CN106172185A - A kind of calf integration method for breeding - Google Patents
A kind of calf integration method for breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN106172185A CN106172185A CN201610537819.0A CN201610537819A CN106172185A CN 106172185 A CN106172185 A CN 106172185A CN 201610537819 A CN201610537819 A CN 201610537819A CN 106172185 A CN106172185 A CN 106172185A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of calf integration method for breeding, including feeding program, care program and immune programme for children；Being born in latter 1 hour calf and gavage colostrum, calf immunity is strong, fall ill less, survival rate is high, is born the 4th day calf and starts to feed acidifying milk, particulate material and drinking water simultaneously, grows tempering calf cud, prevents the calf cud that affects particular about food from growing simultaneously；After calf 40 age in days, suitably reduce the scale of feeding of acidifying milk, drinking water sufficient supplies, to temper the growth of calf cud, be conducive to weaning period transition；After calf 60 age in days, enter weaning period, in described weaning period, reduce the scale of feeding of acidifying milk day by day to weaning completely, with the scale of feeding of limit particulate material, can effectively reduce ablactation stress reaction, and prevent calf from excessively searching for food under starvation particulate material；After it's one week pasts weaning period, use free choice feeding mode to calf fed granules material, drinking water sufficient supplies；The inventive method feeds the survival rate of calf and is up to more than 94%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to breeding technique field, be specifically related to a kind of calf integration method for breeding.
Background technology
Improving constantly the gradually improvement with diet structure along with national life level, our consumer is for the product of beef
Matter requires to be obviously improved, and particularly top grade beef product presents, in China market, the situation that supply falls short of demand." top grade beef " is
Refer to by selecting outstanding beef breed, the technology such as raised, persistently fatten by calf breeding, scientific formula and specifically butcher
Division processing technique, produces intramuscular fat deposition and enriches, have the high-grade snowflakes beef of " high density marbling ", with it
The feature that fine and tender taste, fragrance are dense, enjoys China consumers, occupies superiority in top grade beef market.At present,
The manufacturing enterprise of China's high-grade beef cattle is few in number, and industrialized scale is had not yet been formed, and the quality and quantity of domestic top grade beef is remote
Can not meet market comsupton needs, the whole nation more than 90% top grade beef needs import.According to statistics, China's freezing beef in 2010
Import volume reaches 2.37 ten thousand tons, increases by 67.4% than upper one year.
In each link that top grade beef produces, standby calf breeding is the important step determining top grade beef quality, respectively
Top grade beef manufacturing enterprise to producing, that purchase meets standby calf needs of the standard of fattening is urgent, and at present " small group, greatly
Scale " under the conditions of beef cattle breeding mode, the calf of cultivation unit supply all cannot meet demand on quality and quantity, how to train
Educate and reach the high-quality standby calf of fattening high-grade beef cattle standard and become urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of strong operability, easy to control, beef product
The calf integration method for breeding that matter is good.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of calf integration method for breeding, including feeding program, care program and immune programme for children, described in feed program bag
Include following steps:
(1) calf gavages colostrum for the first time in being born latter 1 hour, and the amount of gavaging is 3.5-4.0 kilogram/head；From at the beginning of second time
Breast starts, and feeds 3 days colostrums, 2-3 times/day, thousand grams/times/head of 1.5-2；
(2) within the 4th day, starting to feed acidifying milk, particulate material and drinking water from birth, the scale of feeding of described acidifying milk is simultaneously
1.5-2.0 kilogram/head, 2-3 times/day, feeding as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies of described particulate material；
(3), after calf 40 age in days, the scale of feeding of acidifying milk is reduced to 0.5-1.0 kilogram/head, 1-2 times/day；Particulate material
Scale of feeding is 0.6-1.2 kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies；
(4) entering weaning period after calf 60 age in days, described weaning period continues 3-4 days, reduces day by day in described weaning period
The scale of feeding of acidifying milk is to weaning completely；In after entrance weaning period to wean completely one week, the scale of feeding of particulate material is
0.48-0.96 kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies；
(5) weaning period is in the past after one week, feeding as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies of described particulate material.
Described colostrum is heated to 35-40 DEG C feed again；Feeding bottle is used to carry out feeding of described colostrum.And preferred institute
Stating colostrum is the female beestings of more than two tires, and this is owing to present inventor finds in long-term practice, the two above cows of tire
Colostrum make calf immunity higher.
Described acidifying milk being heated to 35-40 DEG C feed, the temperature of described drinking water is 15-40 DEG C again.
After described acidifying milk is heated to 35-40 DEG C, in described acidifying milk, add gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation, described stomach and intestine movable
The interpolation quality changing bacteria preparation accounts for the 0.05%-0.1% of described acidifying milk quality, then feeds.
The pH of described gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation is 3-4.5, the concentration 1 of lactobacillus casei in described gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation
×108Cfu/ml, the concentration 1 × 10 of bacillus acidophilus8Cfu/ml, the concentration 1 × 10 of saccharomyces cerevisiae9Cfu/ml, hay bud
The concentration 1 × 10 of spore bacillus8cfu/ml。
Described acidifying milk is adopted and is prepared with the following method: adding formic acid in fresh milk, the interpolation quality of described formic acid accounts for institute
State the 0.2-0.4% of fresh milk quality, stir 8-10h, obtain the acidifying milk that pH is 4.6-4.8.
The composition of described particulate material includes crude protein 28-45 weight portion, mannan 2.5-10 weight portion, amino-acid state
Nitrogen 2.5-10 weight portion.Described particulate material has enhancing Animal nutrition, enhancing immunity, raising nutrition absorption rate, promotes calf
Gastrointestinal development and advocate colony balance, promote animal somatic cell regeneration with repair effect.
Described care program includes:
(1) calf of just birth is weighed, registration；
(2) firm postnatal calf is carried out colony house division, individually raise, in described colony house, be equipped with bed；
(3) every 7-10 days grooming cattle bodies, the colony house clear up described bed of sterilizing every day.
Described bed be bacterium bed, husky bed, pad grass bed any one.
Described immune programme for children is:
To postnatal calf, inoculate foot and mouth disease tervalence inactivated vaccine, every inoculation 1.5ml.
The invention have the benefit that
Calf integration method for breeding of the present invention, described in feed in program, being born in latter 1 hour calf gavages
Colostrum, the amount of gavaging is 3.5-4.0 kilogram/head, from the beginning of second time colostrum, feeds 3 days colostrums, 2-3 times/day, 1.5-2 kilogram/
Secondary/head；Of the present invention feed colostrum amount in the case of, calf immunity is strong, fall ill less, survival rate is high, goes out calf
Within raw 4th day, starting to feed acidifying milk, particulate material and drinking water, the scale of feeding of described acidifying milk is 1.5-2.0 kilogram/head simultaneously,
2-3 times/day, described particulate material feed as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies, so can temper calf cud and grow,
Prevent the calf cud that affects particular about food from growing simultaneously；After calf 40 age in days, suitably reduce the scale of feeding of acidifying milk, feeding of particulate material
Amount is 0.6-1.2 kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies, thus tempers calf cud further and grow, and is conducive to wean
Phase transition；After calf 60 age in days, enter weaning period, in described weaning period, reduce the scale of feeding of acidifying milk day by day to the most disconnected
Milk, with the scale of feeding of limit particulate material, can effectively reduce ablactation stress reaction, and prevent calf from excessively adopting under starvation
Food particulate material, and cause the diseases such as abdominal distention, ruminal tympany, dyspepsia to occur；After it's one week pasts weaning period, use free choice feeding side
Formula, to calf fed granules material, drinking water sufficient supplies, is delivered for sale；Data show, the survival rate that the inventive method feeds calf is high
Reach more than 94%.Through inspection, after the calf using method for breeding of the present invention to feed grows up, meat color is pink, fat
Fat color and luster snowy white, beef quality is good；And feeding method of the present invention is workable, easy to control.
In the care program of method for breeding of the present invention, weighing the calf of just birth, labelling, afterwards according to meat
Cattle growth performance, results of regular determination calf body weight, body chi, height, thus the growth and development state of the most each calf；Disconnected
Before milk, calf is individually raised, and prevents from licking mutually and cross infection of disease；Every 7-10 days grooming cattle bodies, blood circulation promoting and
Metabolism；Sterilize every day colony house clear up described bed, so that bed keeps being dried, health, can effectively prevent and control
The propagation of infectious disease and spreading.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment selects a collection of new-born calve (12), adopts and raises with the following method:
Feed program as follows:
(1) mucus in calf mouth and nose is cleared up immediately after birth, it is ensured that calf autonomous respiration；Cut off calf umbilical cord and ligature
The calf umbilical cord broken ends of fractured bone, the iodine tincture with 5% carries out umbilical cord sterilization, prevents infection of navel cord；Allow big cattle lick and lick calf 15min-30min,
And with towel, calf is wiped, then calf is transferred in the nursery of 15 DEG C-21 DEG C, and wears ear to calf immediately
Board, carries out registration record；
(2) calf gavages colostrum for the first time in being born latter 1 hour, and the amount of gavaging is 3.5 kilograms/head；Open from second time colostrum
Begin, feed 3 days colostrums, 2 times/day, 1.5 thousand grams/times/head；Colostrum needs first to be heated to 35 DEG C, then feeds with feeding bottle；
(3) within the 4th day, starting to feed acidifying milk, particulate material and drinking water from birth, acidifying milk needs first to be heated to 35 simultaneously
DEG C feeding, the scale of feeding of described acidifying milk is 1.5 kilograms/head, 2 times/day, feeding as freely adopting of described particulate material again
Food, drinking water sufficient supplies, the temperature of drinking water is 15 DEG C；
Described acidifying milk is adopted and is prepared with the following method: adding formic acid in fresh milk, the interpolation quality of described formic acid accounts for institute
State the 0.3% of fresh milk quality, stir 9h, obtain the acidifying milk that pH is 4.7；
The composition of described particulate material includes crude protein 28g, mannan 10g, amino-acid nitrogen 2.5g；
(4), after calf 40 age in days, the scale of feeding of acidifying milk is reduced to 0.5 kilogram/head, 1 times/day；In described particulate material
Adding diabetes involving middle-JIAO agent to feed, scale of feeding is 0.6 kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies again；
(5) entering weaning period after calf 60 age in days, described weaning period continues 3 days, reduces acid in described weaning period day by day
Change the scale of feeding of milk to weaning completely；In after entrance weaning period to wean completely one week, the scale of feeding of particulate material is 0.48
Kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies；
(6) weaning period is in the past after one week, feeding as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies of described particulate material.
Described care program is as follows:
(1) calf of just birth is weighed, registration；
(2) postnatal calf is carried out colony house division, individually raise, in described colony house, be equipped with bacterium bed；
(3) every 7 days grooming cattle bodies, every day to nipple or other feed utensil and carry out soaking disinfection, colony house of sterilizing every day
And clear up described bacterium bed.
Described immune programme for children is:
To postnatal calf, inoculate foot and mouth disease O, Asia I type tervalence inactivated vaccine, every inoculation 1.5ml.
Result shows, uses the described method for breeding of the present embodiment, and survival rate is up to 94%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment selects a collection of new-born calve (16) else, adopts and raises with the following method:
Feed program as follows:
(1) mucus in calf mouth and nose is cleared up immediately after birth, it is ensured that calf autonomous respiration；Cut off calf umbilical cord and ligature
The calf umbilical cord broken ends of fractured bone, the iodine tincture with 5% carries out umbilical cord sterilization, prevents infection of navel cord；Allow big cattle lick and lick calf 15min-30min,
And with towel, calf is wiped, then calf is transferred in the nursery of 15 DEG C-21 DEG C, and wears ear to calf immediately
Board, carries out registration record；
(2) calf gavages colostrum for the first time in being born latter 1 hour, and the amount of gavaging is 4.0 kilograms/head；Open from second time colostrum
Begin, feed 3 days colostrums, 3 times/day, 2,000 grams/times/head；Colostrum needs first to be heated to 40 DEG C, then feeds with feeding bottle；
(3) within the 4th day, start to feed acidifying milk, particulate material and the drinking water of interpolation gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation from birth simultaneously,
Acidifying milk needs first to be heated to 40 DEG C and feeds, and the scale of feeding of described acidifying milk is 2.0 kilograms/head, 3 times/day, described
Pellet feed as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies, the temperature of drinking water is 40 DEG C；
The acidifying milk of described interpolation gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation is adopted and is prepared with the following method:
(S1) adding formic acid in fresh milk, the interpolation quality of described formic acid accounts for the 0.2% of described fresh milk quality, stirring
10h, obtains the acidifying milk that pH is 4.8；
(S2) in described acidifying milk, ABC gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation (being provided by ETS company), described ABC stomach and intestine movable are added
The pH changing bacteria preparation is 3-4.5, and the interpolation quality of described ABC gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation accounts for the 0.05% of described acidifying milk quality,
Obtain the acidifying milk of described interpolation gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation；
The composition of described particulate material includes crude protein 45g, mannan 2.5g, amino-acid nitrogen 10g；
(4), after calf 40 age in days, the scale of feeding of acidifying milk is reduced to 1.0 kilograms/head, 2 times/day；In described particulate material
Adding diabetes involving middle-JIAO agent to feed, scale of feeding is 1.2 kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies again；
(5) entering weaning period after calf 60 age in days, described weaning period continues 4 days, reduces acid in described weaning period day by day
Change the scale of feeding of milk to weaning completely；In after entrance weaning period to wean completely one week, the scale of feeding of particulate material is 0.96
Kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies；
(6) after it's one week pasts weaning period, feeding as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies of described particulate material.
Described care program is as follows:
(1) calf of just birth is weighed, registration；
(2) postnatal calf is carried out colony house division, individually raise, in described colony house, be equipped with husky bed；
(3) every 10 days grooming cattle bodies, every day to feeding bottle or other feed utensil and carry out soaking disinfection, colony house of sterilizing every day
And clear up described husky bed, the sand sand of husky bed being replaced by dried and clean in every 7 days.
Described immune programme for children is:
To postnatal calf, inoculate foot and mouth disease tervalence inactivated vaccine, every inoculation 1.5ml.
Result shows, uses the described method for breeding of the present embodiment, and survival rate is up to 95%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment selects a collection of new-born calve (16) else, adopts and raises with the following method:
Feed program as follows:
(1) mucus in calf mouth and nose is cleared up immediately after birth, it is ensured that calf autonomous respiration；Cut off calf umbilical cord and ligature
The calf umbilical cord broken ends of fractured bone, the iodine tincture with 5% carries out umbilical cord sterilization, prevents infection of navel cord；Allow big cattle lick and lick calf 15min-30min,
And with towel, calf is wiped, then calf is transferred in the nursery of 15 DEG C-21 DEG C, and wears ear to calf immediately
Board, carries out registration record；
(2) calf gavages colostrum for the first time in being born latter 1 hour, and the amount of gavaging is 3.8 kilograms/head；Open from second time colostrum
Begin, feed 3 days colostrums, 3 times/day, 1.8 thousand grams/times/head；Colostrum needs first to be heated to 38 DEG C, then feeds with feeding bottle；
(3) within the 4th day, starting to feed acidifying milk, particulate material and drinking water from birth, acidifying milk needs first to be heated to 38 simultaneously
DEG C feeding, the scale of feeding of described acidifying milk is 1.8 kilograms/head, 2 times/day, feeding as freely adopting of described particulate material again
Food, drinking water sufficient supplies, the temperature of drinking water is 38 DEG C；
The acidifying milk of described interpolation gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation is adopted and is prepared with the following method:
(S1) adding formic acid in fresh milk, the interpolation quality of described formic acid accounts for the 0.4% of described fresh milk quality, stirring
8h, obtains the acidifying milk that pH is 4.6；
(S2) adding gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation in described acidifying milk, the pH of described gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation is 3-4.5, institute
The interpolation quality stating gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation accounts for the 0.1% of described acidifying milk quality, obtains described interpolation gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation
Acidifying milk；
The concentration 1 × 10 of lactobacillus casei in described gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation8Cfu/ml, the concentration 1 of bacillus acidophilus
×108Cfu/ml, the concentration 1 × 10 of saccharomyces cerevisiae9Cfu/ml, the concentration 1 × 10 of bacillus subtilis8cfu/ml；
The composition of described particulate material includes crude protein 35g, mannan 7.5g, amino-acid nitrogen 7.5g；
(4), after calf 40 age in days, the scale of feeding of acidifying milk is reduced to 0.8 kilogram/head, 1 times/day；In described particulate material
Adding diabetes involving middle-JIAO agent to feed, scale of feeding is 0.9 kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies again；
(5) entering weaning period after calf 60 age in days, described weaning period continues 3 days, reduces acid in described weaning period day by day
Change the scale of feeding of milk to weaning completely；In after entrance weaning period to wean completely one week, the scale of feeding of particulate material is 0.86
Kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies；
(6) after it's one week pasts weaning period, feeding as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies of described particulate material.
Described care program is as follows:
(1) calf of just birth is weighed, registration；
(2) postnatal calf is carried out colony house division, individually raise, in described colony house, be equipped with pad grass bed；
(3) every 9 days grooming cattle bodies, every day to feeding bottle or other feed utensil and carry out soaking disinfection, colony house of sterilizing every day
And clear up described pad grass bed, every three days, change pad grass every day in summer winter.
Described immune programme for children is:
To postnatal calf, inoculate foot and mouth disease tervalence inactivated vaccine, every inoculation 1.5ml.
Result shows, uses the described method for breeding of the present embodiment, and survival rate is up to 96%.
Experimental example
Calf feeding method described in embodiment of the present invention 1-3 fed, meat color is pink, and fat color is snow-white
Color, beef quality is good；And feeding method of the present invention is workable, easy to control.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and anyone can show that under the enlightenment of the present invention other are various
The product of form, no matter but in its shape or structure, make any change, every have same as the present application or akin skill
Art scheme, within all falling within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a calf integration method for breeding, including feeding program, care program and immune programme for children, it is characterised in that described
The program of feeding comprises the steps:
(1) calf gavages colostrum for the first time in being born latter 1 hour, and the amount of gavaging is 3.5-4.0 kilogram/head；Open from second time colostrum
Begin, feed 3 days colostrums, 2-3 times/day, thousand grams/times/head of 1.5-2；
(2) within the 4th day, starting to feed acidifying milk, particulate material and drinking water from birth, the scale of feeding of described acidifying milk is 1.5-simultaneously
2.0 kilograms/head, 2-3 times/day, feeding as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies of described particulate material；
(3), after calf 40 age in days, the scale of feeding of acidifying milk is reduced to 0.5-1.0 kilogram/head, 1-2 times/day；Feeding of particulate material
Amount is 0.6-1.2 kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies；
(4) entering weaning period after calf 60 age in days, described weaning period continues 3-4 days, reduces acidifying in described weaning period day by day
The scale of feeding of milk is to weaning completely；In after entrance weaning period to wean completely one week, the scale of feeding of particulate material is 0.48-
0.96 kilogram/day/head, drinking water sufficient supplies；
(5) weaning period is in the past after one week, feeding as free choice feeding, drinking water sufficient supplies of described particulate material.
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described colostrum is heated to 35-40
DEG C feed again；Feeding bottle is used to carry out feeding of described colostrum.
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described acidifying milk is heated to 35-
40 DEG C feed again, and the temperature of described drinking water is 15-40 DEG C.
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described acidifying milk is heated to 35-40
After DEG C, adding gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation in described acidifying milk, the interpolation quality of described gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation accounts for described acidifying
The 0.05%-0.1% of milk quality, then feed.
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the pH of described gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation
For 3-4.5, the concentration 1 × 10 of lactobacillus casei in described gastrointestinal activation bacteria preparation8Cfu/ml, the concentration 1 of bacillus acidophilus
×108Cfu/ml, the concentration 1 × 10 of saccharomyces cerevisiae9Cfu/ml, the concentration 1 × 10 of bacillus subtilis8cfu/ml。
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described acidifying milk is adopted with the following method
Preparation:
Adding formic acid in fresh milk, the interpolation quality of described formic acid accounts for the 0.2-0.4% of described fresh milk quality, stirs 8-
10h, obtains the acidifying milk that pH is 4.6-4.8.
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the composition of described particulate material includes
Crude protein 28-45 weight portion, mannan 2.5-10 weight portion, amino-acid nitrogen 2.5-10 weight portion.
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described care program includes:
(1) calf of just birth is weighed, registration；
(2) calf of just birth is carried out colony house division, individually raise, in described colony house, be equipped with bed；
(3) every 7-10 days grooming cattle bodies, the colony house clear up described bed of sterilizing every day.
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described bed is bacterium bed, husky bed, pad
Grass bed any one.
Calf integration method for breeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described immune programme for children is:
To postnatal calf, inoculate foot and mouth disease tervalence inactivated vaccine, every inoculation 1.5ml.
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| CN109006692A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2018-12-18 | 草原和牛投资有限公司 | A kind of method for breeding of lotus and F1 generation calf |
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Application publication date: 20161207 Assignee: Ningxia Animal Husbandry Machinery Co., Ltd. Assignor: Ningxia Liming Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2017640000002 Denomination of invention: Integrated breeding method for calf License type: Common License Record date: 20170317 |
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