CN106089261B - Forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall supporting construction and method for protecting support - Google Patents
Forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall supporting construction and method for protecting support Download PDFInfo
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- CN106089261B CN106089261B CN201610608480.9A CN201610608480A CN106089261B CN 106089261 B CN106089261 B CN 106089261B CN 201610608480 A CN201610608480 A CN 201610608480A CN 106089261 B CN106089261 B CN 106089261B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 57
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the supporting construction and method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in a kind of forward steep dip thin layer country rock, belong to tunnel construction field, provide a kind of supporting construction that can be efficiently controlled tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock and disadvantageous deformation occurs.By on the basis of traditional only setting system anchor bolt supporting in the present invention, increase setting lateral connection muscle structure, and by lateral connection muscle be spliced to form it is netted after be closely fitted be attached to abutment wall surface, on the one hand certain supporting power can be provided the country rock between system anchor bolt, avoids the country rock between system anchor bolt that part occurs and collapses；On the other hand, system anchor bolt is linked to be by entirety by lateral connection muscle, the integer support intensity of system anchor bolt can be improved；The final supporting effect improved to abutment wall, and then effectively control the disadvantageous deformation of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock, while gunite concrete cracking caused by avoiding thus or local falling phenomenon.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of branch of tunnel abutment wall in tunnel construction technical field, more particularly to forward steep dip thin layer country rock
The method for protecting support of protection structure and the supporting construction.
Background technique
Forward steep dip thin layer country rock refers to the trend of rock stratum and tunnel excavation direction close to parallel, and 30 ° of general <, rock stratum is inclined
The inclination angle on inclined-plane is close to 90 °, 60 ° of general >, and the thickness of single layer rock stratum is usually less than the stratiform country rock of 10cm.This class surrounding rock,
After tunnel excavation, usually on the abutment wall position of tunnel two sides, the level large area of same layer rock stratum is exposed, exposure
Country rock be easy to produce under Unloading Effect, upper pressure and gravity bending fracture, bent and concordant peeling phenomenon of bursting.And it is existing
The preliminary bracing method to tunnel abutment wall be mainly element spray, net spray, shotcrete, steel arch-shelf and steel arch-shelf joint bolt-spary supports,
In it is most commonly seen in a manner of bolt-spary supports.In bolt-spary supports, the system anchor perpendicular to abutment wall is laid usually in tunnel abutment wall
Bar, this bolt interval are generally 1.0~1.5m, and are in quincunx or rectangular arrangement more.However, due between adjacent anchor pole
Spacing is larger, and usually not takes other effective connections between anchor pole or be only provided only with steel mesh layer, thus can not
Give the country rock deformed between anchor pole enough drags, so that the country rock between anchor pole is easy to appear biggish disadvantageous deformation, Jin Eryin
It plays gunite concrete crack occur or locally fall phenomenon, substantially increases the security risk of construction time, meanwhile, at the later period
During reason, because needing the country rock by the concrete of cracking position and relaxation to clean out and supporting again, engineering work can be made
Phase and investment increase, and are unfavorable for the overall control of engineering.Therefore, forward steep dip thin layer country rock can be efficiently controlled by being badly in need of one kind
The supporting construction that middle tunnel abutment wall occurs disadvantageous deformation, improves tunnel construction safety, reduces duration of a project and control of investment risk
And form of construction work.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide one kind can efficiently control tunnel side in forward steep dip thin layer country rock
The supporting construction of disadvantageous deformation occurs for wall, the supporting effect to abutment wall can be improved, and then be effectively prevented from country rock between system anchor bolt
There is biggish disadvantageous deformation, while avoiding thus caused gunite concrete cracking or locally falling phenomenon, can greatly drop
Simultaneously construction cost is effectively reduced in the security risk of low construction time.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall branch
Protection structure, including the system anchor bolt of tunnel two sides within the walls is arranged in, one end of the system anchor bolt is deep into inside abutment wall,
The other end is exposed to abutment wall surface；It further include lateral connection muscle, the lateral connection muscle is in netted to be distributed in two sides respectively
On abutment wall surface, and the lateral connection muscle and abutment wall surface are closely fitted；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle will at least be located at
Adjacent two system anchor bolts in same side wall are exposed to one end connection on abutment wall surface.
Further, net distribution or the net distribution that assumes diamond in shape of the lateral connection muscle in rectangle.
Further, the one of the system anchor bolt for also being provided with system anchor bolt in the arch of tunnel, and being located in arch
End is deep into inside arch, and the other end is exposed to arch surface；The lateral connection muscle of wherein side abutment wall is located at least at this
The junction of abutment wall and arch, extends from abutment wall to arch and forms extension；The lateral connection muscle and corresponding abutment wall table
Face and arch surface are closely fitted；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle will at least be located at the phase in same side wall and arch
Adjacent two system anchor bolts are exposed to one end connection on abutment wall surface or arch surface.
Further, also setting up pneumatically placed concrete layer of being always or usually as specified, the element pneumatically placed concrete on abutment wall surface and arch surface
Layer with a thickness of 3~5cm；One end of the system anchor bolt is exposed to the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer, and the lateral connection
The surface of muscle and plain pneumatically placed concrete layer is closely fitted.
Further, the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer is also equipped with reinforcing bar stratum reticulare, the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare is covered in net
On the lateral connection muscle of shape distribution or the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare is located at the lateral connection muscle and plain pneumatically placed concrete layer in net distribution
Between；A layer main body concrete layer is additionally provided on the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer, and on the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare, system anchor bolt
The end and lateral connection muscle for being exposed to plain pneumatically placed concrete layer surface are embedded in main body concrete layer.
Further, the extension is distributed on the arch surface of part, and the corresponding angle of the extension is
θ, and θ >=10 °.
Further, it is δ that the inclined rock bed of thin layer country rock and upright plane, which are formed by acute angle,；And when δ≤
At 5 °, the lateral connection muscle of tunnel two sides abutment wall is extended to arch respectively and is respectively formed extension, and the extension of two sides
Corresponding angle theta >=10 ° of institute of portion；When 5 ° of δ >, the abutment wall of side at inclined rock bed and arch plane tangent will be close to
Lateral connection muscle extend and formed extension, and angle theta corresponding to the extension >=2 δ to arch.
Further, system anchor bolt is attached with lateral connection muscle by welding manner.
In addition, being used above-mentioned the present invention also provides a kind of method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock
The supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock of the present invention carries out as follows:
A, the plain pneumatically placed concrete layer of 3~5cm is sprayed exposed country rock surface after tunnel excavation；
B, the arrangement system anchor pole in the abutment wall of tunnel and arch, array pitch is 1m~1.5m between system anchor bolt；
C, it is laid with steel mesh layer on plain pneumatically placed concrete layer, and reinforcing bar stratum reticulare is connect with system anchor bolt；
D, adjacent system anchor pole lateral connection muscle is connected, and makes lateral connection muscle in net distribution, while making cross
It is close to the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer to dowel；
E, the abutment wall for laying reinforcing bar stratum reticulare is sprayed or lining concrete is to form main body concrete layer.
Further, after stepb, first carrying out step D, then carry out step C.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by setting lateral connection muscle structure in the present invention, while by lateral connection muscle knot
The end of adjacent system anchor bolt is attached by structure, and lateral connection muscle is spliced to form being attached to for netted rear snug fit
On the one hand abutment wall surface can provide the country rock between system anchor bolt certain supporting power by lateral connection muscle, avoid system
Country rock between anchor pole occurs part and collapses；On the other hand, system anchor bolt is linked to be by entirety by lateral connection muscle, be remarkably improved
The integer support intensity of system anchor bolt improves its supporting effect to abutment wall, and then can efficiently control forward steep dip thin layer and enclose
Disadvantageous deformation occurs for tunnel abutment wall in rock.In addition, can also arch position by lateral connection muscle from from abutment wall position to tunnel extend,
It is played a supporting role by part country rock of the lateral connection muscle to arch, to improve the supporting effect to arch.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock of the present invention is regarded along the cross section in tunnel
Figure, and inclined rock bed is parallel with upright plane in the figure；
Fig. 2,3 for regional area A in Fig. 1 enlarged diagram, wherein Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively corresponds a kind of reinforcing bar stratum reticulare
Paving location；
Fig. 4 is partial schematic diagram when being provided with extension, and the angle of inclined rock bed and upright plane is in the figure
δ；
Fig. 5 is the first structural schematic diagram of the direction P view in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is second of structural schematic diagram of the direction P view in Fig. 4；
In the figure, it is marked as abutment wall 1, system anchor bolt 2, lateral connection muscle 3, arch 4, plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5, main body concrete
10, reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11, extension at layer 6, extension 7, inclined rock bed 8, upright plane 9, inclined rock bed and arch plane tangent
The corresponding angle in portion is θ, to be formed by acute angle be δ for inclined rock bed and upright plane.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock of the present invention, packet
The system anchor bolt 2 being arranged in tunnel two sides abutment wall 1 is included, one end of the system anchor bolt 2 is deep into inside abutment wall 1, another
End is exposed to abutment wall surface；In general, system anchor bolt 2 is deep into abutment wall 1 in substantially vertical；In addition, the invention also includes
Lateral connection muscle 3, the lateral connection muscle 3 is respectively on the netted abutment wall surface for being distributed in two sides, and the transverse direction connects
It connects muscle 3 and abutment wall surface is closely fitted；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle 3 is at least by adjacent two in same side wall 1
System anchor bolt 2 is exposed to one end connection on abutment wall surface.
So-called lateral connection muscle 3 is in net distribution, is referred to by the way that more lateral connection muscle 3 are arranged, and carried out mutually
Interconnection after the fenestral fabric that is formed, specific reticular structure can be unrestricted, generally may be configured as shown in Figure 5
The net distribution to assume diamond in shape, or be set as shown in Fig. 6 be in rectangle net distribution.In addition, lateral connection muscle 3 be
Connection between system anchor pole 2, can be used welding manner and is attached；Certainly it other can also be used is fixedly connected with mode and connected
It connects.In the present invention, the reticular structure formed by lateral connection muscle 3, netted sash size is mainly by array pitch between system anchor bolt 2
It determines, for example, when using arrangement as shown in Figure 6, when array pitch is 1m~1.5m between adjacent system anchor pole 2,
The sizing grid that lateral connection muscle 3 is formed should also be as being in the range of 1m × 1m~1.5m × 1.5m.
In addition, in the present invention, it is desirable that every lateral connection muscle 3 is closely fitted with abutment wall surface, and such benefit is can
By the snug fit of lateral connection muscle 3, certain support effect is generated to corresponding wall surface, and then it is unfavorable to control abutment wall generation
Situations such as surface layer rock stratum in deformation or abutment wall collapses, falls off.Lateral connection muscle 3 in the present invention can be used and system
Other rod pieces with certain rigidity can also be used in the identical steel rod elements of anchor pole 2.In the present invention, the effect of lateral connection muscle 3 is
Certain compression support action is played to the country rock between system anchor bolt 2, while the integer support that system anchor bolt 2 also can be improved is strong
Degree.
More specifically, system anchor bolt 2, and the system anchor bolt being located in arch 4 also usually are provided in the arch 4 in tunnel
2 one end is deep into inside arch 4, and the other end is exposed to arch surface；System anchor bolt 2 in arch 4 is set, and is set
Identical component can be used in the system anchor bolt 2 set in abutment wall 1.Furthermore, it is contemplated that in the connection corner of abutment wall 1 Yu arch 4
Often it is easily formed the rock surface of stratiform；And then the case where surface layer rock stratum collapses, falls off may also occur, for this purpose, can be into
One step will at least be located therein the lateral connection muscle 3 of side abutment wall 1 in the junction of the abutment wall 1 and arch 4, from abutment wall 1 to arch
Portion 4 extends and forms extension 7；The lateral connection muscle 3 is closely fitted with corresponding abutment wall surface and arch surface；Its
In, adjacent two system anchor bolts 2 being located in same side wall 1 and arch 4 are at least exposed to side by every lateral connection muscle 3
The connection of the one end on wall surface or arch surface.In this way, by extension 7, the corner location that abutment wall 1 can be connect with arch 4
Certain supporting effect is also functioned to, the supporting intensity at this is improved, avoids country rock at this that larger disadvantageous deformation occurs.Ordinary circumstance
Under, because the extension 7 is distributed on the arch surface of part, therefore, extension 7 will a corresponding corresponding angle theta, such as figure
Shown in 4；In the present invention, settable θ >=10 ° under normal conditions.
In addition, it is above-mentioned be provided with extension 7 in the case where, it is contemplated that present invention itself is directed to forward steep dip thin layer
Surrounding rock structure, therefore the inclined rock bed 8 of its thin layer country rock and upright plane 9 typically small, the usual δ that is formed by acute angle δ
30 ° of <, as shown in the drawing；Simultaneously as corresponding to different δ, 10 position will at inclined rock bed 8 and arch plane tangent
It changes, and the tangent 10 is often structure comparatively weak location, rock stratum herein easily occurs exposed, similar in flakes
In the abutment wall of two sides the case where；Therefore it is required that extension 7 can cover the position as far as possible；For this purpose, the present invention takes following scheme: when
When δ≤5 °, the lateral connection muscle 3 of tunnel two sides abutment wall 1 is extended to arch 4 respectively and is respectively formed extension 7, and two sides
Corresponding angle theta >=10 ° of the institute of extension 7；When 5 ° of δ >, it will be close to 10 at inclined rock bed 8 and arch plane tangent
The lateral connection muscle 3 of the abutment wall 1 of side is to the extension of arch 4 and forms extension 7, and angle theta corresponding to the extension 7 >=
2δ；And at this point, extension 7 only can be arranged in the corresponding position of the side wall.
More generally, can be in the inner wall of tunnel after tunnel excavation, i.e. the surface on the surface and arch 4 of abutment wall 1 is quick
One laminin pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 of injection, and the thickness of the plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 is generally 3~5cm；And then it is
The setting work of system anchor pole etc.；In this case, one end of the system anchor bolt 2 is required to be exposed to element spray coagulation in the present invention
The surface of soil layer 5, also, the surface by the lateral connection muscle 3 and plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 is needed to be closely fitted at this time.Certainly,
Correspondingly, when the surface of arch 4 also sprays plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 and is provided with extension 7, it is corresponding lateral on arch 4
Dowel 3 should also be as being closely fitted with the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5.
More generally, the present invention also further can be laid with reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 on the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5, such as Fig. 2 and
Shown in Fig. 3, the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 is covered on the lateral connection muscle 3 in net distribution or the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 is located at
In between the lateral connection muscle 3 and plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 of net distribution；Wherein, it is in when reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 to be set as being covered on
When on the lateral connection muscle 3 of net distribution, reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 corresponding to the part other than the lateral connection muscle 3 should be attached to as far as possible
On the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5, specifically it can refer to shown in Fig. 2.In addition, being also set up on the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5
There is a layer main body concrete layer 6, and is exposed to the end on plain 5 surface of pneumatically placed concrete layer on the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11, system anchor bolt 2
Portion and lateral connection muscle 3 are embedded in main body concrete layer 6.The effect of reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 is mixed with the subsequent main body performed
Solidifying soil layer 6 forms an entirety, to enhance the structural strength of concrete.Reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 in the present invention leads to compared in technology
Frequently with reinforcing bar stratum reticulare it is consistent, it typically is flexibilities, and sizing grid is traditionally arranged to be the size of 15cm × 15cm, and one
As use thinner reinforcing bar, such as using diameter 6.5mm reinforcing bar form reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11.
In addition, being used above-mentioned the present invention also provides a kind of method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock
Forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall supporting construction, include the following steps:
A, the plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 of 3~5cm is sprayed exposed country rock surface after tunnel excavation；
B, the arrangement system anchor pole 2 in the abutment wall of tunnel 1 and arch 4, array pitch is 1m~1.5m between system anchor bolt 2；
C, it is laid with steel mesh layer 11 on plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5, and reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 is connect with system anchor bolt 2；
D, the lateral connection muscle 3 of adjacent system anchor pole 2 is connected, and makes lateral connection muscle 3 in net distribution, made simultaneously
Lateral connection muscle 3 is close to the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5；
E, to laying, 11 abutment wall of reinforcing bar stratum reticulare sprays or lining concrete is to form main body concrete layer 6.
Certainly, after being arranged according to the method described above, the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 should be located at lateral connection muscle 3 and element spray coagulation
Between soil layer 5；In addition, the sequence of above-mentioned steps C and step D can be done a transformation in the present invention, i.e., it is after stepb, advanced
Row step D, then step C is carried out, at this point, reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 should be covered on the lateral connection muscle 3 in net distribution.
To sum up, supporting construction of the present invention and method for protecting support, with traditional only with system anchor bolt supporting
It compares, can effectively control the disadvantageous deformation of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock, and then reduce abutment wall country rock bending folding
Disconnected, bent and concordant peeling phenomenon of bursting, the present invention can greatly improve tunnel construction safety, and be effectively reduced the duration of a project and
Control of investment risk.
Claims (9)
1. forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall supporting construction, including system in tunnel two sides abutment wall (1) is arranged
Anchor pole (2), one end of the system anchor bolt (2) are deep into abutment wall (1) inside, and the other end is exposed to abutment wall surface；Its feature
Be: further including lateral connection muscle (3), the lateral connection muscle (3) respectively on the netted abutment wall surface for being distributed in two sides,
And the lateral connection muscle (3) and abutment wall surface are closely fitted；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle (3) will at least be located at same
Adjacent two system anchor bolts (2) in side wall (1) are exposed to one end connection on abutment wall surface；In the arch (4) in tunnel
Equipped with system anchor bolt (2), and the one end for the system anchor bolt (2) being located in arch (4) is deep into arch (4) inside, another
End is exposed to arch surface；The lateral connection muscle (3) of wherein side abutment wall (1) is located at least in the abutment wall (1) and arch (4)
Junction extends from abutment wall (1) to arch (4) and forms extension (7)；The lateral connection muscle (3) and corresponding abutment wall table
Face and arch surface are closely fitted；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle (3) will at least be located at same side wall (1) and arch
(4) adjacent two system anchor bolts (2) in are exposed to one end connection on abutment wall surface or arch surface.
2. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Net distribution or the net distribution that assumes diamond in shape of the lateral connection muscle (3) in rectangle.
3. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: on side
Wall surface and arch surface are also set up be always or usually as specified pneumatically placed concrete layer (5), it is described element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) with a thickness of 3~5cm；
One end of the system anchor bolt (2) is exposed to the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer (5), and the lateral connection muscle (3) and element spray
The surface of concrete layer (5) is closely fitted.
4. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as described in claim 3, it is characterised in that: element spray
The surface of concrete layer (5) is also equipped with reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11), and the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11) is covered on the transverse direction in net distribution
On dowel (3) or the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11) is located at lateral connection muscle (3) and plain pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) in net distribution
Between；It is additionally provided with a layer main body concrete layer (6) on the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer (5), and the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11),
The end and lateral connection muscle (3) that plain pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) surface is exposed on system anchor bolt (2) are embedded in main body coagulation
In soil layer (6).
5. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to prolong
Extending portion (7) is distributed on the arch surface of part, and the corresponding angle of extension (7) is θ, and θ >=10 °.
6. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: thin layer encloses
It is δ that the inclined rock bed (8) of rock and upright plane (9), which are formed by acute angle,；And when δ≤5 °, by tunnel two sides abutment wall
(1) lateral connection muscle (3) extends and is respectively formed extension (7) to arch (4) respectively, and extension (7) institute of two sides
Corresponding angle theta >=10 °；When 5 ° of δ >, (10) side at inclined rock bed (8) and arch plane tangent will be close to
The lateral connection muscle (3) of abutment wall (1) extends and is formed extension (7) to arch (4), and folder corresponding to the extension (7)
The δ of angle θ >=2.
7. such as the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock described in any one of claims 1 to 6, feature
Be: system anchor bolt (2) is attached with lateral connection muscle (3) by welding manner.
8. forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall method for protecting support, it is characterised in that: using in the claims 1 to 7
The supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall, includes the following steps: in described in any item forward steep dip thin layer country rocks
A, the plain pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) of 3~5cm is sprayed exposed country rock surface after tunnel excavation；
B, between the abutment wall of tunnel (1) and arch (4) interior arrangement system anchor pole (2), system anchor bolt (2) array pitch be 1m~
1.5m；
C, steel mesh layer (11) are laid on plain pneumatically placed concrete layer (5), and even by reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11) and system anchor bolt (2)
It connects；
D, adjacent system anchor pole (2) are connected with lateral connection muscle (3), and makes lateral connection muscle (3) in net distribution, simultaneously
Lateral connection muscle (3) are made to be close to the surface of plain pneumatically placed concrete layer (5)；
E, the abutment wall for laying reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11) is sprayed or lining concrete is to form main body concrete layer (6).
9. the method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: in step
After B, step D is first carried out, then carry out step C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610608480.9A CN106089261B (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | Forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall supporting construction and method for protecting support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN112392525A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-02-23 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Initial support method and support anchor rod structure for rock burst hole section |
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| CN101256065A (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2008-09-03 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Safety rapid processing technique for strong zhiji rock burst |
| CN204371369U (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-06-03 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of Stability of Tunnels supporting and protection structure |
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| CN201521305U (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-07-07 | 华东宜兴抽水蓄能有限公司 | Reinforcement arch rib structure for timbering weak surrounding rocks |
| CN202360108U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-08-01 | 中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院 | Compound supporting structure |
| CN203514310U (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-04-02 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Surrounding rock of underground plant |
| CN205823304U (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The forward supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in steep dip thin layer country rock |
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| CN101256065A (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2008-09-03 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Safety rapid processing technique for strong zhiji rock burst |
| CN204371369U (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-06-03 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of Stability of Tunnels supporting and protection structure |
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