CN106117871A - 改性pvc泡沫塑料的制备方法 - Google Patents

改性pvc泡沫塑料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106117871A
CN106117871A CN201610498318.6A CN201610498318A CN106117871A CN 106117871 A CN106117871 A CN 106117871A CN 201610498318 A CN201610498318 A CN 201610498318A CN 106117871 A CN106117871 A CN 106117871A
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吴跃强
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ANHUI HUAYU PIPELINE MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
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    • C08J2203/02—CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
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    • C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
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    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/18—Binary blends of expanding agents
    • C08J2203/184—Binary blends of expanding agents of chemical foaming agent and physical blowing agent, e.g. azodicarbonamide and fluorocarbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams

Abstract

本发明公开了改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，该方法将具有良好的力学性能、电性能、耐热性、阻燃性以及化学稳定性的聚苯醚与聚氯乙烯共混，通过模压发泡制备了改性PVC泡沫塑料。本发明方法制备的PVC泡沫塑料的力学性能和热性能都有一定的提高，PVC泡沫塑料的泡孔细小、均匀、致密，泡孔的孔径可以达到150um‑200um；聚苯醚的加入，明显改善了PVC泡沫塑料的耐热性能，减小了吸水率。

Description

改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及PVC泡沫塑料生产加工技术领域，尤其涉及改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法。
背景技术
泡沫塑料是以树脂为基础制成的内部含有无数微小泡孔的塑料制品，又称为微孔塑料或多孔塑料，也可以看成是一种以气体为填料的复合材料，由气体相、固体相和气固两相间的织态结构组成。泡沫塑料具有轻质、隔热、隔音、绝缘等特点，在工业、农业、建筑、交通运输等领域得到广泛应用。
聚氯乙烯(PVC)泡沫材料是世界上三大泡沫材料之一，具有良好的物理性能、阻燃性能、耐化学性能和绝缘性能，且能隔音、防震，原料来源丰富、价格低廉等特点。虽然早在上世纪中叶人们就已经能够制备各种PVC泡沫塑料，但是由于PVC泡沫塑料的强度、刚度以及耐热性总体上并不是很高，因此，限制了聚氯乙烯(PVC)泡沫材料的发展。
发明内容
本发明为了克服上述PVC泡沫塑料的强度、刚度以及耐热性总体上并不是很高的问题，提供改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，该方法将具有良好的力学性能、电性能、耐热性、阻燃性以及化学稳定性的聚苯醚与聚氯乙烯共混，通过模压发泡制备了改性PVC泡沫塑料，使PVC泡沫塑料的力学性能和热性能都有一定的提高。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照质量份选取PVC树脂100-120份、偶氮二异丁晴3-5份、发泡剂3-5份、硬脂酸锌1-3份、硬脂酸钙3-8份、碳酸钙20-30份、滑石粉5-10份、碳酸氢钠5-10份、聚苯醚5-10份；
S2、将PVC树脂、偶氮二异丁晴、发泡剂、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙、碳酸钙、滑石粉加入到球磨机中，球磨30-40分钟充分混合均匀，得到固体组分；
S3、将碳酸氢钠、聚苯醚加入水中，制成液体组分，把固体组分和液体组分加入到高速剪切机中，利用高速剪切机进行搅拌分散，剪切机的转速为6000-8000r/min，搅拌分散20-30分钟；
S4、经过高速剪切分散后，把得到的糊状混合物充入到闭合模具中，将模具置于液压机上，加热加压使物料塑化成型，冷却后开模取出，得到改性PVC泡沫。
进一步地，所述S1中PVC树脂110份、偶氮二异丁晴4份、发泡剂4份、硬脂酸锌2份、硬脂酸钙5份、碳酸钙25份、滑石粉8份、碳酸氢钠8份、聚苯醚8份。
进一步地，所述S1中PVC树脂为聚氯乙烯SG-5，平均聚合度为1000。
进一步地，所述S1中碳酸钙为800-2000目。
本发明的有益效果：改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，该方法将具有良好的力学性能、电性能、耐热性、阻燃性以及化学稳定性的聚苯醚与聚氯乙烯共混，通过模压发泡制备了改性PVC泡沫塑料；该方法制备的PVC泡沫塑料的力学性能和热性能都有一定的提高，PVC泡沫塑料的泡孔细小、均匀、致密，泡孔的孔径可以达到150um-200um；聚苯醚的加入，明显改善了PVC泡沫塑料的耐热性能，减小了吸水率。
具体实施方式
实施例1
改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照质量份选取PVC树脂100份、偶氮二异丁晴3份、发泡剂3份、硬脂酸锌1份、硬脂酸钙3份、碳酸钙20份、滑石粉5份、碳酸氢钠5份、聚苯醚5份；PVC树脂为聚氯乙烯SG-5，平均聚合度为1000，碳酸钙为800目；
S2、将PVC树脂、偶氮二异丁晴、发泡剂、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙、碳酸钙、滑石粉加入到球磨机中，球磨30分钟充分混合均匀，得到固体组分；
S3、将碳酸氢钠、聚苯醚加入水中，制成液体组分，把固体组分和液体组分加入到高速剪切机中，利用高速剪切机进行搅拌分散，剪切机的转速为6000r/min，搅拌分散30分钟；
S4、经过高速剪切分散后，把得到的糊状混合物充入到闭合模具中，将模具置于液压机上，加热加压使物料塑化成型，冷却后开模取出，得到改性PVC泡沫。
实施例2
改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照质量份选取PVC树脂120份、偶氮二异丁晴5份、发泡剂5份、硬脂酸锌3份、硬脂酸钙8份、碳酸钙30份、滑石粉10份、碳酸氢钠10份、聚苯醚10份；PVC树脂为聚氯乙烯SG-5，平均聚合度为1000，碳酸钙为2000目；
S2、将PVC树脂、偶氮二异丁晴、发泡剂、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙、碳酸钙、滑石粉加入到球磨机中，球磨40分钟充分混合均匀，得到固体组分；
S3、将碳酸氢钠、聚苯醚加入水中，制成液体组分，把固体组分和液体组分加入到高速剪切机中，利用高速剪切机进行搅拌分散，剪切机的转速为8000r/min，搅拌分散20分钟；
S4、经过高速剪切分散后，把得到的糊状混合物充入到闭合模具中，将模具置于液压机上，加热加压使物料塑化成型，冷却后开模取出，得到改性PVC泡沫。
实施例3
改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照质量份选取PVC树脂110份、偶氮二异丁晴4份、发泡剂4份、硬脂酸锌2份、硬脂酸钙5份、碳酸钙25份、滑石粉8份、碳酸氢钠8份、聚苯醚8份；PVC树脂为聚氯乙烯SG-5，平均聚合度为1000，碳酸钙为1250目；
S2、将PVC树脂、偶氮二异丁晴、发泡剂、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙、碳酸钙、滑石粉加入到球磨机中，球磨35分钟充分混合均匀，得到固体组分；
S3、将碳酸氢钠、聚苯醚加入水中，制成液体组分，把固体组分和液体组分加入到高速剪切机中，利用高速剪切机进行搅拌分散，剪切机的转速为7000r/min，搅拌分散25分钟；
S4、经过高速剪切分散后，把得到的糊状混合物充入到闭合模具中，将模具置于液压机上，加热加压使物料塑化成型，冷却后开模取出，得到改性PVC泡沫。
本发明改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，该方法将具有良好的力学性能、电性能、耐热性、阻燃性以及化学稳定性的聚苯醚与聚氯乙烯共混，通过模压发泡制备了改性PVC泡沫塑料；该方法制备的PVC泡沫塑料的力学性能和热性能都有一定的提高，PVC泡沫塑料的泡孔细小、均匀、致密，泡孔的孔径可以达到150um-200um；聚苯醚的加入，明显改善了PVC泡沫塑料的耐热性能，减小了吸水率。
上面所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限定。在不脱离本发明设计构思的前提下，本领域普通人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变型和改进，均应落入到本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
S1、按照质量份选取PVC树脂100-120份、偶氮二异丁晴3-5份、发泡剂3-5份、硬脂酸锌1-3份、硬脂酸钙3-8份、碳酸钙20-30份、滑石粉5-10份、碳酸氢钠5-10份、聚苯醚5-10份；
S2、将PVC树脂、偶氮二异丁晴、发泡剂、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸钙、碳酸钙、滑石粉加入到球磨机中，球磨30-40分钟充分混合均匀，得到固体组分；
S3、将碳酸氢钠、聚苯醚加入水中，制成液体组分，把固体组分和液体组分加入到高速剪切机中，利用高速剪切机进行搅拌分散，剪切机的转速为6000-8000r/min，搅拌分散20-30分钟；
S4、经过高速剪切分散后，把得到的糊状混合物充入到闭合模具中，将模具置于液压机上，加热加压使物料塑化成型，冷却后开模取出，得到改性PVC泡沫。
2.如权利要求1所述的改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述S1中PVC树脂110份、偶氮二异丁晴4份、发泡剂4份、硬脂酸锌2份、硬脂酸钙5份、碳酸钙25份、滑石粉8份、碳酸氢钠8份、聚苯醚8份。
3.如权利要求1所述的改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述S1中PVC树脂为聚氯乙烯SG-5，平均聚合度为1000。
4.如权利要求1所述的改性PVC泡沫塑料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述S1中碳酸钙为800-2000目。
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Application publication date: 20161116