CN109099995B - Laser correlation type grain flow monitoring experiment platform device and control method - Google Patents
Laser correlation type grain flow monitoring experiment platform device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109099995B CN109099995B CN201810895345.6A CN201810895345A CN109099995B CN 109099995 B CN109099995 B CN 109099995B CN 201810895345 A CN201810895345 A CN 201810895345A CN 109099995 B CN109099995 B CN 109099995B
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 283
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000579971 Terebridae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013332 literature search Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser correlation grain flow monitoring experiment platform device and a control method, wherein the device comprises a frame, a grain inlet box, an adjustable grain outlet box, a grain outlet slideway, a feeding auger mechanism, an elevator, an angle adjusting mechanism of the elevator and a power mechanism, wherein the adjustable grain outlet box is arranged at the uppermost part of the frame, the grain inlet box is arranged above the auger, grains fall down by self gravity from the grain outlet box, enter the grain inlet box through the grain outlet slideway, then fall into the auger from the grain inlet box, enter the elevator under the pushing of the auger, are lifted by a scraper in the elevator, pass through a laser correlation flow sensor in the lifting process, and are finally thrown out by a grain outlet of the elevator; calibrating the flow sensor according to the grain weight reduction value measured by the weighing sensor at the bottom of the grain feeding box. According to the invention, the grains are recycled in the test bed, and when the grains need to be replaced, the direction of the grain outlet slide way is regulated, so that the grains are released to exit the cycle; the invention can also adjust the angle of the elevator and provide technical support for determining the optimal inclination angle of the elevator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural harvesting equipment, in particular to a grain flow sensor monitoring experiment platform device and a control method.
Background
When the grain harvester operates in the field, the harvest yield is monitored in real time, the influence of farmland information on grain growth and yield can be directly reflected, a yield map is generated after grain harvest is completed, farmers can be directly helped to know the yield information, information guidance is provided for next crop planting, and therefore the operation requirement of accurate agriculture is met. Thus, accurate detection of crop yield in the field by the grain flow sensor is a key factor in completing the yield map. Currently, cereal flow sensors are used in three main types: impact flow sensors, gamma ray flow sensors and photoelectric volumetric flow sensors. In order to better realize grain yield detection and avoid complex environmental conditions in the field, the development of a flow sensor experiment platform becomes the first choice.
Through technical literature search, the test bed designed by the test bed (patent number: 201110140962.3) of the grain flow sensor has a complete structure, basically reproduces an elevating system on a harvester, but does not realize cyclic utilization of experimental grains in the test bed, and the grains need to be added manually continuously, so that the test process is complicated, and the labor cost is increased. A grain flow detection test bed (patent number 201510862561.7) adopts a design structure which solves the problem of manually and continuously adding grains, but the design is not suitable for calibrating a laser correlation flow sensor. The existing grain detection test bed does not realize the function of adjusting the angle of the elevator, the influence of the angle change of the elevator on flow detection cannot be studied, the optimal installation position and angle of the flow sensor cannot be determined, the measurement accuracy is low, and the reliability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enhance the reliability and accuracy of a grain harvester flow monitoring system in China, the invention provides a grain combine harvester flow monitoring experiment platform with an adjustable elevator angle and a control method. The experimental platform is mainly used for determining the optimal inclination angle of the elevator and the mounting position and flow calibration of the laser correlation type grain flow sensor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a laser correlation cereal flow monitoring experiment platform device, comprising: the device comprises a frame, a grain inlet box, an adjustable grain outlet box, a feeding auger mechanism, an elevator angle adjusting mechanism, an adjustable grain outlet slideway and a power mechanism, wherein the grain inlet box, the adjustable grain outlet box, the feeding auger mechanism, the elevator angle adjusting mechanism, the adjustable grain outlet slideway and the power mechanism are arranged on the frame; the grain feeding box, the feeding auger mechanism, the elevator and the adjustable grain discharging box are mutually matched, so that grains in the grain feeding box can be sequentially fed into the adjustable grain discharging box under the drive of the feeding auger mechanism and the elevator, and the power mechanism can provide power for the feeding auger mechanism and the elevator; the adjustable grain outlet box, the grain outlet slide way and the grain inlet box are matched with each other, so that grains in the adjustable grain outlet box can fall into the grain box along the grain outlet slide way; the elevator angle adjusting mechanism can adjust the angle of the elevator to ensure that the grain outlet of the elevator is aligned with the adjustable grain outlet box; the grain outlet slideway can be pushed along the direction far away from the grain inlet box.
Further, the frame comprises a bottom plate, a grain inlet box supporting frame, an adjustable grain outlet box supporting frame, an angle adjusting mechanism supporting frame and a power mechanism supporting frame; a grain outlet slideway support is arranged on one side, close to the adjustable grain outlet tank support, of the grain inlet tank support, and a feeding auger support plate is arranged below the grain inlet tank support; the adjustable grain tank supporting frame is provided with a sliding guide rail carrying piece; the bottom of the floor is provided with supporting legs.
Further, the grain inlet box is positioned above the weighing sensor of the grain inlet box support frame; the adjustable grain outlet box is positioned on the adjustable grain outlet box supporting frame; the angle adjusting mechanism is positioned on the angle adjusting mechanism supporting frame; the power mechanism is positioned on the power mechanism supporting frame; one end of the grain outlet slideway is positioned at a grain outlet at the bottom of the adjustable grain outlet box, the other end of the grain outlet slideway is fixedly connected with the grain outlet slideway bracket in a detachable manner, and the other end of the grain outlet slideway corresponds to a grain inlet of the grain inlet box; the two ends of the feeding auger mechanism are supported by the feeding auger supporting plate; the bottom end of the elevator is connected with one end of the feeding auger mechanism through an auger shaft to realize coaxial rotation, and a grain outlet at the top end of the elevator is aligned with the adjustable grain outlet box; the auger shaft is driven by the power mechanism to rotate; the middle position of the elevator is connected with the angle adjusting mechanism, and the angle adjusting mechanism can rotate to adjust the angle.
Further, the grain inlet box comprises a grain inlet box body, a grain outlet is formed in the bottom of the grain inlet box body, and a first adjusting valve plate is arranged at the grain outlet; the grain outlet at the bottom of the grain inlet tank body is communicated with the grain inlet of the feeding auger mechanism, and the first adjusting valve plate can adjust the grain amount fed into the grain inlet tank and fed into the auger.
Further, the adjustable grain outlet box comprises a grain outlet box body; the bottom of the grain outlet box body is provided with a grain outlet; a second adjusting valve plate is arranged at a grain outlet at the bottom of the grain outlet box body; the bottoms of two sides of the grain outlet box body are provided with grain outlet box guide rail moving parts which can be matched with sliding guide rail carrying parts on the adjustable grain outlet box supporting frame so that the grain outlet box body can slide along the sliding guide rail carrying parts; the second adjusting valve plate can adjust the grain quantity of the grain outlet at the bottom of the adjustable grain outlet box.
Further, the top end of the feeding auger mechanism is provided with a grain inlet corresponding to a grain outlet at the bottom of the grain inlet box body; the bottom end of the feeding auger mechanism is provided with a grain discharging cover; and an auger shaft is arranged in the feeding auger mechanism and connected with the bottom end of the elevator.
Further, the elevator comprises an elevator shell, wherein a laser correlation flow sensor mounting frame and a rotating shaft mounting plate are arranged on the elevator shell; the rotating shaft mounting plate is connected with the angle adjusting mechanism;
the grain conveying device is arranged in the elevator and comprises a lower chain wheel, an upper chain wheel and a chain; a plurality of scraping plates are arranged on the chain; the lower chain wheel is coaxial with the auger shaft, the upper chain wheel is fixed above the inside of the elevator through a shaft, and the lower chain wheel can drive the upper chain wheel to rotate when rotating along with the auger shaft, so that the scraper on the chain is driven to move to bring grains in the elevator into the adjustable grain tank through the grain outlet of the elevator.
Further, the angle adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting hand wheel, an adjusting screw rod, an adjusting sliding block and a smooth rod; the adjusting hand wheel is connected with the adjusting screw rod, the adjusting screw rod is matched with the adjusting slide block through threads, the bottom surface of the adjusting slide block is positioned on a smooth rod parallel to the adjusting screw rod, a connecting rod is arranged on the top surface of the adjusting slide block, and the connecting rod is fixed with a rotating shaft mounting plate on the elevator; and the adjusting hand wheel is rotated to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, so that the adjusting slide block is driven to slide along the smooth rod, and the elevator is driven to rotate around the auger shaft through the connecting rod.
Further, the power mechanism comprises a stepping motor, a large belt pulley, a small belt pulley and a v-shaped belt; the stepping motor is positioned on the power mechanism supporting frame, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the small belt pulley, the small belt pulley is connected with the large belt pulley through the v-shaped belt, and the large belt pulley is arranged on an auger shaft extending out of the elevator; when the stepping motor works, the small belt pulley and the large belt pulley can drive the auger shaft to rotate in sequence, and then the lower chain wheel and the upper chain wheel inside the elevator are driven to rotate so as to realize up-and-down movement of the scraping plate.
The invention also provides a control method of the laser correlation cereal flow monitoring experiment platform device, which comprises the following steps: the 89C51 is used as a core to design a control circuit, signals are sent out through a starting key, after the signals are processed by a singlechip, trigger signals are sent out to a driver of the stepping motor, so that the stepping motor starts to operate at an initial speed after receiving the trigger signals of the driver, and the elevator is driven to work; the speed of the stepping motor can be continuously regulated through a speed increasing and decreasing key, the rotating speed of the elevator is measured by a Hall sensor arranged on the auger shaft, the linear speed of the scraper blade lifting is obtained after the elevator is processed by a single chip microcomputer, meanwhile, the angular speed of the elevator and the linear speed of the scraper blade are displayed in real time through a display module, and data are transmitted to other equipment through a can bus for use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention can freely adjust the included angle between the grain elevator and the horizontal plane, study the influence of angle change on the laser on the jet flow sensor, and determine the optimal inclination angle of the elevator and the installation position and angle of the sensor.
2. According to the invention, the grains can be recycled in the test bed, so that the manual loading and unloading of the grains are omitted, and the direction of the grain outlet slideway can be regulated when the grains need to be replaced, so that the grains exit the cycle; the experimental platform also has the function of adjusting the angle of the elevator, and provides technical support for determining the optimal inclination angle of the elevator.
3. The invention can also steplessly adjust the lifting speed of the elevator, and can display and transmit data in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the grain tank;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the grain discharging box;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a feed mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an elevator configuration;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an angle adjustment mechanism;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the connection of the angle adjustment mechanism to the elevator;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a powertrain architecture;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a grain delivery chute;
FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of a control circuit;
fig. 12 is a control display interface.
In the figure: 1 is a frame, 1a is a supporting leg, 1b is a bottom plate, 1c is an adjustable grain box support frame, 1d is a grain outlet slideway support, 1e is a grain inlet box support frame, 1f is a feeding auger mechanism mounting plate, 1g is a power mechanism support frame, 1h is an angle adjusting mechanism support frame, and 1i is a sliding guide rail bearing guide piece;
2 is a grain feeding box, 2a is a grain feeding box body, 2b is a first adjusting valve plate, and 2c is an installation turning iron;
3 is an adjustable grain discharging box, 3a is a guide rail moving piece, 3b is a grain discharging box body, and 3c is a second adjusting valve plate;
4 is a feeding auger mechanism, 4a is a feeding auger shell, 4b is an auger shaft, and 4c is a grain discharging cover;
5 is an elevator, 5a is an elevator shell, 5b is a rotating shaft mounting plate, 5c1 is a lower sprocket, 5c2 is an upper sprocket, 5d chain, 5e scraper and 5f laser correlation flow sensor mounting frame;
6 is an angle adjusting mechanism, 6a is an adjusting box, 6b is an adjusting slide block, 6c is an adjusting screw, 6d is a connecting rod, and 6e is an adjusting hand wheel;
7 is a power mechanism, 7a is a large belt pulley, 7b is a v-shaped belt, 7c is a small belt pulley, and 7d is a stepping motor
8 is a grain outlet slideway, 8a1 is a rotating shaft, 8a2 is a connecting pin;
9 is a weighing sensor;
and 10 is an auger shaft bracket.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-10, the experiment table device provided by the invention comprises a frame 1, a grain inlet box 2, an adjustable grain outlet box 3, a feeding auger mechanism 4, an elevator 5, an elevator angle adjusting mechanism 6, a weighing sensor 9, an adjustable grain outlet slideway 8 and a power mechanism 7, wherein the adjustable grain outlet box 3 is arranged on an adjustable grain outlet box support frame 1c, a grain outlet of the grain outlet box is connected with the grain outlet slideway 8 through a pin, the lower end of the grain outlet slideway 8 is fixed through a grain outlet slideway support frame 1d, and the grain inlet box 2 is arranged above the weighing sensor 9 of a grain inlet box support frame 1 e; the feeding auger mechanism 4 is positioned right below a grain inlet and a grain outlet of the grain tank and is fixed on the frame 1 through two feeding auger mechanism mounting plates 1f and an auger shaft bracket 10 on the frame 1; the lower end of the elevator 5 is connected with one end of a feeding auger, the middle part of the elevator is supported by an angle adjusting mechanism 6, and a laser correlation type flow sensor mounting frame 5f is arranged on an elevator shell 5 a; the elevator angle adjusting mechanism 6 is fixed on the angle adjusting mechanism supporting plate 1 h; the power mechanism 7 is fixed on the power mechanism support frame 1g, power is conveyed to the feeding auger and the elevator through the belt, the elevator 5 lifts grains upwards, the flow of the grains is detected through the laser correlation flow sensor in the lifting process, and finally the grains are thrown into the adjustable grain box 3 through the grain outlet of the elevator 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the frame 1 is sequentially provided with four base legs 1a, a bottom plate 1b, an adjustable grain box supporting frame 1c, a grain box entering supporting frame 1e, an angle adjusting mechanism supporting frame 1h, a power mechanism supporting frame 1g and a feeding auger mounting plate, wherein a sliding guide rail bearing guide piece 1i is arranged above the adjustable grain box supporting frame 1c, a weighing sensor 9 is arranged in the middle of four cross beams of the grain box entering supporting frame 1e, and a grain outlet slideway bracket 1d is welded on one of the cross beams.
The grain feeding box 2 is fixed above a weighing sensor 9 on a grain feeding box supporting frame 1e through four mounting bent irons 2c, a first adjusting valve plate 2b is arranged at a grain outlet at the bottom of the grain feeding box, and the feeding quantity of grains entering an auger can be controlled through the first adjusting valve plate 2 b. The feeding auger is fixed on the frame 1 through an auger mounting plate and an auger shaft support 10, and a grain unloading cover 4c is arranged below the auger, so that the impurity grains can be conveniently removed.
The adjustable grain discharging box 3 consists of a grain discharging box body 3b, a guide rail moving piece 3a and a second adjusting valve plate 3 c. The front and back sides of the upper part of the grain discharging box are provided with guide rail moving parts 3a which are matched with sliding guide rail bearing parts 1i on the frame, and can slide back and forth on the adjustable grain discharging box supporting frame 1c, so that grains can be ensured to smoothly enter the adjustable grain discharging box 3 after the angle of the elevator 5 is changed.
One end of the grain outlet slide way 8 is connected with the grain outlet through a rotating shaft 8a1, the other end of the grain outlet slide way 8 is fixed on a grain outlet slide way support 1d through a connecting pin, grooves are formed in two side plates of the grain outlet slide way 8, the connecting pin with the lower end playing a fixing role is pulled out, the grain outlet slide way can be lifted to rotate around the rotating shaft, the grain outlet slide way 8 is pushed, the rotating shaft slides along the grooves in the side plates, and the grain outlet direction is changed to the other side.
The elevator 5 comprises an elevator shell 5a, a chain 5d, an upper chain wheel 5c2 and a lower chain wheel 5c1, wherein the chain 5d, the upper chain wheel 5c2 and the lower chain wheel 5c1 are arranged in the elevator shell, a laser correlation flow sensor mounting frame 5f is arranged on the elevator shell 5a, an elevator scraper 5e is arranged on each interval section of the chain 5d, and the lower chain wheel 5c1 is arranged on an auger shaft 4 d; the elevator 5 is connected to an elevator angle adjusting mechanism 6 via a rotation shaft.
The elevator angle adjusting mechanism 6 consists of an adjusting box 6a, an adjusting slide block 6b, a connecting rod 6d, an adjusting screw rod 6c and an adjusting hand wheel 6e, the adjusting hand wheel 6e is rotated to drive the adjusting screw rod 6c to rotate, a threaded hole is formed in the adjusting slide block 6b to be matched with the adjusting screw rod 6c, the elevator angle adjusting mechanism can move along a smooth guide rod in the adjusting box under the transmission of threads, and accordingly the connecting rod 6d is driven to drive the elevator 5 to rotate around the auger shaft 4d, and the angle between the elevator 5 and the horizontal plane is changed.
The power mechanism 7 consists of a stepping motor 7d, a small belt pulley 7c, a large belt pulley 7a and a v-shaped belt 7b, wherein the stepping motor 7d is arranged on a power mechanism supporting frame 1g of the frame 1, the output end of the stepping motor is connected with the small belt pulley 7c, and power is transmitted to the large belt pulley 7a through the v-shaped belt 7b, so that a chain 5d and a feeding auger in the elevator 5 are driven to move.
11-12, the control circuit and the display interface of the test bed device are designed by 89C51, a power key is pressed, the test bed is electrified, the stepping motor 7d is started after a start button is pressed, the speed can be regulated by a speed increasing and decreasing key, the speed is displayed in real time by the display interface, and the angular speed of the elevator 5 and the linear speed of the scraping plate 5e in the experimental process are transmitted outwards through a can bus; the power is transmitted through the v-shaped belt 7b and is output to the auger shaft 4b, and the whole mechanical system is in a working state; the grains are pre-loaded in the grain feeding box 2, then the first adjusting valve plate 2b is opened, the grains enter the feeding auger mechanism 4 by means of self weight, and the grain feeding quantity can be adjusted by adjusting the first adjusting valve plate 2 b; after the feeding auger mechanism 4 pushes grains to enter the bottom of the elevator 5, the lower chain wheel 5c1 at the bottom drives the scraping plate 5e on the chain 5d to lift the grains to the grain outlet of the elevator 5, and then the grains are thrown into the adjustable grain tank 3.
By rotating an adjusting hand wheel 6e of the elevator angle adjusting mechanism, an adjusting screw rod 6c is driven to rotate, an adjusting slide block 6b moves forwards and backwards along a smooth guide rod in an adjusting box 6a, and a connecting rod 6d connected with the adjusting slide block 6b pulls an elevator 5 to rotate around an auger shaft 4b, so that the inclination angle of the elevator 5 is changed, and experimental study is conducted pertinently; meanwhile, the adjustable grain tank 3 can slide back and forth along the sliding guide rail bearing guide piece 1i, so that grains can be ensured to accurately enter the adjustable grain tank 3. The weighing sensor 9 can weigh the grain tank 2 in real time. The elevator housing 5a is provided with a laser correlation type grain flow sensor for monitoring grains passing through the sensor in real time. If repeated experiments are required, the second adjusting valve plate 3c at the bottom of the adjustable grain outlet box 3 can be directly opened to enable grains to enter the grain inlet box 2 through the grain outlet slideway 8; if the experiment is to be finished, the connecting pin 8a2 at the lower end of the grain outlet slide way 8 can be pulled out firstly, the grain outlet slide way is pushed to rotate around the rotating shaft 8a1 at the grain outlet of the adjustable grain outlet box 3 and slide to the other direction, so that grains are discharged out of the experiment table, and meanwhile, the grain discharging cover 4c at the lower end of the feeding auger shell 4a is opened to clean grains remained at the bottom of the auger.
The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A control method of a laser correlation cereal flow monitoring experiment platform device, the laser correlation cereal flow monitoring experiment platform device comprises: the grain feeding machine comprises a frame (1), a grain feeding box (2), an adjustable grain discharging box (3), a feeding auger mechanism (4), an elevator (5), an angle adjusting mechanism (6), a grain discharging slideway (8) and a power mechanism (7) which are arranged on the frame; the grain feeding mechanism (2), the feeding auger mechanism (4), the elevator (5) and the adjustable grain discharging box (3) are matched with each other, so that grains in the grain feeding box (2) can be fed into the adjustable grain discharging box (3) under the driving of the feeding auger mechanism (4) and the elevator (5) in sequence, and the power mechanism (7) can provide power for the feeding auger mechanism (4) and the elevator (5); the adjustable grain outlet box (3), the grain outlet slide way (8) and the grain inlet box (2) are matched with each other, so that grains in the adjustable grain outlet box (3) can fall into the grain inlet box (2) along the grain outlet slide way (8); the angle adjusting mechanism (6) can adjust the angle of the elevator (5) to ensure that the grain outlet of the elevator (5) is aligned with the adjustable grain outlet box (3); the grain outlet slideway (8) can be pushed in a direction away from the grain inlet box (2);
the machine frame (1) comprises a bottom plate (1 b), a grain inlet box supporting frame (1 e), an adjustable grain outlet box supporting frame (1 c), an angle adjusting mechanism supporting frame (1 h) and a power mechanism supporting frame (1 g); a grain outlet slideway bracket (1 d) is arranged on one side, close to the adjustable grain outlet tank supporting frame (1 c), of the grain inlet tank supporting frame (1 e), and a feeding auger mechanism mounting plate (1 f) is arranged below the grain inlet tank supporting frame (1 e); a sliding guide rail bearing guide piece (1 i) is arranged on the adjustable grain tank supporting frame (1 c); the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a support leg (1 a);
the grain feeding box (2) is positioned on a weighing sensor (9) of a grain feeding box supporting frame (1 e); the adjustable grain outlet box (3) is positioned on the adjustable grain outlet box supporting frame (1 c); the angle adjusting mechanism (6) is positioned on the angle adjusting mechanism supporting frame (1 h); the power mechanism (7) is positioned on the power mechanism supporting frame (1 g); one end of the grain outlet slideway (8) is positioned at a grain outlet at the bottom of the adjustable grain outlet box (3), the other end of the grain outlet slideway is fixedly connected with the grain outlet slideway bracket (1 d) in a detachable manner, and the other end of the grain outlet slideway corresponds to a grain inlet of the grain inlet box; two ends of the feed screw mechanism (4) are supported by the feed screw mechanism mounting plate (1 f); the bottom end of the elevator (5) is connected with one end of the feeding auger mechanism (4) through an auger shaft (4 b) to realize coaxial rotation, and a grain outlet at the top end of the elevator (5) is aligned with the adjustable grain outlet box (3); the auger shaft (4 b) is driven to rotate by the power mechanism (7); the middle position of the elevator (5) is connected with the angle adjusting mechanism (6), and the angle can be adjusted by rotation under the drive of the angle adjusting mechanism (6);
the grain inlet box (2) comprises a grain inlet box body (2 a), a grain outlet is formed in the bottom of the grain inlet box body (2 a), and a first adjusting valve plate (2 b) is arranged at the grain outlet; the grain outlet at the bottom of the grain inlet tank body is communicated with the grain inlet of the feeding auger mechanism (4), and the first adjusting valve plate (2 b) can adjust the grain amount of the feeding auger of the grain inlet tank;
the adjustable grain outlet box (3) comprises a grain outlet box body (3 b); the bottom of the grain outlet box body (3 b) is provided with a grain outlet; a second adjusting valve plate (3 c) is arranged at a grain outlet at the bottom of the grain outlet box body (3 b); the bottoms of two sides of the grain outlet box body (3 b) are provided with grain outlet box guide rail moving parts (3 a), and the guide rail moving parts (3 a) can be matched with sliding guide rail bearing guide parts (1 i) on the adjustable grain outlet box support frame (1 c) so that the grain outlet box body (3 b) can slide along the sliding guide rail bearing guide parts (1 i); the second adjusting valve plate (3 c) can adjust the grain quantity of the grain outlet at the bottom of the adjustable grain outlet box (3);
the top end of the feeding auger mechanism (4) is provided with a grain inlet corresponding to a grain outlet at the bottom of the grain inlet box body (2 a); the bottom end of the feeding auger mechanism (4) is provided with a grain discharging cover (4 c); an auger shaft (4 b) is arranged in the feeding auger mechanism (4), and the auger shaft (4 b) is connected with the bottom end of the elevator;
the elevator (5) comprises an elevator shell (5 a), and a laser correlation flow sensor mounting frame (5 f) and a rotating shaft mounting plate (5 b) are arranged on the elevator shell (5 a); the rotating shaft mounting plate (5 b) is connected with the angle adjusting mechanism (6);
a grain conveying device is arranged in the elevator (5), and comprises a lower chain wheel (5 c 1), an upper chain wheel (5 c 2) and a chain (5 d); a plurality of scraping plates (5 e) are arranged on the chain (5 d); the lower chain wheel (5 c 1) is coaxial with the auger shaft (4 b), the upper chain wheel (5 c 2) is fixed above the inside of the elevator (5) through a shaft, and the lower chain wheel (5 c 1) can drive the upper chain wheel (5 c 2) to rotate when rotating along with the auger shaft (4 b), so that a scraping plate (5 e) on a chain (5 d) is driven to move to bring grains in the elevator into an adjustable grain outlet box through a grain outlet of the elevator;
the angle adjusting mechanism (6) comprises an adjusting hand wheel (6 e), an adjusting screw (6 c), an adjusting slide block (6 b) and a smooth guide rod; the adjusting hand wheel (6 e) is connected with the adjusting screw (6 c), the adjusting screw (6 c) is matched with the adjusting slide block (6 b) through threads, the bottom surface of the adjusting slide block (6 b) is positioned on a smooth guide rod parallel to the adjusting screw (6 c), a connecting rod (6 d) is arranged on the top surface of the adjusting slide block, and the connecting rod (6 d) is fixed with a rotating shaft mounting plate (5 b) on the elevator; the adjusting hand wheel (6 e) is rotated to drive the adjusting screw (6 c) to rotate, so that the adjusting slide block (6 b) is driven to slide along the smooth guide rod, and the elevator (5) is driven to rotate around the auger shaft (4 b) through the connecting rod (6 d);
the power mechanism (7) comprises a stepping motor (7 d), a large belt pulley (7 a), a small belt pulley (7 c) and a v-shaped belt (7 b); the stepping motor (7 d) is positioned on the power mechanism supporting frame (1 g), an output shaft of the stepping motor (7 d) is connected with the small belt pulley (7 c), the small belt pulley (7 c) is connected with the large belt pulley (7 a) through the v-shaped belt (7 b), and the large belt pulley (7 a) is arranged on an auger shaft (4 b) extending out of the elevator; when the stepping motor (7 d) works, the small belt pulley (7 c) and the large belt pulley (7 a) can drive the auger shaft (4 b) to rotate in sequence, so that the lower chain wheel (5 c 1) and the upper chain wheel (5 c 2) in the elevator are driven to rotate to realize up-and-down movement of the scraping plate (5 e);
the device is characterized in that a control circuit of the experimental platform device is designed by utilizing a singlechip, signals are sent out through a start button, after being processed by the singlechip, trigger signals are sent out to a driver of a stepping motor (7 d), so that the stepping motor (7 d) starts to operate at an initial speed after receiving the trigger signals of the driver, and a feeding auger mechanism (4) and an elevator (5) are driven to work; the speed of the stepping motor (7 d) can be continuously regulated through a speed increasing and decreasing key, the rotating speed of the elevator is measured by a Hall sensor arranged on the auger shaft (4 b), the linear speed of the elevator of the scraper (5 e) is obtained after the processing of the single chip microcomputer, and meanwhile, the angular speed of the elevator and the linear speed of the scraper are displayed in real time through a display module; specifically:
the power key is pressed, the experiment table is electrified, the stepping motor (7 d) is started after the starting button is pressed, the speed can be regulated by the speed increasing and decreasing key, the speed is displayed in real time by the display interface, and the angular speed of the elevator and the linear speed of the scraper blade in the experimental process are transmitted outwards through the can bus; the power is transmitted through the v-shaped belt (7 b), the power is output to the auger shaft (4 b), and the whole mechanical system is in a working state; the grains are pre-filled in the grain feeding box (2), then the first adjusting valve plate (2 b) is opened, the grains enter the feeding auger mechanism (4) by means of self weight, and the grain feeding quantity can be adjusted by adjusting the first adjusting valve plate (2 b); after the feeding auger mechanism (4) pushes grains to enter the bottom of the elevator (5), a scraping plate (5 e) on a chain (5 d) is driven by a lower chain wheel (5 c 1) at the bottom to lift the grains to a grain outlet of the elevator, and then the grains are thrown into an adjustable grain outlet box (3);
the adjusting hand wheel (6 e) of the elevator angle adjusting mechanism (6) is rotated to drive the adjusting screw (6 c) to rotate, so that the adjusting slide block (6 b) moves forwards and backwards along a smooth guide rod in the adjusting box (6 a), and the connecting rod (6 d) connected with the adjusting slide block (6 b) pulls the elevator (5) to rotate around the auger shaft (4 b), so that the inclination angle of the elevator (5) is changed, and experimental research is conducted in a targeted manner; meanwhile, the adjustable grain outlet box (3) can slide back and forth along the sliding guide rail bearing guide piece (1 i), so that grains can be ensured to accurately enter the adjustable grain outlet box (3); the weighing sensor (9) can weigh the grain feeding box (2) in real time; a laser correlation type grain flow sensor is arranged on the elevator shell (5 a) and used for monitoring grains passing through the sensor in real time; if repeated experiments are required, a second adjusting valve plate (3 c) at the bottom of the adjustable grain outlet box (3) can be directly opened, so that grains enter the grain inlet box (2) through a grain outlet slideway; if the experiment is to be finished, the connecting pin (8 a 2) at the lower end of the grain outlet slide way can be pulled out firstly, the grain outlet slide way (8) is pushed to rotate around the rotating shaft (8 a 1) at the grain outlet of the adjustable grain outlet box and slide to the other direction, so that grains are discharged out of the experiment table, and meanwhile, the grain discharging cover (4 c) at the lower end of the feeding auger shell (4 a) is opened to clean grains remained at the bottom of the auger.
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