CN106184040A - 用于制造车辆顶篷的方法 - Google Patents

用于制造车辆顶篷的方法 Download PDF

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CN106184040A
CN106184040A CN201610324770.0A CN201610324770A CN106184040A CN 106184040 A CN106184040 A CN 106184040A CN 201610324770 A CN201610324770 A CN 201610324770A CN 106184040 A CN106184040 A CN 106184040A
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inner liner
cosmetic inner
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CN106184040B (zh
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米格尔·安琪儿·格兰德·科利亚多
弗朗西斯科·哈维尔·梅里诺·罗霍
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Grupo Antolin Ingenieria SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B60R13/0212Roof or head liners
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B60R13/0212Roof or head liners
    • B60R13/0218Roof or head liners supported by adhesion with the roof panel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/16Lining or labelling
    • B29C51/165Lining or labelling combined with the feeding or the shaping of the lining or the labels
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/08Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only
    • B29C51/082Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only by shaping between complementary mould parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/14Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/10Thermosetting resins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0097Glues or adhesives, e.g. hot melts or thermofusible adhesives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/50Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by process specific features

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种用于制造车辆顶篷的方法,所述车辆顶篷包含基材和沿所述基材的一个面延伸的至少一个装饰内衬,所述基材和所述装饰内衬通过粘着剂层彼此连接,所述方法具体地说包括使用具有高粘度的热固性粘着剂使所述装饰内衬与事先成形的基材结合。本发明通过使粘着剂充分分布来建立对粘着剂的控制,从而在两个组件之间的整个接触面上产生持续的适当粘着并且防止弄脏装饰内衬,使得不增加用于执行装饰内衬与成形基材之间的粘着的装置或物质的成本。

Description

用于制造车辆顶篷的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造车辆顶篷的方法,所述车辆顶篷包含基材和沿所述基材的一个面延伸的至少一个装饰内衬,所述基材和所述装饰内衬通过粘着剂层连接。
具体地说,本发明的制造方法考虑用于通过使用具有高粘度的热固性粘着剂使装饰内衬与事先成形的基材连接的方法。
背景技术
将装饰内衬施加于事先成形的基材上对于向所述已成形的基材提供装饰性修整以确定顶篷来说是一个常见并且必需的动作。因此,装饰内衬主要具有美观性功能。
为实现所述美观性功能,必须确保装饰内衬与成形基材之间在整个接触面上的适当粘着,同时防止装饰内衬在连接过程期间变脏。
用于防止装饰内衬变脏的常规方式是通过将所述粘着剂施加于成形基材上而不是所述装饰内衬上来减少其暴露于粘着剂。展示此解决方案的一个实例是专利ES-8400291。
由于成形基材具有三维形状,一般具有复杂的形状,所以必须使用允许粘着剂到达将与装饰内衬接触的所有表面的粘着剂施加方法。
最常见的方法包括通过喷涂来施加粘着剂,其要求通过向粘着剂中添加溶剂(一般是水或有机溶剂)而使用具有低粘度的液体粘合剂。
尽管液体粘合剂的粘度低,但是施加于具有低孔隙率的成形基材上允许获得其最佳用途,而施加于装饰内衬上时并非如此,所述装饰内衬因其孔隙率而吸收一部分粘着剂,从而降低其有效性,并且甚至可能导致粘着剂的转移,同时导致弄脏装饰内衬。
将粘着剂喷涂于三维成形基材上的缺点之一是实现粘着剂的充分分布以获得良好粘着,这在顶篷的使用寿命内持续存在。这需要施加过量粘着剂。具体地说,在粘着剂已凝固之后,在所获得的顶篷中所得粘着剂层具有60至80 g/m2的克重。
使用液体粘合剂的另一个缺点是一旦已将粘着剂施加于成形基材即需要移除溶剂。
具体地说,在包含挥发性有机化合物作为溶剂的热固性液体粘合剂的情况下,必须提供额外的装置来捕获和处理所述挥发性有机化合物,从而增加使用这类热固性液体粘合剂的成本和复杂性。
在溶剂是水的热固性液体粘合剂的情况下,虽然这避免了排放和处理挥发性有机化合物的问题,但是它具有在施加于成形基材上之后需要干燥室来消除粘着剂中所含的水的缺点。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术情况,本发明的目的在于一种用于制造车辆顶篷的方法,并且具体地说是一种用于通过使用热固性粘着剂使装饰内衬与成形基材连接的方法,其中通过使粘着剂充分分布来建立对粘着剂的控制,从而在两个组件之间的整个接触面上产生持续的适当粘着并且防止弄脏装饰内衬,使得实现所述目标即不增加用于执行装饰内衬与成形基材之间的粘着的装置或物质的成本。本发明是通过独立权利要求加以界定和特征化,而附属权利要求描述其另外的特征。
本发明使用具有高粘度的热固性粘着剂来连接成形基材与装饰内衬允许将粘着剂直接施加于装饰内衬上,即施加于平面元件上,而粘着剂不会被吸收。
这允许热固性粘着剂在装饰内衬上适当分布,从而确保所述装饰内衬在整个接触面上持续粘着于成形基材上。
以此方式,控制所沉积的热固性粘着剂的量,从而将其调节至最低所需量。
因此,实际上所施加的所有热固性粘着剂均被使用,并且防止粘着剂的转移,由此防止在一种所述方式中所述装饰内衬可能变脏的情况。
粘着剂中不存在溶剂避免了对消除所述溶剂和为执行此过程所需要的装置的需要。
附图说明
图1示出了顶篷制造工艺的步骤的示意性视图。
图2示出了用于将高粘性热固性粘着剂施加于装饰内衬的方法。
具体实施方式
本发明公开一种用于制造车辆顶篷的方法,如图1所示,顶篷制造工艺以步骤a)开始,其包括布置事先成形的基材2和装饰内衬1。
所述成形基材2由一个或若干个层组成并且具有主要结构功能,即首先在其处理期间并且然后当组装于车辆上时在其寿命期间支撑典型载荷的顶篷10。
形成所述成形基材2的层可例如通过热成形工艺来成形,即使用同时施加热量和压力的工艺或通过使用压力的成形工艺。在两种情况下,目标都是获得特定几何形状。
装饰内衬1当组装于车辆中时形成顶篷10的可见面,并且因此具有装饰功能。
所述装饰内衬1可包含在车辆顶篷领域中通常采用的若干物质和结构。
在布置顶篷10的结构的主要组件之后,开始工艺的下一步骤,步骤b),其涉及在装饰内衬1上施加用3号转轴和20 rpm转速在25℃下测量布络克菲尔德粘度(Brookfield viscosity)在1000 mPa·s与2500 mPa·s之间的热固性粘着剂层3,以在后续步骤中连接成形基材2与装饰内衬1。
热固性粘着剂层3是使用允许具有高粘度的粘着剂受控并且均匀的分布的粘着剂施加构件4进行施加。
具体地说,图2示出了粘着剂施加构件4的实例,其包括粘着剂施加辊4.2,4.3,所述粘着剂施加辊包括与用于施加于装饰内衬1上的容器4.4中所含的热固性粘着剂接触的用于粘着剂投加的第一辊4.3,所述装饰内衬在所述第一投加辊4.3与第二支撑辊4.2之间移动,以在装饰内衬1上施加具有受控并且均匀的厚度的热固性粘着剂层3。
另一个实例(未示出)可包括“刮刀片”,其控制热固性粘着剂在装饰内衬1上的沉积,从而使得粘着剂借助于所述刮刀流动成连续薄片以按均匀并且受控的方式在装饰内衬1上沉积热固性粘着剂层3。
在装饰内衬1上施加热固性粘着剂层3之后,执行步骤c),其涉及将成形基材2引入热成形模具5中。
形状对应于成形基材2的形状的所述热成形模具5包括第一半模5.1和第二半模5.2并且是在110℃与150℃之间的温度下。
然后开始步骤d),其包括引入装饰内衬1加上热固性粘着剂层3,所述热固性粘着剂层在步骤b)中施加于成形基材2上,使得热固性粘着剂层3在成形基材2的正面。
出于这个目的,第二半模5.1可包括用于装饰内衬1的拉伸构件5.1.1以确保其充分拉紧。以此方式,防止了当模具闭合时在所述装饰内衬1上的起皱外观。
下一步骤e)包括闭合热成形模具5并且在装饰内衬1和成形基材2上施加压力,以通过组合施加热量和压力来使这两者使用热固性粘着剂层3连接。
在步骤e)中,装饰内衬1被拉伸并且被调节至成形基材的几何形状,以建立这两者在整个接触面上的结合。
最后,步骤f)包括打开热成形模具5并且移出具有特定几何形状的顶篷10。
优选地,在粘着剂已经凝固之后,在所获得的顶篷中所得粘着剂层具有10至35 g/m2的克重,这证实在本发明的制造工艺中所用的粘合剂减少。

Claims (3)

1. 一种用于制造车辆顶篷的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
a) 布置事先成形的基材(2)和装饰内衬(1),
b) 在所述装饰内衬(1)上施加用3号转轴和20 rpm转速在25℃下测量布络克菲尔德粘度在1000mPa·s与2500 mPa·s之间的热固性粘着剂层(3),
c) 在110℃与150℃之间的温度下将所述成形基材(2)引入热成形模具(5)中,
d) 在所述成形基材(2)上引入所述装饰内衬(1)以及所述热固性粘着剂层(3),使得所述热固性粘着剂层(3)在所述成形基材(2)的正面,
e) 闭合所述热成形模具(5)并且施加压力以建立所述装饰内衬(1)与所述成形基材(2)之间通过所述热固性粘着剂层(3)的结合,
f) 打开所述热成形模具(5)并取出所述顶篷(10)。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于制造车辆顶篷的方法,其特征在于,其中所述粘着剂施加步骤b)是使用粘着剂施加辊来执行的。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于制造车辆顶篷的方法,其特征在于,其中在步骤f)中所获得的所述顶篷上凝固之后所述热固性粘着剂层具有10 g/m2至35 g/m2的克重。
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