CN106092044A - building level measuring method - Google Patents
building level measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106092044A CN106092044A CN201610617931.5A CN201610617931A CN106092044A CN 106092044 A CN106092044 A CN 106092044A CN 201610617931 A CN201610617931 A CN 201610617931A CN 106092044 A CN106092044 A CN 106092044A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of building level measuring method, for building being carried out the testing of bench mark, comprise the following steps: 1. select pilot measurement point, determine the testing elevation of bench mark and execute point position, determining the position of survey station point according to the position of pilot measurement point and testing point；2. set up level gauge at survey station point, place scale at pilot measurement point, and determine this scale answer testing height, described in answer testing be highly the difference of elevation that the testing elevation of bench mark deducts pilot measurement point；3. answering testing position highly on the scale at the height adjustment of level gauge to alignment pilot measurement point, making the testing of level gauge highly become known elevation, this known elevation is the testing elevation of bench mark；4. horizontally rotate the testing point of level gauge horizontal aligument building known to step 3 camber, by the testing point of the elevation testing of bench mark to building.The present invention measures that process is simple, it is high to measure precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building level measuring method.
Background technology
Traditional building measurement of higher degree method, is that (absolute elevation coordinate and building are corresponding for the pilot measurement point that provided by regional planning agency
The relation of elevation) determine building elevation, and use closed circuit, repeat circuit, round circuit to check its measurement result.Pass
Unified test metering method typically uses following steps: testing person set up level gauge chi people scale put to pilot measurement point (assume to be set to ±
0.000) testing person reads reader on scale and calculates level gauge height and be converted into the building elevation wanting testing
(generally+1.00M).
The method is cumbersome, precision is not enough, because of its instrument height with testing point the most in the same horizontal line, so can not be timely
Process error during discovery instrumental error and construction survey (includes chi people's centering error, dotted line time error, instrument itself
Error etc.), and this error is not found.In traditional method: 1, do not know height of instrument because of testing person.2、
Height of instrument is not the most integer.3, checking that constructure ground, stay in place form testing person can not directly read the error amount of template.
4, the most also want each point to keep a record, go back to office and carry out conversion error value.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of measures that process is simple, measure the building level that precision is high
Measuring method.
The technical scheme is that a kind of building level measuring method, for building
Thing carries out the testing of bench mark, comprises the following steps:
Step (1): select pilot measurement point, determines the testing elevation of bench mark and executes point position, according to pilot measurement point and testing
The position of point determines the position of survey station point；
Step (2): survey station point set up level gauge, pilot measurement point place scale, and determine this scale answer testing height,
The difference of the described elevation answering the testing testing elevation highly for bench mark to deduct pilot measurement point；
Step (3): answering testing position highly on the scale at the height adjustment of level gauge to alignment pilot measurement point, make water
The testing of quasi-instrument highly becomes known elevation, and this known elevation is the testing elevation of bench mark；
Step (4): horizontally rotate the testing point of level gauge horizontal aligument building known to step (3) camber, by water
Elevation testing on schedule is to the testing point of building.
As preferably, described building has multiple testing point, and arranges multiple survey station point, is being transformed to by level gauge
During each survey station point, level gauge remains the same testing elevation of alignment at the height of each survey station point, and this testing elevation is
The testing elevation of bench mark.
As preferably, in step (3), use and place scale at each testing point, and in rotating detection process, read level gauge
The rod reading being directed at the mode recorded are to determine the level height of each testing point；
Or the mode using the position being directed at by level gauge at each testing point in rotating detection process to be marked determines
The level height of each testing point.
As preferably, in step (3), the position being directed at each testing point by level gauge in rotating detection process is marked
Note, and mark is connected by the way of playing horizontal line by each testing point of testing two-by-two, form the level of building
Line.
As preferably, this measuring method also includes each testing point, levelling line are carried out inspection and checked, and comprises the following steps:
Step A: when testing person converts survey station point in rotating detection process, height of leveling instrument alignment levelling line；
Step B: slowly rotate level gauge, as level gauge crosshair overlaps with the levelling line of building, represents measurement result
Correctly, can directly find when rotating level gauge if any error.
As preferably, this measuring method is additionally included in inspection and the correction during measurement to level gauge, including following step
Rapid:
Step a: take any two air line distance testing point not less than 40m, this level gauge with level gauge on building
The isosceles triangle with this level gauge as summit is constituted with above-mentioned two testing point line in same level；
Step b: the testing elevation that testing elevation is bench mark of described level gauge alignment, by the crosshair pair of this level gauge
Two testing points choosing in quasi-step a are also marked in the position that each testing point is directed at by the crosshair of this level gauge；
Step c: the position converting described level gauge makes two the testing points chosen in itself and step a in same level
Line form right angle triangle, this right angled triangle with the line of two described testing points as hypotenuse, this right angled triangle
The length of a wherein right-angle side be not more than 3m；
Step d: adjust described level gauge so that it is the testing elevation that testing elevation is bench mark of alignment, by this level
The mark of two testing points described in step c observed by instrument, and the mark such as two testing points is still located on sustained height, i.e.
Show that level gauge is working properly, coincidence measurement precision, otherwise, it is necessary to can use after level gauge is corrected.
As preferably, the reading direction of the scale at pilot measurement point and at testing point is held in vertical.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, tradition height of leveling instrument the unknown is become known.2, decrease pilot measurement elevation and
The conversion process of testing elevation.3, survey station point instrument height is real with building needs elevation in the same horizontal line, has reached to measure again
Core settles at one go.4, after conversion instrumented site, it is similarly aligned with+1.00M point on building can find that this accuracy of instrument is by mistake in time
Difference.5, the method as in short supply in Field Force people can complete the level gauge more more accurate than two people and accurately measure.6, utilize
This method can also allow on-the-spot testing person that instrumental error can be found in time can to control oneself in 10 minutes and instrument is adjusted to allow
In the range of, make testing compliant requirement.7, this method is used: in constructing at building structure, check that form height, ground are high
Can a reading error value during degree error.8, as when certain building, building is B1, two floor testing personnel often+-numerical computations
The reverse phenomenon causing basis to backbreak or again to excavate for the second time is the most common in construction, by this method: such as basement-8m, execute
Survey person moves on to the integer of-6.5m datum mark, and then, instrument is to quasi-6.5m.If datum mark is set as integer, instrument every time
It is directed at known elevation, makes a fault when thus being avoided that calculating, just can complete without computer just mental arithmetic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the instrumentation plan of embodiments of the invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the instrumentation plan of floor template platform in embodiments of the invention 2；
Detailed description of the invention
Being described principle and the feature of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example is served only for explaining the present invention, and
Non-for limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, use the method for the present invention that building carries out the testing of bench mark, comprise the following steps:
Step (1): select pilot measurement point 2, determines the testing elevation of bench mark and executes point position, according to pilot measurement point 2 with execute
The position of measuring point determines the position of survey station point.
Step (2): set up level gauge 1 at survey station point, places scale at pilot measurement point 2, and determine this scale answer testing high
Degree, described in answer testing be highly the difference of elevation that the testing elevation of bench mark deducts pilot measurement point；If as it is shown in figure 1, pilot measurement point 2
Height be ± 0.00m, the testing elevation of bench mark is set as+1.00m, described in answer testing the most then for+1.00m.
Step (3): answering testing position highly on the scale at the height adjustment of level gauge 1 to alignment pilot measurement point 2, make
The testing of level gauge 1 highly becomes known elevation, and this known elevation is the testing elevation of bench mark；
Step (4): horizontally rotate the testing point of level gauge 1 horizontal aligument building known to step (3) camber, by water
Elevation testing on schedule is marked to the testing point of building, the position being directed at by level gauge 1 at testing point.
Building the most all determines there is multiple testing point, and determines there is multiple survey according to the position of pilot measurement point and testing point
Website, during level gauge 1 is transformed to each survey station point, at the height of each survey station point, level gauge 1 remains that alignment is same
One testing elevation, this testing elevation is the testing elevation of bench mark.The level gauge 1 side in the elevation procedure (2) of each survey station point
Method is adjusted, and cannot be directed at the survey station point of pilot measurement point at some, and the level gauge 1 at this then can be by being directed at executing of testing
The mark of measuring point is adjusted to testing height.
In rotating detection process, after the position being directed at each testing point by level gauge 1 is marked, each testing to testing
Mark is connected by the way of playing horizontal line by point two-by-two, forms the levelling line of building.
The measuring method of the present invention also includes each testing point, levelling line are carried out inspection and checked, and comprises the following steps:
Step A: when testing person converts survey station point in rotating detection process, height of leveling instrument alignment levelling line；
Step B: slowly rotate level gauge, as level gauge crosshair overlaps with the levelling line of building, represents measurement result
Correctly, can directly find when rotating level gauge if any error.
The measuring method of the present invention is additionally included in inspection and the correction during measurement to level gauge, comprises the following steps:
Step a: take any two air line distance testing point not less than 40m, the present embodiment with level gauge 1 on building
In, as it is shown in figure 1, be positioned at the leftmost side and the testing point that two air line distances are 40m of the rightmost side on paper, in being positioned on paper
Between level gauge 1 constitute the isosceles three with this level gauge 1 as summit with above-mentioned two testing point line in same level
Dihedral；
Step b: the testing elevation that testing elevation is bench mark of described level gauge 1 alignment, by the crosshair of this level gauge 1
Two testing points choosing in alignment procedures a are also marked in the position that each testing point is directed at by the crosshair of this level gauge 1,
As it is shown in figure 1, form labelling point A3 and labelling point B4 respectively；
Step c: as it is shown in figure 1, convert rightmost position on described level gauge 1 to paper so that it is with labelling point A3 and
Labelling point B4 line form right angle triangle in same level, a wherein right-angle side of this right angled triangle is labelling
The line of some A3 and the line of labelling point B4, level gauge 1 described in a length of Fig. 1 of another right-angle side and labelling point B4, its
A length of 3m；
Step d: adjust described level gauge 1 so that it is the testing elevation that testing elevation is bench mark of alignment, by this level
Labelling point A3 and labelling point B4 observed by instrument 1, as labelling point A3 and labelling point B4 is still located on sustained height, i.e. shows level gauge 1
Working properly, coincidence measurement precision, otherwise, it is necessary to can use after level gauge 1 is corrected.
Grasp level gauge after this method take less than every 1 year, half a year be corrected to detection department, oneself periodically or not
Regularly carry out the correction work of instrument, make measurement more precisely, more relieved.
Embodiment 2
In floor template platform construction, need the error amount of beam, platform template to be checked, as beyond code requirement
Will later process construct before be adjusted in specification allowed band.Assume that the elevation of pilot measurement point is for ± 0.00m, it is assumed that this platform
The thickness of the concrete that will construct is 0.12m, uses the measuring method of the present invention to measure, comprises the following steps:
(1). selecting pilot measurement point, pilot measurement point height is ± 0.00m, determines that the elevation of floor bench mark is+1.4m (this floor
After construction, the elevation of floor template upper surface should be+0.00m), determine the position of testing point, in Fig. 2, rectangle frame represents floor mould
Plate platform, the round dot in rectangle frame is point (the i.e. testing point) position that each is to be checked, determines the position of survey station point, Fig. 2's
It it is one of them erection point (i.e. survey station point) of level gauge in the middle of in rectangle frame.
(2). set up level gauge at survey station point, place scale, at pilot measurement point and at testing point at pilot measurement point and each testing point
The reading direction of scale be held in vertical.Determine this scale answers testing highly for+1.4m.
(3) .+1.4m the reading on the scale at the height adjustment of level gauge 1 to alignment pilot measurement point 2, a floor is to the greatest extent
Amount uses a survey station point, and as really moved level gauge to other survey station points, the alidade of level gauge is all directed at pilot measurement point+1.4m
Reading.
(4). horizontally rotate the scale at level gauge horizontal aligument each testing point, read scale high scale numerical value.Such as reading
Be 1.52m, i.e. formwork elevation measuring is correct；If reading is 1.525m, i.e. the low 5mm of form height.
Cross above-mentioned measuring method measurement data mark on the plane graph of this floor template platform, can be to this floor mould
The levelness of plate platform correctly judges, exceedes design for error and code requirement is readjusted.
Measuring according to above-mentioned measuring method, the data of record are few, and computational methods are quickly and easily, decrease complexity
Conversion process, the error amount of template or flooring can be directly read, very convenient and practical, as long as testing personnel are through in short-term
Between exercise, grope, gaining the essentials just can free and relaxed complete.
In sum, use the measuring method of the present invention to measure, have the advantage that
1, tradition leveling measuring instrument height the unknown is become known.Because it is during measuring, sighting of level gauge
Portion is directly directed at, through quickly adjusting, the elevation wanted.(i.e. the testing elevation of building bench mark)
2, the conversion process of pilot measurement elevation and testing elevation is decreased.Such as: I want testing on certain building+
The pilot measurement point that the bench mark of 1.00m, Party A or regional planning agency are given is assumed to be building elevation-0.5m, and chi people is vertically put scale
Put on pilot measurement point, the 1.5m scale on the alidade alignment scale of level gauge, rotate instrument and align should survey on certain building
Point is level point or the horizontal line of+1.00.When eliminating traditional measurement, pilot measurement elevation adds scale height and subtracts the bench mark of testing
Elevation.Sometimes, testing personnel often because of mistake in computation or reverse+with-relation cause the consequence done over again.
3, elevation should be surveyed in the same horizontal line because this method survey station point level gauge is high with building, reach to measure and checked
Settle at one go.
4, behind conversion level gauge position, it is similarly aligned with+1.00M point on building can find this accuracy of instrument error in time.
5, as in short supply in Field Force, by the measuring method of the present invention, the measurement of building can be completed by a people,
It is more accurate than the two of traditional method people measure.Because this method height of level gauge when measuring is all known, if,
I will architectural will the horizontal line of one+1.00m of bullet, I exists with stainless rule or the acrylic glass ruler nail of a 300mm length
On wall, level gauge alidade sees that the point on chi seeks to the+1.00m of testing.+ the 1.00m of all of testing point is put and is connected
The horizontal line formed just elevation with level gauge is on same horizontal line.You can find the horizontal line that you measure at any time
Error amount.(two people of tradition measure the actual error value that can not find during measuring, and do not reach this measurement essence
Degree.(error essentially consists in by scale people, and chi heeling error, dotted line time error, yardstick portion accounts for thing error, testing person sometimes
Reading time error etc..Utilize this method that on-the-spot testing person can also be allowed to find instrumental error in time, can control oneself on-the-spot 10
In minute, instrument is adjusted in allowed band, makes testing compliant requirement.
6, this method is used: as can be once read when checking form height, ground level error in building structure construction
Go out error amount.
7, as when certain building, building is B1, two floor testing personnel often+-numerical computations is reverse causes basis to backbreak or the
The phenomenon that secondary excavates again is the most common in construction, by the measuring method of the present invention: such as basement-8m, testing person is level
The elevation of point moves on to the integer of-6.5m, and then, level gauge is to quasi-6.5m.If the elevation of bench mark is set as integer every time,
Level gauge is directed at known elevation, makes a fault when thus being avoided that calculating, just can complete without computer just mental arithmetic.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a building level measuring method, it is characterised in that for building being carried out the testing of bench mark, including following step
Rapid:
Step (1): select pilot measurement point, determines the testing elevation of bench mark and executes point position, according to pilot measurement point and testing point
Position determines the position of survey station point；
Step (2): survey station point set up level gauge, pilot measurement point place scale, and determine this scale answer testing height, described
Testing is answered highly to deduct the difference of elevation of pilot measurement point for the testing elevation of bench mark；
Step (3): answering testing position highly on the scale at the height adjustment of level gauge to alignment pilot measurement point, make level gauge
Testing highly become known elevation, this known elevation is the testing elevation of bench mark；
Step (4): horizontally rotate the testing point of level gauge horizontal aligument building known to step (3) camber, by bench mark
Elevation testing to the testing point of building.
Building level measuring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described building has multiple testing
Point, and multiple survey station point is set, during level gauge transforms to each survey station point, level gauge is at the height of each survey station point
Remaining the same testing elevation of alignment, this testing elevation is the testing elevation of bench mark.
Building level measuring method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that in step (3), uses respectively
Testing point places scale, and reads the rod reading of level gauge alignment the mode that records in rotating detection process to determine each testing
The level height of point；
Or the mode using the position being directed at by level gauge at each testing point in rotating detection process to be marked determines respectively to be executed
The level height of measuring point.
Building level measuring method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in step (3), in rotating detection process
The position being directed at each testing point by level gauge is marked, and will mark by the way of playing horizontal line to each testing point of testing
Connect two-by-two at note, form the levelling line of building.
Building level measuring method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that this measuring method also includes each testing
Point, levelling line carry out inspection and check, and comprise the following steps:
Step A: when testing person converts survey station point in rotating detection process, height of leveling instrument alignment levelling line；
Step B: slowly rotate level gauge, as level gauge crosshair overlaps with the levelling line of building, represents that measurement result is correct,
Can directly find when rotating level gauge if any error.
Building level measuring method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that this measuring method is additionally included in be measured
Inspection and correction to level gauge in journey, comprises the following steps:
Step a: taking any two air line distance testing point not less than 40m with level gauge on building, this level gauge is with upper
State two testing points line in same level and constitute the isosceles triangle with this level gauge as summit；
Step b: the testing elevation that testing elevation is bench mark of described level gauge alignment, is directed at step by the crosshair of this level gauge
Two testing points choosing in rapid a are also marked in the position that each testing point is directed at by the crosshair of this level gauge；
Step c: the position converting described level gauge makes two the testing points chosen in itself and step a company in same level
Line form right angle triangle, this right angled triangle with the line of two described testing points as hypotenuse, its of this right angled triangle
In the length of a right-angle side be not more than 3m；
Step d: adjust described level gauge so that it is the testing elevation that testing elevation is bench mark of alignment, is seen by this level gauge
Examining the mark of two described in step c testing point, the mark such as two testing points is still located on sustained height, i.e. shows
Level gauge is working properly, coincidence measurement precision, otherwise, it is necessary to can use after level gauge is corrected.
Building level measuring method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the scale at pilot measurement point and at testing point
Reading direction be held in vertical.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610617931.5A CN106092044B (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | Building level measurement method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610617931.5A CN106092044B (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2016-07-29 | Building level measurement method |
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| CN106092044A true CN106092044A (en) | 2016-11-09 |
| CN106092044B CN106092044B (en) | 2018-09-25 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108931231A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-12-04 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | The observation method of high-precision rolling mill foundation settlement |
| CN111536997A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-14 | 中建七局第一建筑有限公司 | Self-checking and correcting method for level |
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| CN103759705A (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2014-04-30 | 刘雁春 | Three-point closed laying measurement method for composite water level |
| CN105444733A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-03-30 | 长安大学 | Measuring scale and measuring method for automatically-centralized level gauge |
| CN105466366A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-04-06 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | High-rise frame-tube structure vertical absolute deformation and differential deformation monitoring device and method |
| CN105674952A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-06-15 | 武汉市市政建设集团有限公司 | Building settlement measurement device and method |
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| CN103759705A (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2014-04-30 | 刘雁春 | Three-point closed laying measurement method for composite water level |
| CN105466366A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-04-06 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | High-rise frame-tube structure vertical absolute deformation and differential deformation monitoring device and method |
| CN105674952A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-06-15 | 武汉市市政建设集团有限公司 | Building settlement measurement device and method |
| CN105444733A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-03-30 | 长安大学 | Measuring scale and measuring method for automatically-centralized level gauge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108931231A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-12-04 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | The observation method of high-precision rolling mill foundation settlement |
| CN111536997A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-14 | 中建七局第一建筑有限公司 | Self-checking and correcting method for level |
| CN111536997B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2023-06-02 | 中建七局第一建筑有限公司 | Self-checking correction method for level |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106092044B (en) | 2018-09-25 |
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