CN106196033B - 循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器 - Google Patents
循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106196033B CN106196033B CN201610775022.4A CN201610775022A CN106196033B CN 106196033 B CN106196033 B CN 106196033B CN 201610775022 A CN201610775022 A CN 201610775022A CN 106196033 B CN106196033 B CN 106196033B
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000001503 Joints Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen oxide Substances 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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound 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O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials 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[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
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- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/003—Feed-water heater systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
Abstract
本发明公开了循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器，包括从上至下连接在锅炉内的上级省煤器、SCR催化剂结构和下级省煤器，上级省煤器包括从上至下依次设置的上级省煤器出口集箱、上膜式省煤器管和上级省煤器进口集箱，下级省煤器分别包括上至下依次设置的下级省煤器出口集箱、下膜式省煤器管和下级省煤器进口集箱；上级省煤器进口集箱通过管道一和管道二连接下级省煤器出口集箱的水路。本发明的节能省煤器，降低了锅炉Nox排放，减少了环境污染，适应了目前的环保要求，实现对锅炉进行加装SCR脱硝催化剂，提高其生产效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及75t/h循环流化床燃煤锅炉的省煤器技术领域，特别是涉及循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器。
背景技术
循环流化床锅炉技术是近十几年来迅速发展的一项高效低污染清洁燃烧枝术。国际上这项技术在电站锅炉、工业锅炉和废弃物处理利用等领域已得到广泛的商业应用，并向几十万千瓦级规模的大型循环流化床锅炉发展；国内在这方面的研究、开发和应用也逐渐兴起，已有上百台循环流化床锅炉投入运行或正在制造之中。
锅炉采用单锅筒，自然循环方式，总体上分为前部及尾部两个竖井。前部竖井为总吊结构，四周由膜式水冷壁组成。自下而上，依次为一次风室、密相区、稀相区，尾部烟道自上而下依次为高温过热器、低温过热器及省煤器、空气预热器。尾部竖井采用支撑结构，两竖井之间由立式旋风分离器相连通，分离器下部联接回送装置及灰冷却器。燃烧室及分离器内部均设有防磨内衬，前部竖井用敷管炉墙，外置金属护板，尾部竖井用轻型炉墙，由八根钢柱承受锅炉全部重量。
锅炉采用床下点火（油或煤气），分级燃烧，一次风比率占50—60%，飞灰循环为低倍率，中温分离灰渣排放采用干式，分别由水冷螺旋出渣机、灰冷却器及除尘器灰斗排出。炉膛是保证燃料充分燃烧的关键，采用湍流床，使得流化速度在3.5—4.5m/s，并设计适当的炉膛截面，在炉膛膜式壁管上铺设薄内衬（高铝质砖），即使锅炉燃烧用不同燃料时，燃烧效率也可保持在98—99%以上。
高温分离器入口烟温在800℃左右，旋风筒内径较小，结构简化，筒内仅需一层薄薄的防磨内衬（氮化硅砖）。其使用寿命较长。循环倍率为10—20左右。
循环灰输送系统主要由回料管、回送装置，溢流管及灰冷却器等几部分组成。
床温控制系统的调节过程是自动的。在整个负荷变化范围内始终保持浓相床床温850-950℃间的某一恒定值，这个值是最佳的脱硫温度。当自动控制不投入时，靠手动也能维持恒定的床温。
保护环境，节约能源是各个国家长期发展首要考虑的问题，循环流化床锅炉正是基于这一点而发展起来，其高可靠性，高稳定性，高可利用率，最佳的环保特性以及广泛的燃料适应性，特别是对劣质燃料的适应性，越来越受到广泛关注，完全适合我国国情及发展优势。但是现有的75t/h循环流化床燃煤锅炉 ，锅炉投运后存在Nox排放偏高等问题，不符合相关的环境保护指标和要求，故而需要对其进行改进。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供了循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器，其目的在于为降低锅炉Nox排放，减少环境污染，适应目前的环保要求，实现对锅炉进行加装SCR脱硝催化剂的技术改造。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器，包括从上至下连接在锅炉内的上级省煤器、SCR催化剂结构和下级省煤器，上级省煤器包括从上至下依次设置的上级省煤器出口集箱、上膜式省煤器管和上级省煤器进口集箱，下级省煤器分别包括上至下依次设置的下级省煤器出口集箱、下膜式省煤器管和下级省煤器进口集箱；上级省煤器进口集箱通过管道一和管道二连接下级省煤器出口集箱的水路。
进一步地，上膜式省煤器管和下膜式省煤器管分别由若干排膜式壁管并列设置而成，下膜式省煤器管的膜式壁管的排数大于上膜式省煤器管的膜式壁管的排数。
进一步地，上膜式省煤器管的膜式壁管的排数为-排，下膜式省煤器管的膜式壁管的排数为-排，并且上膜式省煤器管和下膜式省煤器管的总排数为排。
进一步地，上膜式省煤器管的膜式壁管之间通过若干梳形板卡接固定，下膜式省煤器管的膜式壁管之间也通过若干梳形板卡接固定。
进一步地，上膜式省煤器管和下膜式省煤器管分别通过一个支架固定在锅炉炉体上。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明的循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器，在现有的锅炉省煤器，增加了上级省煤器与下级省煤器之间的纵向距离和加热面，并且上级省煤器包括从上至下依次设置的上级省煤器出口集箱、上膜式省煤器管和上级省煤器进口集箱，下级省煤器分别包括上至下依次设置的下级省煤器出口集箱、下膜式省煤器管和下级省煤器进口集箱；上级省煤器进口集箱通过管道一和管道二连接下级省煤器出口集箱的水路，增加了锅炉的燃烧面积，提高了锅炉的燃烧效率，降低了氮氧化物的获取率，最终满足了用户提出的要求，以及提高了安全、节能、环保等方面的技术性能，符合国家对环保的要求。
附图说明
图1为循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器的一个实施例的主视图；
图2为图1的实施例的侧视图；
图3为图1的I处的放大的结构示意图；
图4为图2的II处的放大的结构示意图；
图5为图2的III处的放大的结构示意图；
其中：1-上级省煤器，11-上级省煤器出口集箱，12-上膜式省煤器管，13-上级省煤器进口集箱；2- SCR催化剂结构，3-下级省煤器，31-下级省煤器出口集箱，32-下膜式省煤器管，33-下级省煤器进口集箱；4-管道一，5-管道二，6-膜式壁管，7-梳形板，8-支架，9-锅炉炉体。
具体实施方式
为了加深对本发明的理解，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明，该实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不对本发明的保护范围构成限定。
循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器，如图1所示，包括从上至下连接在锅炉内的上级省煤器1、SCR催化剂结构2和下级省煤器3，上级省煤器1包括从上至下依次设置的上级省煤器出口集箱11、上膜式省煤器管12和上级省煤器进口集箱13，下级省煤器3分别包括上至下依次设置的下级省煤器出口集箱31、下膜式省煤器管32和下级省煤器进口集箱33；上级省煤器进口集箱13通过管道一4和管道二5连接下级省煤器出口集箱31的水路。
如图2和图3、图4所示，上膜式省煤器管12和下膜式省煤器管32分别由若干排膜式壁管6并列设置而成，下膜式省煤器管32的膜式壁管6的排数大于上膜式省煤器管12的膜式壁管6的排数。
在上述实施例中，上膜式省煤器管12的膜式壁管6的排数为15-20排，下膜式省煤器管32的膜式壁管6的排数为40-45排，并且上膜式省煤器管12和下膜式省煤器管32的总排数为60排。如图2所示，改造后省煤器省煤效果较好的一个实施例为，上级省煤器1的上膜式省煤器管5的高度为17*45=765mm，其中17为排数，45每一排的高度。而下级省煤器3的下膜式省煤器管7的高度为29*45+13*45=1305+585=1890mm，其中29为改造前的下级省煤管的排数，13为上级省煤器管移下来的省煤管。
参见图2和图3，上膜式省煤器管12的膜式壁管6之间通过若干梳形板7卡接固定，下膜式省煤器管32的膜式壁管6之间也通过若干梳形板7卡接固定。
如图2和图4所示，上膜式省煤器管12和下膜式省煤器管32分别通过一个支架8固定在锅炉炉体9上。
本发明的循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器，在现有的锅炉省煤器，增加了上级省煤器与下级省煤器之间的纵向距离和加热面，并且上级省煤器1包括从上至下依次设置的上级省煤器出口集箱11、上膜式省煤器管12和上级省煤器进口集箱13，下级省煤器3分别包括上至下依次设置的下级省煤器出口集箱31、下膜式省煤器管32和下级省煤器进口集箱33；上级省煤器进口集箱13通过管道一4和管道二5连接下级省煤器出口集箱31的水路，增加了锅炉的燃烧面积，提高了锅炉的燃烧效率，降低了氮氧化物的获取率，最终满足了用户提出的要求，以及提高了安全、节能、环保等方面的技术性能，符合国家对环保的要求。
本发明的实施例公布的是较佳的实施例，但并不局限于此，本领域的普通技术人员，极易根据上述实施例，领会本发明的精神，并做出不同的引申和变化，但只要不脱离本发明的精神，都在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (1)
1.循环硫化床燃煤锅炉节能省煤器，其特征在于：包括从上至下连接在锅炉内的上级省煤器（1）、SCR催化剂结构（2）和下级省煤器（3），所述上级省煤器（1）包括从上至下依次设置的上级省煤器出口集箱（11）、上膜式省煤器管（12）和上级省煤器进口集箱（13），下级省煤器（3）分别包括上至下依次设置的下级省煤器出口集箱（31）、下膜式省煤器管（32）和下级省煤器进口集箱（33）；所述上级省煤器进口集箱（13）通过管道一（4）和管道二（5）连接下级省煤器出口集箱（31）的水路；
所述上膜式省煤器管（12）和下膜式省煤器管（32）分别由若干排膜式壁管（6）并列设置而成，所述下膜式省煤器管（32）的膜式壁管（6）的排数大于上膜式省煤器管（12）的膜式壁管（6）的排数；所述上膜式省煤器管（12）的膜式壁管（6）的排数为15-20排，所述下膜式省煤器管（32）的膜式壁管（6）的排数为40-45排，并且上膜式省煤器管（12）和下膜式省煤器管（32）的总排数为60排；
所述上膜式省煤器管（12）的膜式壁管（6）之间通过若干梳形板（7）卡接固定，所述下膜式省煤器管（32）的膜式壁管（6）之间也通过若干梳形板（7）卡接固定；所述上膜式省煤器管（12）和下膜式省煤器管（32）分别通过一个支架（8）固定在锅炉炉体（9）上。
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| CN203273845U (zh) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-11-06 | 自贡市东方容器配套有限公司 | 一种适用于scr处理工艺的烟道结构 |
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Effective date of registration: 20191030 Address after: Erling Town, Danyang City, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Jiangsu Huineng Heavy Industry Co., Ltd Address before: 212362, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang province Danyang Er hill town Patentee before: Jiangsu Huineng Boiler Co., Ltd. |