CN106187196A - 一种陶瓷阴极复合材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷阴极复合材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106187196A
CN106187196A CN201610533123.0A CN201610533123A CN106187196A CN 106187196 A CN106187196 A CN 106187196A CN 201610533123 A CN201610533123 A CN 201610533123A CN 106187196 A CN106187196 A CN 106187196A
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cathode composite
carborundum
ceramic cathode
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王玲
赵浩峰
陶昭灵
李树岭
刘妍慧
王巧玲
朱云广
阿穷
王艳茹
牟雯婷
白铁男
潘子云
张仕昭
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种陶瓷阴极复合材料及制备方法，按照如下质量百分比进行配料：三氧化二铬3‑6％，氧化铝1‑6％，氟化钠2‑6％、钠长石粉3‑5％，氧化镧0.1‑0.45％，石墨2‑6％，废玻璃2‑5％，余量为碳化硅。材料制备过程包括球磨，压片机上压制，电阻炉中烧结等步骤。本发明的材料以碳化硅为基体，其上分布各种导电离子如镧、铬、铝，不仅具有均匀的导电组织，而且具有健强的结构；石墨和碳化硅配合既可改善材料的减摩性，而且也保证了电极的导电性。本发明材料具有良好的稳定性和实用性，可广泛应用于电池等等领域。

Description

一种陶瓷阴极复合材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及金属材料领域，具体涉及一种陶瓷阴极复合材料及制备方法。
背景技术
由金属和陶瓷原料制成的材料，兼有金属和陶瓷的某些优点，如既具有金属的韧性、高导热性和良好的热稳定性，又具有陶瓷的耐高温、耐腐蚀和耐磨损等特性。
目前现有技术中公开的陶瓷阴极复合材料的制法，如专利CN201410328041.3中，钛铝金属-六方氮化硼陶瓷导电阴极材料的制备方法，涉及一种阴极材料的制备方法，解决现有采用陶瓷粉末制备的阴极导电性差的技术问题，将陶瓷相与金属相混合，倒入模具中，对模具进行加热处理，压制成形，得到金属陶瓷复合坯料，随空气冷却后，用锻压机将金属陶瓷复合坯料从模具中取出，空冷至室温，然后放入真空钎焊炉中，再进行车加工至直径为43mm的料坯，将坯料再次放入模具中，在200T锻压机上，保压20min，即得钛铝金属-六方氮化硼陶瓷导电阴极材料。但是该发明制得的材料的摩察系数还不够小，因此需要设计一种改进的陶瓷阴极复合材料制备方法。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对上述技术缺陷，提供一种陶瓷阴极复合材料，该材料具有良好的减摩性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案是：
一种陶瓷阴极复合材料，按照如下质量百分比进行配料：三氧化二铬3-6％，氧化铝1-6％，氟化钠2-6％、钠长石粉3-5％，氧化镧0.1-0.45％，石墨2-6％，废玻璃2-5％，余量为碳化硅。
其中废玻璃的成分为：Al2O3 6％，B2O3 0.5％，CaO 13％，ZnO 6％，BaO 4％，Na2O30.3％，K2O2 0.2％，Fe2O3 6％，Sb2O3 0.5％，余量为SiO2。
本发明还公开了一种陶瓷阴极复合材料的制备方法，材料制备过程包括如下步骤：
(a)按照三氧化二铬3-6％、氧化铝1-6％、氟化钠2-6％、钠长石粉3-5％、氧化镧0.1-0.45％、石墨2-6％、废玻璃2-5％，余量为碳化硅，进行配料、混合；
(b)将混合好的粉末样品放入球磨机中球磨，使粉末混合均匀；
(c)然后将磨好的粉末挤压紧实装入圆柱形模具，放置在压片机上压制；
(d)将压制好的样品放入电阻炉中烧结，保温，自然冷却到室温后将样品取出。
三氧化二铬、氧化铝、氟化钠、钠长石粉、氧化镧、石墨、碳化硅的纯度为99.9％。
步骤(b)中球磨的时间为48h。
步骤(c)中，压力片机压力为100MPa。
步骤(d)中烧结温度为1100-1200℃，保温时间为30-40分钟。
有益效果：
与现有技术相比，本发明的材料以碳化硅为基体，其上分布各种导电离子如镧、铬、铝，不仅具有均匀的导电组织，而且具有健强的结构；石墨和碳化硅配合既可改善材料的减摩性，而且也保证了电极的导电性。
该材料以本发明方法制得，由于石墨与碳化硅的还原性，有效的防止了材料的剧烈氧化，可以使材料表面与内部氧含量差异较小，使获得高性能稀土材料成为可能。由于氟化钠、钠长石粉、废玻璃的加入使材料的烧结温度大大降低，实现了节能环保的要求。
本发明材料具有良好的稳定性和实用性，可广泛应用于电池等等领域。
本发明的材料的制备方法充分利用了废料如废旧玻璃直接生产合金所用原材料，成分配比灵活，质量控制到位，并且可以降低成本，工艺简单、充分地利用含氧量高的粉末废料，环保、有效改善环境，具有很高的社会价值。本发明的组分配比合理、工艺简单、操作方便。
附图说明
图1：本发明的陶瓷阴极复合材料的显微镜图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
一种陶瓷阴极复合材料，按照如下质量百分比进行配料：三氧化二铬3-6％，氧化铝1-6％，氟化钠2-6％、钠长石粉3-5％，氧化镧0.1-0.45％，石墨2-6％，废玻璃2-5％，余量为碳化硅。其中废玻璃的成分为：Al2O3 6％，B2O3 0.5％，CaO 13％，ZnO 6％，BaO 4％，Na2O30.3％，K2O2 0.2％，Fe2O3 6％，Sb2O3 0.5％，余量为SiO2。
陶瓷阴极复合材料的制备方法，材料制备过程包括如下步骤：
(a)按照三氧化二铬3-6％、氧化铝1-6％、氟化钠2-6％、钠长石粉3-5％、氧化镧0.1-0.45％、石墨2-6％、废玻璃2-5％，余量为碳化硅，进行配料、混合；
(b)将混合好的粉末样品放入球磨机中球磨48h，使粉末混合均匀；
(c)然后将磨好的粉末挤压紧实装入圆柱形模具，放置在压片机上压制，压力片机压力为100MPa；
(d)将压制好的样品放入电阻炉中烧结，烧结温度为1100-1200℃，保温时间为30-40分钟，自然冷却到室温后将样品取出。
实施例1
材料组成质量百分比为：三氧化二铬3％，氧化铝1％，氟化钠2％、钠长石粉3％，氧化镧0.15％，石墨2％，废玻璃2％，余量为碳化硅。
实施例2
材料组成质量百分比为：三氧化二铬6％，氧化铝6％，氟化钠6％、钠长石粉5％，氧化镧0.45％，石墨6％，废玻璃5％，余量为碳化硅。
实施例3
材料组成质量百分比为：三氧化二铬5％，氧化铝3％，氟化钠4％、钠长石粉4％，氧化镧0.3％，石墨4％，废玻璃4％，余量为碳化硅。
实施例4
材料组成质量百分比为：三氧化二铬2％，氧化铝0.1％，氟化钠1％、钠长石粉2％，氧化镧0.05％，石墨1％，废玻璃1％，余量为碳化硅。
实施例5
材料组成质量百分比为：三氧化二铬8％，氧化铝7％，氟化钠7％、钠长石粉6％，氧化镧0.8％，石墨8％，废玻璃6％，余量为碳化硅。
对以上实施例1-5进行性能测定，实验制备的阴极材料进行摩擦系数实验，使用球-盘摩擦磨损试验机。载荷为200g，转速为600r/min，摩擦副为Si3N4材料，摩擦副半径为6.35mm。结果见表1：
表1对比例及实施例的材料性能测定
与现有技术相比，本发明的材料以碳化硅为基体，其上分布各种导电离子如镧、铬、铝，不仅具有均匀的导电组织，而且具有健强的结构；石墨和碳化硅配合既可改善材料的减摩性，而且也保证了电极的导电性。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，依据本发明的技术实质，对以上实施例所作的任何简单的修改、等同替换与改进等，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种陶瓷阴极复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：材料制备过程包括如下步骤：
(a)按照三氧化二铬3-6％、氧化铝1-6％、氟化钠2-6％、钠长石粉3-5％、氧化镧0.1-0.45％、石墨2-6％，废玻璃2-5％，余量为碳化硅，进行配料、混合；
(b)将混合好的粉末样品放入球磨机中球磨，使粉末混合均匀；
(c)然后将磨好的粉末挤压紧实装入圆柱形模具，放置在压片机上压制；
(d)将压制好的样品放入电阻炉中烧结，保温，自然冷却到室温后将样品取出。
2.如权利要求1所述的陶瓷阴极复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：三氧化二铬、氧化铝、氟化钠、钠长石粉、氧化镧、石墨、碳化硅的纯度为99.9％。
3.如权利要求1所述的陶瓷阴极复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(b)中球磨的时间为48h。
4.如权利要求1所述的陶瓷阴极复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(c)中，压力片机压力为100MPa。
5.如权利要求1所述的陶瓷阴极复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(d)中烧结温度为1100-1200℃，保温时间为30-40分钟。
6.权利要求1-5所制得的陶瓷阴极复合材料，其特征在于：按照如下质量百分比进行配料：三氧化二铬3-6％，氧化铝1-6％，氟化钠2-6％、钠长石粉3-5％，氧化镧0.1-0.45％，石墨2-6％，废玻璃2-5％，余量为碳化硅。
7.如权利要求6所述的陶瓷阴极复合材料，其特征在于：其中废玻璃的成分为：Al2O36％，B2O3 0.5％，CaO 13％，ZnO 6％，BaO 4％，Na2O3 0.3％，K2O2 0.2％，Fe2O3 6％，Sb2O30.5％，余量为SiO2。
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