CN108811696B - Combine harvester grain mass flow rate measurement device based on ultrasonic suspension - Google Patents
Combine harvester grain mass flow rate measurement device based on ultrasonic suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN108811696B CN108811696B CN201810643405.5A CN201810643405A CN108811696B CN 108811696 B CN108811696 B CN 108811696B CN 201810643405 A CN201810643405 A CN 201810643405A CN 108811696 B CN108811696 B CN 108811696B
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- ultrasonic
- suspension
- combine harvester
- mass flow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
- A01D41/127—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines
- A01D41/1271—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for measuring crop flow
- A01D41/1272—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for measuring crop flow for measuring grain flow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
- A01D41/127—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines
- A01D41/1277—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for measuring grain quality
Abstract
The invention discloses a combine harvester grain mass flow yield measurement device based on ultrasonic suspension, and belongs to the field of combine harvester field yield detection. The device comprises a data acquisition part, an acceleration sensor and a signal transmission processing part. The data acquisition part adopts a single-shaft ultrasonic standing wave suspension device, and the signal acquisition device is suspended in the air, so that the influence of the vibration of the harvester on the signal acquisition can be eliminated; grain impact signals collected by the acceleration sensor are amplified by the signal amplifier and then transmitted to the single chip microcomputer through the wireless transmitting chip, the single chip microcomputer obtains real-time grain flow through a certain algorithm, and grain yield is obtained by combining the cutting width and the advancing speed of the harvester and is stored in the storage unit. The device has high detection precision, and can accurately determine the yield of the field grains in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of field yield detection of a combine harvester, in particular to a grain mass flow yield measurement device of the combine harvester based on ultrasonic suspension.
Background
China is a large population country and also a large agricultural country, 22% of people in the world are cultivated and live by cultivated land which only accounts for 9% of the world, and the importance of food to China is self-evident. However, the management of farmlands, including the use of fertilizers and pesticides, by farmers is still in a stage of misuse, which not only affects the yield of grains, but also pollutes the environment and finally affects the human beings. For this reason, the implementation of precision agriculture nationwide is also gradually scheduled.
The precision agriculture is also called as fine agriculture and precision agriculture, is a modern agricultural production system based on information and knowledge management, utilizes a 3S technology and an automation technology to implement corresponding farming activities according to the spatial characteristics of farmlands, adjusts the input of crops, improves the crop yield, reduces the environmental pollution and realizes the organic unification of economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits.
The crop yield information is of great importance to the implementation of precision agriculture, the influence of farmland soil productivity conditions, fertilizer and pesticide use, meteorological conditions and the like on the crop yield can be directly obtained by researching the crop yield distribution in a space range and carrying out deep research and systematic analysis, accurate and proper field management is implemented on crops according to results, the crop yield is improved to the maximum extent, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Because the crop yield information is acquired in the operation process of the combine harvester, the crop flow flowing into the granary is detected in real time, and the farmland crop yield distribution information is obtained by combining the advancing speed, the cutting width and the position information of the combine harvester.
The impulse type grain mass flow rate production measuring device widely adopted at present utilizes a force sensor to acquire grain impact signals and obtains grain mass flow rate through a certain algorithm, but has the defects of weak output signals, poor system dynamic response and narrow linear range, and is influenced by severe noise and vibration generated during the operation of the combine harvester, so that the detection precision of a detection system is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a brand-new grain mass flow rate measuring device with high sensitivity, which is used for detecting the grain yield in real time in the operation process of the combine harvester, detecting the grain flow rate flowing into a grain bin in real time, and obtaining the yield distribution information of farmland crops by combining the advancing speed, the cutting width and the position information of the combine harvester, thereby creating conditions for the implementation of precision agriculture.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:
a combine-harvester grain mass flow production measuring device based on ultrasonic suspension comprises an acceleration sensor, a data acquisition part, a data transmission processing part and a data storage unit; a data acquisition part is arranged at a grain outlet of the combine harvester; grain impact signals acquired by an acceleration sensor in the data acquisition part are processed by a signal amplification circuit in the data transmission processing part and then transmitted to a single chip microcomputer through a wireless transmitting chip, and the single chip microcomputer obtains the flow of the field grains and stores the data in a data storage unit;
the data transmission processing part comprises a signal amplifying circuit, a wireless transmitting chip and a single chip microcomputer;
the data acquisition part comprises an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic transducer, an amplitude transformer, an ultrasonic transmitting end, an ultrasonic reflecting end and a suspension device; the ultrasonic transducer is sequentially and mechanically connected with the amplitude transformer and the ultrasonic transmitting end; a suspension ball in the suspension device is arranged between the ultrasonic transmitting end and the ultrasonic reflecting end; the suspension device comprises a suspension ball, and the left side and the right side of the suspension ball are respectively externally connected with one end of a first rigid rod and one end of a second rigid rod; the other end of the first rigid rod is connected with a first bearing plate; the other end of the second rigid rod is connected with a second bearing plate.
Furthermore, the signal amplification circuit, the wireless transmitting chip and the acceleration sensor are all installed on the second bearing plate.
Further, the mass of the first bearing plate is m1The mass of the first rigid rod is m2Length of l1The total mass of the second bearing plate, the battery, the acceleration sensor, the wireless transmitting chip and the signal amplifying circuit is m3Second rigid rod mass m4Length of l2(ii) a Then there is the following equilibrium equation: (m)1+m2)·l1＝(m3+m4)·l2。
Furthermore, the first rigid rod is provided with an anti-rotation device.
Further, the acceleration sensor is a piezoresistive acceleration sensor.
Further, the data storage unit is a CF card.
Further, in the equilibrium position, the upper and lower clearances between the first rigid rod and the rotation preventing device are each 1 mm.
Furthermore, the suspension device adopts a single-axis ultrasonic standing wave suspension device.
Further, the distance between the ultrasonic wave transmitting end and the ultrasonic wave reflecting end is the length of one ultrasonic wave length; the suspension ball is located at a half wavelength of the ultrasonic wavelength. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the grain impact signal acquisition is realized by the data acquisition part, and the suspension device is suspended in the air and has no supporting part, so that the grain impact response is extremely sensitive, and the detection precision can be greatly improved.
2. Because the floating ball is caught at the sound pressure node under the action of the sound field force, after grains impact, the floating ball can be quickly and automatically reset, the relative position of the sensor and the combine harvester is ensured not to be changed, and the measurement error is greatly reduced.
3. The device has a simple structure, improves the detection precision and ensures the control of the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the acceleration sensor and the signal transmission device related to fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart related to the present invention.
The reference numbers are as follows: 1. an ultrasonic power supply; 2. an ultrasonic transducer; 3. an amplitude transformer; 4. an ultrasonic wave transmitting end; 5. suspending the ball; 6. an ultrasonic wave reflection end; 7. a first bearing plate; 8. a second bearing plate; 9. a battery; 10. an acceleration sensor; 11. a wireless transmitting chip; 12. a signal amplification circuit; 13. a single chip microcomputer; 14. a data storage unit; 15. an anti-rotation device; 16. a first rigid rod; 17. a second rigid bar.
Detailed Description
The grain mass flow rate measuring and yield device of the combine harvester shown in the attached figure 1 comprises an acceleration sensor 10, a data acquisition part, a data transmission processing part and a data storage unit 14; under the support of the data acquisition part, the acceleration sensor 10 detects grain impact signals, the signals are amplified by the signal amplification circuit 12 and then sent to the single chip microcomputer 13 through the wireless transmitting chip 11, the single chip microcomputer 13 calculates grain flow in real time through a corresponding algorithm, and field grain yield is obtained by combining the cutting width and the advancing speed of the combine harvester.
The acceleration sensor 10 adopts a piezoresistive acceleration sensor, and obtains the inertia force generated by grain impact through measuring the acceleration of the suspension device, so as to obtain the real-time grain mass flow. The sensor has small volume, light weight and low power consumption, and is convenient to be matched with an acoustic suspension signal acquisition system for use.
The data acquisition part adopts a single-axis ultrasonic standing wave suspension device. The device comprises an ultrasonic power supply 1, an ultrasonic transducer 2, a variable amplitude rod 3, an ultrasonic transmitting end 4, a reflecting end 6 and a suspension device. Wherein, the ultrasonic transducer 2, the amplitude transformer 3 and the ultrasonic transmitting end 4 are mechanically connected. The ultrasonic power supply 1 is used for generating a high-frequency alternating current signal and driving the ultrasonic transducer 2 to work; the ultrasonic transducer 2 converts the electric power generated by the ultrasonic transmitter 1 into mechanical power (i.e. ultrasonic waves) and transmits the mechanical power; the amplitude transformer 3 is matched with the ultrasonic transducer 2 to increase the ultrasonic vibration amplitude, improve the vibration speed ratio, improve the efficiency and improve the mechanical quality factor; the ultrasonic wave is emitted out through the ultrasonic wave emitting end 4 and forms standing waves by matching with the ultrasonic wave reflecting surface 6.
After the standing wave is formed, sound pressure in the upper direction and the lower direction can be generated, and the sound pressure and the lower direction are distributed in a sine mode. The distance between the ultrasonic wave transmitting end 4 and the ultrasonic wave reflecting end 6 is the length of one wavelength, the place where the upward sound pressure and the downward sound pressure are staggered is called a sound pressure node, also called a sound hole, the sound pressure at the point is zero, and the suspension device can be firmly fixed near the point, so that the suspension device can be suspended.
The suspension device in the data acquisition part comprises a suspension ball 5, and a first rigid rod 16 and a second rigid rod 17 which are connected with the suspension ball 5 in an external mode and have different lengths, wherein the first rigid rod 16 and the second rigid rod 17 are connected with a first bearing plate 7 and a second bearing plate 8 in an external mode respectively, and static balance is performed on two end parts of the suspension ball 5 in advance. The grain impacts the first bearing plate 7 to generate inertia force to cause the suspension device to vibrate transversely, and acceleration signals generated by grain impact are collected by an acceleration sensor 10 on the second bearing plate 8 in real time.
In order to prevent the rotation of the suspension device caused by the impact of the grains, an anti-rotation device 15 is installed, and in the equilibrium position, the upper and lower clearances between the first rigid rod 16 and the anti-rotation device 15 are respectively 1 mm.
The data transmission processing part comprises a signal amplifying circuit 12, a wireless transmitting chip 11 and a singlechip 13. The data transmission processing part is used for converting grain impact signals acquired by the acceleration sensor 10 into grain yield information, and the signal amplification circuit 12 and the wireless transmitting chip 11 are installed on the second bearing plate 8 in the ultrasonic suspension data acquisition device, and are shown in the attached figure 2. The signal amplification circuit 12 amplifies grain impact signals collected by the acceleration sensor 10 and transmits the amplified grain impact signals to the wireless transmission chip 11, and the signals are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer 13 through wireless transmission and are processed.
The data storage unit 14 adopts a CF card, and the single chip microcomputer 13 obtains grain flow data and field grain yield information through calculation and stores the data into the CF card for corresponding field management aiming at results later.
The single chip microcomputer 13 obtains a force signal according to the acceleration signal through a certain algorithm, and then obtains the grain mass flow Q, and then obtains the real-time grain yield per unit area in the field in space by combining the cutting width and the advancing speed of the grain harvester:
wherein: qsThe yield of the grains per unit area in the field is shown; q is the grain flow detected by the detection system; v is the advancing speed of the grain harvester; d is the cutting width of the harvester.
The real-time grain output in field that detects to cereal flow detection device can obtain the distribution of field grain output, and then carries out the field management that adapts to the farmland, is favorable to the implementation of accurate agriculture.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A combine harvester grain mass flow production measuring device based on ultrasonic suspension is characterized by comprising a data acquisition part, a data transmission processing part and a data storage unit (14); a data acquisition part is arranged at a grain outlet of the combine harvester; grain impact signals acquired by an acceleration sensor (10) in the data acquisition part are processed by a signal amplification circuit (12) in the data transmission processing part and then transmitted to a single chip microcomputer (13) through a wireless transmission chip (11), and the single chip microcomputer (13) obtains the flow of field grains and stores the data in a data storage unit (14);
the data transmission processing part comprises a signal amplification circuit (12), a wireless transmitting chip (11) and a singlechip (13);
the data acquisition part comprises an ultrasonic power supply (1), an ultrasonic transducer (2), a variable amplitude rod (3), an ultrasonic transmitting end (4), an ultrasonic reflecting end (6) and a suspension device; the ultrasonic transducer (2) is sequentially and mechanically connected with the amplitude transformer (3) and the ultrasonic transmitting end (4); a suspension ball (5) in the suspension device is arranged between the ultrasonic transmitting end (4) and the ultrasonic reflecting end (6); the suspension device comprises a suspension ball (5), and the left side and the right side of the suspension ball (5) are respectively externally connected with one end of a first rigid rod (16) and one end of a second rigid rod (17); the other end of the first rigid rod (16) is connected with a first bearing plate (7); the other end of the second rigid rod (17) is connected with a second bearing plate (8).
2. The ultrasonic suspension-based grain mass flow yield measurement device of the combine harvester is characterized in that the signal amplification circuit (12), the wireless transmission chip (11) and the acceleration sensor (10) are all mounted on the second bearing plate (8).
3. Combine harvester grain mass flow production measuring device based on ultrasonic suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that the first bearing plate (7) has a mass m1The first rigid rod (16) has a mass m2Length of l1The total mass of the second bearing plate (8), the battery (9), the acceleration sensor (10), the wireless transmitting chip (11) and the signal amplifying circuit (12) is m3The second rigid bar (17) has a mass m4Length of l2(ii) a Then there is the following equilibrium equation: (m)1+m2)·l1＝(m3+m4)·l2。
4. An ultrasonic suspension-based combine harvester grain mass flow rate measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first rigid rod (16) is provided with an anti-rotation device (15).
5. An ultrasonic suspension based combine harvester grain mass flow rate measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the acceleration sensor (10) is a piezoresistive acceleration sensor.
6. An ultrasonic levitation based combine harvester grain mass flow rate measurement device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data storage unit (14) is a CF card.
7. An ultrasonic suspension based combine harvester grain mass flow rate measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that in the equilibrium position, the upper and lower clearances between the first rigid rod (16) and the anti-rotation device (15) are each 1 mm.
8. The ultrasonic suspension-based combine harvester grain mass flow yield measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the suspension device adopts a single-axis ultrasonic standing wave suspension device.
9. An ultrasonic suspension based combine harvester grain mass flow rate measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the ultrasonic wave emitting end (4) and the ultrasonic wave reflecting end (6) is one ultrasonic wavelength long; the suspension ball (5) is located at a half wavelength of the ultrasonic wavelength.
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| CN201810643405.5A CN108811696B (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | Combine harvester grain mass flow rate measurement device based on ultrasonic suspension |
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| WO2020261825A1 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | 株式会社クボタ | Combine |
| CN115031821A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-09 | 潍柴雷沃重工股份有限公司 | Photoelectric yield measurement system and method based on vehicle body inclination correction and harvester |
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| SU1377653A1 (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1988-02-28 | Ленинградский сельскохозяйственный институт | Method of estimating technical condition of agricultural machine mechanism with crank drive |
| US5343761A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1994-09-06 | Allen Myers | Method and apparatus for measuring grain mass flow rate in harvesters |
| CN1695419A (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2005-11-16 | 上海交通大学 | Intelligent system for measuring yield based on remote data transmission |
| CN103404300B (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-08-26 | 江苏大学 | Equalizer bar impact type Combine Harvester Grain flow measurement device and grain flow-measuring method |
| US9578808B2 (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2017-02-28 | Deere & Company | Multi-sensor crop yield determination |
| CN106856808A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Combine Harvester Grain flow detector and measuring method |
| CN107680455B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2020-02-14 | 西北工业大学 | Ultrasonic suspension device adopting super-hydrophobic reflection end to load water drops and experimental method |
| CN107637262B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2021-06-01 | 南京农业大学 | Yield measurement system applied to grain combine harvester and yield measurement method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20210702 Address after: 2081, building a, 88 Jianghai West Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214000 Patentee after: Wuxi Xiangyuan Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, 212013 Jingkou District Road No. 301 Patentee before: JIANGSU University |
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Effective date of registration: 20211028 Address after: 221316 No. 1 Zhangjiagang East Road, Yitang Town, Pizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Pizhou Binhe SME Management Service Co.,Ltd. Address before: 2081, building a, 88 Jianghai West Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214000 Patentee before: Wuxi Xiangyuan Information Technology Co.,Ltd. |