CN106197584A - A kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array and method - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197584A CN106197584A CN201610654639.0A CN201610654639A CN106197584A CN 106197584 A CN106197584 A CN 106197584A CN 201610654639 A CN201610654639 A CN 201610654639A CN 106197584 A CN106197584 A CN 106197584A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
- G01F1/661—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters using light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array and method, including sensor unit and the single-chip microcomputer being attached thereto；Sensor unit includes 8 pairs of laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies, speed probe and obliquity sensor；Calculate corn by single-chip microcomputer intervalometer and block the time of 8 pairs of sensor emission light, calculate the corn volume of operation process in conjunction with scraper plate tachometer；Utilize obliquity sensor to measure the inclination angle of elevator scraper plate simultaneously, compensate the measurement error caused because of ground injustice；Inputted corn density by keyboard circuit, calculate the mass flow of corn unit interval in conjunction with the corn stereometer having calculated that；Described single-chip microcomputer calculates cereal flow information according to the information that sensor assembly is measured and is saved in memory module, is shown in real time by display.The present invention adapts to the corn under varying environment and measures, it is achieved accurately measure the noncontact of cereal flow in drag-flight elvator scraper plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural machinery field of measuring technique, particularly to a kind of combined harvester grain flow measurement device
And method.
Background technology
Along with the development of precision agriculture, by the research to agricultural land soil situation Yu productivity effect, improve soil productivity,
The input of regulation field-crop, it is achieved reach equal or higher income with minimum cost.Cereal flow monitoring device is essence
Quasi-agricultural provides managerial data and decision-making foundation.Combined harvester in operation process the flow measurement of corn by processing temperature
Height, vibration noise is big, and the out-of-flatness of earth's surface, paddy field and the miscellaneous remaining interference factor of straw are many, and sensor probe easily adsorbs the impacts such as dust
Certainty of measurement, is therefore developed to device accurate, stably measured cereal flow significant.
Chinese scholars has carried out many trials for the measurement apparatus of photoelectric type corn flow transducer, and its principle is logical
Cross measurement corn and electro-optical pickoff transmitting light is blocked measure of time, block time reckoning by calculating and go out the activity duration
Under the corn volume that flows through, calculate cereal flow by the time interval set (or in machine correspondence course spacing).Its
Metering system is non-cpntact measurement, is not affected by processing temperature, grain moisture, adapts to the working environment that farmland is complicated.In order to carry
High measurement accuracy, controller pre-enters corn density p parameter, determines calibrating parameters according to the distribution of corn, to data on flows
It is modified.
The RDS Ceres II System that CLAAS company of Germany develops, uses photo-electric to survey and produces principle, its measurement device
When corn blocks emitter light under defeated grain blade drives, the break period that measuring beam is blocked calculates corn volume, logical
Cross the corn volume that units of measurement time internal coiling carrier passes through, manual measurement corn density before operation, and it is input to main
In control, calculate corn real-time quality flow.
In " positive displacement cereal flow transducer experimental study based on photovoltaic principals " Li Min praise etc. designed and developed based on
The combined harvester grain yield monitor system of photo-electric, uses 89C2051 single-chip microcomputer as master controller, fills at the defeated grain of corn
Putting interior installation elevator scraper plate, scraper plate both sides are installed correlation photoelectric sensor and are measured corn volume, and optoelectronic information passes through 555 cores
The schmidt trigger signal that sheet is constituted is to single-chip microcomputer external interrupt timing, and temporal information is converted into stream by nominal data by single-chip microcomputer
Amount information；Its device utilizes rotation code-disc simulation cereal flow in laboratory, is analyzed sensor accuracy class.
Apparatus for measuring cereal flow and survey product method (CN101248721) of combined harvester disclose one and utilize pulse
The measurement apparatus of the flow measuring corn of measurement wheel, is calculated by the number scraping web wheel filling grain in the units of measurement time
Cereal flow, and measure the air humidity impact on cereal moisture percentage.
Cereal flow transducer (CN101368835) based on photoelectric encoder discloses a kind of photoelectric encoder formula corn
Flow transducer, uses connecting shaft bearing-ring device, is connected with stress bearing by photoelectric encoder, utilizes the deflection angle displacement of the collar to survey
Amount flow signal.
Having investigated photoelectric flow rate transducer both domestic and external, external photo-electric flow measurement device is because of technical protection not
To domestic disclosure, its product does not adapt to domestic combined harvester and complicated working environment；Domestic photo-electric flow
Measurement apparatus certainty of measurement is low does not accounts for farmland complex environment；Published research uses single visible ray or infrared more
Emitter, its easy dust stratification of popping one's head in affects certainty of measurement.Feature for domestic combined harvester grain conveying machine structure, it is contemplated that cropper
Complicated working environment, flow measuring sensor laser probe is the generating laser that penetration power is strong, reduce straw miscellaneous more than cause
Impact；Install for combined harvester body sway corn skewness and be distributed, with corn, the sensor adapted, and use
Laser array formula sensor provides compensating approach error to the error that corn skewness causes, by studying defeated grain device elevator
Device rotating speed and scraper plate corn process imaging analysis；Road each to array-type sensor information carries out parameter setting, improves certainty of measurement.
Design is easily installed, simple in construction, the apparatus for measuring cereal flow that measurement performance is stable.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of grain flow-measuring based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array dress
Putting and method, the technical scheme of employing is as follows:
A kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array, including sensor unit and monolithic
Machine；Described sensor unit includes several laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies, obliquity sensor and speed probe；Described
Laser opposite-radiation sensor array, obliquity sensor and speed probe are all connected with described single-chip microcomputer；
Several laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies described are positioned at X-Y plane and respectively along X-direction and Y-axis side
To layout, including discharger and reception device；Described X-Y plane is with to scrape board plane parallel, and X-axis is along the scraper plate lower left corner to right
The diagonal at upper angle, Y-axis is along the scraper plate lower right corner to upper left corner diagonal；Described discharger is Laser emission
Device, is arranged on elevator inwall by connecting support；Described reception device is light sensitive diode, is arranged on by connecting support
On elevator inwall, described light sensitive diode exports high level when not having optical signal to input；
Described obliquity sensor is used for measuring elevator inclination angle, and described speed probe is used for measuring elevator driving wheel
Rotating speed；
Described single-chip microcomputer is by the time of intervalometer record light sensitive diode output high level, according to the shifting of elevator scraper plate
Dynamic velometer calculates along X-axis, the corn height of Y direction each road laser opposite-radiation sensor array correspondence measured zone；Institute
State the area size that single-chip microcomputer is measured always according to every road laser opposite-radiation sensor array, it is thus achieved that X, Y-direction each road laser pair
Penetrate the volume of formula sensor array corresponding region corn；Described single-chip microcomputer is by realizing the summation of each road measured zone corn volume
Measurement to cereal flow.
Further, described obliquity sensor is arranged on described connection support；Described speed probe uses Hall rotating speed
Sensor, is arranged on elevator driving wheel.
Further, the sensor that X-direction is arranged is uniformly distributed, and number is 4；The sensor that Y direction is arranged is uniform
Distribution, number is 4；Elevator scraper plate can be divided into by the sensor of described X-direction and the sensor of described Y direction
32 parts.
Further, the output of described light sensitive diode delivers to described single-chip microcomputer after signal processing circuit processes；Institute
State what signal processing circuit included being sequentially connected: the electric current I/ voltage U conversion circuit that is made up of operational amplifier A, operation amplifier
The low-frequency filter circuit of device B composition, the amplifying circuit that is made up of adjustable resistance R8 and operational amplifier C.
Further, also include that keyboard circuit, described keyboard circuit are connected with described single-chip microcomputer, input paddy by keyboard circuit
Thing density, single-chip microcomputer calculates the mass flow of corn according to corn density and volume flow information.
Further, also include that liquid crystal display, described liquid crystal display are connected with described single-chip microcomputer, show receipts in real time
Obtain the cereal flow information of machine operation information and measurement.
The invention allows for a kind of grain flow-measuring method based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array, including as follows
Step:
S1, two groups of laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies are separately mounted to the left and right sides of elevator scraper plate, i.e. horizontal plane
X-direction and Y-direction, X-direction is vertical with Y-direction, the discharger of laser opposite-radiation sensor array and receive device one by one
Correspondence is installed and launches light and scraper plate horizontal parallel；Cereal kernel in elevator scraper plate at the uniform velocity be transported to silo, when
Corn can block, through laser opposite-radiation sensor array, corn, the laser that discharger is launched along elevator moving direction
Light:
The light that X-direction is launched is blocked by the corn being distributed along X positive direction, and X-direction sensor receives device not light letter
Number input then exports high level, and high level information is given single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record corn after signal processing circuit processes and blocked
Time, laser opposite-radiation sensor array in X direction is evenly distributed on X-direction, and the corn of different volumes distribution can make along right
The reception device output high-low level time that direction installs is answered to change, by single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record high level time, with
This measures grain stream in X direction respectively；
The light that Y-direction is launched is blocked by the corn being distributed along Y-direction, and Y-direction sensor receives device does not has optical signal
Input then export high level, high level information through signal processing circuit process after give single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record corn block time
Between, the laser opposite-radiation sensor array along Y-direction is uniformly distributed in the Y direction, and the corn of different volumes distribution can make along corresponding
The laser pickoff output high-low level time that direction is installed changes, and measures the grain stream along Y-direction respectively with this；
S2, by single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record two groups receive device beam signal block the time, scrape according to elevator
The translational speed of plate can calculate measurement along X, the paddy of Y-direction each road laser opposite-radiation sensor array correspondence measured zone
Thing height；The area size measured further according to every road laser opposite-radiation sensor array, it is possible to obtain X, Y-direction each road laser
The volume of correlation sensor array corresponding region corn, by realizing grain stream the summation of each road measured zone corn volume
The measurement of amount；
Further, the sensor in described X-direction and the sensor in described Y-direction are respectively set to 4 tunnels.
Further, step S2 also includes:
S2.1, elevator inclination angle by the obliquity sensor surveying record operating area on X and Y-direction, according to elevator
In the device tilt angle calculation unit interval, corn volume equivalence is blocked time q (t): q (t)=(θxX)A(θyY)；Wherein:
X=(x1(t) x2(t) x3(t) x4(t))
Y=(y1(t) y2(t) y3(t) y4(t))T
θ x is the inclination angle in X-direction, and θ y is the inclination angle in Y-direction；Matrix X is 4 different installation sites of X-direction
Reception device high level output time value xi(t), i=1,2,3,4；Matrix Y is connecing of 4 different installation sites of Y-direction
Receiving apparatus high level output time value yi(t), i=1,2,3,4；A, b, c, d parameter in coefficient matrices A be in X direction, Y side
The most adjacent interval between laser opposite-radiation sensor array；
S2.2, the rotary speed information recorded according to the speed probe being arranged on elevator driving wheel, calculate corn body
Long-pending flow Q (t): Q (t)=2 π n*R*q (t)；Wherein, n is the rotating speed of defeated grain elevator driving wheel；R is elevator driving wheel half
Footpath.
Further, the method also including the corn imaging during measuring: utilize the laser being uniformly arranged on diverse location
The Grain distribution of zones of different on correlation sensor array record scraper plate, by docking receiving apparatus output high level time with
Measure the calculating of position, corn can be carried out process analysis imaging technique process, rebuild corn distribution on scraper plate；Concrete place
Reason method is as follows:
Crop elevator scraper plate is divided into by the distribution launching light by X-direction, Y-direction laser opposite-radiation sensor array
Whether 16 center subregions and 16 edge subregions, have corn to be measured the laser in direction by correspondence in the subregion of each center
Sensor xi and yi determines jointly, when the reception device output of the sensor xi and sensor yi of single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record while
During for high level, then the transmitting light of this region (xi, yi) is blocked completely by corn, illustrates that region (xi, yi) has corn to cover；
16 corresponding edge subregions, described edge subregion is with the edge subregion letter of its adjacent area left and right sides
Number presence or absence determine whether this edge subregion has corn to cover.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the present invention can make combined harvester obtain accurate cereal flow information, for agriculture under complicated working environment
Operation Yield mapping in field is drawn provides technical support.It is real that flow measurement device can carry out precision under laboratory and field conditions
Shi Jiaozheng, revises flow measurement parameter by key-press module, reduce that corn density, ground is uneven, straw miscellaneous more than the error that causes；
Shorten the R&D cycle of cereal flux detection device, improve precision and the stability of device.
2, in laser array formula sensor, the easy dust stratification of emergent light transmitting probe affects certainty of measurement, uses penetration power strong
Generating laser, reduce straw miscellaneous more than the impact that causes.Install and corn for harvest machinery body sway corn skewness
It is distributed the sensor adapted, and the error using laser array formula sensor to cause corn skewness provides compensating approach
Error, carries out parameter setting by measuring defeated grain device elevator scraper plate rotating speed.Utilize corn process imaging analysis techniques simultaneously
Carrying out elevator scraper plate grain analysis, during inciting somebody to action, area summation in corn distributed areas on elevator scraper plate, calculates instantaneous corn
Flow, reduces measurement error.
3, laser array formula flow transducer is non-cpntact measurement, and apparatus structure is simple, not by processing temperature, grain moisture
Impact, adapts to the working environment that farmland is complicated.Sensor array laser array formula sensor from X and Y-direction is uniformly distributed, can
Obtain corn distributed intelligence in X, Y-direction, provide foundation for the distribution of process imaging analysis corn.Gyro sensor measures elevator
Inclination angle in X that device causes when ground out-of-flatness, Y-direction, as volume flow Error Calculation compensating parameter, and measure
Inclination angle can be as ground out-of-flatness information.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is laser array formula grain flow-measuring schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is principle of the invention block diagram；
Fig. 3 is laser opposite-radiation array sensor device schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is sensor output signal processing circuit figure；
Fig. 5 is that corn process analysis imaging technique processes schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is grain flow-measuring program flow diagram；
Fig. 7 is grain flow-measuring display interface.
Labelling in figure: 1--X direction sensor discharger, 1-1--X direction sensor receives device, inclination angle, 2--X direction
Sensor, 3--Y direction sensor discharger, 3-1--Y direction sensor receives device, 4--Y direction obliquity sensor, 5--
Elevator scraper plate, 6--seed heap, 7--corn defeated grain elevator, 8--elevator conveyer belt, 9--elevator driving wheel, 10 suddenly
That speed probe.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of laser array formula apparatus for measuring cereal flow and method, overcomes Traditional photovoltaic formula sensor
The problem uneven for scraper plate Grain distribution, probe dust stratification measurement error is big, the cereal flow of measurement is accurate, can be with online assignment
During to scraper plate corn distribution reappear.
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the apparatus for measuring cereal flow of the present invention includes laser array formula apparatus for measuring cereal flow
X-direction sensor emission device 1 and Y-direction sensor emission device 3 in X-Y plane launch laser to elevator scraper plate 5
Two groups of laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies, elevator scraper plate speed probe 10, elevator X-direction obliquity sensor 2, Y-directions
Obliquity sensor 4 and single-chip microcomputer, key-press module and LCD liquid crystal display.Described laser opposite-radiation sensor array is by letter
Number process circuit be connected with described single-chip microcomputer, described elevator scraper plate speed probe 10, X-direction obliquity sensor 2, Y-direction
Obliquity sensor 4, described keyboard circuit and described LCD liquid crystal display are all connected with described single-chip microcomputer.
By installing elevator scraper plate 5 on the elevator conveyer belt 8 of combined harvester grain defeated grain elevator 7, by Z side
The seed heap 6 transmitted in scraper plate to vertical elevator is transported in tanker.Wherein, X-Y plane is with to scrape board plane parallel, and Z axis is just
Direction is the elevator scraper plate direction of motion, and X-axis is the diagonal along the scraper plate lower left corner to the upper right corner, and Y-axis is right along scraper plate
Inferior horn is to upper left corner diagonal.
As it is shown on figure 3, be respectively mounted 4 groups of laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies, described sensing in X-direction and Y-direction both sides
Device includes discharger and receives device, and discharger (includes X-direction sensor emission device 1 and Y-direction sensor emission dress
Put 3) it is arranged on elevator inwall by connection support, receive device and (include that X-direction sensor receives device 1-1 and Y-direction passes
Sensor receives device 3-1) it is arranged on elevator inwall by connection support.Wherein the laser sensor of X-direction and Y-direction is equal
Even distributing installation, is divided into equal portions area to be easy to integration summation operation by scraper plate cross section, and the corn obtaining corresponding squeegee fields divides
Cloth information.The discharger of laser opposite-radiation sensor array is parallel with elevator scraper plate in the horizontal direction with reception device, it is ensured that
Laser light incident light covers the seed of scraper plate both sides, and incident illumination is vertical with the corn direction of motion.When scraper plate grain transportation is through too drastic
During light correlation sensor array, continuous print seed stream can block the light beam letter of the discharger of laser opposite-radiation sensor array
Number, the reception device of laser opposite-radiation sensor array does not has light signal incident, and output voltage generation low and high level changes, root
According to intervalometer record output voltage low and high level transformation period.Device output voltage is received by units of measurement time inner sensor
The time of low and high level change, calculating corn volume flow, whole device is arranged on Ji Liangkou, easily installs and does not results in corn
Blocking, can realize non-cpntact measurement.
The method and the process that utilize described laser array formula cereal flow transducer measurement device cereal flow include the following:
Two groups of laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies are separately mounted to the left and right sides (X-direction of horizontal plane of elevator scraper plate
And Y-direction, X-direction is vertical with Y-direction), the discharger of laser opposite-radiation sensor array and reception device one_to_one corresponding peace
Dress and launch light and scraper plate horizontal parallel, cereal kernel in elevator scraper plate at the uniform velocity be transported to silo, when corn edge
Elevator moving direction, i.e. Z-direction (Z-direction is vertical with X, Y place plane) move across laser opposite-radiation array sensing
During device, corn can block the light absorbing Laser emission.
The light that X-direction is launched is blocked by the corn being distributed along X positive direction, and X-direction sensor receives device not light letter
Number input then exports high level, and when not having corn to block in X direction, X-direction receives device has optical signal to export low electricity when inputting
Flat；The amplified processing circuit processes of high level information blocks the time to single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record corn, x in X direction1,x2,
x3,x44 road laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies be evenly distributed on X-direction, the corn of different volumes distribution can make along correspondence direction
The reception device output high-low level time installed changes, by single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record high level time, with this respectively
Measure grain stream in X direction.
The light that Y-direction is launched is blocked by the corn being distributed along Y-direction, and Y-direction sensor receives device does not has optical signal
Input then export high level, along Y-direction do not have corn to block time, Y-direction receive device have optical signal to input then output low level；
The amplified processing circuit processes of high level information blocks the time to single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record corn, along the y of Y-direction1,y2,y3,
y44 road laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies be uniformly distributed in the Y direction, different volumes distribution corn can make along correspondence direction pacify
The laser pickoff output high-low level time of dress changes, and measures the grain stream along Y-direction respectively with this.
The time is blocked, according to elevator scraper plate by the beam signal of two groups of single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record reception devices
Translational speed can calculate measurement along X, the corn of Y-direction each road laser opposite-radiation sensor array correspondence measured zone
Highly；The peak width that the most known every road laser opposite-radiation sensor array is measured, it is possible to obtain X, Y-direction each road laser pair
Penetrate the volume of formula sensor array corresponding region corn, by realizing the summation of each road measured zone corn volume to cereal flow
Measurement.Tilted by the elevator of X-direction obliquity sensor 2 and Y-direction obliquity sensor 4 surveying record operating area simultaneously
Angle, compensates the error caused because of the out-of-flatness of soil, farmland, and in the unit interval, the equivalence of corn volume blocks the calculating of time q (t) such as
Under:
X=(x1(t) x2(t) x3(t) x4(t)) (1)
Y=(y1(t) y2(t) y3(t) y4(t))T (2)
Q (t)=(θxX)A(θyY) (4)
In formula: θ x is the inclination angle in X-direction, θ y is the inclination angle in Y-direction；Matrix X is 4 of X-direction not Tongan City
Time value xi (respectively x1, x2, x3, x4) receiving device high level output of holding position, matrix Y is 4 differences of Y-direction
Time value yi (respectively y1, y2, y3, y4) receiving device high level output of installation site, a in coefficient matrices A, b, c,
D parameter is the interval between laser opposite-radiation sensor array adjacent in X, Y-direction, and q (t) is that on scraper plate, corn blocks
Equivalent time；θ x, the θ measured by X and Y-direction obliquity sensoryAs the penalty coefficient of elevator heeling error, by list
X-direction corn height value in bit time (being obtained with scraper plate translational speed by matrix X) and Y-direction corn height value (by matrix Y and
Scraper plate translational speed obtains) go out the sensor array unit interval with the product read group total of measured zone width (coefficient matrices A)
The equivalent time of the interior corn volume blocked by corn.
The discharger of laser opposite-radiation sensor array is generating laser, selects wavelength 650nm, the band of power 3mW
Drive circuit for laser and the semiconductor laser of automatic power control circuit (APC), its operating ambient temperature range width, performance
Stable；The reception device of laser opposite-radiation sensor array is light sensitive diode 2CU2D, and photoelectric current can recognize that not less than 80uA's
Signal inputs, and the photosignal for the input of single-chip processor i/o mouth is weak, devises signal processing circuit, as shown in Figure 4, and signal warp
Amplify after the electric current I/ voltage U conversion circuit being made up of operational amplifier A, through the low frequency filtering electricity of operational amplifier B composition
The error caused more than road removal straw is miscellaneous, is arranged amplification regulation output threshold value by adjustable resistance R8 and operational amplifier C, will
Output signal passes to STM32 single-chip microcomputer intervalometer.8 pairs of sensor array signal outputs on the X used and Y-direction, each
Single-chip microcomputer intervalometer is given in road sensor output after the signal processing circuit shown in Fig. 4 processes, it is achieved corn blocks laser signal
Time receiving terminal output high level change time timing；Corn volume flow is calculated by the volume flow being scaled under the unit interval
Amount；Corn volume flow Q (t) is calculated by formula (5):
Q (t)=2 π n*R*q (t) (5)
In formula: n is the rotating speed (unit r/s) of defeated grain elevator driving wheel；R is elevator driving wheel radius.Corn unit
The transfer rate of time can be obtained by measuring elevator scraper plate rotating speed.Elevator scraper plate rotating speed is a weight of grain flow-measuring
Wanting parameter, corresponding different elevator scraper plate rotating speed, the size of cereal flow also has the biggest difference.Elevator during actual cut
Scraper plate rotating speed is basically unchanged, but the change of small rotating speed can directly affect the precision of cereal flow transducer.Therefore use
Hall revolution speed transducer 10 measures elevator scraper plate 5 rotating speed, and described Hall revolution speed transducer is arranged on elevator driving wheel 9.
Elevator scraper plate rotating speed blocks time q (t) with corn volume equivalence in the unit interval to be multiplied the seed that can draw in the unit interval
Grain volume flow Q (t).
The method of process analysis corn imaging measured by corn: utilize the correlation laser sensing being uniformly arranged on diverse location
The Grain distribution of zones of different on device record scraper plate, by the time of docking receiving apparatus and the calculating measuring position, can be to corn
Carry out process analysis imaging technique process, rebuild corn distribution on scraper plate.Processing method as it is shown in figure 5, press X, Y-direction swash
Light correlation sensor array is launched the distribution of light and crop elevator scraper plate is divided into 16 center subregions and 16 limits
Edge subregion, whether every sub regions area is it is known that there is corn to be measured the laser in direction by correspondence in the subregion of each center
Sensor xiAnd yiJointly determine, as a example by (x1, y1) subregion, when reception device x1, the y1 output that single-chip microcomputer intervalometer is corresponding
When being high level simultaneously, i.e. (x1) && (y1)==1, then (x1, y1) region is true, and corn distributed areas (x1, y1) is effective, should
Field emission light is blocked completely by corn, illustrates that (x1, y1) region has corn to cover.
16 corresponding edge subregions, according to the shape of the realistic model of elevator scraper plate motion, i.e. elevator scraper plate,
Area and the direction of motion, corn shape presses corn heap shape adjacent distributions, it is common that irregular cone distribution, therefore sub-district, edge
Territory with the edge subregion signal of its adjacent area left and right sides with or without determining, as a example by x1 region, when single-chip microcomputer intervalometer pair
The reception device x1 answered, when y1, x2 output is high level simultaneously, i.e. [(x1) && (x2)] && [(x1) && (y1)]==1, then x1
Region is true, and this region and adjacent area are launched light and blocked completely by corn, illustrate that x1 region has corn to cover；Same
Y1 ' region, when the reception device y1 that single-chip microcomputer intervalometer is corresponding, when y2, x4 output is high level, i.e. [(y1) && simultaneously
(y2)] && [(y1) && (x4)]==1, then y1 ' region is true, and this region and adjacent area are launched light and hidden completely by corn
Gear, illustrates that y1 ' region has corn to cover.
Research finds when grain stream is bigger, and it is little that corn volume reaches maximum now measurement error；When cereal flow is less
Time scraper plate on Grain distribution is uneven causes measurement error big, therefore scraper plate upper valley thing cubing is divided into 32 communities
Between, utilize corn process imaging analysis techniques to carry out elevator scraper plate grain analysis, by the elevator scraper plate upper valley in operation process
The area summation of thing distributed areas, calculates instantaneous cereal flow, reduces measurement error.Each is measured, and orientation measurement is interval mutually closes
Connection, reduces error, improves certainty of measurement.
Corn mass flow is relevant with corn density, and the cereal kernel by key-press module (keyboard circuit) input operation is close
Degree, can draw the corn mass flow of unit interval.
M (t)=Q (t) * ρ (6)
In formula: M (t)--unit interval corn mass flow, ρ--seed density, by manual measurement before operation by button
Output is to single-chip microcomputer.
By manual measurement seed density ρ before operation, key-press module input seed density initial value；By single-chip microcomputer to paddy
Show at LCD liquid crystal display after the process of thing mass flow job information and store in memory module, its algorithm such as Fig. 6；Single
Sheet machine controller blocks the time by the corn of intervalometer record each road, No. 8 laser array sensor outputs, turns in conjunction with driver
Speed is measured subprogram and is measured the linear velocity of corn on scraper plate, compensates, by obliquity sensor, the heeling error that ground injustice causes.
Being combined liquid crystal display amendment input corn density, moisture content parameter by key-press module, preserving work data is farmland operation yield
Figure is drawn provides foundation.
Interfacial effect such as Fig. 7 of the laser array grain flow-measuring human-computer interaction device of design, sensor signal is passed through
Wire accesses single-chip processor i/o mouth, calculates corn real-time traffic, by liquid by singlechip controller record each road sensor information
Crystal display interface shows cropper job information and flow information in real time, keyboard circuit input corn density, calculates corn
Mass flow.And by functional mode, the job information in region, farmland is inquired about, revises and preserved by cropper.
Above-mentioned listed a series of detailed description is only for the feasibility embodiment of the present invention specifically
Bright, they also are not used to limit the scope of the invention, all equivalent implementations made without departing from skill of the present invention spirit
Or change should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array, it is characterised in that include sensor list
Unit and single-chip microcomputer；Described sensor unit includes that several laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies, obliquity sensor and rotating speed pass
Sensor；Described laser opposite-radiation sensor array, obliquity sensor and speed probe are all connected with described single-chip microcomputer；
Several laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies described are positioned at X-Y plane and respectively along X-direction and Y direction cloth
Put, including discharger and reception device；Described X-Y plane is with to scrape board plane parallel, and X-axis is along the scraper plate lower left corner to the upper right corner
Diagonal, Y-axis is along the scraper plate lower right corner to upper left corner diagonal；Described discharger is generating laser, logical
Cross connection support to be arranged on elevator inwall；Described reception device is light sensitive diode, is arranged on elevator by connecting support
On device inwall, described light sensitive diode exports high level there being corn to block constantly；
Described obliquity sensor is used for measuring elevator inclination angle, and described speed probe is for measuring turning of elevator driving wheel
Speed；
Described single-chip microcomputer is by the time of intervalometer record light sensitive diode output high level, according to the mobile speed of elevator scraper plate
Degree calculates along X-axis, the corn height of Y direction each road laser opposite-radiation sensor array correspondence measured zone；Described list
The area size that sheet machine is measured always according to every road laser opposite-radiation sensor array, it is thus achieved that X, Y-direction each road laser opposite-radiation
The volume of sensor array corresponding region corn；Described single-chip microcomputer is by realizing paddy the summation of each road measured zone corn volume
The measurement of logistics capacity.
A kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, described obliquity sensor uses acceleration gyroscope, is arranged on described connection support；Described speed probe uses
Hall revolution speed transducer (10), is arranged on elevator driving wheel (9).
A kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, the sensor that X-direction is arranged is uniformly distributed, and number is 4；The sensor that Y direction is arranged is uniformly distributed, number
It it is 4；Elevator scraper plate can be divided into 32 parts by the sensor of described X-direction and the sensor of described Y direction.
A kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levying and be, the output of described light sensitive diode delivers to described single-chip microcomputer after signal processing circuit processes；At described signal
Reason circuit includes being sequentially connected: the electric current I/ voltage U conversion circuit, the operational amplifier B that are made up of operational amplifier A form
Low-frequency filter circuit, the amplifying circuit being made up of adjustable resistance R8 and operational amplifier C.
A kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, also include that keyboard circuit, described keyboard circuit are connected with described single-chip microcomputer, input corn density by keyboard circuit,
Single-chip microcomputer calculates the mass flow of corn according to corn density and volume flow information.
A kind of apparatus for measuring cereal flow based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, also include that liquid crystal display, described liquid crystal display are connected with described single-chip microcomputer, for display cropper operation in real time
The cereal flow information of information and measurement.
7. a grain flow-measuring method based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array, it is characterised in that include the following:
S1, two groups of laser opposite-radiation sensor arraies are separately mounted to the left and right sides of elevator scraper plate, i.e. the X side of horizontal plane
To and Y-direction, X-direction is vertical with Y-direction, the discharger of laser opposite-radiation sensor array and receive device one_to_one corresponding peace
Fill and launch light and scraper plate horizontal parallel；Cereal kernel heap (6) in elevator scraper plate (5) at the uniform velocity be transported to silo,
When corn along elevator moving direction through laser opposite-radiation sensor array, what corn can block that discharger launches swashs
Light light:
The light that X-direction sensor emission device (1) is launched is blocked by the corn being distributed along X positive direction, and X-direction sensor receives
Device (1-1) does not has optical signal input then to export high level, and high level information gives single-chip microcomputer after signal processing circuit processes
Intervalometer record corn blocks the time, and laser opposite-radiation sensor array in X direction is evenly distributed on X-direction, different volumes
The corn of distribution can make the reception device output high-low level time installed along correspondence direction change, by single-chip microcomputer intervalometer
Record high level time, measures grain stream in X direction respectively with this；
The light that Y-direction sensor emission device (3) is launched is blocked by the corn being distributed along Y-direction, and Y-direction sensor receives dress
Putting (3-1) does not has optical signal input then to export high level, and it is fixed that high level information gives single-chip microcomputer after signal processing circuit processes
Time device record corn block the time, the laser opposite-radiation sensor array along Y-direction is uniformly distributed in the Y direction, and different volumes divides
The corn of cloth can make the laser pickoff output high-low level time installed along correspondence direction change, and measures edge respectively with this
The grain stream of Y-direction；
S2, by single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record two groups receive device beam signal block the time, according to elevator scraper plate
It is high that translational speed can calculate the corn measured along X, Y-direction each road laser opposite-radiation sensor array correspondence measured zone
Degree；The area size measured further according to every road laser opposite-radiation sensor array, it is possible to obtain X, Y-direction each road laser-correlation
The volume of formula sensor array corresponding region corn, by realizing cereal flow the summation of each road measured zone corn volume
Measure.
A kind of grain flow-measuring method based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array the most according to claim 7, it is special
Levying and be, the sensor in described X-direction and the sensor in described Y-direction are respectively set to 4 tunnels.
A kind of grain flow-measuring method based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array the most according to claim 8, it is special
Levying and be, step S2 also includes:
S2.1, by X-direction obliquity sensor (2) and Y-direction obliquity sensor (4) surveying record operating area elevator tilt
Angle, blocks time q (t) according to corn volume equivalence in the elevator tilt angle calculation unit interval: q (t)=(θxX)A(θyY)；Its
In:
X=(x1(t) x2(t) x3(t) x4(t))
Y=(y1(t) y2(t) y3(t) y4(t))T
θ x is the inclination angle in X-direction, and θ y is the inclination angle in Y-direction；Matrix X is connecing of 4 different installation sites of X-direction
Receiving apparatus high level output time value xi(t), i=1,2,3,4；Matrix Y is the reception dress of 4 different installation sites of Y-direction
Set high level output time value yi(t), i=1,2,3,4；A, b, c, d parameter in coefficient matrices A be in X direction, in Y-direction
The adjacent interval between laser opposite-radiation sensor array；
S2.2, the rotary speed information recorded according to the speed probe being arranged on elevator driving wheel (9), calculate corn volume
Flow Q (t): Q (t)=2 π n*R*q (t)；Wherein, n is the rotating speed of defeated grain elevator driving wheel；R is elevator driving wheel radius.
A kind of grain flow-measuring method based on laser opposite-radiation sensor array the most according to claim 7, it is special
Levy and be, the method also including the corn imaging during measuring: utilize the laser opposite-radiation battle array being uniformly arranged on diverse location
The Grain distribution of zones of different on sensor record scraper plate, by receiving time and the survey of device output high level to sensor
The calculating of amount position, can carry out process analysis imaging technique process to corn, rebuilds corn distribution on scraper plate；Concrete process
Method is as follows:
Crop elevator scraper plate is divided into 16 by the distribution launching light by X-direction, Y-direction laser opposite-radiation sensor array
Whether center subregion and 16 edge subregions, have corn to be measured the laser sensing in direction by correspondence in the subregion of each center
Device xi and yi determines jointly, when the reception device output of the sensor xi and sensor yi of single-chip microcomputer intervalometer record is high simultaneously
During level, then the transmitting light of this region (xi, yi) is blocked completely by corn, illustrates that region (xi, yi) has corn to cover；
16 corresponding edge subregions, described edge subregion is with the edge subregion signal of its adjacent area left and right sides
With or without determining whether this edge subregion has corn to cover.
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| CN107860431A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-30 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of measuring method for auger conveyor mass flow |
| CN107873233A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-04-06 | 江苏大学 | A kind of array infrared light electric-type apparatus for measuring cereal flow and method |
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| CN107860431A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-30 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of measuring method for auger conveyor mass flow |
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| CN108560380A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-21 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of remote sensing survey device |
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| CN109099995B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2023-11-10 | 江苏大学 | Laser correlation type grain flow monitoring experiment platform device and control method |
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| CN112556798B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2024-01-26 | 深圳电蚂蚁数据技术有限公司 | Flow measurement system and error verification method convenient for error verification |
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