CN106105674A - A kind of method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris - Google Patents
A kind of method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105674A CN106105674A CN201610499330.9A CN201610499330A CN106105674A CN 106105674 A CN106105674 A CN 106105674A CN 201610499330 A CN201610499330 A CN 201610499330A CN 106105674 A CN106105674 A CN 106105674A
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- grafting
- citrullus vulgaris
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris, relate to agricultural plantation technology field, comprise the steps: (1) site preparation and fertilization, (2) Citrullus vulgaris presoaking and germinating, (3) calabash nursery, (4) watermelon seedling culturing, (5) grafting, (6) managing after grafting, (7) Citrullus vulgaris is gathered.Cultural method of the present invention can effectively prevent the dead seedling that Citrullus vulgaris causes because of droop, thus solve melonry can not the problem of continuous cropping continuous cropping and realize stable high yield；And the low temperature tolerance ability of Citrullus vulgaris can be improved by grafting and root-changing, strengthen the cultivation in early spring of growth vigor, beneficially Citrullus vulgaris, thus rob and early go public, increase the market competitiveness.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris.
Background technology:
Grafting watermelon cultivation can not only improve the ability of Watermelon Resistances To Fusarium Wilt, effectively prevent Citrullus vulgaris because of droop cause dead
Seedling, thus solve melonry can not the problem of continuous cropping continuous cropping, and realize stable high yield；And west can be improved by grafting and root-changing
The low temperature tolerance ability of melon, strengthens the cultivation in early spring of growth vigor, beneficially Citrullus vulgaris, thus robs and early go public.At present, conventional Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae and
Calabash carries out the grafting cultivation of Citrullus vulgaris, grafting well developed root system, absorbability and transporting capability and strengthens, grafting overground part simultaneously
Mitogenetic length is vigorous, and leaf area increases, and is conducive to strengthening photosynthesis；And grafting is powerful because of stock root system, fertilizer sucting ability increases
By force, fertilizer can therefore be saved.During grafting cultivation, grafting operation is the most crucial, if misoperation easily occurs that Citrullus vulgaris is withered
Wither disease, low-producing problem, and survival rate is relatively low.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of graft survival rate height, fertilizer amount is few and has high yield
The method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris of stable yields advantage.
The technical problem to be solved uses following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris, comprises the steps:
(1) site preparation and fertilization: select the convenient loam of irrigation or sandy loam as milpa, with ploughing basal dressing, plough deep
Degree is 15-20cm, executes well-rotted farmyard manure 1500-2000kg, NPK 30-40kg and zinc sulfate 1-1.5kg for every mu, wholely
It is furrow, furrow width 2.5-3m, furrow height 20-25cm, furrow width 35-40cm, and builds booth；
(2) Citrullus vulgaris presoaking and germinating: soak seed 8h by watermelon seed normal-temperature water, is wrapped by seed with towel after pulling out, and stranding is gone
The mucosa of the surface of the seed, and with 800 times of liquid 50% good fortune first sulfur wettable powder seed soaking 3h, rinse with clear water after pulling out, then at
Accelerating germination at 25-30 DEG C, can sow after 60-70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(3) calabash nursery: use bunch planting way, directly sow without accelerating germination, 3 seeds of every bunch planting kind, line-spacing 60-
70cm, spacing in the rows 40-50cm, water sufficient water, and covering with plastic film after earthing, seedling stage, day temperature was maintained at 20-25 DEG C, night 15-18
DEG C, when removing mulch film after 60% seed sprouting；
(4) watermelon seedling culturing: use mode of broadcasting sowing, waters vola water, every mu of sowing quantity 300-350g, sowing to seedbed before sowing
After on seedbed, spread the fine earth after one layer of 1-2cm, and covering with plastic film, seedling stage, day temperature was maintained at 25-28 DEG C, night 18-22
DEG C, when removing mulch film after 75% seed sprouting；
(5) grafting: choose and have leaf Citrullus vulgaris Seedling wholeheartedly as scion, has two leaves calabash Seedling wholeheartedly as anvil
Wood, extracts the rootstock seedling heart during grafting, and inserts out downwards deep 2cm, the jack of wide 1cm at the Seedling heart extractd with bamboo let, then will
Scion grafting knife is downward 45 degree of slant cutting edges cutting out width 1cm along major diameter end, and scion cut alignment jack is inserted anvil
In wood, finally it is wound around at grafting with plastic sheeting；
(6) managing after grafting: in 3 days after grafting keep booth humidity at 90-95%, day temperature at 25-28 DEG C,
Night, at 18-22 DEG C, starts the seedling exercising that leaks informaton after 1 week, go disconnected for scion root after Spike sprouting waiting, and thin by its top in batches
Film is scratched, and allows eye expose, and smears debudding in time, releases thin film, pinching when sending 5-7 leaf when buddering, educate after temperature gets warm again after a cold spell
Topdress between seedling stage in good time, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, auxiliary execute phosphorus, potash fertilizer；
(7) Citrullus vulgaris is gathered: the Citrullus vulgaris of maturation of gathering in time, stays 5cm branches and tendrils when gathering in melon handle upper end, will after end of gathering
Citrullus vulgaris seedling mixes with well-rotted farmyard manure, uses as base manure after soil is ploughed deeply.
Described grafting plastic sheeting needs to soak 5min before use in soak, and soak is by following parts by weight
Raw material make: edible fungi residue 25 parts, leaves 10 parts, cottonseed cake 6 parts, 5 parts of Fructus Gleditsia leaf, camellia oleosa seed 4 parts, microcrystalline Cellulose 3
Part, ardealite 3 parts, 2 parts of Nidus Vespae, Fructus Sapindi Mukouossi 2 parts, polyaluminium sulfate 2 parts, cane molasses 2 parts, Calamina 1 part, Bamboo vinegar 1 part, food
Salt 0.5 part, aspirin 0.3 part, 150 parts of water, its compound method is: be 1. dried leaves and Fructus Gleditsia leaf low temperature dewatering to containing
The water yield is less than 5%, then powder made by size-reduced machine, is subsequently adding cane molasses and Sal, is sufficiently mixed rear sealing and standing 8h, i.e.
Obtain powder I；2. camellia oleosa seed and Fructus Sapindi Mukouossi are heated to 70-80 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, more while hot together with ardealite, Calamina
Add in pulverizer and pulverize, obtain powder II；3. edible fungi residue, cottonseed cake and Nidus Vespae are added to the water, are stirred continuously lower leaching
Bubble 30min, recycles power 1.5kW paste mill grinding, filters, obtains slurry；4. in slurry, add powder I, powder II, micro-
Crystalline cellulose, polyaluminium sulfate, Bamboo vinegar and aspirin, feed the mixture into after being sufficiently mixed in ball mill, be milled to fineness
Less than 50 μm.
The effect of soak mainly has following two aspects: on the one hand has water conservation and promotes callus and conducting tissue shape
The effect become, prevents scion dead because of dehydration, accelerates the healing of grafting mouth, thus improve graft survival rate；On the other hand institute
What the insecticide sterilization component contained grew after effectively preventing pest and disease damage harm grafting budders, and promotes the sprouting buddered, and contained
Nutrient substance can be supplied buddering of sprouting by Foliage Absorption mode, thus shorten the seedling raise period of grafting.
It is to cut with scion to increase stock with grafting knife along the purpose of the downward 45 degree of otch in scion major diameter end during grafting
The contact area of mouth, thus promote the formation of nutrition conducting tissue.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the invention provides a kind of method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris, fully profit
With the flourishing root system of calabash and stronger absorbability and transporting capability, improve graft survival rate, can effectively prevent Citrullus vulgaris because of withered
The dead seedling that disease of withering causes, thus solve melonry can not the problem of continuous cropping continuous cropping and realize stable high yield；And can be by transferring
Connect the low temperature tolerance ability changing root raising Citrullus vulgaris, strengthen the cultivation in early spring of growth vigor, beneficially Citrullus vulgaris, thus rob and early go public, increase
Add the market competitiveness.
Detailed description of the invention:
For the technological means making the present invention realize, creation characteristic, reach purpose and be easy to understand with effect, below knot
Close specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
A kind of method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris, comprises the steps:
(1) site preparation and fertilization: select the convenient loam of irrigation or sandy loam as milpa, with ploughing basal dressing, plough deep
Degree is 15-20cm, executes well-rotted farmyard manure 1500-2000kg, NPK 30-40kg and zinc sulfate 1-1.5kg for every mu, wholely
It is furrow, furrow width 2.5-3m, furrow height 20-25cm, furrow width 35-40cm, and builds booth；
(2) Citrullus vulgaris presoaking and germinating: soak seed 8h by watermelon seed normal-temperature water, is wrapped by seed with towel after pulling out, and stranding is gone
The mucosa of the surface of the seed, and with 800 times of liquid 50% good fortune first sulfur wettable powder seed soaking 3h, rinse with clear water after pulling out, then at
Accelerating germination at 25-30 DEG C, can sow after 60-70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(3) calabash nursery: use bunch planting way, directly sow without accelerating germination, 3 seeds of every bunch planting kind, line-spacing 60-
70cm, spacing in the rows 40-50cm, water sufficient water, and covering with plastic film after earthing, seedling stage, day temperature was maintained at 20-25 DEG C, night 15-18
DEG C, when removing mulch film after 60% seed sprouting；
(4) watermelon seedling culturing: use mode of broadcasting sowing, waters vola water, every mu of sowing quantity 300-350g, sowing to seedbed before sowing
After on seedbed, spread the fine earth after one layer of 1-2cm, and covering with plastic film, seedling stage, day temperature was maintained at 25-28 DEG C, night 18-22
DEG C, when removing mulch film after 75% seed sprouting；
(5) grafting: choose and have leaf Citrullus vulgaris Seedling wholeheartedly as scion, has two leaves calabash Seedling wholeheartedly as anvil
Wood, extracts the rootstock seedling heart during grafting, and inserts out downwards deep 2cm, the jack of wide 1cm at the Seedling heart extractd with bamboo let, then will
Scion grafting knife is downward 45 degree of slant cutting edges cutting out width 1cm along major diameter end, and scion cut alignment jack is inserted anvil
In wood, finally it is wound around at grafting with plastic sheeting；
(6) managing after grafting: in 3 days after grafting keep booth humidity at 90-95%, day temperature at 25-28 DEG C,
Night, at 18-22 DEG C, starts the seedling exercising that leaks informaton after 1 week, go disconnected for scion root after Spike sprouting waiting, and thin by its top in batches
Film is scratched, and allows eye expose, and smears debudding in time, releases thin film, pinching when sending 5-7 leaf when buddering, educate after temperature gets warm again after a cold spell
Topdress between seedling stage in good time, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, auxiliary execute phosphorus, potash fertilizer；
(7) Citrullus vulgaris is gathered: the Citrullus vulgaris of maturation of gathering in time, stays 5cm branches and tendrils when gathering in melon handle upper end, will after end of gathering
Citrullus vulgaris seedling mixes with well-rotted farmyard manure, uses as base manure after soil is ploughed deeply.
Grafting plastic sheeting needs to soak 5min before use in soak, and the preparation method of soak is: 1. will
10 parts of leaveves and 5 parts of Fructus Gleditsia leaf low temperature dewaterings are dried to water content less than 5%, then powder made by size-reduced machine, is subsequently adding 2
Part cane molasses and 0.5 portion of Sal, be sufficiently mixed rear sealing and standing 8h, obtain powder I；2. 4 parts of camellia oleosa seed and 2 parts of Fructus Sapindi Mukouossis are added
Heat is to 70-80 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, then adds pulverizing in pulverizer while hot together with 3 parts of ardealites, 1 part of Calamina, to obtain final product
Powder II；3. 25 parts of edible fungi residues, 6 portions of cottonseed cakes and 2 parts of Nidus Vespae are added in 150 parts of water, be stirred continuously lower immersion
30min, recycles power 1.5kW paste mill grinding, filters, obtains slurry；4. in slurry add powder I, powder II, 3 parts
Microcrystalline Cellulose, 2 parts of polyaluminium sulfates, 1 part of Bamboo vinegar and 0.3 part of aspirin, feed the mixture into ball mill after being sufficiently mixed
In, it is milled to fineness less than 50 μm.
The ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention have more than been shown and described.The technology of the industry
Personnel, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, simply illustrating this described in above-described embodiment and description
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these become
Change and improvement both falls within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope by appending claims and
Equivalent defines.
Claims (2)
1. the method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) site preparation and fertilization: selecting the convenient loam of irrigation or sandy loam as milpa, with ploughing basal dressing, ploughing depth is
15-20cm, executes well-rotted farmyard manure 1500-2000kg, NPK 30-40kg and zinc sulfate 1-1.5kg, does wholely for every mu
Furrow, furrow width 2.5-3m, furrow height 20-25cm, furrow width 35-40cm, and build booth；
(2) Citrullus vulgaris presoaking and germinating: soak seed 8h by watermelon seed normal-temperature water, is wrapped by seed with towel after pulling out, rubs with the hands and removes seed
The mucosa on surface, and with 800 times of liquid 50% good fortune first sulfur wettable powder seed soaking 3h, rinse, then at 25-30 with clear water after pulling out
Accelerating germination at DEG C, can sow after 60-70% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(3) calabash nursery: use bunch planting way, directly sow without accelerating germination, 3 seeds of every bunch planting kind, line-spacing 60-70cm, strain
Watering sufficient water, and covering with plastic film after 40-50cm, earthing, seedling stage, day temperature was maintained at 20-25 DEG C, night 15-18 DEG C, when
Mulch film is removed after 60% seed sprouting；
(4) watermelon seedling culturing: use mode of broadcasting sowing, water vola water, every mu of sowing quantity 300-350g to seedbed before sowing, after planting exist
Spreading the fine earth after one layer of 1-2cm, and covering with plastic film on seedbed, seedling stage, day temperature was maintained at 25-28 DEG C, night 18-22 DEG C, when
Mulch film is removed after 75% seed sprouting；
(5) grafting: choose and have leaf Citrullus vulgaris Seedling wholeheartedly as scion, has two leaves calabash Seedling wholeheartedly as stock, transfers
When connecing, the rootstock seedling heart is extractd, and at the Seedling heart extractd, insert out downwards deep 2cm, the jack of wide 1cm with bamboo let, then scion is used
Grafting knife is downward 45 degree of slant cutting edges cutting out width 1cm along major diameter end, are inserted by scion cut alignment jack in stock,
It is wound around at grafting with plastic sheeting afterwards；
(6) managing after grafting: in 3 days after grafting keep booth humidity at 90-95%, day temperature at 25-28 DEG C, night
At 18-22 DEG C, after 1 week, start the seedling exercising that leaks informaton, go disconnected for scion root after Spike sprouting waiting, and the thin film on its top is drawn in batches
Open, allow eye expose, smear debudding in time, after temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, release thin film, pinching when sending 5-7 leaf when buddering, nursery stage
Between topdress in good time, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, auxiliary execute phosphorus, potash fertilizer；
(7) Citrullus vulgaris is gathered: the Citrullus vulgaris of maturation of gathering in time, stays 5cm branches and tendrils when gathering in melon handle upper end, by Citrullus vulgaris after end of gathering
Seedling mixes with well-rotted farmyard manure, uses as base manure after soil is ploughed deeply.
The method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described grafting plastics
Thin film needs to soak 5min before use in soak, and soak is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: edible fungi residue
25 parts, leaves 10 parts, cottonseed cake 6 parts, 5 parts of Fructus Gleditsia leaf, camellia oleosa seed 4 parts, microcrystalline Cellulose 3 parts, ardealite 3 parts, 2 parts of Nidus Vespae,
Fructus Sapindi Mukouossi 2 parts, polyaluminium sulfate 2 parts, cane molasses 2 parts, Calamina 1 part, Bamboo vinegar 1 part, Sal 0.5 part, aspirin 0.3
Part, 150 parts of water, its compound method is: 1. leaves and Fructus Gleditsia leaf low temperature dewatering are dried to water content less than 5%, then through powder
Powder made by broken machine, is subsequently adding cane molasses and Sal, is sufficiently mixed rear sealing and standing 8h, obtains powder I；2. by camellia oleosa seed and
Fructus Sapindi Mukouossi is heated to 70-80 DEG C of insulation mixing 10min, then adds pulverizing in pulverizer while hot together with ardealite, Calamina, i.e.
Obtain powder II；3. edible fungi residue, cottonseed cake and Nidus Vespae are added to the water, are stirred continuously lower immersion 30min, recycle power
1.5kW paste mill grinding, filters, obtains slurry；4. in slurry, add powder I, powder II, microcrystalline Cellulose, polyaluminum sulfate
Aluminum, Bamboo vinegar and aspirin, feed the mixture into after being sufficiently mixed in ball mill, is milled to fineness less than 50 μm.
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| CN201610499330.9A CN106105674A (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | A kind of method utilizing calabash grafting cultivation Citrullus vulgaris |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106941896A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-07-14 | 陆川县品养殖专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of rascal watermelon |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105265181A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-01-27 | 张世峰 | Planting technique for grafting watermelon onto calabash gourd |
| CN105409521A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 全椒县太平农作物幼苗培育专业合作社 | Grafted seedling raising method for greenhouse watermelons |
-
2016
- 2016-06-30 CN CN201610499330.9A patent/CN106105674A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105265181A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-01-27 | 张世峰 | Planting technique for grafting watermelon onto calabash gourd |
| CN105409521A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 全椒县太平农作物幼苗培育专业合作社 | Grafted seedling raising method for greenhouse watermelons |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张志勇等: "无公害西瓜生产技术规程", 《中国农业信息》 * |
| 无: "无公害食品西瓜生产技术规程", 《中国西瓜甜瓜》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106941896A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-07-14 | 陆川县品养殖专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of rascal watermelon |
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Application publication date: 20161116 |