of the Fig. 6 for stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU.

Reference

1 is incinerator, and 101 is grate, and 102 is feed hopper, and 103 is gasification furnace, and 104 is incinerator, and 105 is stove Bed, 106 is garbage pusher device, and 107 is an air compartment, and 108 is windrow seal section, and 109 fall slag section for transition, and 110 push away for residue Glassware, 111 is isolating door, and 112 is the first exhanst gas outlet, and 113 is the second exhanst gas outlet, and 114 is igniting combustion supporting hole, and 115 is two Secondary confession air port, 116 is slag notch, and 117 is the cinder notch that falls；

2 are circulation air feed system, and 201 is dust arrester, and 202 is the first blower fan, and 203 is the second blower fan, and 204 is the first discrimination Pipe, 205 is the second manifold, and 206 is the 3rd manifold, and 207 is the first regulating valve, and 208 is the second regulating valve, and 209 are adjusted for the 3rd Valve；

3 is cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped, and 301 is combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole, and 302 is taper slag notch, and 303 is inverted cone-shaped Inner chamber entry of combustion chamber, 304 is tangential outlet flue, and 305 supply air port for combustion air, and 306 is burning gallery, and 307 is conial channel, 308 is flying dust expansion chamber, and 309 is ring smoke passage, and 310 is annular vent flue, and 311 are annular inducing QI pier, and 312 are a point gas Pier, 313 is flue gas ring road, and 314 is high-temperature flue, and 315 receive for sensing and signal processing unit, and 316 is cooling unit, 317 For heat-insulated pedestal, 318 is sensing element, and 319 is actuator, and 320 is fire resisting bore adjustment seat, and 321 is the first flue gas composition Detection means, 322 is control unit, and 323 is fireproof flue, and 324 is heat-insulating and sealing, and 325 to compress thermal insulation layer, and 326 is high temperature Sealing, 327 is flue gas amount detecting device, and 328 is the second flue gas composition detection means.

Specific embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, it is a kind of preferred embodiment of cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped, the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber burning Combustion chamber ignition combustion-supporting hole 301 is set on the top board of room 3, and in the inverted cone-shaped, the upper end edge of 3 side wall of cavity combustion chamber is tangentially-arranged Inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber 303, in the inverted cone-shaped, the inner chamber of cavity combustion chamber 3 includes the burning for setting gradually from top to bottom Passage 306, conial channel 307, flying dust expansion chamber 308, taper slag notch 302 and the annular arranged around conial channel 307 Exhaust gases passes 309, annular vent flue 310, the ring smoke passage 309, annular vent flue 310 and conial channel 307 Between separated by annular inducing QI pier 311, some combustion airs are set on the side wall of the burning gallery 306 for air port 305, it is described Each combustion air is respectively positioned on the lower section of inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber 303 for air port 305, and the conial channel 307 is up-small and down-big, The diameter with diameter greater than 307 lower end of conial channel of the flying dust expansion chamber 308, the ring smoke passage 309 present it is little under Big taper, the lower end of ring smoke passage 309 are connected with flying dust expansion chamber 308, the lower end of the annular vent flue 310 with The upper end connection of ring smoke passage 309, the top of the ring smoke passage 309 is circumferentially arranged some up-narrow and down-wide Divide gas pier 312, narrow wide flue gas ring road 313 under being formed between adjacent point of gas pier 312.The side wall of cavity combustion chamber 3 in inverted cone-shaped The upper tangential outlet flue 304 that arranges is connected with annular vent flue 310, and the taper slag notch 302 is up big and down small.

The inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber 303 is connected to the high-temperature flue 314 for feeding high-temperature flue gas, the high temperature Smoke movement parameter acquisition unit is set on flue 314, and the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber 303 arranges variable synthesis flue gas Import, the smoke movement parameter acquisition unit include that sensing is received and signal processing unit 315, cooling unit 316, heat-insulated base Seat 317 and sensing element 318, the heat-insulated pedestal 317 are fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue 314,318 edge of the sensing element It is fixed on heat-insulated pedestal 317 perpendicular to the direction of 314 axis of high-temperature flue, the measurement end of sensing element 318 stretches into high temperature cigarette In road 314, the sensing is received and signal processing unit 315 is fixed on sensing element 318 outside high-temperature flue 314 End, sensing is received and signal processing unit 315 passes through flue gas flow, the flow velocity that sensing element 318 is measured in high-temperature flue 314, The cooling unit 316 is enclosed in sensing element 318 between heat-insulated pedestal 317, sensing reception and signal processing unit 315 One section on, the heat-insulated pedestal 317, cooling unit 316 prevent the heat of high-temperature flue 314 conduct to sensing receive and signal Processing unit 315.The variable synthesis gas approach includes actuator 319, fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320, the execution machine Structure 319 can be using cylinder, oil cylinder etc..Stretch into inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber 303 in one end of the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 It is interior, other end connection actuator 319, also including the first flue gas composition detection means 321 and control unit 322, described first Flue gas composition detection means 321 is arranged on high-temperature flue 314 for detecting the flue gas composition in high-temperature flue 314, the control Unit processed 322 is received and signal processing unit 315, actuator 319 with the first flue gas composition detection means 321, sensing respectively Electrical connection, control unit 322 process smoke movement parameter, synthesis flue gas composition parameter, and control fire resisting by actuator 319 Bore adjustment seat 320 it is flexible, and then control the pore size of variable synthesis gas approach.

In the present embodiment, the variable synthesis gas approach also includes that fireproof flue 323, heat-insulating and sealing 324, compression are heat-insulated Layer 325, elevated-temperature seal 326, the fireproof flue 323, elevated-temperature seal 326 can be made using conventional exotic material, it is described every Heat seal 324, compression thermal insulation layer 325 can be made using conventional heat-barrier material.The cross section of the fireproof flue 323 is U-shaped, resistance to The opening of fiery flue 323 is sealed by compressing thermal insulation layer 325, and the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 is stretched through thermal insulation layer 325 is compressed Enter in fireproof flue 323, the fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 is located at the width of one end in fireproof flue 323 and is more than fire resisting bore Adjustment seat 320 is located at the width of 323 outer one end of fireproof flue, sets between 323 side wall of fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 and fireproof flue Elevated-temperature seal 326 is put, heat-insulating and sealing 324 is set between fire resisting bore adjustment seat 320 and compression thermal insulation layer 325.

Referring to Fig. 6, it is a kind of preferred embodiment of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator 1, the incinerator 1 includes grate 101, and the feed hopper 102, gas set gradually along feedstock direction on grate 101 Change stove 103 and incinerator 104, the rear of incinerator 104 is the slag notch of incinerator 104, and gasification furnace 103 is mainly to rubbish Carbon-containing part is gasified, and discharges flammable gasification flue gas and rubbish residue, and incinerator 104 is substantially carried out at the burning of carbon residue Reason, and discharge innoxious lime-ash.The siege 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 is using the independent mechanical kiln for driving of segmentation Row's formula moving hearth 105, the fire grate of stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 is by weight before and after moving grate plate and fixed grate plate It is folded, it is spaced collect form, adjacent multigroup moving grate plate is connected by pull bar, using the driving of a set of driving means.Machine Carrier of the tool grate-type moving hearth 105 as conveying garbage, embodiments thereof can be all types of moving hearths 105, such as chain Board-like, drum-type, multisection type fire grate system etc..

The grate 101 is provided with garbage pusher device 106, and the garbage pusher device 106 is located at the lower section of feed hopper 102, For the rubbish in feed hopper 102 is pushed in gasification furnace 103, the lower section of 103 moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace and incinerator 104 moving hearths 105 are respectively arranged below with least one air compartment 107 being independently arranged, in the present embodiment, with gasification furnace The 107 corresponding fire grate of air compartment of 103 first halfs, driving means, as the dryer section of 103 siege 105 of gasification furnace, with gasification The gasification section of the latter half of 107 corresponding fire grate of an air compartment of stove 103, driving means as 103 siege 105 of gasification furnace.Gasification The dryer section of 103 siege 105 of stove, gasification section can be respectively adopted 1-2 independent 107 air feed of air compartment, it is also possible to respectively Using 3-4 independent 107 air feed of air compartment.Certainly, fire grate, driving means and an air compartment 107 can not also be correspondingly arranged, Bed of material movement and air distribution relation on moving hearth 105 is adjusted preferably.Incinerator 104 can adopt 1-4 independent First air 107 air feed of room, burns rear lime-ash and excludes from slag notch, into next step treatment process.

It is provided with windrow seal section 108 between the feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103,106 work of garbage pusher device is entered and located in place In windrow seal section 108, garbage raw material is put into from feed hopper 102 and falls, and garbage pusher device 106 is retreated, then is advanced, reciprocal many Secondary pusher forms windrow in windrow seal section 108, makes 103 entrance of gasification furnace in windrow sealing state, strengthens gasification furnace 103 close Envelope effect, solves garbage pusher device 106 and 102 easy leakage problem of feed hopper.When needing complete prepurging to dispose all rubbish, The forward impelling half stroke again of garbage pusher device 106, rubbish is pushed completely in gasification furnace 103, loses 103 entrance of gasification furnace Windrow sealing effectiveness.Leave transition to fall slag section 109 on 101 part of grate between the gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104, institute State the transition slag section 109 that falls and be provided with residue pusher 110, for the rubbish residue fallen in gasification furnace 103 is pushed incinerator In 104, the transition slag section 109 that falls can be at windrow sealing state when rubbish residue is piled up, and strengthen 103 sealing effectiveness of gasification furnace, Solve the problems, such as string wind between gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104.In the present embodiment, falls in the transition, and be provided with slag section 109 can The isolating door 111 of opening and closing, the isolating door 111 is for gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 are separated.The furnace lifting initial stage or need control When wind is altered between gasification furnace processed 103 and incinerator, close isolating door 111, stack a certain amount of residue when the slag section that falls and form windrow After sealing, isolating door 111 can be kept to open, coordinate to use with the residue pusher 110 that lower section is arranged, to realize that rubbish is continuous Gasification burning process.

, respectively in the shape that arches upward, the face arch of the gasification furnace 103 is for the upper end of the gasification furnace 103, the upper end of incinerator 104 Flat construction, or, the face arch of gasification furnace 103 is inclined upwardly structure for rear end.The vault of the gasification furnace 103 arranges the first cigarette Gas outlet 112, the vault of the incinerator 104 arrange the second exhanst gas outlet 113, and 103 upper end of the gasification furnace is arched upward, burns Igniting combustion supporting hole 114 is respectively equipped with the arching upward of 104 upper end of stove.Gasification flue gas is from the first exhanst gas outlet 112, the second exhanst gas outlet 113 exclude, and also including cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped 3, the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber is connected with the first exhanst gas outlet.Gas Change 103 furnace cavity of stove is compared with traditional incinerator, relatively reduced；Forward and backward arch is become with 105 relative position of moving hearth It is little, the space of incinerator occupancy is reduced, insulation is also easier to, is reduced the amount of leakage of heat, be conducive to rubbish fully to gasify. Secondary confession air port 115 is respectively provided with the face arch of the gasification furnace 103, rear arch.

Also include circulation air feed system 2, the circulation air feed system 2 includes dust arrester 201, the first blower fan 202, second Blower fan 203, the dust arrester 201 are cyclone separator or hot precipitator, in the present embodiment, the dust arrester 201 For cyclone separator.First blower fan 202 is high-temperature blower, and second blower fan 203 is aerator.The dust arrester 201 inlet end is connected with the second exhanst gas outlet 113 by pipeline, and the outlet side of the dust arrester 201 passes through pipeline and the The inlet end connection of one blower fan 202, the outlet side of first blower fan 202 connects the house steward of the first manifold 204, first discrimination The arm of pipe 204 each air compartment 107 and 103 face arch of gasification furnace respectively with the lower section of 103 moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace, Secondary confession air port 115 on rear arch connects, and the first regulating valve 207 is respectively provided with each arm of first manifold 204, gasification 103 First air of stove is that the flue gas generation certain pressure of high-temperature blower extraction incinerator 104 blasts the shifting of 103 stoker fired grate formula of gasification furnace Below dynamic siege 105 in a corresponding air compartment 107, then by an air holes spray penetration rubbish on moving hearth 105, enter Circulation of qi promoting, adjusts wind supply quantity by the first regulating valve 207 on each arm of correspondence.103 secondary wind of gasification furnace is that high-temperature blower is taken out The flue gas for taking incinerator 104 produces certain pressure and blasts 103 burner hearth of gasification furnace, its spray-hole be arranged on 103 face arch of gasification furnace and On rear arch.Secondary confession air port 115 is provided with forward and backward arch, gasification efficiency is improved, polymer substance decomposes in strengthening flue gas.Afterwards It is provided with igniting combustion supporting hole 114 on arch, temperature is used in furnace lifting, baker and stable gasification furnace 103, by the on each arm of correspondence One regulating valve 207 adjusts wind supply quantity.The air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan 203, the air that the second blower fan 203 is blasted Can be cold wind or the hot blast after heating.The gas outlet of second blower fan 203 connects the house steward of the second manifold 205, institute State the arm of the second manifold 205 respectively with 104 moving hearth 105 of incinerator below each air compartment 107 and dust arrester 201 inlet end, outlet side connection, are respectively provided with the second regulating valve 208 on each arm of second manifold 205.Incinerator 104 First airs are that the air of certain pressure is blasted a corresponding air compartment below stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 by aerator In 107, then by an air holes spray penetration residue on moving hearth 105, residual burning is carried out, by each arm of correspondence The first regulating valve 207 adjust wind supply quantity.The inlet end of dust arrester 201, the air intake of outlet side be homoiothermic air feed, homoiothermic air feed It is that the air of certain pressure is blasted incinerator 104 and exports (i.e. cyclone inlet) and carries out homoiothermic by aerator, meanwhile, whirlwind Separator outlet (i.e. high-temperature blower entrance) blasts further homoiothermic, is adjusted by the first regulating valve 207 on each arm of correspondence Wind supply quantity.

Also include the 3rd manifold 206, the house steward of the 3rd manifold 206 is connected with the gas outlet of the second blower fan 203, described Each arm of the 3rd manifold 206 is connected for air port 305 with each combustion air respectively, is respectively provided with each arm of the 3rd manifold 206 3rd regulating valve 209.Inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber 303 and combustion-supporting confession air port are arranged at cavity combustion chamber 3 in inverted cone-shaped In circumferential wall, can be that the flue gas in inverted cone-shaped in cavity combustion chamber 3 is longer with air mixture time, mixing is more uniformly distributed, more Sufficiently burn.In inverted cone-shaped, 3 combustion-supporting air feed of cavity combustion chamber is that the air of certain pressure is blasted combustion-supporting confession air port spray by aerator Cavity combustion chamber 3 in inverted cone-shaped are injected, combustion-supporting air feed approach axis can be radially or tangentially；Carry out syngas combustion.Meanwhile, High-temperature blower extracts the flue gas generation certain pressure of incinerator 104 and blasts below 103 stoker fired grate formula moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace Secondary air chamber on 103 forward and backward arch of a corresponding air compartment 107 and gasification furnace, first manifold 204 is also with one and falls The arm of tapered inner chamber gas fume of combustion chamber entrance connection, the arm are provided with corresponding regulating valve.The not profit that high-temperature blower is extracted Remainder flue gas is finished, then cavity combustion chamber 3 in inverted cone-shaped are injected into by 3 smoke inlet of cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped, entered Row syngas combustion, by corresponding regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity, this structure can reduce thermal losses and improve heat exchanger effectiveness, The organic efficiency of heat is substantially increased, and pollutant discharge amount can be efficiently reduced.

Further, the arm that first manifold is connected with inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber is provided with exhaust gas volumn detection Device 327, the second flue gas composition detection means 328, the flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection means and Three regulating valves are electrically connected with control unit respectively, and described control unit processes the synthesis cigarette of the second flue gas composition detection means collection Gas component parameter and the synthesis flue gas flow parameter of flue gas amount detecting device collection, and pass through the 3rd governor valve control combustion air Wind supply quantity.

The incinerator 104 is provided with cinder notch 117, and the slag notch 116 of the incinerator 104 falls cinder notch positioned at incinerator 117 underface, it is described fall cinder notch 117 connected with the slag notch of dust arrester 201 by pipeline.This sealing structure effect is good, Reduction pollutant discharge amount can effectively be held.

A kind of waste disposal method of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, the method are carried out according to the following steps：

Step A, the gate for closing stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and atmospheric vent, start mechanical grate-type rubbish Garbage raw material is put into feed hopper 102 by rubbish incinerator 1, and the pusher back and forth of garbage pusher device 106 will be from feed hopper 102 The garbage raw material for falling pushes the windrow seal section 108 between feed hopper 102, gasification furnace 103, is formed windrow seal section 108 Windrow sealing state, unnecessary rubbish fall into the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, and the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 works, Rubbish is conveyed into transition to fall slag section 109, the pusher back and forth of residue pusher 110, the transition rubbish in slag section 109 that falls is pushed away Enter in incinerator 104, the work conveying garbage of moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104, until rubbish is in gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 moving hearth 105 is accumulated to required thickness：0.6-0.8m, during baker, the rubbish piled up can protect mobile stove Bed 105, prevents scaling loss siege 105.Stop to feed hopper 102 feeding intake, the moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 stops Only work, then, with start-up burner pass through the igniting combustion supporting hole 114 of gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 respectively with gasification furnace 103 and the burner hearth of incinerator 104 communicate, in the presence of start-up burner, gasification furnace 103 and incinerator 104 are carried out furnace lifting, Baker, treats that this process stabilization is completed, and makes gasification furnace 103 and 104 burner hearth of incinerator reach 600-700 DEG C of predetermined temperature；Baker Purpose be in order to remove the Natural Water in lining and water of crystallization, in order to avoid when going into operation as furnace temperature rises too fast, moisture content is a large amount of Expansion causes body of heater spalling, bubbling or deformation even furnace wall to collapse, and affects the intensity and service life of heating furnace furnace wall.

Step B, startup adjust circulation air feed system 2, adjust gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2 Technological parameter (pusher speed, fire grate speed, pathogenic wind-warm, blast and an air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, Negative pressure, thickness of feed layer etc. in stove), feed intake to feed hopper 102, the work conveying garbage of moving hearth 105 of gasification furnace 103, rubbish Burning is proceeded by the burner hearth of gasification furnace 103, rubbish residue is piled up to form windrow sealing at transition falls slag section 109, made The stove chamber inner combustion state temperature of gasification furnace 103 is stabilized to more than 850 DEG C, the work output combustion of moving hearth 105 of incinerator 104 Rubbish residue after cinder.

Step C, each technological parameter (the pusher speed for adjusting gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2 Negative pressure, thickness of feed layer in degree, fire grate speed, pathogenic wind-warm, blast and an air quantity, secondary air temperature, blast and air quantity, furnace temperature, stove Deng), gasification furnace 103 gradually gasifies to rubbish, and gasification temperature is stable between 700-800 DEG C, makes 103 stable product of gasification furnace The raw high-temperature flue gas containing 10%-20% synthesis gas, it is equal that 103 vaporized state of gasification furnace stably carries out low temperature, middle temperature or high-temperature gasification Can.Make 104 fired state temperature stabilization of incinerator to more than 850 DEG C, realize rubbish continuous gasification burning disposal；Need to adjust simultaneously Each technological parameter of cavity combustion chamber 3 in inverted cone-shaped, makes in inverted cone-shaped 3 tangential outlet flue of cavity combustion chamber, 304 temperature stabilization to 850 DEG C More than.

Step D, need to overhaul or during blowing out, stop feeding intake, adjust gasification furnace 103, incinerator 104 and circulation air feed system 2 technological parameter, makes gasification furnace 103 be gradually restored to fired state, after rubbish and rubbish residue burn, closes stoker fired grate Formula refuse gasification incinerator 1 and circulation air feed system 2.Each technological parameter of cavity combustion chamber 3 in inverted cone-shaped need to be adjusted simultaneously, made Gasification furnace 103 is gradually restored to fired state.

Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is only unrestricted to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, to the greatest extent Gutron is crossed above preferred embodiment and this utility model is described in detail, but those skilled in the art should manage Solution, can make various changes, in the form and details without departing from this utility model claims institute to which The scope of restriction.

Claims (10)

1. cavity combustion chamber in a kind of inverted cone-shaped, it is characterised in that：Combustor is set on the top board of cavity combustion chamber in the inverted cone-shaped Igniting combustion supporting hole, the tangentially-arranged inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber of upper end edge of the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber sidewall of combustion chamber are described The inner chamber of cavity combustion chamber includes setting gradually from top to bottom in inverted cone-shaped burning gallery, conial channel, flying dust expansion chamber, taper Slag notch and the ring smoke passage arranged around conial channel, annular vent flue, the ring smoke passage, annular row Separated by annular inducing QI pier between gas flue and conial channel, some combustion air air feeds are set on the side wall of the burning gallery Mouthful, each combustion air is respectively positioned on the lower section of inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber for air port, and the conial channel is up-small and down-big, institute State the diameter with diameter greater than conial channel lower end of flying dust expansion chamber, the ring smoke passage is in up-small and down-big taper, ring The lower end of shape exhaust gases passes is connected with flying dust expansion chamber, and the lower end of the annular vent flue is connected with the upper end of ring smoke passage It is logical, tangential outlet flue is set on the side wall of cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped and is connected with annular vent flue, on the taper slag notch It is little under big.

2. cavity combustion chamber in a kind of inverted cone-shaped according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ring smoke passage it is upper Portion is circumferentially arranged some up-narrow and down-wide point gas piers, narrow wide flue gas ring road under being formed between adjacent point of gas pier.

3. cavity combustion chamber in a kind of inverted cone-shaped according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cavity combustion chamber in the inverted cone-shaped Entrance is connected to the high-temperature flue for feeding high-temperature flue gas, and smoke movement parameter acquisition unit, institute are arranged on the high-temperature flue State inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber and variable synthesis gas approach is set, the smoke movement parameter acquisition unit includes that sensing connects Receive and signal processing unit, cooling unit, heat-insulated pedestal and sensing element, the heat-insulated pedestal is fixed on the tube wall of high-temperature flue On, the sensing element along being fixed on heat-insulated pedestal perpendicular to the direction of high-temperature flue axis, stretch by the measurement end of sensing element Enter in high-temperature flue, the sensing is received and signal processing unit is fixed on the one end of sensing element outside high-temperature flue, sense Should receive and flue gas flow that signal processing unit is measured by sensing element in high-temperature flue, flow velocity, the cooling unit bag It is trapped among on one section between heat-insulated pedestal, sensing reception and signal processing unit of sensing element, the variable synthesis flue gas Import includes actuator, fire resisting bore adjustment seat, and cavity combustion chamber in inverted cone-shaped is stretched in one end of the fire resisting bore adjustment seat In entrance, other end connection actuator, also including the first flue gas composition detection means and control unit, the first flue gas group Point detection means is arranged on high-temperature flue for detecting the flue gas composition in high-temperature flue, and described control unit is respectively with first Flue gas composition detection means, sensing reception and signal processing unit, actuator electrical connection, control unit process smoke movement ginseng Number, synthesis flue gas composition parameter, and by the flexible of actuating mechanism controls fire resisting bore adjustment seat, and then control variable synthesis cigarette The pore size of gas import.

4. cavity combustion chamber in a kind of inverted cone-shaped according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The variable synthesis gas approach Also include fireproof flue, heat-insulating and sealing, compress thermal insulation layer, elevated-temperature seal, the cross section of the fireproof flue is U-shaped, fire resisting cigarette The opening in road is stretched in fireproof flue through thermal insulation layer is compressed by compressing thermal insulation layer sealing, the fire resisting bore adjustment seat, institute The width of fire resisting bore conditioned seat one end in the fireproof flue is stated more than fire resisting bore conditioned seat in the outer one end of fireproof flue Width, elevated-temperature seal is set between fire resisting bore adjustment seat and fireproof flue side wall, fire resisting bore adjustment seat with compress it is heat-insulated Between layer, heat-insulating and sealing is set.

5. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU, including incinerator, it is characterised in that：The incinerator Including grate, and feed hopper, gasification furnace and the incinerator set gradually along feedstock direction on grate, the rear of gasification furnace is The cinder notch that falls of gasification furnace, incinerator fall positioned at gasification furnace the front lower place of cinder notch, the slag notch of the rear of incinerator for incinerator, institute State grate and be provided with garbage pusher device, the garbage pusher device is located at the lower section of feed hopper, for the rubbish in feed hopper is pushed away Enter in gasification furnace, being respectively arranged below with for the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth and incinerator moving hearth at least one independently sets The air compartment put, is provided with windrow seal section, the grate between the gasification furnace and incinerator between the feed hopper, gasification furnace Leave transition to fall slag section on part, the transition slag section that falls is provided with residue pusher, for the rubbish that will be fallen in gasification furnace Residue is pushed in incinerator；

The gasification furnace, incinerator include furnace shell, moving hearth respectively, and the forward and backward side of the gasification furnace is close by windrow respectively Envelope section, transition fall the sealing of slag section, and the transition falls slag section isolation gasification furnace, incinerator, makes gasification furnace, incinerator separate；

The gasification furnace, incinerator are respectively provided with secondary confession air port on the face arch of the gasification furnace, rear arch respectively in arching upward shape, Vault first exhanst gas outlet of setting of the gasification furnace, vault second exhanst gas outlet of setting of the incinerator, the gasification furnace, Igniting combustion supporting hole is respectively equipped with incinerator；

Also include cavity combustion chamber in the arbitrary described inverted cone-shaped of claim 1-4, the inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber and the One exhanst gas outlet is connected；

Also include circulation air feed system, the circulation air feed system includes dust arrester, the first blower fan, the second blower fan, described to remove The inlet end of dirt device is connected with the second exhanst gas outlet by pipeline, and the outlet side of the dust arrester passes through pipeline and the first wind The inlet end connection of machine, the outlet side of first blower fan connect the house steward of the first manifold, the arm difference of first manifold Connect with the secondary confession air port on each air compartment and gasification trimmer arch, rear arch of the lower section of gasification furnace moving hearth, it is described It is respectively provided with the first regulating valve on each arm of the first manifold, the air inlet and atmosphere of second blower fan, described second The gas outlet of blower fan connects the house steward of the second manifold, the arm of second manifold respectively with incinerator moving hearth below it is each The inlet end of air compartment and dust arrester, outlet side connection, are respectively provided with the second tune on each arm of second manifold Section valve, also including the 3rd manifold, the house steward of the 3rd manifold is connected with the gas outlet of the second blower fan, the 3rd manifold it is each Arm is connected for air port with each combustion air respectively, is respectively provided with the 3rd regulating valve on each arm of the 3rd manifold.

6. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：First discrimination Pipe also has an arm being connected with inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber, and the arm is provided with corresponding regulating valve, the first wind What machine was extracted is not injected into inverted cone-shaped inner chamber burning by inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber using complete remainder flue gas Room, and by corresponding regulation valve regulation wind supply quantity.

7. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：First discrimination The arm that pipe is connected with inverted cone-shaped inner chamber entry of combustion chamber is provided with flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection means, The flue gas amount detecting device, the second flue gas composition detection means and the 3rd regulating valve are electrically connected with control unit respectively, institute The synthesis flue gas composition parameter and flue gas amount detecting device for stating control unit process the second smoke composition detection means collection is adopted The synthesis flue gas flow parameter of collection, and pass through the 3rd governor valve control combustion air wind supply quantity.

8. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The dedusting dress It is set to cyclone separator or hot precipitator；First blower fan is high-temperature blower, and second blower fan is aerator.

9. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The transition falls It is provided with isolating door to be opened/closed in slag section, the isolating door is for gasification furnace, incinerator are separated.

10. a kind of stoker fired grate formula refuse gasification CIU according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The gasification The face arch of stove is flat construction, or, the face arch of gasification furnace is inclined upwardly structure for rear end.