CN106132665A - 中空容器的封口方法，用这种方法得到的封口容器以及这种封口容器的使用 - Google Patents

中空容器的封口方法，用这种方法得到的封口容器以及这种封口容器的使用 Download PDF

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CN106132665A
CN106132665A CN201580017381.7A CN201580017381A CN106132665A CN 106132665 A CN106132665 A CN 106132665A CN 201580017381 A CN201580017381 A CN 201580017381A CN 106132665 A CN106132665 A CN 106132665A
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M·德里安
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Sidel SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81425—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being stepped, e.g. comprising a shoulder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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Abstract

中空的容器(1)的封口方法，容器(1)具有颈部(5)，颈部限定朝向容器(1)内的开口(8)，封口方法包括以下工序：将片材(10)贴敷在容器(1)的开口(8)的整个边缘(7)上，以覆盖开口(8)，用模具(11)将片材(10)冲压在容器(1)的颈部(5)的开口(8)上，以致片材(10)形成凸缘(14)、中央区域(13)和在凸缘(14)与中央区域(13)之间进行接合的梯级高度(15)，梯级高度(15)与颈部(5)的内壁进行接触，冲压的片材(10)固定在颈部(5)上，确保片材(10)连接在容器(1)的主体(2)上。

Description

中空容器的封口方法，用这种方法得到的封口容器以及这种 封口容器的使用
技术领域
本发明涉及例如中空的可通常用于液体或食品的容器、容器的封口方法及其使用。
一般来说，本发明涉及容器的封口领域，所述容器尤其是具有颈部的瓶子和砖形体，颈部形成容器上的收敛部分。
背景技术
实际上，容器一般具有一个主体，主体限定一个灌装容积，主体在下端部由一个底部封闭。主体上面有一个开口颈部，开口颈部的截面小于主体的截面，因而形成收敛部分，以便制品从容器流出。主体例如由一个热塑性材料预型件吹制或拉制吹制而成，颈部预先固定于预型件，或者通常是预型件的组成部分。主体也可以是一个例如压制纤维板砖形体，其上嵌装一个塑料颈部。一旦主体灌装完毕，一个封口系统嵌装在颈部上，封闭容器。
市场上通常有两类封口系统。
第一类是在颈部上形成与盖子暂时固定的固定件。盖子为一刚性件，例如塑料件，其尺寸使之覆盖颈部与开口。临时固定件例如是扣锁式固定件，或者是颈部上与盖子的反螺纹配合的螺纹式固定件。
EP0941938提出该第一类封口系统的实施例。
这种盖子的优越性尤其是提供安全可靠乃至密封的封闭，可多次取下盖子以打开容器，再盖上盖子以密封封闭容器，而不降低封闭质量。
但是，这种刚性盖子制造成本高。此外，必须根据适合于盖子的尺寸，使用安装在颈部上的专用固定件，使颈部形状复杂化，从而增大生产成本。
第二类是在开口上面贴一个挠性材料片，通常是铝片，覆盖颈部。因此，片材例如通过胶接或热封固定在颈部上。为了打开容器，必须撕掉颈部上的固定片材。在该第二类中，片材可附加一个外盖，即一个辅助盖子，其嵌装在片材的上面。
该第二类封口系统的一个优越性是，当片材不附加一个外盖时，成本低于第一类盖子。实际上，构成片材的材料量少于第一类盖子的材料量。另外，片材在颈部上的固定不需要在颈部上形成辅助件，因而简化颈部的设计和制造。因此，该第二类封口系统一般安装在其颈部要形成这种辅助件不足够长的瓶子上。
但是，一旦片材与颈部之间的固定撕开，片材就不能封闭容器。实际上，即使片材可置于颈部的开口上，也不再起固定件的作用。容器不再密封封闭。因此，内装物可能由于不当心而从容器洒出，或者异物可能进入容器中。
因此，需要一种配有新型封口系统的容器，提供尤其是弥补前述缺陷的解决方案。
发明内容
为此，本发明首先提出中空的容器的封口方法。容器具有主体，主体延伸在上端与下端之间，上端的上面是颈部，颈部在容器上形成收缩部分并限定朝向容器内的开口，下端具有底部，底部封闭容器，其特征在于，封口方法包括以下工序：
-将片材贴敷在容器的开口的整个边缘上，以覆盖开口，
-用模具将片材冲压在容器的颈部的开口上，以致片材形成按压在开口的整个边缘上的凸缘、围绕凸缘且处于与凸缘错开的平面上的中央区域、以及在凸缘与中央区域之间的接合区域，接合区域形成梯级高度，梯级高度与颈部内壁进行接触，
-冲压的片材固定在颈部上，确保片材连接在容器的主体上。
本发明的封口方法尤其可用片材简单且经济地形成一个盖子。冲压操作时成形的片材的形状适合于以后的再封装。
根据本发明，所述方法可具有以下特征：
-片材用热塑性材料制成，从而尤其使之价廉，特别是适合于冲压。实际上，热塑性材料片材的延展性易于通过加热控制；
-片材有至少一部分延伸在开口边缘以外，以便在冲压工序之后形成抓握区域。抓握区域尤其便于通过拉开成形的片材打开容器；
-固定工序包括片材与颈部之间的熔接工序。熔接可在颈部与片材之间进行安全可靠的快速固定；
-熔接在凸缘与开口的整个边缘之间进行，使片材的凸缘与开口的边缘进行密封接触。因此，容器内装物的保藏得到保证；
-熔接在梯级高度与颈部的内壁之间进行，使梯级高度与颈部内壁密封接触；
-熔接工序与冲压工序同时进行，缩短所述方法的实施时间，从而降低成本；
-固定工序包括片材与颈部之间的胶接工序。胶接也在成本方面构成一种适合的方法，适于使片材固定在颈部上；
-冲压工序附加以片材加热工序，以便从片材成形盖子；
-容器的颈部用热塑性材料制成；
-容器的主体用热塑性材料制成。因此，主体例如用一个预型件在一个模型中吹制或拉制吹制的方法获得，或者用模制方法获得。
其次，本发明提出一种用如上所述的方法获得的封口容器，其中，颈部不配有螺纹，或者颈部不配有锁紧件。
第三，本发明提出根据上述方法的封口容器的使用，其具有开启步骤和关闭步骤，在开启步骤，片材与容器之间的固定被破坏，片材与容器主体分离，使之开启，在关闭步骤，片材的凸缘置于开口边缘上，中央区域封闭开口。
附图说明
为了能够实施，本发明在下面参照附图进行十分清楚的和全面的说明，附图如下：
－图1示出瓶子类型的容器，其具有本发明的封口系统；
－图2是图1所示封口系统的俯视图；
－图3是图1和2所示封口系统的剖面图；
－图4至8相继地每个示出获得图1所示容器的方法的一道工序。
具体实施方式
图1示出沿纵向轴线X延伸的容器1。容器1例如是瓶子，用于盛放饮料液体。
容器1具有一个主体2，主体延伸在上端3与下端4之间。
下文中，用语“下”、“上”、“高”、“低”等参照附图使用，用于更便于理解。其不应理解为本发明范围的限制。
上端3的上面沿主轴线X的方向是一个颈部5，颈部的横截面小于主体2的横截面。一个凸肩6使颈部5连接于主体2的上端3。因此，颈部5形成容器1上的一个收缩部分。颈部5具有一个开口自由端7，开口自由端形成朝向容器1内的开口8的边缘(如图4上标示的)。
下面，用语“内”、“外”、“中”、“里”等参照容器1使用，限定一个内部空间。
容器1的主体2的下端4由一个底部9封闭。
如图1所示，容器1可以具有围绕纵向轴线X回转对称的整体形状。但是，这种对称性不是在任何情况下都需要的。开口8及其边缘7例如具有圆形横截面。
容器1可用热塑性材料例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)制成，并且例如通过模制方法从预型件吹制或拉制吹制而成。作为变型，容器的主体2用纸板盒制成；用热塑性材料制成的颈部5刚性固定在主体2上。颈部5具有一个横向凸起的凸缘5'，其在不同的容器制造工序时用于支承。
颈部5的开口8由一个根据封口方法成形为盖子的片材10封口，现在说明封口方法。
所谓成形，这里是指进行永久变形。
片材10起初呈薄材料盘形，其厚度为毫米数量级或更薄。片材10用易延展材料制成，即其用于在最小应力作用下塑性变形而不断裂。例如，其用热成形材料制成，即其可在温度提高之后进行不断裂的塑性变形。
在第一道工序中，片材10贴敷在容器1的开口8的整个边缘7上。盘形片材10以纵向轴线X为圆心，以完全覆盖开口8。
在第二道冲压工序中，片材10冲压在开口8上。为此，一个模具11具有一个与开口8及其边缘7相应的型腔12。模具11沿纵向轴线X平移活动。作为变型，是容器1沿纵向轴线X平移活动。更确切地说，模具11的型腔12由两个部分形成。第一部分12a在厘米数量级的距离上沿纵向轴线X延伸，其横截面基本上相应于颈部5的内横截面。第二部分12b也沿纵向轴线X延伸，其横截面的尺寸大于开口8的横截面的尺寸。在冲压工序时，模具11的型腔12的第一部分12a与片材10相接触，通过开口8进入颈部5内，直至第二部分12b支靠在开口8的边缘7上，使片材10紧压在边缘7上。
为了便于实施冲压工序，热成形材料片材10可被加热。加热可在冲压之前或冲压期间进行，模具11因而具有为此配置的加热器。
模具11在需要时参与加热工序，因此在片材10上施加足够的应力，以使之塑性变形。
因此，片材10通过冲压成形为盖子的、在需要时进行冷却，片材10具有一个中央区域13，中央区域在厘米数量级的距离上由开口8进入容器内。中央区域13被凸缘14围绕，凸缘按压在开口8的边缘7上。片材10的中央区域13和凸缘14沿纵向轴线X彼此错开(换句话说，凸缘14与中央区域13处于错开的平面上)。因此，在变形时，一个接合区域15在中央区域13与片材10的凸缘14之间形成。接合区域在凸缘14与中央区域13之间构成一个梯级高度15，并有利地与颈部5的内壁进行接触。中央区域13具有圆形横截面，其适合于开口8。片材10的凸缘14也为圆形，尤其限制开口8的边缘7以外的体积。
第三道工序称为固定工序，冲压的片材10固定在颈部5上，从而确保片材10连接在容器1的主体2上。
根据一种实施方式，固定是通过在片材10的凸缘14与开口8的边缘7之间进行熔接来实施。作为变型，或者以结合的方式，熔接实施在梯级高度15与颈部5的内壁之间。
熔接工序可与冲压工序同时进行。为此，模具11配有加热器，使片材10，以及在需要时使颈部5，具有足够的温度以进行熔接。
作为变型，通过胶接进行固定。为此，例如，在片材10的贴敷工序之前，颈部5的开口8的边缘7预先覆以一层胶层，最好是食用胶层。模具11对片材10施加在边缘7上的压力确保胶凝结在片材10上。
固定工序确保片材10的凸缘14与边缘7之间和/或梯级高度15与颈部5的内壁之间的密封接触。
当模具沿纵向轴线X移动、远离片材10时，片材10保持刚性固定在颈部5上。
因此，片材10形成一个盖子，阻止液体流出容器，且阻止外部物体进入容器中。
为了便于除去片材10开启容器，片材10可具有一个从片材10的凸缘14横向凸起的部分，其形成抓握区域16，如图1和2所示。
作为变型，凸缘14可为方形，开口8位于其中。凸缘14的角延伸在开口8的边缘7以外，从而形成抓握区域。
显然，凸缘14，以及整体的片材10，可为任何形状，覆盖开口8。
为了开启容器，使用者握持抓握区域16，施加作用力，撕开片材10与颈部5之间的固定。因此，片材10与容器1分离。但是，片材10保持其盖子形态，即具有中央区域13、凸缘14和梯级高度15。片材10的材料和厚度选择可在固定被破坏时，使片材10避免破碎。
为了封闭容器，片材10可置于开口8的上面，同时中央区域13插入开口8中，使之封口，片材10的凸缘14按压在边缘7上。尽管固定被破坏，成形为盖子的片材10的形状允许片材10与容器1之间的连接，限制容器内装物流出容器的危险，或限制异物进入容器1中的危险。
片材10可用挠性材料或刚性材料制成。
所谓挠性，这里是指在容器1正常使用的条件下，片材10在一定的最大应力作用下进行弹性变形的特性。
所谓刚性，这里是指在容器1的正常使用条件下，片材10在一定的最大应力作用下保持其形状的特性。
例如，片材10用热塑性材料或铝这样的金属制成。
颈部5不再要求用于接纳盖子的特殊部件，例如螺纹或锁紧件。颈部5也不配有这样的部件。
因此，片材10提供一种低成本盖子，并允许重新封闭容器1的开口8。

Claims (14)

1.中空的容器(1)的封口方法，容器(1)具有主体(2)，主体延伸在上端(3)与下端(4)之间，上端(3)的上面是颈部(5)，颈部在容器(1)上形成收缩部分并限定朝向容器(1)内的开口(8)，下端(4)具有底部(9)，底部封闭容器(1)，其特征在于，封口方法包括以下工序：
-将片材(10)贴敷在容器(1)的开口(8)的整个边缘(7)上，以覆盖开口(8)，
-用模具(11)将片材(10)冲压在容器(1)的颈部(5)的开口(8)上，以致片材(10)形成按压在开口(8)的整个边缘(7)上的凸缘(14)、围绕凸缘(14)且处于与凸缘错开的平面上的中央区域(13)、以及在凸缘(14)与中央区域(13)之间的接合区域，接合区域形成梯级高度(15)，梯级高度与颈部(5)的内壁进行接触，
-冲压的片材(10)固定在颈部(5)上，确保片材(10)连接在容器(1)的主体(2)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的封口方法，其特征在于，片材(10)用热塑性材料制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的封口方法，其特征在于，片材(10)有至少一部分延伸在开口边缘以外，以便在冲压工序之后形成抓握区域(16)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封口方法，其特征在于，固定工序包括片材(10)与颈部(5)之间的熔接工序。
5.根据权利要求4所述的封口方法，其特征在于，熔接在凸缘(14)与开口(8)的整个边缘(7)之间进行，以致片材的凸缘(14)与开口(8)的边缘(7)进行密封接触。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的封口方法，其特征在于，熔接在梯级高度(15)与颈部(5)的内壁之间进行，以致梯级高度(15)与颈部(5)的内壁进行密封接触。
7.根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的封口方法，其特征在于，熔接工序与冲压工序同时进行。
8.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的封口方法，其特征在于，固定工序包括片材(10)与颈部(5)之间的胶接工序。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封口方法，其特征在于，冲压工序附加以片材(10)的加热工序。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封口方法，其特征在于，容器(1)的颈部(5)用热塑性材料制成。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的封口方法，其特征在于，容器(1)的主体(2)用热塑性材料制成。
12.采用前述权利要求中任一项所述的封口方法获得的封口容器(1)，其特征在于，颈部(5)不配有螺纹。
13.采用权利要求1至11中任一项所述的封口方法获得的封口容器(1)，其特征在于，颈部(5)不配有锁紧件。
14.根据权利要求1至11中任一项的封口容器(1)的使用，其特征在于，包括开启步骤和关闭步骤，在开启步骤中，片材(10)与容器(1)之间的固定被破坏，片材(10)与容器(1)的主体分离，以允许打开容器，在关闭步骤中，片材的凸缘(14)置于开口(8)的边缘(7)上，中央区域(13)封闭开口(8)。
CN201580017381.7A 2014-04-02 2015-03-23 中空容器的封口方法，用这种方法得到的封口容器以及这种封口容器的使用 Pending CN106132665A (zh)

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