CN104284840A - 金属容器 - Google Patents

金属容器 Download PDF

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CN104284840A
CN104284840A CN201380023930.2A CN201380023930A CN104284840A CN 104284840 A CN104284840 A CN 104284840A CN 201380023930 A CN201380023930 A CN 201380023930A CN 104284840 A CN104284840 A CN 104284840A
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container
capping
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CN104284840B (zh
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L·J·麦克吉尔
T·R·埃利森
C·P·拉姆齐
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Crown Packaging Technology Inc
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Crown Cork and Seal Technologies Corp
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    • B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65D43/02—Removable lids or covers
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    • B65D43/0204—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured by snapping over beads or projections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

金属容器本体(1)包括基部和通常圆柱形侧壁(3)。圆柱形侧壁的顶部边缘卷曲从而围绕容器本体的上方打开端部形成空心环形凸圆(5)，并且在周向点处在环形凸圆中形成凹口(6)。容器本体与可释放封盖(2)一起使用，该可释放封盖(2)具有端壁(7)和悬垂裙部(8)并且具有设置在端壁的与裙部相邻的内侧上的环形密封材料层(9)。当将封盖压在容器本体上时，环形凸圆接合环形密封材料层并且一些密封材料延伸进入凹口(6)。封盖仅通过在容器中的食品产品的加工过程中在容器中形成的部分真空固定在容器上。在加工之后，使用者通过旋转封盖而打开容器。凹口中的密封材料迫使封盖从容器上升起来从而使密封被破坏并且释放所述封盖。

Description

金属容器
技术领域
本发明涉及金属容器本体，所述金属容器本体与包括环形密封化合物层的可释放封盖一起使用。
背景技术
已知包括金属罐本体的容器与压迫式帽型封盖一起使用，所述金属罐本体具有通常圆柱形的侧壁，并且顶部边缘卷曲从而围绕本体的上方打开端部形成环形凸圆，所述压迫式帽型封盖密封至罐本体并且仅通过在加工过程中在容器中的产品上方的顶部空间中形成的真空固定就位。帽具有真空释放装置，所述真空释放装置在封盖的端壁中包括小型开口，所述小型开口通常通过可撕开塑料插入物或可剥离补片封闭。在真空释放之后，从容器本体上撬开封盖。还已知具有用于连接至封盖的螺纹的金属容器，但是在容器颈部上的螺纹的形成非常难以实现并且倾向于损坏容器的内部涂层，所述内部涂层保护容器的金属免受容器内容物的影响。
还公知这样的容器，其中包括密封化合物层的金属可释放帽型封盖装配至玻璃容器本体。常规地，帽旋拧地装配在本体上使得容器颈部的上方表面对着密封化合物层密封。所述容器的灌装速度通常为至多约500个容器/分钟。
由于在生产过程中装配螺旋封盖所占用的时间，已经开发了一种改进的设置，其中封盖具有密封化合物，所述密封化合物模制到封盖端壁的外部和封盖侧壁或裙部的内部。在灌装容器的生产过程中，这种封盖可以被推入配合在螺纹容器上。所述容器的灌装速度可以为至多约1,000个容器/分钟。本体的螺纹刺入密封化合物从而在密封化合物中形成至少部分螺纹，使得当容器被打开时，封盖和容器本体的相对旋转使密封被破坏并且允许除去封盖。该设置可用于在灌装和封装之后在容器中维持部分真空的某些食品产品。在容器的灌装过程中，在已经计量加入容器的热的食品产品上方的顶部空间中，蒸汽被注入打开容器。然后将封盖压在容器上，并且随着蒸汽的冷凝，在容器中在顶部空间上方形成部分真空，所述部分真空用于使封盖在容器本体上稳固地固定就位。在完全冷却的经灌装容器中，容器中的通常真空为约0.3bar。必须使该部分真空通气从而允许除去帽型封盖。
发明内容
本发明提供这样的设置，其中容器和封盖均无需设置有螺纹或任何其它用于在封盖和容器本体之间形成密封的机械接合装置。封盖被简单地向下推至经灌装容器上从而形成密封。在本发明的设置中，封盖通过在经灌装容器的生产过程中在容器本体中形成的部分真空固定在容器本体上。容器本体在其环形密封表面上设置有间断，所述间断造成当帽型封盖从原始封闭位置旋转使得帽型封盖释放时，密封被破坏并且本体内部通气。
根据本发明，提供金属容器本体，所述金属容器本体与可释放封盖一起使用，所述可释放封盖包括环形密封材料层；所述本体包括基部和通常圆柱形侧壁；其中所述圆柱形侧壁的顶部边缘卷曲从而围绕所述容器本体的上方打开端部形成空心环形凸圆；并且其中在所述凸圆中以一个或多个凹入部和/或一个或多个突出部的形式形成间断。
本发明提供多个优点。简单地通过旋拧从本体除去封盖，并且无需在封盖的端壁中提供真空释放装置。
不需要在容器颈部上设置螺纹。这极大地简化了容器本体的制造并且节省了材料，因为可以提供更短的颈部。
在帽型封盖的端壁上仅具有环形密封化合物层意味着密封化合物不需要模制并且可以在重力下形成。这使用了更少的化合物，极大简化了制造并且除去了在化合物模制过程中产生的废料。
由于帽型封盖不需要凸耳以接合螺纹，可以在封盖的裙部和容器本体的颈部之间提供极小的径向间隙。这减少了外来物质、小虫等进入的风险并且还增加了对意外损坏的抵抗力。
帽上不存在任何螺纹意味着其可以具有减小的高度，因此节省了材料。
相比于打开螺纹容器通常所需的扭矩，打开根据本发明制得的容器所需要的扭矩显著更小。例如，51mm封盖的打开扭矩从约3.4Nm降低至仅约1.0Nm。打开扭矩的降低允许在化合物中使用更少的润滑剂。这些润滑剂是在加工过程中迁移进入食品的主要原因之一。因此，所述新型设计还具有食品安全性的益处。
附图说明
下文参考附图描述本发明的实施方案，其中：
图1为容器本体的立体图；
图2为容器本体和封盖的立体图；
图3为容器本体的上方部分的放大局部图；
图4为容器本体的边沿的一部分的进一步放大的平面图；
图5为容器本体的上方部分的一部分的截面图；
图6为沿边沿中的凹口所取的与图5相似的图；
图7为容器的上方部分和封盖的分解图；
图8为当封盖装配至容器的上方部分时容器的上方部分和封盖的立体图；
图9a为在图7中的点A处取得的容器的上方部分和封盖的一部分的截面图；
图9b为在图7中的点B处取得的容器的上方部分和封盖的一部分的截面图；
图9c为在图7中的点C处取得的容器的上方部分和封盖的一部分的截面图；
图10为在封盖被逆时针旋转之后在图7中的点B处取得的容器的上方部分和封盖的一部分的截面图；和
图11为在封盖被逆时针旋转之后在图7中的点C处取得的容器的上方部分和封盖的一部分的截面图。
具体实施方式
图中显示了容器本体1和帽型封盖2，所述容器本体1和帽型封盖2均由金属制成。容器本体1具有侧壁3，所述侧壁3由形成为圆柱体的金属片制成，其中片的端部略微重叠并且沿着接缝焊接在一起。这种制造是公知的。容器的底部端壁4接缝至圆柱形侧壁。
侧壁3的上方端部已经向外卷曲从而拐入侧壁的切割端部。侧壁的端部的卷曲顶部形成空心环形凸圆或卷曲部5，所述空心环形凸圆或卷曲部5围绕容器本体的上方打开端部从而形成容器的边沿，所述边沿的上方表面提供环形密封表面。在一个可替换的形式(未示出)中，侧壁的顶部可以向内卷曲从而形成环形凸圆。例如，73mm直径的焊接罐本体由0.18mm厚度的锡板片制成并且具有直径为约1.5至2mm的上方凸圆或卷曲部5。
如图所示，在周向点处在环形凸圆5中形成单个凹口6。所述凹口以通常在径向上面向外的小型凹痕或凹部的形式形成。凹口的深度为约0.4mm、大致为凸圆的直径的四分之一，并且具有大约4至5mm、大致为凸圆的直径的两倍的圆周范围。
凹口的数目和深度可以变化，目的是提供封盖的相对容易的旋转和5秒内的通气。理想地，通气应当在1至2秒内完成。这可以通过深度为约0.4mm的单个凹口或深度为约0.2mm的两个或三个凹口得以实现。
在侧壁的上方端部卷曲从而形成凸圆之后，可以通过将凸圆推入合适的模具从而在凸圆中形成一个或多个凹口。
在一个可替换的实施方案(未示出)中，通过凸圆中的一个或多个突出部形成凸圆中的间断。可以通过在一个或多个周向位置处挤压或以其它方式加工形成的凸圆来设置这些突出部。
帽型封盖2具有端壁7和悬垂裙部8。环形密封材料层9设置在端壁的与裙部相邻的内侧上。当在加工过程中将封盖2压在容器本体上时，环形凸圆上的环形密封表面接合环形密封材料层9并且一些密封材料延伸进入凹口从而至少部分地填充凹口，如图9b中可见。如果凸圆通过一个或多个突出部形成，密封材料将至少部分地围绕突出部延伸。
封盖可以在裙部的底部处具有多个凸角。这些凸角形成夹具，所述夹具提供与本体的凸缘的松弛的咬合装配从而帮助在打开之后再装配所述封盖。然而这些凸角在封盖和容器本体之间形成密封方面不起任何作用并且必须在密封被破坏之后向上移动越过凸圆。封盖优选由锡板片制成。
端壁具有被称为“真空按钮”10的中央弹出面板，所述“真空按钮”10通常通过封闭容器中的部分真空保持凹面形状。按钮弹出成凸面形状从而警告真空已经被通气并且因此密封已经被破坏。封盖必须由钢而非铝制成从而提供该特征。
密封化合物为PVC塑料溶胶并且通过喷嘴施加至封盖并且允许在重力作用下下沉从而形成大体均匀的环形层。密封化合物在灌装过程之前固化但是将在灌装和加盖过程中通过食品产品上方的顶部空间中的蒸汽而软化，使得其可以流入凹口6并且围绕环形密封表面4并在凹口内凝固。
蒸汽的冷凝在顶部空间中造成约0.3bar的部分真空，所述部分真空形成本体和封盖之间的密封并且使封盖稳固地固定在本体上。
在加盖之后，然后通常根据所需的食品保存条件处理经灌装容器，例如富含糖、酸或盐的产品可能仅需要被热灌装或在85至100℃下进行巴氏消毒，而没有天然防腐剂的基于肉类的食品需要在121至130℃下的完全灭菌过程从而保存食品产品。已经开发了特定的化合物类型从而满足不同的加工条件，例如通常用发泡化合物用于巴氏消毒的产品，因为其在密封层内裹入气囊使得化合物有柔性从而在相对低的温度下符合密封表面。对于经灭菌产品，可以使用更少量发泡剂或不使用发泡剂从而形成更硬的密封层，所述更硬的密封层更有弹力并且适合于更高温度的加工。本发明人已经发现，更硬的非发泡材料特别适合于产生通气特征。在该情况下，在加工之后化合物更好地保持凹口的形状记忆并且当帽首先如下所述旋转时形成稳定的通气路径。
也可以使用其它类型的密封衬垫材料，例如非PVC的流入材料、压缩模制的TPE材料或分离的弹性体内衬材料。
容器本体1具有在环形凸圆5下方的环形凸出部15从而在罐处理的过程中保护封盖裙部的下方边缘免于侧面冲击。这也提供了用于罐的顶部部分的环箍强度从而避免由于封盖的冲击而造成罐变成椭圆。
罐特别被设计成具有高的轴向负载能力从而允许在封闭和加工之后进行托盘化运输。通常通过在侧壁内使用浅角成型件实现超过1.5kN的负载，在侧壁处几何形状的变化相对于竖直方向不超过30度。
需要高的镶板强度从而承受加工和经加工包装的分配，所述经加工包装通常具有约0.3bar的真空，因此容器规格将为至少0.5bar。通过形成凸圆(多个周向凸圆)或桶成形(大型球面轮廓)提供镶板强度。
参考图7至11讨论经密封容器的开口。在打开之前，容器中的部分真空为使封盖2固定在容器本体上的唯一机制。打开过程需要封盖和容器本体之间的密封被破坏使得部分真空通气并且封盖被释放。
在图7中，显示了位置A、B和C。打开过程需要帽型封盖相对于容器本体的旋转，并且对于使用者而言自然的是在容器本体上逆时针旋转所述封盖。在该情况下，封盖原来在位置A处的部分将移动至位置B并且封盖原来在位置B(凹口位置)处的部分将移动至位置C。
图9a、9b和9c显示了容器和封盖在打开之前在位置A、B和C处的截面图。可见凸圆5的上方表面在密封材料层9中形成凹部并且该凹部在密封材料延伸进入凹口的位置B处更窄。当封盖被逆时针旋转时，位置B处的较窄的凹部迫使封盖从容器上升起来使得封盖和容器之间的密封被破坏，如图11中所示。同时，当拧至位置B时，由于封盖的略微升起，在位置A处形成的更宽的凹部形成通气路径。该通气路径通过图10的箭头表示。
在所示实施方案中，仅提供单个通气凹口，因为存在由每个所述凹口引发的负载因此仅具有一个凹口降低了整体负载。其次，如果凹口仅在一侧上时，抵抗真空使面板升起所需轴向负载较低。可以提供两个或多个凹口，但是据信最佳方案是仅具有一个凹口，因为这降低了打开容器所需的扭矩。然而存在的风险是，单个凹口将被最终使用者视为缺陷。如果提供两个或多个凹口，有可能在某种程度上缓和该问题。
如果凸圆具有一个或多个突出部而不是一个或多个凹入部，密封材料将至少部分地围绕突出部延伸并且发生在容器打开过程中的机制将相同。
将理解在打开和释放真空之后，封盖不能合适地再密封至容器本体。该设置适合于当容器打开之后应当立即食用的食品产品，尽管例如在冰箱中储存食物时封盖可以再放置在容器上并且作为盖子使用。

Claims (11)

1.金属容器本体，所述金属容器本体与能够释放的封盖一起使用，所述能够释放的封盖包括环形密封材料层；所述本体包括基部和通常圆柱形侧壁；其中所述圆柱形侧壁的顶部边缘卷曲从而围绕所述容器本体的上方打开端部形成空心环形凸圆；并且其中在所述凸圆中以一个或多个凹入部和/或一个或多个突出部的形式形成间断。
2.根据权利要求1所述的金属容器本体，所述金属容器本体与能够释放的封盖组合，所述能够释放的封盖形成有端壁和悬垂裙部并且具有环形密封材料层，所述环形密封材料层设置在所述端壁的与所述裙部相邻的内侧上；其中当将所述封盖压在所述容器本体上时，所述环形凸圆接合所述环形密封材料层并且一些密封材料延伸进入所述一个或多个凹入部和/或围绕所述一个或多个突出部延伸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组合，其中所述环形密封材料由当固化和冷却时永久凝固的固体(非发泡/非起泡)材料形成。
4.根据权利要求2或权利要求3所述的组合，其中所述容器本体在所述环形凸圆下方形成有环形凸出部从而保护封盖裙部免于侧面冲击。
5.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的容器或组合，其中所述环形凸圆的直径为约1.5至2mm。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的容器或组合，其中所述间断以所述凸圆中的一个或多个凹口的形式形成。
7.根据权利要求6所述的容器或组合，其中每个凹口的深度为约0.2至0.5mm。
8.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的容器或组合，其中所述凹口的周长为约所述环形凸圆的直径的两倍。
9.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的容器或组合，其中容器侧壁由卷曲成圆柱体并且焊接的金属片形成；并且其中所述圆柱体的基部接缝到所述侧壁上。
10.根据权利要求2至9任一项所述的组合，其中不提供用于在所述封盖和所述容器本体之间形成密封的机械接合装置。
11.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的容器或组合，其中所述容器在其圆柱形壁中具有成型件从而提供至少0.5bar的镶板性能。
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