CN106187200A - 一种块体铁硼化合物材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种块体铁硼化合物材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106187200A
CN106187200A CN201610558978.9A CN201610558978A CN106187200A CN 106187200 A CN106187200 A CN 106187200A CN 201610558978 A CN201610558978 A CN 201610558978A CN 106187200 A CN106187200 A CN 106187200A
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陈志国
魏祥
钟掘
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Hunan University of Humanities Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种块体铁硼化合物材料及其制备方法。铁硼化合物材料各元素的化学成分按重量百分比为:8.8~12.5%B,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质元素,制备过程包括配料,加石墨粉,加成型剂,混料,成型及真空烧结六个步骤,最终制得的材料为单相Fe2B,或由Fe2B与FeB组成的材料。本发明通过添加石墨粉以及过量的B来去除原料中的氧,简化了工艺流程,制得了性能优异的材料,主要用于制造耐磨耐腐蚀部件及相应的涂层。

Description

一种块体铁硼化合物材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种块体铁硼化合物材料及其制备方法,特别是涉及一种单相Fe2B或由Fe2B与FeB组成的材料及其制备方法,该材料适用于矿山、冶金、煤炭、机械和电力行业,适用于制备工模具、耐磨耐腐蚀部件及相应的涂层以及用于电火花沉积的电极材料等。
背景技术
过渡族金属硼化物具有高硬度、高熔点、优良的导电性、导热性及耐蚀性,从而使以它为基的金属陶瓷在耐磨、耐腐蚀及耐高温材料领域具有巨大的发展潜力及广阔的应用前景,这也使得硼化物基金属陶瓷成为当前最有发展前途的金属陶瓷。
Fe2B相的硬度为1300~1800HV,FeB的硬度则达1600~2200HV,且它们都具有优异的耐磨及耐腐蚀等特性。目前,Fe2B化合物块体材料在耐磨、耐熔锌腐蚀合金领域具有较多的报道,例如,中国专利CN102328935A公开了一种耐锌液腐蚀块体Fe2B化合物的制备方法,但该工艺过程较繁琐,特别是需要对球磨罐进行抽真空,并充氩气保护处理。为了简化工艺过程,以及更好的调控块体Fe2B化合物材料的综合性能,发明了一种块体铁硼化合物材料及其制备方法,该发明在实际生产中具有十分重要的创新价值和工程应用意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种块体铁硼化合物材料及其制备方法。
为达到上述目标,本发明采用下述技术方案:
铁硼化合物是指FeB相和Fe2B相;铁硼化合物材料是指单相Fe2B材料,或由Fe2B相与FeB相组成的材料。用于制备金属陶瓷的初始原料混合物中各元素的化学成分按重量百分比为:8.8~12.5%B,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质元素。
所述材料中各元素的化学成分按重量百分比为:9.0~11.0%B,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质元素。
采用粉末冶金方法制备,具体工艺步骤如下:
(1)配料:以FeB粉和Fe粉为原料,配制符合下述要求的混合料,化学成分按重量百分比为:8.8~12.5%B,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质元素;
(2)加石墨粉:加入量是步骤(1)已配混合料重量的0.1~2.0%;
(3)加成型剂:用硬质酸锌作为成型剂,加入量是步骤(1)已配混合料重量的0.5~2.0%;
(4)混料:将已加入石墨粉和成型剂的混合料置入球磨机中球磨,球磨机的转速为200~350r/min,球磨时间为5~20h;
(5)成型:将球磨好的混合料装入模具中进行机械模压成坯料;
(6)真空烧结:将压制好的坯料装入真空烧结炉中进行真空烧结,真空度高于1×10-1MPa,真空烧结过程中在1030~1080℃保温30~60min;最终烧结温度为1100~1300℃,保温时间为10~60min。
本发明在原料中加入适量的碳用于还原原料本身中含有的氧以及球磨过程中外界引入的氧,还原后的铁氧化物将形成活性很高的铁,有利于烧结的致密化,将显著提高材料的性能,并简化整个工艺流程。铁硼化合物Fe2B与FeB组合形成的材料能较大范围的调整单相Fe2B的综合性能,扩大其实际应用范围。在1030~1080℃保温30~60min能使碳充分的与原料中的氧反应生成气体排出而达到除氧的目的。此外,由于含有过量的B,在本发明中,B也可以与氧反应生成B2O3在烧结的过程中挥发掉,而达到除氧的目的。
具体实施方式
实施例1
采用FeB粉和铁粉配制成分为Fe-8.8wt%B的混合料;
称取上述混合料重量分数1.8%的石墨粉加入到上述混合料中;
称取上述混合料重量分数0.5%的硬脂酸锌加入到上述混合料中;
将已加入石墨粉和成型剂的混合料置入球磨机中干混。球磨机的转速为350 r/min,球磨时间10h;
将球磨好的混合料装入模具中进行机械模压成坯料;
将压制好的坯料装入真空烧结炉中进行真空烧结,真空度高于1×10-1MPa,在1050℃保温45min,最终烧结温度为1120℃,保温时间为60min。
最终制得单相Fe2B的块体铁硼化合物材料。
实施例2
采用FeB粉和铁粉配制成分为Fe-9.5wt%B的混合料;
称取上述混合料重量分数0.1%的石墨粉加入到上述混合料中;
称取上述混合料重量分数1.6%的硬脂酸锌加入到上述混合料中;
将已加入石墨粉和成型剂的混合料置入球磨机中干混。球磨机的转速为220 r/min,球磨时间7h;
将球磨好的混合料装入模具中进行机械模压成坯料;
将压制好的坯料装入真空烧结炉中进行真空烧结,真空度高于1×10-1MPa,在1030℃保温30min,最终烧结温度为1200℃,保温时间为10min。
最终制得单相Fe2B的块体铁硼化合物材料。
实施例3
采用FeB粉和铁粉配制成分为Fe-12.5wt%B的混合料;
称取上述混合料重量分数1.0%的石墨粉加入到上述混合料中;
称取上述混合料重量分数1.2%的硬脂酸锌加入到上述混合料中;
将已加入石墨粉和成型剂的混合料置入球磨机中干混。球磨机的转速为290 r/min,球磨时间20h;
将球磨好的混合料装入模具中进行机械模压成坯料;
将压制好的坯料装入真空烧结炉中进行真空烧结,真空度高于1×10-1MPa,在1075℃保温60min,最终烧结温度为1290℃,保温时间为30min。
最终制得Fe2B与FeB组成的块体铁硼化合物材料。
实施例4
采用FeB粉和铁粉配制成分为Fe-10.5wt%B的混合料;
称取上述混合料重量分数1.5%的石墨粉加入到上述混合料中;
称取上述混合料重量分数0.5%的硬脂酸锌加入到上述混合料中;
将已加入成型剂的混合料置入球磨机中干混。球磨机的转速为250 r/min,球磨时间6h;
将球磨好的混合料装入模具中进行机械模压成坯料;
将压制好的坯料装入真空烧结炉中进行真空烧结,真空度高于1×10-1MPa,在1045℃保温50min,最终烧结温度为1190℃,保温时间为45min。
最终制得Fe2B与FeB组成的块体铁硼化合物材料。

Claims (3)

1.一种块体铁硼化合物材料,其特征是:所述材料中各元素的化学成分按重量百分比为:8.8~12.5%B,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质元素,所述铁硼化合物材料是指单相Fe2B材料,或由Fe2B相与FeB相组成的材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的块体铁硼化合物材料,其特征是:所述材料中各元素的化学成分按重量百分比为:9.0~11.0%B,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质元素。
3.一种制备如权利要求1所述的块体铁硼化合物材料的方法,其特征是采用粉末冶金方法制备,具体工艺步骤如下:
(1)配料:以FeB粉和Fe粉为原料,配制符合下述要求的混合料,化学成分按重量百分比为:8.8~12.5%B,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质元素;
(2)加石墨粉:加入量是步骤(1)已配混合料重量的0.1~2.0%;
(3)加成型剂:用硬质酸锌作为成型剂,加入量是步骤(1)已配混合料重量的0.5~2.0%;
(4)混料:将已加入石墨粉和成型剂的混合料置入球磨机中球磨,球磨机的转速为200~350r/min,球磨时间为5~20h;
(5)成型:将球磨好的混合料装入模具中进行机械模压成坯料;
(6)真空烧结:将压制好的坯料装入真空烧结炉中进行真空烧结,真空度高于1×10- 1Mpa,真空烧结过程中在1030~1080℃,保温30~60min;最终烧结温度为1100~1300℃,保温10~60min。
CN201610558978.9A 2016-07-18 2016-07-18 一种块体铁硼化合物材料及其制备方法 Pending CN106187200A (zh)

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CN111393106B (zh) * 2020-03-25 2021-04-09 燕山大学 一种高力学性能的硼化铁改性水泥砂浆及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20161207