CN106192935A - The method of adjustment of a kind of fish pass import department river flow and system - Google Patents
The method of adjustment of a kind of fish pass import department river flow and system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106192935A CN106192935A CN201610730448.8A CN201610730448A CN106192935A CN 106192935 A CN106192935 A CN 106192935A CN 201610730448 A CN201610730448 A CN 201610730448A CN 106192935 A CN106192935 A CN 106192935A
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- flow field
- flow
- fish pass
- shunting wall
- longitudinal axis
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to method of adjustment and the system of a kind of fish pass import department river flow, including shunting wall, shunting wall horizontal cross sectional geometry be longitudinal axis be the strip of straight line, the longitudinal axis of shunting wall flows to angled with river course, the initiating terminal shunting wall and the riverbank arranging fish pass import keep certain distance, and the height of shunting wall is the most water-bed until exceeding the water surface.The present invention uses flow field adjustment facility that the water flow field of fish pass import department is divided into flow field, outside and flow field, inner side, the flow field of suitable straddling fish stocks is produced in flow field, inner side, prevent internal effluent field, flow field, outside from producing interference simultaneously, utilize shunting entrance high flow rate band to stop that Fish cross fish pass import.The present invention utilizes streamflow power to adjust flow field, effectively adjusts river course local flow field, is suitable for Fish of interest migration and assembles, and arranging for fish pass import provides convenient.Flow field set by the present invention adjusts and arranges simple in construction, and construction volume is little, it is not necessary to safeguard too much, economic and practical in various hydraulic engineerings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method of adjustment and the system of a kind of fish pass import department river flow, be a kind of water conservancy project method and set
Execute, be a kind of water conservancy project method for river ecological protection Fish and facility.
Background technology
Typically, the water flow field of fish pass import department is it suffices that both sides condition: one is suitable for fish collection,
Two is to make Fish quickly find fish pass import.Affected with orographic condition by flow condition, the river, downstream of actual gate dam engineering
Road flow field structure is sufficiently complex changeable, selects to propose huge challenge with design to fish pass entrance location.
Fish pass import is in dam downstream, and usual flow velocity relatively big, during fish pass import addressing, although can choose current as far as possible
Position smoothly, but as a rule, any interference on riverbank all can cause turbulent flow, hinders the gathering of Fish, and impact
Fish find fish pass import, and its result is the most catastrophic to Fish.To this end, adjust the water flow field near fish pass import it is
One problem needing to solve.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome problem of the prior art, the present invention propose a kind of fish pass import department river flow method of adjustment and
System.Described method and system adjusts facility by arranging flow field in fish pass import, adjusts or changes gate dam downstream river course office
Portion's flow field structure, is the effective way optimizing fish pass inlet design.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the method for adjustment of a kind of fish pass import department river flow, for: on edge, river
The fish pass import department upstream of bank arranges flow field and adjusts facility, described flow field adjust facility make fish pass import formed inside flow field with
Liang Ge flow field, flow field, outside subregion, adjusts facility shape and the parameter adjustment of flow inlet area of passage by flow field, in regulation and control
The flow rate of water flow value size of effluent field and distribution thereof, and stop the negative effect of internal effluent field, flow field, outside, thus obtain
It is suitable for arranging the water flow field structure of fish pass import.
A kind of adjustment system of the fish pass import department river flow designed according to said method, described system includes:
Described flow field adjusts facility for shunting wall, the horizontal cross sectional geometry of described shunting wall be longitudinal axis be the strip of straight line,
The longitudinal axis of described shunting wall flows to angled with river courseα, the initiating terminal of described shunting wall with fish pass import is set
Riverbank keep certain distanceL, the height of described shunting wall is the most water-bed until exceeding the water surface.
Further, the angle between longitudinal axis and the river course flow direction of described shunting wallαFor 10-30 degree.
Further, the distance between initiating terminal and the riverbank that fish pass import is set of described shunting wallLFor not less than 1
Rice.
Further, the length of described shunting wall longitudinal axisbFor 1-10 timesL。
Further, arrange at least one piece between described shunting wall initiating terminal and riverbank and block a stone.
Further, described shunting wall end connects ground sills.
Further, the horizontal cross sectional geometry of described ground sills be longitudinal axis be the strip of straight line, described ground sills
Longitudinal axis with shunting wall longitudinal axis to side, center, river deviate certain angleθ, the height of described ground sills is from water-bed
Until less than the water surface one segment distance.
Further, the angle that the longitudinal axis of described ground sills and the longitudinal axis shunting wall deviate to side, center, river
DegreeθFor 90-100 degree.
Further, described ground sills top is 100-500 millimeter to the distance of the water surface.
The beneficial effect comprise that:: the present invention uses flow field to adjust facility by the water flow field of fish pass import department
It is divided into flow field, outside and flow field, inner side, produces the flow field of suitable straddling fish stocks in flow field, inner side, prevent flow field, outside internal simultaneously
Effluent field produces interference, utilizes shunting entrance high flow rate band to stop that Fish cross fish pass import.The present invention utilizes urban river water to flow
Power adjusts flow field, effectively adjusts river course local flow field, is suitable for Fish of interest migration and assembles, and arranging for fish pass import provides just
Profit.Flow field set by the present invention adjusts and arranges simple in construction, and construction volume is little, it is not necessary to safeguard too much, economic and practical in various water
Work engineering, not only for engineering yet to be built, improves for built engineering and has important using value as improving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that described in embodiments of the invention two, fish pass import department current adjustment facility is the structural representation of baffle wall；
Fig. 2 is that described in embodiments of the invention six, fish pass import department current adjustment facility is baffle wall and the structural representation blocking a stone
Figure；
Fig. 3 is that to adjust facility be baffle wall with blocking a stone and ground sills to fish pass import department current described in embodiments of the invention seven
Structural representation；
Fig. 4 is the elevational schematic view of baffle wall described in embodiments of the invention ten and ground sills cohesive position.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment is the method for adjustment of a kind of fish pass import department river flow, for: in the fish pass import department upstream of river alongshore
Arranging flow field and adjust facility, described flow field adjusts facility makes flow field inside fish pass import formation divide with Liang Ge flow field, flow field, outside
District, adjusts facility shape and the parameter adjustment of flow inlet area of passage, the flow rate of water flow amount in flow field inside regulation and control by flow field
Value size and distribution thereof, and stop the negative effect of internal effluent field, flow field, outside, thus obtain and be suitable for arranging fish pass import
Water flow field structure.
Flow field described in the present embodiment adjusts mode and is primarily directed to a kind of channel thread deflection layout side, fish pass riverbank,
Or channel thread ratio is more uniform, but overall flow rate of water flow has exceeded the limit velocity of straddling fish stocks, Fish can not adverse current and
On initial flow-field.
The flow field of fish pass import department adjusts the effect of facility has two: effect to be by the subregion of fish pass import department
Separate with whole river course, flow field and flow field, inner side outside generation, although can not be completely isolated, but at least can produce one with whole
The flow field regions that individual river flow is different.Another effect is to generate the flow field being prone to attract Fish in the region of segmentation, just
In fish collection and enter fish pass.
Flow field, outside keeps the flow field in former river course substantially, flow field, inner side the most as required, under the effect adjusting facility,
Produce the flow field parameter different from flow field, outside.Inner side flow field main flow field adjust parameter be flow rate of water flow value size and
Distribution, even if the flow rate of water flow in flow field, inner side reaches to attract the numerical value of Fish, and by adjusting the change of each element in facility,
Form the change respectively of flow field velocity, strengthen the effect attracting Fish.
The flow field of fish pass import department adjust facility can be shunting wall or other can produce setting that water flow spaces is split
Execute.Shunting wall can be straight line, it is also possible to be curve, it is also possible to be broken line.
For changing flow field, can also set up except shunting wall and block a facility such as stone, ground sills, for changing the flow in flow field, inner side
Parameter and Flow Field Distribution.In a word, in the case of separating internal and external flow field, it is possible to use various hydraulic facilities, flow field inside change, use
To attract Fish to enter fish pass.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is the adjustment system of a kind of fish pass import department river flow designed according to method described in embodiment one, as
Shown in Fig. 1.System described in the present embodiment includes: it is shunting wall 1 that described flow field adjusts facility, and the level of described shunting wall is cut
Face is shaped as the strip that longitudinal axis is straight line, and it is angled that the longitudinal axis of described shunting wall and river course flow to 2α,
The initiating terminal of described shunting wall and the riverbank arranging fish pass import keep certain distanceL, the height of described shunting wall is from water-bed straight
To exceeding the water surface.
Shunting wall adjusts the principle of river flow: shunting wall forms certain width with the riverbank 4 arranging fish pass import 3
Flow inlet 5, by regulating the size of flow inlet, can control shunting number, by adjusting shunting wall and current side
To adding angle, control to shunt the rate of decay of effluent speed within the walls, can obtain being suitable to the flow field 6 of fish migration in desired location
(being represented by dashed line in Fig. 1).
Shunting one end, wall upstream or connect riverain one end and be defined as initiating terminal.Initiating terminal is to the distance on riverbankL, according to mesh
The kind of mark Fish can select in the range of not less than 1 meter.
Shunting wall has certain lengthb, outside flow direction is had certain Accommodation so that it is do not disturb being formed
Suitable flow field.Shunting wall lengthbAt 1-10 timesLIn the range of select.
Shunting wall is arranged on the upstream of fish pass mouth, in order to current, after flowing through shunting wall, can form the flow field of shunting.Point
The rectangle that horizontal cross sectional geometry is strip of stream wall, i.e. length and width (shunting wall thickness) ratio is more than 5.Shunting wall horizontal cross-section is rectangular
To axis with streamflow at an angleα, it is generally the case that select in the range of 10-30 degree.The height of shunting wall exceedes water
Deeply, current are separated.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the embodiment two refinement about shunting wall.Shunting wall described in the present embodiment
Longitudinal axis and river course flow between angleαFor 10-30 degree.Angle between the longitudinal axis and the river course flow direction of shunting wall
When degree is gradually increased, the Accommodation of shunting wall internal effluent field gradually strengthens, simultaneously descending to outside current barrier effect
Also it is gradually increased.For most engineerings, both angles are more suitable between 10-30 degree, can play interior flow field
Preferably regulation effect, also will not cause substantially stop to outside current are descending.
Embodiment four:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment three, is the embodiment three refinement about shunting wall.Shunting wall described in the present embodiment
Initiating terminal and the riverbank that fish pass import is set between distanceLFor not less than 1 meter.Between initiating terminal and the riverbank of shunting wall
Distance less than 1 meter time, entrance width is limited, and shunt volume is less, shunts side within the walls and is difficult to form suitable flow field.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment four, is the embodiment four refinement about shunting wall.Shunting wall described in the present embodiment
The length of longitudinal axisbFor 1-10 timesL.The length of the longitudinal axis of shunting wall is less than 1 timesLTime, it is difficult to intercept outer effluent
Field is on the interference shunting effluent field within the walls and impact.When the length of the longitudinal axis of shunting wall is more than 10 timesLTime, formed
Flow field effect with 10 timesLTimeliness fruit seemingly, causes engineering to waste.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the above-described embodiment refinement about shunting wall.Dividing described in the present embodiment
Arrange at least one piece between stream wall initiating terminal and riverbank and block a stone 7, as shown in Figure 2.
The Men Shi that blocks described in the present embodiment is arranged in shunting entrance, further increases shunting ingress flow rate, increases
Strong resistance fish effect, adjusts water (flow) direction and shunt ratio, further to regulate flow field scope and the flow velocity size of desired location.
Blocking a stone can be one piece, it is also possible to is polylith, determines as desired.Blocking a stone can be horizontal cross sectional geometry
Can circular, rectangle, or other shapes, highly can be from the bottom to the water surface, or higher than level, or less than the water surface.Block a stone
Position, size, quantity mainly consider the factors such as the size and Orientation of flow velocity, the characteristic in target flow field, and surrounding.
Embodiment seven:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is the above-described embodiment refinement about shunting wall.Dividing described in the present embodiment
Stream wall end connects ground sills 8, as shown in Figure 3.
Ground sills described in the present embodiment, for the convex type building of certain depth under water, it is arranged in shunting wall end and leans on
Nearly side, center, river course.Its top is flooded under the water surface, and the degree of depth away from the water surface is relevant with requiring water surface flow velocity.Certain limit
In, the ground sills distance from top water surface is the nearest, and the area of passage formed is the least, and flow velocity is the highest.Outside shunting wall, water flows through shunting wall
Guide effect, stride across ground sills, owing to the ground sills top depth of water reduces, form certain acceleration, thus in ground sills downstream shape
Becoming certain High Velocity Area, this region flow velocity is being suitable more than straddling fish stocks limit velocity.Thus one is formed in downstream, shallow dam
Road high flow rate barrier tape 9(Fig. 3 represents with double dot dash line), improve Fish and enter the probability in flow field inside training wall.
The shape of ground sills can be similar to shunt wall, and simply height is less than the water surface.Ground sills trend can be straight line, it is also possible to
It is curve, it is also possible to be broken line.
Embodiment eight:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment seven, is the embodiment seven refinement about ground sills.The water of the ground sills described in the present embodiment
Plane section is shaped as the strip that longitudinal axis is straight line, and the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal axis of described ground sills and shunting wall is to river
Side, stream center deviation certain angleθ, the height of described ground sills from water-bed until less than the water surface one segment distance, as shown in Figure 3.
Ground sills described in the present embodiment trend in the horizontal plane is straight line, is that broken line is walked with the baffle wall that trend is straight line
To, between the two in certain deflecting angleθ。
Embodiment nine:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment eight, is the embodiment eight refinement about ground sills.Indulging of ground sills described in the present embodiment
The angle deviateed to side, center, river to the longitudinal axis of axis with shunting wallθFor 90-100 degree.
The deviation of ground sills deviates to river center position.
Embodiment ten:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment nine, is the embodiment nine refinement about ground sills.Ground sills top described in the present embodiment
Distance to the water surfacehFor 100-500 millimeter, as shown in Figure 4.
All parameters that this example uses all optimize gained through numerical simulation calculation and experimental study, and try by crossing fish
Demonstrate reasonability and the superiority of flow-shape.
Finally it should be noted that above only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted, although with reference to preferable cloth
The present invention has been described in detail by scheme of putting, and it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the technology of the present invention
Scheme (such as shunting the length of wall, angle, ground sills height etc.) is modified or equivalent, without deviating from the technology of the present invention
The spirit and scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. the method for adjustment of a fish pass import department river flow, it is characterised in that for: in the fish pass import department of river alongshore
Trip arranges flow field and adjusts facility, and described flow field adjusts facility and makes flow field and Liang Ge flow field, flow field, outside inside fish pass import formation
Subregion, adjusts facility shape and the parameter adjustment of flow inlet area of passage, the flow rate of water flow in flow field inside regulation and control by flow field
Value size and distribution thereof, and stop the negative effect of internal effluent field, flow field, outside, thus obtain and be suitable for arranging that fish pass enters
The water flow field structure of mouth.
2. an adjustment system for the fish pass import department river flow designed according to method described in claim, its feature exists
In, described system includes: it is shunting wall that described flow field adjusts facility, and the horizontal cross sectional geometry of described shunting wall is longitudinal axis
Line is the strip of straight line, and the longitudinal axis of described shunting wall flows to angled with river courseα, initiateing of described shunting wall
End and the riverbank arranging fish pass import keep certain distanceL, the height of described shunting wall is the most water-bed until exceeding the water surface.
Adjustment system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the longitudinal axis of described shunting wall flows to river course
Between angleαFor 10-30 degree.
Adjustment system the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the initiating terminal of described shunting wall enters with arranging fish pass
Distance between the riverbank of mouthLFor not less than 1 meter.
Adjustment system the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the length of described shunting wall longitudinal axisbFor 1-
10 timesL。
6. according to the adjustment system one of claim 1-5 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that described shunting wall initiating terminal and riverbank it
Between arrange at least one piece and block a stone.
Adjustment system the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described shunting wall end connects ground sills.
Adjustment system the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the horizontal cross sectional geometry of described ground sills is longitudinal axis
Line is the strip of straight line, and the longitudinal axis of described ground sills and the longitudinal axis of shunting wall are certain to the deviation of side, center, river
Angleθ, the height of described ground sills is the most water-bed until less than the water surface one segment distance.
Adjustment system the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the longitudinal axis of described ground sills is vertical with shunting wall
The angle deviateed to side, center, river to axisθFor 90-100 degree.
Adjustment system the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the distance on described ground sills top to the water surfacehFor
100-500 millimeter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610730448.8A CN106192935B (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2016-08-26 | A kind of method of adjustment and system of fish pass entrance river flow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610730448.8A CN106192935B (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2016-08-26 | A kind of method of adjustment and system of fish pass entrance river flow |
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| CN106192935A true CN106192935A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| CN106192935B CN106192935B (en) | 2019-01-18 |
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| CN201610730448.8A Expired - Fee Related CN106192935B (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2016-08-26 | A kind of method of adjustment and system of fish pass entrance river flow |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108755620A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-06 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | A kind of attracting fish method changing flow direction-changing angle |
| CN110080177A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-08-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of fish pass structure methods of comparison and selection |
| CN111254890A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Arrangement mode and arrangement structure of fishway inlet |
| CN111254889A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Fishway inlet water supplementing system, fishway and water supplementing method |
| CN112681252A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-20 | 三峡大学 | Fish attracting fishway based on bottom jet flow changing flow field |
| CN113718729A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Spur dike type fish inlet |
| CN115977041A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-18 | 重庆交通大学 | Adjustable short-distance fishway system |
| CN117513265A (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-02-06 | 水电水利规划设计总院 | Device and method for increasing proper flow velocity area of fish in fishway inlet area of hydropower station |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108755620A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-06 | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | A kind of attracting fish method changing flow direction-changing angle |
| CN110080177A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-08-02 | 河海大学 | A kind of fish pass structure methods of comparison and selection |
| CN111254890A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Arrangement mode and arrangement structure of fishway inlet |
| CN111254889A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Fishway inlet water supplementing system, fishway and water supplementing method |
| CN112681252A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-20 | 三峡大学 | Fish attracting fishway based on bottom jet flow changing flow field |
| CN113718729A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Spur dike type fish inlet |
| CN113718729B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-08-19 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Spur dike type fish inlet |
| US11692322B2 (en) | 2021-09-13 | 2023-07-04 | Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute | Spur dike type fishway inlet |
| CN115977041A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-18 | 重庆交通大学 | Adjustable short-distance fishway system |
| CN117513265A (en) * | 2023-12-22 | 2024-02-06 | 水电水利规划设计总院 | Device and method for increasing proper flow velocity area of fish in fishway inlet area of hydropower station |
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| CN106192935B (en) | 2019-01-18 |
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