CN106104441B - 触摸传感器、触摸检测装置及检测方法、触控设备 - Google Patents

触摸传感器、触摸检测装置及检测方法、触控设备 Download PDF

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CN106104441B
CN106104441B CN201680000657.5A CN201680000657A CN106104441B CN 106104441 B CN106104441 B CN 106104441B CN 201680000657 A CN201680000657 A CN 201680000657A CN 106104441 B CN106104441 B CN 106104441B
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肖瑜
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Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Huiding Technology Co Ltd
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    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种触摸传感器、触摸检测装置及检测方法、触控设备。该触摸传感器包括依次设置的第一电极层、刚性绝缘层、第二电极层、可压缩层和第三电极层；其中，可压缩层可在受到触摸压力时改变第二电极层与第三电极层之间的距离；第二电极层与第三电极层可形成一电容器结构，电容器结构的电容值随第二电极层与第三电极层之间的距离的变化而变化。本发明根据该电容值的变化即可计算出用户的触摸操作的压力信息，具体实施时，所有的电极层完全可以复用触控设备中原本存在的一些具有电极层的部件，相当于在设备厚度和成本上都不需要增加的情况下，实现高灵敏度的触摸压力检测，提升了用户体验。

Description

触摸传感器、触摸检测装置及检测方法、触控设备
技术领域
本发明涉及触控技术领域，尤其涉及一种触摸传感器、触摸检测装置及检测方法、触控设备。
背景技术
触控技术由于其输入的便利性和直观性，已经广泛应用在各种电子设备中，如笔记本电脑的触控板、平板电脑及智能手机的触摸屏等，其原理为利用触摸位置检测结构识别出触摸操作的具体触摸位置，再对该触摸位置上的触摸操作予以响应。
后来人们发现，如果在触控的基础上集成压力检测的话，则能够在识别出具体触摸位置的情况下进一步识别出触摸压力信息(如压力大小等)，而基于触摸压力的一些应用将会带给用户更好的体验，特别是对于应用场景不断丰富的智能手机而言，如能支持触摸压力检测，在市场竞争上也将会更加有优势。因此，带有触摸压力检测功能的触摸检测技术越来越受到用户和触控设备厂商的关注。
目前，在触控设备上实现触摸压力检测主要通过在原触控设备的触摸位置检测的基础上额外增加压力检测装置实现。例如，在触控设备的屏幕与中框之间增加电容压力传感器及其相应的解调电路，或者在触控设备的保护玻璃与边框的四周贴装压敏材料。但是这些都需要额外增加相关器件(压力传感器或压敏材料等)，不可避免地需要增加整个触控设备的成本和厚度，不利于其在日益强调便携轻薄的电子设备中实施。
发明内容
本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题在于不增加触控设备厚度的情况下，利用原有的触控位置检测结构，实现高灵敏度的触摸压力检测，以提升用户体验。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了一种触摸传感器，所述触摸传感器包括依次设置的第一电极层、刚性绝缘层、第二电极层、可压缩层和第三电极层；其中，所述可压缩层在受到触摸压力时改变所述第二电极层与所述第三电极层之间的距离；所述第一电极层用于单独作为触摸传感组件，或与所述第二电极层共同形成触摸传感组件；所述第二电极层与所述第三电极层可形成一电容器结构，所述电容器结构的电容值随所述可压缩层的形变量而变化。
本发明实施例还提供了一种触摸检测装置，包括：
如上所述的触摸传感器；
驱动电路，用于驱动所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层；
触摸压力检测单元，用于根据所检测到的所述电容器结构的电容值的变化，计算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
本发明实施例还提供了一种内置有如上所述的触摸检测装置的触控设备。
本发明实施例还提供了一种触摸检测装置的检测方法，所述触摸检测装置为如上所述的触摸检测装置；所述检测方法包括：
第二驱动步骤：在有触摸操作时以第二组驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层；
第二电容值检测步骤：在有触摸操作时对所述电容器结构进行检测得到第二电容值；
触摸压力计算步骤：根据所述电容器结构在无触摸操作时的第一电容值与所述第二电容值的差值计算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
本发明实施例中，由于用户的触摸操作的压力可通过可压缩层传导至第三电极层，进而会引起第二电极层与第三电极层之间的电容值的变化，因此当进行触摸压力检测时，根据该电容值的变化即可计算出用户的触摸操作的压力信息。具体实施时，所有的电极层完全可以复用触控设备中原本存在的一些具有电极层的部件，相当于在设备厚度和成本上都不需要增加的情况下，实现高灵敏度的触摸压力检测，提升了用户体验。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的触摸检测装置的示意图。
图2是图1中触摸传感器的结构示意图。
图3A-图3E是图2中的三个电极层的电极图案的设计示意图。
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种触摸压力检测方法的流程图。
图5A-图5D是采用图4所示触摸压力检测方法进行检测时对相关电容值的检测示意图。
图6是本发明实施例提供的又一种触摸压力检测方法的流程图。
图7A-图7C是采用图6所示触摸压力检测方法进行检测时对相关电容值的检测示意图。
图8是将本发明实施例所提供的触摸检测装置应用在混合In Cell触控屏幕设备中的结构图。
图9A是图8所示结构中的触控传感层的电极图案的设计示意图。
图9B是图8所示结构中的显示驱动层上的公用电极图案的设计示意图。
图10A-图10C图8所示的结构进行触摸压力检测时对相关电容值的检测示意图。
图11是图8所示的结构进行触摸压力检测的流程图。
图12A-图12D是将本发明实施例所提供的触摸检测装置应用在混合In Cell触控屏幕设备中另一种的结构图以及在进行触摸压力检测时对相关电容值的检测示意图。
图13A-图13D是将本发明实施例所提供的触摸检测装置应用在全In cell触控屏幕设备中的结构图以及在进行触摸压力检测时对相关电容值的检测示意图。
图14A-图14D是将本发明实施例所提供的触摸检测装置应用在全On cell触控屏幕设备中的结构图以及在进行触摸压力检测时对相关电容值的检测示意图。
图15A是图14A-图14D所示结构中的触控传感层的电极图案的设计示意图。
图15B是图14A-图14D所示结构中的显示驱动层上的公共电极层的电极图案的设计示意图。
图16A-图16D是将本发明实施例所提供的触摸检测装置应用在out-off-cell触控屏幕设备中的结构图以及在进行触摸压力检测时对相关电容值的检测示意图。
图17A是图16A-图16D所示结构中的触控传感层的电极图案的设计示意图。
图17B是图16A-图16D所示结构中的显示驱动层上的公共电极层的电极图案的设计示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚、明确，以下参照附图并举实施例对本发明进一步详细说明。
触控设备中，用以实现触摸位置检测的触摸传感器一般包括第一、第二电极层，该两个电极层之间形成一电容器结构，进而实现互电容检测。本发明实施例中，还包括与第二电极层通过一可压缩层相隔的第三电极层。由于用户的触摸操作的压力可通过可压缩层传导至第三电极层，进而会引起第二电极层与第三电极层之间的电容值的变化，因此当进行触摸压力检测时，根据该电容值的变化即可计算出用户的触摸操作的压力信息。
基于上述原理，本发明实施例所提供的触摸检测装置如图1所示，该触摸检测装置包括驱动电路1、触摸传感器2和触摸压力检测单元3。该触摸检测装置可内置于需要具有触控和压力检测功能的设备中，如智能手机、平板电脑、电脑触控板等。
图2示出了上述触摸传感器2的结构，触摸传感器2包括第一电极层21、第二电极层22、第三电极层23，第一电极层21和第二电极层22之间为刚性绝缘层24，该刚性绝缘层24用于将第一电极层21和第二电极层22隔开固定距离，第二电极层22和第三电极层23之间设有可压缩层25，可压缩层25具有一定的可压缩性，可感知由用户的触摸压力所带来的形变，当受到用户的触摸压力时，可压缩层25的形变会造成第二电极层22与第三电极层23之间的距离的改变。进一步地，还可以在第一电极层21的表面设置保护层26，用于对第一电极层21进行保护，防止划伤、撞击等动作对第一电极层21造成损伤。
第一电极层21、第二电极层22和刚性绝缘层24构成了触摸传感组件，例如可以进行触摸位置的检测，当对触摸位置检测时，可通过第一电极层21和第二电极层22共同实现(例如互电容触摸传感器)，当然也可以通过第一电极层21单独实现(例如自电容触摸传感器)。第一电极层21和第二电极层22上的电极图案可以采用如3A-3D示出的横条状、竖条状、矩阵状、波浪条纹状等，第二电极层22上还可以不设计电极图案，直接采用如图3E所示的一整块电极。
第三电极层23也可以采用如图3E所示的一整块电极，或者也可以设计一些简单的图案，只要能使第二电极层22和第三电极层23可形成一个电容器结构即可。由于可压缩层25可受触摸压力而形变，造成第一电极层22和第二电极层23之间的距离发生改变，因此第二电极层22和第三电极层23所形成的电容器结构的电容值也可随第二电极层22与第三电极层23之间的距离的变化而变化。
请一同参照图1、图2，驱动电路1用于驱动触摸传感器2中的第一电极层21、第二电极层22和第三电极层23。
触摸压力检测单元3用于根据所检测到的所述电容器结构的电容值的变化，计算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。为便于描述，本发明中的“电容器结构的电容值”均指“第二电极层22和第三电极层23所形成的电容器结构的电容值”。
如上文所述，当有触摸操作时，上述可压缩层25受力而形变，造成该电容器结构的电容值变化，触摸压力检测单元3此时对该电容器结构的电容值的检测结果不同于在无触摸操作时的检测结果，因此，触摸压力检测单元3根据在被触摸前后所检测到的该电容器结构的电容值的变化，便可计算出用户在触摸传感器2上的触摸操作的压力信息。
结合图1、图2，触摸位置的检测可以通过在触摸操作前后第一电极层21、第二电极层22之间的互电容的变化确定(互电容检测原理)，或仅通过对第一电极层21的检测来确定(自电容检测原理)。而在进行触摸压力检测时，第一电极层21作为整个触摸检测装置的检测电极，因此需通过对第一电极层21进行检测才能得到上述电容器结构的电容值，不过检测结果中除包含有上述电容器结构的电容值，还可能包含有第一电极层21和第二电极层22之间的电容值，甚至在有触摸操作时，检测结果还包含有触摸手指与第一电极层21之间的电容值。因此，为了计算出上述电容器结构的电容值的变化，需要分别在触摸前后的检测结果中把包含的不需要的部分去掉，为此，检测时，需对第二电极层22、第三电极层23的状态加以控制以使检测结果中包含需要的电容值信息，如驱动电路1对第二电极层22输出的驱动信号为一固定电平，或使第二电极层22处于悬浮状态，或者接入某种信号；再如驱动电路1对第三电极层输出的驱动信号为一固定电平(可以为与大地相同的零电位或者其它电位的固定电平)，或使第三电极层处于悬浮状态，或者接入某种信号。
具体地，本发明实施例所提供的如上文所述的触摸检测装置的检测方法，包括：
第一驱动步骤：在无触摸操作时以第一组驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层。
第一电容值检测步骤：在无触摸操作时，对所述电容器结构进行检测得到第一电容值。
第二驱动步骤：在有触摸操作时以第二组驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层。
第二电容值检测步骤：在有触摸操作时对所述电容器结构进行检测得到第二电容值。
触摸压力计算步骤：根据所述第一电容值与所述第二电容值的差值计算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
本发明实施例现提供两种检测方式对触摸压力检测原理进行描述。
检测方式一
在本检测方式中，第一组驱动信号包括用于第一电极层自容检测的第一驱动信号和第一固定电平信号；第二组驱动信号包括用于第一电极层自容检测的第二驱动信号和第二固定电平信号。其中，第一驱动信号和第二驱动信号可以为正弦波信号、方波信号等，第一固定电平信号和第二固定电平信号可以为包括但不限于零伏电平的任何固定电平。另外需要说明的是，在本检测方式一和后续的检测方式二中，某电极层处于“悬浮状态”是指该电极层中的所有电极全部处于悬浮状态，或者指该电极层中的部分电极处于悬浮状态。
请参照图4，本发明实施例提供的上述触摸检测装置的触摸压力检测方法包括下述步骤：
第一驱动步骤S401，当没有触摸操作时，驱动电路1保持以第一组驱动信号中的第一驱动信号驱动第一电极层21，先将第二电极层22置于第一固定电平信号V，然后再将第二电极层22置于悬浮状态且第三电极层23接地；
第一电容值检测步骤S402，触摸压力检测单元3检测将第二电极层22置于第一固定电平信号V时第一电极层21的自电容值C11，以及检测将第二电极层22置于悬浮状态且第三电极层23接地时第一电极层21的自电容值C15，然后，根据自电容值C11和自电容值C15计算得到第一电容值C12。
本实施例中，自电容值C11为以第一驱动信号驱动的第一电极层21与置于第一固定电平信号V的第二电极层22之间的电容值，检测示意图参照图5A。
而电容值C15为自电容值C11与第一电容值C12的串联值，该第一电容值C12为置于悬浮状态的第二电极层22和接地的第三电极层23之间的电容值，检测示意图参照图5B，因此，根据自电容值C11和自电容值C15计算第一电容值C12的具体计算公式为：1/C15＝1/C11+1/C12。
第二驱动步骤S403，驱动电路1保持以第二驱动信号驱动第一电极层21，先将第二电极层22置于第二固定电平信号V，然后再将第二电极层22置于悬浮状态且第三电极层23接地。
第二电容值检测步骤S404，当有触摸操作时，触摸检测单元3检测将第二电极层22置于第二固定电平信号V时第一电极层21的自电容值C16，以及检测将第二电极层22置于悬浮状态且第三电极层23接地时第一电极层21的自电容值C18。然后，根据自电容值C11和自电容值C16计算得到触摸手指与第一电极层21之间的电容值C13；再根据电容值C13和自电容值C18计算得到自电容值C11与第二电容值的串联后的电容值C19；之后，再根据所述电容值C19和自电容值C11计算出第二电容值C14。
当将第二电极层22置于一固定电平V时，由于第一电极层21和第二电极层22之间为刚性绝缘层24，因此第一电极层21与第二电极层22之间的电容C11将保持不变，检测得到的第一电极层21的自电容值C16为人体手指作用增加的电容值C13与自电容值C11之和，检测示意图参照图5C。
当将第二电极层22置于悬浮状态且第三电极层23接地时，由于第二电极层22和第三电极层23之间为可压缩层25，受触摸操作的压力影响，第二电极层22和第三电极层23之间的距离将变小，第二电极层22和第三电极层23之间的电容值C14将增加。检测得到的第一电极层21的自电容值C18为人体手指作用增加的电容值C13与电容值C19之和，该电容值C19为自电容值C11与电容值C14的串联值,检测示意图参照图5D。
触摸压力计算步骤S405，触摸压力检测单元3通过第一电容值C12相对于第二电容值C14的差值，换算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
作为本发明的一个实施例，可预先通过训练得到电容值变化量与触摸压力大小之间的换算公式，每次直接根据该换算公式进行换算即可。作为本发明的又一个实施例，还可以预先设置一电容值变化量与触摸压力的映射关系表，得到第一电容值C12相对于第二电容值C14的电容值变化量，直接查找该映射关系表得到具体的触摸压力。
检测方式二
本检测方式中，第一组驱动信号包括用于第一电极层自容检测的第三驱动信号；第二组驱动信号包括用于第一电极层自容检测的第四驱动信号。同理，第三驱动信号、第四驱动信号也可以为正弦波信号、方波信号等。
请参照图6，本发明实施例提供的触摸压力检测方法包括下述步骤：
第一驱动步骤S601，在无触摸操作时，驱动电路1以第三驱动信号驱动第一电极层21，将第二电极层22置于悬浮状态且第三电极层23接地。
第一电容值检测步骤S602，当无触摸操作时，触摸检测单元3检测第一电极层21的自电容值C75。
参照图7A，此时检测得到的第一电极层21的自电容值C75为自电容值C71与第一电容值C72的串联值，其中，自电容值C71为第一电极层21与第二电极层22之间的电容值，第一电容值C72为无触摸操作时第二电极层22与第三电极层23之间的电容值。
第二驱动步骤S603，在有触摸操作时，驱动电路1保持以第四驱动信号驱动第一电极层21，先以第四驱动信号驱动第二电极层22，然后再将第二电极层22置于悬浮状态且第三电极层23接地。
第二电容值检测S604，当有触摸操作时，触摸检测单元3将第一电极层21、第二电极层22接入同样的驱动信号，检测第一电极层32与人体的电容值C73。然后，检测将第二电极层22置于悬浮状态且第三电极层23接地时第一电极层21的自电容值C76；然后，根据自电容值C76和自电容值C73计算得到有触摸操作时电容值C71和第二电容值C74的串联值。
由于第一电极层21和第二电极层22的驱动信号相同，此时将检测不出第一电极层21和第二电极层22之间的电容值C71，测试示意图参照图7B。
第二电容值C74为有触摸操作时第二电极层22与第三电极层23之间的电容值，测试示意图参照图7C。
触摸压力计算步骤S605，触摸检测单元3根据自电容值C75相对于自电容值C76的差值，换算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
从上文可以看出，由于用户的触摸操作的压力可通过可压缩层25传导至第三电极层23，进而会引起第二电极层与第三电极层之间的电容值的变化。因此当进行触摸压力检测时，根据该电容值的变化即可计算出用户的触摸操作的压力信息。具体实施时，所有的电极层完全可以复用触控设备中原本存在的一些具有电极层的部件，这样相当于成本上也没有增加。下文通过几个实施例描述将上述触摸检测装置应用于一些类型的触控设备时，第三电极层23的复用情况。
实施例一
参见图8，为将上述触摸检测装置应用在混合In Cell触控屏幕设备中的优选实施例。如图8所示，具体结构为：包括一金属中框81，金属中框81具有一凹陷部，在金属中框81表面覆盖有起保护作用的钢化玻璃82。该凹陷部之内容置有框内组件，该框内组件从上到下依次设置有：显示屏的偏振片83、透明的触控传感层84、CF玻璃85、显示驱动层86和TFT玻璃87。在TFT玻璃87下为显示模组的其他光学组件，如导光板、反射膜等。在金属中框81与框内组件之间存在一定的空气间隙88或者泡棉，其通过胶水或框胶与钢化玻璃82粘合，其通常接地。
透明的触控传感层84复用为第一电极层，其材料为ITO，设计形状为如图9A所示的双竖条。显示驱动层86位于CF玻璃85和TFT玻璃87之间，其中的公共电极层作为第二电极层，其位于CF玻璃的下表面，可切割成如图9B所示的形状，与图9A所示的触控传感层84形成触摸位置传感组件。金属中框81作为第三电极层。空气间隙88或泡棉作为可压缩层。
结合图10A、10B、10C和图11进一步说明实施例一的工作过程：
首先，进行触控设备初始化，通过将检测到的第一、二电极层之间的互电容值与原始值相比较判断有无手指触摸。若无手指触摸，通过设置第二电极层的电极为一固定电平或者悬浮状态，参见图8和图10A，检测出固定电平状态下的第一电极层的自电容值C21和悬浮状态下的第一电极层的自电容值C25，其中C25为C21与C22的串联值，然后计算出C21和C22。若检测到手指触摸时，参见图10B和图10C，通过第一、二电极层之间的互电容值检测，检测出触摸点的位置，再分别将第二电极层设置为悬浮和一固定电平，检测出第一电极层在第二电极层为固定电平状态下的自电容值C27，其自电容值为C21与C23的并联值，第一电极层在第二电极层为悬浮状态下的自电容值C28，其C28的值为C21和C24的串联电容与C23和值。结合触摸点，通过比较C22和C24的值得出压力的大小。其中，电容值C21-C28的定义请参照上文内容。
本实施例的优点：1、能够在触控设备触摸屏原有的基础上增加压力检测，在增强用户体验的同时不增加成本；2、由于利用触摸屏自身的结构，可靠性高，一致性好。
实施例二
参见图12A、12B、12C和12D，为将第三电极层置于显示屏幕模组上应用混合Incell触控屏幕设备中的优选实施例。其具体结构包括：铁框或者放射片121以及设置在铁框或者放射片121上的支撑块128，还包括从上到下依次设置有对显示屏幕进行保护的钢化玻璃122、偏振片123、触控传感层124、CF玻璃125、显示驱动层126、TFT玻璃127和可压缩层129，所述TFT玻璃127放置在支撑块128上，所述可压缩层129位于支撑块128与TFT玻璃127以及铁框或者放射片121所围成的空间内。在TFT玻璃127后面为屏幕的其他光学组件。
本实施例中，触控传感层124作为第一电极层，材料为ITO，其结构为图9A所示的双竖条。利用显示驱动层126中的公共电极层作为第二电极层，可以将其切割成如图9B所示的形状。支撑块128为框贴胶。第三电极层为导电的铁框或者放射片121，通常将其接地。其检测方法实施例一的方法一致，不再赘述。
实施例三
图13A、13B、13C和13D给出将上述触摸检测装置在全In cell即Full In-cell触控屏幕设备中的优选实施例。参照图13A-图13D，包括一铁框131，以及从上至下依次覆盖在铁框131上的用于保护屏幕的玻璃132、偏振片133、CF玻璃134、触控传感层135、TFT玻璃136、具有屏蔽作用的显示驱动层137和可压缩层138。铁框31具有一凹陷部，可压缩层138置于该凹陷部之内。
其中，利用触控传感层135作为第一电极层，其材料可为ITO等，具体结构为图3C所示的矩形点阵状，工作模式为自容检测，其位于显示屏幕的CF玻璃134和TFT玻璃136之间。具有屏蔽作用的显示驱动层137中的公共电极层作为第三电极层，具体结构为图3C所示的矩形形状，其状态可设置为悬浮状态或者为一固定电平。
实施例四
图14A、14B、14C和14D给出了将上述触摸检测装置应用在on-cell触控屏幕设备中的优选实施例。参照图14A-图14D，包括金属中框141，金属中框141表面覆盖有起保护作用的钢化玻璃142。金属中框141具有一凹陷部，该凹陷部之内容置有框内组件，所述框内组件包括从上到下依次设置的：偏振片143、触控传感层144、CF玻璃145、显示驱动层146和TFT玻璃147。金属中框141与所述框内组件之间存在一定的空气间隙148。
其中，触控传感层144作为第一电极层，其具体电极图案设计如图15A所示，为单层三角形图案。第二电极层为显示驱动层146上的公共电极层，其材料可为ITO等，其具体电极图案设计如图15B所示，为一平板结构。通过相应的控制电路能够将第二电极层设置为接一固定电平或为悬浮状态。接地的金属中框141作为第三电极层。空气间隙148作为可压缩层。
实施例五
图16A、16B、16C和16D给出了将上述触摸检测装置应用在out-off-cell触控屏幕设备中的优选实施例，参照图16A-图16D，具体结构为：包括金属中框161，以及覆盖在金属中框161表面的起保护作用的钢化玻璃162。金属中框161具有一凹陷部，该凹陷部之内容置有框内组件，该框内组件包括从上到下依次设置的：触控传感层163、偏振片164、CF玻璃165、显示驱动层166和TFT玻璃167。在TFT玻璃167下为显示模组的其他光学组件，如导光板、反射膜等。在金属中框161与该框内组件之间存在一定的空气间隙168，其通过胶水或框胶与钢化玻璃162粘合，其通常接地。
触控传感层163的电极设计图案如图17A所示，为双层垂直条状图案，上电极层和下电极层中间设置有薄膜，工作模式为互容，可以将上电极层复用为第一电极层。显示驱动层166上的公共电极层为第二电极层，其材料为ITO，具体电极图案设计为如图17B所示的平板状，通过相应的控制电路能够将其设置为接一固定电平或为悬浮状态。当然，也可以将触控传感层163的下电极层复用为第二电极层。接地的金属中框161作为第三电极层。
应当理解的是，本发明的应用不限于上述的举例，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (12)

1.一种触摸检测装置，其特征在于，包括：触摸传感器、驱动电路和触摸压力检测单元；
所述触摸传感器包括依次设置的第一电极层、刚性绝缘层、第二电极层、可压缩层和第三电极层；其中，所述可压缩层可在受到触摸压力时改变所述第二电极层与所述第三电极层之间的距离；所述第一电极层、所述第二电极层和所述第三电极层复用触控设备中具有电极层的部件；
所述第一电极层用于单独作为触摸传感组件，或与所述第二电极层共同形成触摸传感组件；
所述第二电极层与所述第三电极层形成一电容器结构；所述电容器结构的电容值随所述第二电极层与所述第三电极层之间的距离的变化而变化；
所述驱动电路，用于在无触摸操作时以第一组驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层，在有触摸操作时以第二组驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层；其中，所述第一组驱动信号与所述第二组驱动信号不同；
所述触摸压力检测单元，用于在无触摸操作时，通过检测所述第一电极层的自电容值，对所述电容器结构进行检测得到第一电容值；在有触摸操作时，通过检测所述第一电极层的自电容值，对所述电容器结构进行检测得到第二电容值；然后根据所述第一电容值与所述第二电容值的差值计算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
2.如权利要求1所述的触摸检测装置，其特征在于：
所述驱动电路具体通过如下方式在无触摸操作时对所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层进行驱动：保持以第一驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层，先将所述第二电极层置于第一固定电平信号，然后再将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地；
所述触摸压力检测单元具体通过如下方式在无触摸操作时对所述电容器结构进行检测得到所述第一电容值：检测将所述第二电极层置于第一固定电平信号时所述第一电极层的自电容值C11，以及检测将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地时所述第一电极层的自电容值C15；然后，根据自电容值C11和自电容值C15计算得到第一电容值C12；
所述驱动电路具体通过如下方式在有触摸操作时对所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层进行驱动：保持以第二驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层，先将所述第二电极层置于第二固定电平信号，然后再将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地；
所述触摸压力检测单元具体通过如下方式在有触摸操作时对所述电容器结构进行检测得到所述第二电容值：检测将所述第二电极层置于第二固定电平信号时所述第一电极层的自电容值C16，以及检测将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地时所述第一电极层的自电容值C18；然后，根据所述自电容值C11和所述自电容值C16计算得到触摸手指与所述第一电极层之间的电容值C13；再根据所述电容值C13和所述自电容值C18计算得到所述自电容值C11与所述第二电容值的串联后的电容值C19；之后，再根据所述电容值C19和自电容值C11计算出第二电容值C14；
所述触摸压力检测单元最后再根据所述第一电容值C12相对于所述第二电容值C14的差值，换算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
3.如权利要求1所述的触摸检测装置，其特征在于，
所述驱动电路具体通过如下方式在无触摸操作时对所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层进行驱动：以第三驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层，将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地；
所述触摸压力检测单元具体通过如下方式在无触摸操作时对所述电容器结构进行检测得到所述第一电容值：检测所述第一电极层的自电容值C75；所述自电容值C75为无触摸操作时电容值C71和所述第一电容值的串联值，所述电容值C71为所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间的电容值；
所述驱动电路具体通过如下方式在有触摸操作时对所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层进行驱动：保持以第四驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层，先以第四驱动信号驱动所述第二电极层，然后再将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地；
所述触摸压力检测单元具体通过如下方式在有触摸操作时对所述电容器结构进行检测得到所述第二电容值：检测以第四驱动信号驱动所述第二电极层时所述第一电极层与人体的电容值C73，以及检测将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地时所述第一电极层的自电容值C76；然后，根据所述自电容值C76和所述自电容值C73计算得到有触摸操作时所述电容值C71和所述第二电容值的串联值；最后，再根据所述自电容值C75相对于所述自电容值C76的差值，换算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
4.一种触控设备，其特征在于，其内置有如权利要求1至3任一项所述的触摸检测装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的触控设备，其特征在于，所述触控设备包括一金属中框，所述金属中框具有一凹陷部；所述金属中框表面覆盖有起保护作用的钢化玻璃；在所述凹陷部之内容置有框内组件，所述框内组件包括从上到下依次设置的：显示屏的偏振片、透明的触控传感层、CF玻璃、显示驱动层和TFT玻璃；在所述金属中框与所述框内组件之间存在空气间隙或者泡棉；
其中，所述透明的触控传感层复用为所述第一电极层；所述显示驱动层上的公共电极层复用为所述第二电极层，其位于所述CF玻璃的下表面；所述金属中框复用为所述第三电极层；所述空气间隙或者所述泡棉复用为所述可压缩层。
6.如权利要求4所述的触控设备，其特征在于，所述触控设备包括一可导电的铁框或者放射片以及设置在所述铁框或者放射片上的支撑块，还包括从上到下依次设置有对显示屏幕进行保护的钢化玻璃、偏振片、触控传感层、CF玻璃、显示驱动层、TFT玻璃和所述可压缩层，所述TFT玻璃放置在所述支撑块上，所述可压缩层位于所述支撑块与所述TFT玻璃以及所述铁框或者放射片所围成的空间内；
其中，所述触控传感层复用为所述第一电极层；所述显示驱动层上的公共电极层复用为所述第二电极层；所述铁框或者放射片复用为所述第三电极层。
7.如权利要求4所述的触控设备，其特征在于，所述触控设备包括一铁框，以及从上至下依次覆盖在所述铁框上的用于保护屏幕的玻璃、偏振片、CF玻璃、触控传感层、TFT玻璃、具有屏蔽作用的显示驱动层和所述可压缩层；所述铁框具有一凹陷部，所述可压缩层置于所述凹陷部之内；
其中，所述触控传感层复用为所述第一电极层；所述具有屏蔽作用的显示驱动层上的公共电极层复用为所述第二电极层；所述铁框复用为所述第三电极层。
8.如权利要求4所述的触控设备，其特征在于，所述触控设备包括一金属中框，所述金属中框具有一凹陷部；所述金属中框表面覆盖有起保护作用的钢化玻璃；在所述凹陷部之内容置有框内组件，所述框内组件包括从上到下依次设置的：偏振片、触控传感层、CF玻璃、显示驱动层和TFT玻璃；在所述金属中框与所述框内组件之间存在一定的空气间隙；
其中，所述触控传感层复用为所述第一电极层；显示驱动层上的公共电极层复用为所述第二电极层；所述金属中框复用为所述第三电极层；所述空气间隙复用为所述可压缩层。
9.如权利要求4所述的触控设备，其特征在于，所述触控设备包括一金属中框，所述金属中框具有一凹陷部；所述金属中框表面覆盖有起保护作用的钢化玻璃；在所述凹陷部之内容置有框内组件，所述框内组件包括从上到下依次设置的：触控传感层、偏振片、CF玻璃、显示驱动层和TFT玻璃；在所述金属中框与所述框内组件之间存在一定的空气间隙；
其中，所述触控传感层为双电极层的结构，包括上电极层和下电极层，所述上电极层复用为所述第一电极层；所述下电极层或显示驱动层上的公共电极层复用为所述第二电极层；所述金属中框复用为所述第三电极层；所述空气间隙复用为所述可压缩层。
10.一种触摸检测装置的检测方法，其特征在于，所述触摸检测装置为权利要求1所述的触摸检测装置；所述检测方法包括：
第一驱动步骤：在无触摸操作时以第一组驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层；
第一电容值检测步骤：在无触摸操作时，通过检测所述第一电极层的自电容值，对所述电容器结构进行检测得到第一电容值；
第二驱动步骤：在有触摸操作时以第二组驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层、第二电极层和第三电极层；其中，所述第一组驱动信号与所述第二组驱动信号不同；
第二电容值检测步骤：在有触摸操作时，通过检测所述第一电极层的自电容值，对所述电容器结构进行检测得到第二电容值；
触摸压力计算步骤：根据所述电容器结构在无触摸操作时的第一电容值与所述第二电容值的差值计算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
11.如权利要求10所述的检测方法，其特征在于：
所述第一驱动步骤具体包括：在无触摸操作时，保持以第一驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层，先将所述第二电极层置于第一固定电平信号，然后再将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地；
所述第一电容值检测步骤具体包括：在无触摸操作时，检测将所述第二电极层置于第一固定电平信号时所述第一电极层的自电容值C11，以及检测将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地时所述第一电极层的自电容值C15；然后，根据自电容值C11和自电容值C15计算得到第一电容值C12；
所述第二驱动步骤具体包括：在有触摸操作时，保持以第二驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层，先将所述第二电极层置于第二固定电平信号，然后再将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地；
所述第二电容值检测步骤具体包括：在有触摸操作时，检测将所述第二电极层置于第二固定电平信号时所述第一电极层的自电容值C16，以及检测将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地时所述第一电极层的自电容值C18；然后，根据所述自电容值C11和所述自电容值C16计算得到触摸手指与所述第一电极层之间的电容值C13；再根据所述电容值C13和所述自电容值C18计算得到所述自电容值C11与所述第二电容值的串联后的电容值C19；之后，再根据所述电容值C19和自电容值C11计算出第二电容值C14；
所述触摸压力计算步骤具体包括：根据所述第一电容值C12相对于所述第二电容值C14的差值，换算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
12.如权利要求10所述的检测方法，其特征在于：
所述第一驱动步骤具体包括：在无触摸操作时，以第三驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层，将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地；
所述第一电容值检测步骤具体包括：在无触摸操作时，检测所述第一电极层的自电容值C75；所述自电容值C75为无触摸操作时电容值C71和所述第一电容值的串联值，所述电容值C71为所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层之间的电容值；
所述第二驱动步骤具体包括：在有触摸操作时，保持以第四驱动信号驱动所述第一电极层，先以第四驱动信号驱动所述第二电极层，然后再将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地；
所述第二电容值检测步骤具体包括：在有触摸操作时，检测以第四驱动信号驱动所述第二电极层时所述第一电极层与人体的电容值C73，以及检测将所述第二电极层置于悬浮状态且所述第三电极层接地时所述第一电极层的自电容值C76；然后，根据所述自电容值C76和所述自电容值C73计算得到有触摸操作时所述电容值C71和所述第二电容值的串联值；
所述触摸压力计算步骤具体包括：根据所述自电容值C75相对于所述自电容值C76的差值，换算出用户触摸操作的压力信息。
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