CN106214633B - Preparation method of original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid - Google Patents
Preparation method of original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of original ecological lucid ganoderma oral liquid, which comprises the steps of (1) cultivating lucid ganoderma, (2) enriching lucid ganoderma nutrient solution, (3) humidifying lucid ganoderma sporocarp, (4) collecting lucid ganoderma nutrient solution, (5) concentrating the nutrient solution, (6) mixing the nutrient solution, and (7) filling and sterilizing the nutrient solution. The original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid prepared by the preparation method contains rich nutrient components and health-care factors, and has the remarkable effects of relieving cough, reducing phlegm and improving the immunologic function of a human body. The method can maximally obtain the active ingredients of the ganoderma lucidum, and maximally reserve the nutritional ingredients of the ganoderma lucidum; the active ingredients in the lucid ganoderma oral liquid obtained by the method are all water-soluble and easy to be absorbed by human bodies; in the whole extraction process, other chemical reagents are not introduced, and chemical pollution is avoided; the obtained ganoderma lucidum oral liquid is not added with other functional extracts, and the phenomenon that various substances inhibit each other to cause the reduction of the efficacy is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of an oral liquid, in particular to a preparation method of an original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid, belonging to the technical field of health-care product processing.
Background
Ganoderma is fruiting body of Ganoderma of Polyporaceae, and has effects of invigorating qi, tranquilizing mind, relieving cough and asthma, and prolonging life. Can be used for treating vertigo, insomnia, palpitation, short breath, neurasthenia, and cough with asthma due to asthenia.
Application 201310625029.4 discloses a composition comprising 290-310 parts by mass of Ganoderma lucidum, 290-310 parts by mass of Agaricus blazei Murill, 190-210 parts by mass of herba Epimedii; also comprises the following auxiliary materials: 0.4-0.6 part of stevioside, 0.4-0.6 part of potassium sorbate and purified water; 02151036.9 discloses a Ganoderma oral liquid prepared from Ganoderma, cortex Eucommiae, radix astragali, Spica Prunellae, Pheretima, radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata, radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, and semen Cuscutae; application 93103116.8 discloses a Ganoderma oral liquid prepared from 94% -96% of concentrated stock solution of fermented Ganoderma and 4% -6% of adjuvants (ethyl lactate, citric acid, Mel, fructus Tsaoko juice, cortex Cinnamomi water, and rhizoma Dioscoreae Zingiberensis liquid). Although the prior art discloses products or preparation methods of the ganoderma lucidum oral liquid, due to the limitation of extraction technology, the effective components in the prior ganoderma lucidum oral liquid can not be completely extracted; in order to increase the efficacy of most ganoderma lucidum oral liquid products, other Chinese herbal medicine substances are added in the formula of the products; although the complementation of the efficacy can be realized to a certain extent, the phenomena of mutual inhibition between raw materials or between intermediate products and functional extracts in the preparation process of the raw materials are inevitable due to more raw material components, and finally the efficacy of the product is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of original ecological lucid ganoderma oral liquid, which takes lucid ganoderma as a raw material, enriches and obtains nutrient solution in an optimal state by taking measures in the cultivation process of the lucid ganoderma, and obtains active ingredients of the lucid ganoderma to the maximum extent by combining freezing, crushing, hot water extraction and other treatments when the nutrient solution is collected, so that the nutrient ingredients of the raw material are retained to the maximum extent; the active ingredients in the lucid ganoderma oral liquid obtained by the method are all water-soluble and easy to be absorbed by human bodies; in the preparation method, other chemical reagents are not introduced in the whole extraction process, and no chemical pollution exists; the ganoderma lucidum oral liquid is not added with other functional extracts, and the phenomenon that a plurality of substances inhibit each other to cause the effect reduction does not exist.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of lucid ganoderma oral liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) cultivating lucid ganoderma: according to the mass ratio, 45-55% of cassava stems, 30-38% of cottonseed hulls, 2-8% of wheat bran, 5-15% of corn flour and 1-4% of lime are used as raw materials to prepare fungus bags, the fungus bags are sterilized at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, cooled to room temperature and inoculated, the inoculated fungus bags are placed in a darkroom environment for mycelium growth, the environment temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 50-60%; after growing for 30-40 days, the fruiting body growth period is started, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 27-30 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 85% -95%;
(2) enrichment of the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution: when the sporocarp enters the later growth stage, the edge of the pileus becomes thin, and the white part gradually disappears, the environmental humidity is increased to 95-100% at 24-26 ℃, the moisture content in the sporocarp is gradually increased, the humidification is kept for 2-5 days, the moisture content of the lucid ganoderma is 30-40%, and the collection of the lucid ganoderma is started before the lucid ganoderma is sprayed;
(3) humidifying the lucid ganoderma sporocarp: cleaning the picked Ganoderma, humidifying the cleaned Ganoderma in a vacuum tank to obtain humidified Ganoderma with water content of 40-70%;
(4) collecting the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: freezing the humidified Ganoderma at-20 deg.C for 1-3 days; pulverizing the frozen Ganoderma in a pulverizer for 1-2min, coarse filtering with 10-40 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 1; placing the filtrate 1 in a tubular centrifuge for centrifugation to obtain a filtrate 2 and residual residues; soaking the residue in clean water for 10min-20min, heating and steaming while stirring at 70-90 deg.C for 1-3 hr; then carrying out coarse filtration of 10-40 meshes, removing filter residues, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 3; placing the filtrate 3 in a tubular centrifuge for centrifugation, and collecting clear liquid to obtain filtrate 4;
(5) and (3) concentrating the nutrient solution: concentrating the filtrate 4 in a vacuum concentrator at 55-60 deg.C under-0.08 to (-)0.1Mpa for 30-120min until the concentration of soluble solid is 2-7% (measured by a refractometer at 20 deg.C), to obtain concentrated filtrate 4;
(6) mixing the nutrient solution: mixing the filtrate 2 and the concentrated filtrate 4 according to a ratio of 1:1 to obtain a ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution;
(7) filling and sterilizing the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: and (3) putting the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution into a 10ml small bottle, sealing the bottle for storage, then putting the bottle into a damp-heat sterilizer for treatment at 121 ℃ for 30min, cooling after sterilization, and packaging to obtain the original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid.
Further, the specific conditions of the humidification in the step (3) are as follows: placing the cleaned Ganoderma and water in a vacuum tank at a material-water mass ratio of 1:3-6, wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank is-0.08 to (-)0.1Mpa, and humidifying for 10-20 min.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the feed water is 1: 5.
Further, in the step (4), the centrifugal rotation speed of the filtrate 1 and the filtrate 3 is 15000-.
Further, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the materials to the water when the residual residues are soaked is 1:5-1: 15.
Further, the fungus bag is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50% of cassava stalk, 33% of cottonseed hull, 5% of wheat bran, 10% of corn flour and 2% of lime.
The size of the fungus bag is preferably 15 x 50 cm; the fungus bag meeting the requirements can be manufactured according to the actual production requirements.
The original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid prepared by the preparation method contains rich nutrient components and health-care factors, and has the remarkable effects of relieving cough, reducing phlegm and improving the immunologic function of a human body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention also has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the water content of the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body can be increased through the enrichment step of the nutrient solution, and the water content is increased, so that on one hand, the picking of ganoderma lucidum is facilitated, and on the other hand, the diffusion of water in the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body cells and among cells is promoted, and the increase of active ingredients is realized;
(2) the step of humidifying the lucid ganoderma sporocarp can further increase the water content of the lucid ganoderma sporocarp through the action of external force and promote the cell lysis through the principle of low-concentration permeation; meanwhile, the freezing and crushing of the lucid ganoderma are facilitated;
(3) when the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution is collected, firstly freezing lucid ganoderma at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, and then carrying out subsequent crushing and other steps, wherein the moisture of the frozen lucid ganoderma is in a crystalline state through pre-freezing, so that the lucid ganoderma can be crushed more thoroughly under the action of mechanical external force during subsequent crushing, and meanwhile, the internal activity of the lucid ganoderma is easier to overflow and release;
(4) extracting the residue after pulverizing and centrifuging with hot water to obtain water soluble components easily absorbed by human body and specific functional components in Ganoderma by hot water extraction; after hot water leaching, coarse filtration is carried out to remove macromolecular particles, the influence of the macromolecular particles on centrifugation in the subsequent tubular centrifugation is reduced, and the appearance and the state of the extract and the final product are better;
(5) the filtrate 2 and the concentrated filtrate 4 are mixed to obtain the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution, so that the nutrient components of the filtrate 2 can be retained to the maximum extent, the nutrient components of the filtrate 4 have certain tolerance to temperature, and the nutrient effect cannot be lost too much after concentration;
(6) the active ingredients in the lucid ganoderma oral liquid are all water-soluble and are easy to be absorbed by human bodies; in the preparation method, other chemical reagents are not introduced in the whole extraction process, and no chemical pollution exists; the ganoderma lucidum oral liquid is not added with other functional extracts, and the phenomenon that a plurality of substances inhibit each other to cause the effect reduction does not exist.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated in detail by the following examples, which are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1 an original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid was prepared by the following steps:
(1) and (3) cultivating lucid ganoderma: according to the mass ratio, 50% of cassava stalk, 33% of cottonseed hull, 5% of wheat bran, 10% of corn flour and 2% of lime are used as raw materials to be made into a fungus bag with the size of 15 multiplied by 50cm, the fungus bag is sterilized at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, cooled to room temperature and inoculated, the inoculated fungus bag is placed in a darkroom environment for mycelium growth, the environment temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 50-60%; after growing for 30-40 days, the fruiting body growth period is started, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 27-30 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 85% -95%;
(2) enrichment of the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution: when the sporocarp enters the later growth stage, the edge of the pileus becomes thin, and the white part gradually disappears, the environmental humidity is increased to 95-100%, the temperature is 24-26 ℃, the water content in the mycelia is increased, the humidification is kept for 2-5 days, the water content of the lucid ganoderma is 30-40%, and the collection of the lucid ganoderma is started before the lucid ganoderma is sprayed;
(3) humidifying the lucid ganoderma sporocarp: cleaning the picked lucid ganoderma, putting the cleaned lucid ganoderma and water into a vacuum tank according to the mass ratio of the material to the water of 1:5, keeping the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank at-0.08 to (-)0.1Mpa, and humidifying for 10-20min to obtain the humidified lucid ganoderma, wherein the water content of the humidified lucid ganoderma is 40-70%;
(4) collecting the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: freezing the humidified Ganoderma at-20 deg.C for 1-3 days; pulverizing the frozen Ganoderma in a pulverizer for 1-2min, coarse filtering with 10-40 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 1; placing the filtrate 1 in a tubular centrifuge to centrifuge at the rotating speed of 17000r/min to obtain filtrate 2 and residual residues; soaking the residual residue with clean water at a material-water mass ratio of 1:10 for 15min, heating and steaming while stirring at 70-90 deg.C for 2 h; then carrying out coarse filtration of 10-40 meshes, removing filter residues, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 3; placing the filtrate 3 in a tubular centrifuge for centrifuging at the rotating speed of 17000r/min, and collecting clear liquid to obtain filtrate 4;
(5) and (3) concentrating the nutrient solution: concentrating the filtrate 4 in a vacuum concentrator at 55-60 deg.C under-0.08 to (-)0.1Mpa for 90min until the concentration of soluble solid is 2-7% (measured by refractometer at 20 deg.C), to obtain concentrated filtrate 4;
(6) mixing the nutrient solution: mixing the filtrate 2 and the concentrated filtrate 4 according to a ratio of 1:1 to obtain a ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution;
(7) filling and sterilizing the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: and (3) putting the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution into a 10ml small bottle, sealing the bottle for storage, then putting the bottle into a damp-heat sterilizer for treatment at 121 ℃ for 30min, cooling after sterilization, and packaging to obtain the original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid.
Example 2 the original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid is prepared by the following steps:
(1) and (3) cultivating lucid ganoderma: according to the mass ratio, 45% of cassava stalk, 38% of cottonseed hull, 2% of wheat bran, 14% of corn flour and 1% of lime are used as raw materials to prepare a fungus bag with the size of 15 multiplied by 50cm, the fungus bag is sterilized at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, cooled to room temperature and inoculated, the inoculated fungus bag is placed in a darkroom environment for mycelium growth, the environment temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 50-60%; after growing for 30-40 days, the fruiting body growth period is started, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 27-30 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 85% -95%;
(2) enrichment of the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution: when the sporocarp enters the later growth stage, the edge of the pileus becomes thin, and the white part gradually disappears, the environmental humidity is increased to 95-100%, the temperature is 24-26 ℃, the water content in the mycelia is increased, the humidification is kept for 2-5 days, the water content of the lucid ganoderma is 30-40%, and the collection of the lucid ganoderma is started before the lucid ganoderma is sprayed;
(3) humidifying the lucid ganoderma sporocarp: cleaning the picked lucid ganoderma, putting the cleaned lucid ganoderma and water into a vacuum tank according to the mass ratio of 1:3-6, wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank is-0.08 to (-)0.1Mpa, and the humidifying time is 10-20min, so as to obtain the humidified lucid ganoderma, and the water content of the humidified lucid ganoderma is 40-70%;
(4) collecting the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: freezing the humidified Ganoderma at-20 deg.C for 1-3 days; pulverizing the frozen Ganoderma in a pulverizer for 1-2min, coarse filtering with 10-40 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 1; placing the filtrate 1 in a tubular centrifuge to centrifuge at the rotating speed of 15000r/min to obtain filtrate 2 and residual residues; soaking the residual residue with clean water at a material-water mass ratio of 1:15 for 10min, heating and steaming while stirring at 70-90 deg.C for 3 h; then carrying out coarse filtration of 10-40 meshes, removing filter residues, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 3; placing the filtrate 3 in a tubular centrifuge for centrifuging at the rotating speed of 15000r/min, and collecting clear liquid to obtain filtrate 4;
(5) and (3) concentrating the nutrient solution: concentrating the filtrate 4 in a vacuum concentrator at 55-60 deg.C under-0.08 to (-)0.1Mpa for 30min until the concentration of soluble solid is 2-7% (measured by refractometer at 20 deg.C), to obtain concentrated filtrate 4;
(6) mixing the nutrient solution: mixing the filtrate 2 and the concentrated filtrate 4 according to a ratio of 1:1 to obtain a ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution;
(7) filling and sterilizing the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: and (3) putting the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution into a 10ml small bottle, sealing the bottle for storage, then putting the bottle into a damp-heat sterilizer for treatment at 121 ℃ for 30min, cooling after sterilization, and packaging to obtain the original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid.
Example 3 the original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid is prepared by the following steps:
(1) and (3) cultivating lucid ganoderma: according to the mass ratio, 55% of cassava stalk, 30% of cottonseed hull, 8% of wheat bran, 5% of corn flour and 2% of lime are used as raw materials to prepare a fungus bag with the size of 15 multiplied by 50cm, the fungus bag is sterilized at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, cooled to room temperature and inoculated, the inoculated fungus bag is placed in a darkroom environment for mycelium growth, the environment temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 50-60%; after growing for 30-40 days, the fruiting body growth period is started, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 27-30 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 85% -95%;
(2) enrichment of the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution: when the single sporophore enters the later growth stage, the pileus edge becomes thin, and the white part gradually disappears, the environmental humidity is increased to 95-100%, the temperature is 24-26 ℃, the water content in the mycelia is increased, the humidification is kept for 2-5 days, the water content of the lucid ganoderma is 30-40%, and the collection of the lucid ganoderma is started before the lucid ganoderma is sprayed;
(3) humidifying the lucid ganoderma sporocarp: cleaning the picked lucid ganoderma, putting the cleaned lucid ganoderma and water into a vacuum tank according to the mass ratio of the material to the water of 1:3, keeping the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank at-0.08 to (-)0.1Mpa, and humidifying for 10-20min to obtain the humidified lucid ganoderma, wherein the water content of the humidified lucid ganoderma is 40-70%;
(4) collecting the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: freezing the humidified Ganoderma at-20 deg.C for 1-3 days; pulverizing the frozen Ganoderma in a pulverizer for 1-2min, coarse filtering with 10-40 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 1; placing the filtrate 1 in a tubular centrifuge to centrifuge at the rotating speed of 18000r/min to obtain filtrate 2 and residual residues; soaking the residual residue with clean water at a material-water mass ratio of 1:5 for 20min, heating and steaming while stirring at 70-90 deg.C for 1 h; then carrying out coarse filtration of 10-40 meshes, removing filter residues, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 3; placing the filtrate 3 in a tubular centrifuge for centrifuging at the rotating speed of 18000r/min, and collecting clear liquid to obtain filtrate 4;
(5) and (3) concentrating the nutrient solution: concentrating the filtrate 4 in a vacuum concentrator at 55-60 deg.C under-0.08 to (-)0.1Mpa for 120min to obtain concentrated filtrate 4, wherein the concentration of soluble solid is 2-7% (measured by refractometer at 20 deg.C);
(6) mixing the nutrient solution: mixing the filtrate 2 and the concentrated filtrate 4 according to a ratio of 1:1 to obtain a ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution;
(7) filling and sterilizing the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: and (3) putting the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution into a 10ml small bottle, sealing the bottle for storage, then putting the bottle into a damp-heat sterilizer for treatment at 121 ℃ for 30min, cooling after sterilization, and packaging to obtain the original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method of original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) cultivating lucid ganoderma: according to the mass ratio, 50% of cassava stalk, 33% of cottonseed hull, 5% of wheat bran, 10% of corn flour and 2% of lime are used as raw materials to prepare a fungus bag, the fungus bag is sterilized at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, cooled to room temperature, inoculated, and placed in a darkroom environment for mycelium growth, the environment temperature is controlled to be 25-28 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 50-60%; after growing for 30-40 days, the fruiting body growth period is started, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 27-30 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 85% -95%;
(2) enrichment of the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution: when the sporocarp enters the later growth stage, the edge of the pileus becomes thin, and the white part begins to disappear gradually, at the moment, the thallus grows slowly, the environmental humidity is increased to 95-100%, the environmental temperature is 24-26 ℃, the moisture content in the thallus is increased, the humidification is kept for 2-5 days, the moisture content of the lucid ganoderma is 30-40%, and the collection of the lucid ganoderma is started before the powder spraying of the lucid ganoderma;
(3) humidifying the lucid ganoderma sporocarp: cleaning the picked Ganoderma, humidifying the cleaned Ganoderma in a vacuum tank to obtain humidified Ganoderma with water content of 40-70%; the specific conditions of humidification are as follows: placing the cleaned Ganoderma and water in a vacuum tank at a material-water mass ratio of 1:3-6, wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank is-0.08 to-0.1 Mpa, and the humidifying time is 10-20 min;
(4) collecting the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: freezing the humidified Ganoderma at-20 deg.C for 1-3 days; pulverizing the frozen Ganoderma in a pulverizer for 1-2min, coarse filtering with 10-40 mesh sieve, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 1; placing the filtrate 1 in a tubular centrifuge for centrifugation to obtain a filtrate 2 and residual residues; soaking the residue in clean water for 10min-20min, heating and steaming while stirring at 70-90 deg.C for 1-3 hr; then carrying out coarse filtration of 10-40 meshes, removing filter residues, and collecting filtrate to obtain filtrate 3; placing the filtrate 3 in a tubular centrifuge for centrifugation, and collecting clear liquid to obtain filtrate 4; in the step (4), the centrifugal rotation speed of the filtrate 1 and the filtrate 3 is 15000-; the mass ratio of the materials to the water when the residue in the step (4) is soaked is 1: 5;
(5) and (3) concentrating the nutrient solution: concentrating the filtrate 4 in a vacuum concentrator at 55-60 deg.C under-0.08 to-0.1 Mpa for 30-120min to obtain a concentrated filtrate 4, wherein the concentration of soluble solid is 2-7% and is determined by refractometer at 20 deg.C;
(6) mixing the nutrient solution: mixing the filtrate 2 and the concentrated filtrate 4 according to a ratio of 1:1 to obtain a ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution;
(7) filling and sterilizing the lucid ganoderma nutrient solution: and (3) putting the ganoderma lucidum nutrient solution into a 10ml small bottle, sealing the bottle for storage, then putting the bottle into a damp-heat sterilizer for treatment at 121 ℃ for 30min, cooling after sterilization, and packaging to obtain the original ecological ganoderma lucidum oral liquid.
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| CN100535016C (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2009-09-02 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | Preparation process of lucid ganoderma polysaccharide |
| CN102578349A (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2012-07-18 | 何松庆 | Pressed candies added with fresh glossy ganoderma full-juice powder |
| CN102870595A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-01-16 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Artificial cultivation method capable of realizing highland cultivation of wild ganoderma tsugae murr |
| CN102824377B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-07-02 | 福建省健神生物工程有限公司 | Method for extracting functional ingredients from lucid ganoderma sporocarp |
| CN102920749B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-06-18 | 广西仙草堂制药有限责任公司 | Method for preparing fully-effective ganoderma lucidum health care product |
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