CN106089261A - The forward supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall and method for protecting support in steep dip thin layer country rock - Google Patents
The forward supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall and method for protecting support in steep dip thin layer country rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN106089261A CN106089261A CN201610608480.9A CN201610608480A CN106089261A CN 106089261 A CN106089261 A CN 106089261A CN 201610608480 A CN201610608480 A CN 201610608480A CN 106089261 A CN106089261 A CN 106089261A
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- abutment wall
- lateral connection
- tunnel
- connection muscle
- arch
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001640558 Cotoneaster horizontalis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 60
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses supporting construction and the method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in a kind of forward steep dip thin layer country rock, belong to tunnel construction field, it is provided that a kind of can efficiently control the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall generation disadvantageous deformation in forward steep dip thin layer country rock.In the present invention by traditional system anchor bolt supporting is only set on the basis of, increase and lateral connection muscle structure is set, and what lateral connection muscle was spliced to form netted rear snug fit is attached to abutment wall surface, on the one hand the country rock between system anchor bolt can be provided certain supporting power, it is to avoid the country rock between system anchor bolt occurs local to collapse；On the other hand, by lateral connection muscle, system anchor bolt is linked to be entirety, the integer support intensity of system anchor bolt can be improved；Finally improve the supporting effect to abutment wall, and then effectively control the disadvantageous deformation of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock, avoid the gunite concrete thus caused cracking or local to drop phenomenon simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel construction technical field, particularly relate to tunnel abutment wall in a kind of forward steep dip thin layer country rock
Protection structure and the method for protecting support of this supporting construction.
Background technology
Forward steep dip thin layer country rock refer to the trend of rock stratum with tunnel excavation direction close to parallel, general ＜ 30 °, inclines in rock stratum
The inclination angle on inclined-plane close to 90 °, general ＞ 60 °, and the thickness of monolayer rock stratum is typically smaller than the stratiform country rock of 10cm.This class surrounding rock,
After tunnel excavation, generally on the abutment wall position of tunnel both sides, the aspect large area of same layer rock stratum comes out, exposure
Country rock easy generation bending under Unloading Effect, upper pressure and action of gravity fractures, bent and concordant peeling phenomenon of bursting.And it is existing
The predominantly element spray of the preliminary bracing method to tunnel abutment wall, net spray, shotcrete, steel arch-shelf and steel arch-shelf combine bolt-spary supports, its
In most commonly seen in bolt-spary supports mode.In bolt-spary supports, in tunnel abutment wall, generally lay the system anchor being perpendicular to abutment wall
Bar, this bolt interval is generally 1.0～1.5m, and many in quincunx or rectangular arrangement.But, between adjacent anchor pole
Spacing is relatively big, and usually not takes other effectively connect or be only provided only with bar-mat reinforcement layer between anchor pole, thus cannot
Give the drag that between anchor pole, the country rock of deformation is enough so that bigger disadvantageous deformation, Jin Eryin easily occurs in the country rock between anchor pole
Play gunite concrete and crack or the phenomenon that locally drops occur, substantially increase the security risk of construction time, meanwhile, at the later stage
During reason, because needing concrete and the lax country rock at cracking position to be cleaned out and supporting again, engineering work can be made
Phase and investment increase, and are unfavorable for the overall control of engineering.Therefore, it is badly in need of one and can efficiently control forward steep dip thin layer country rock
Middle tunnel abutment wall generation disadvantageous deformation, raising tunnel construction safety, reduction duration of a project and the supporting construction of control of investment risk
And form of construction work.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide one can efficiently control forward tunnel limit in steep dip thin layer country rock
The supporting construction of wall generation disadvantageous deformation, can improve the supporting effect to abutment wall, and then be effectively prevented from country rock between system anchor bolt
Bigger disadvantageous deformation occurs, avoids the gunite concrete thus caused cracking or the phenomenon that locally drops simultaneously, can greatly drop
The security risk of low construction time also effectively reduces construction cost.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall
Protection structure, including being arranged on tunnel dual-side system anchor bolt within the walls, one end of described system anchor bolt is deep into inside abutment wall, its
The other end is exposed to abutment wall surface；Also including lateral connection muscle, described lateral connection muscle is respectively in the netted both sides that are distributed in
On abutment wall surface, and described lateral connection muscle and abutment wall surface snug fit；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle at least will be located in
Adjacent two root system anchor poles in the abutment wall of the same side are exposed to the one end on abutment wall surface and connect.
Further: net distribution that described lateral connection muscle is rectangular or the net distribution assumed diamond in shape.
Further: in the arch of tunnel, also be provided with system anchor bolt, and be positioned at arch system anchor bolt one
End is deep into inside arch, and its other end is exposed to surface, arch；It is located at least in the lateral connection muscle of a wherein side wall at this
The junction of abutment wall and arch, extends to arch from abutment wall and forms extension；Described lateral connection muscle and corresponding abutment wall table
Face and surface, arch snug fit；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle at least will be located in the phase in the same side abutment wall and arch
Adjacent two root system anchor poles are exposed to the one end on abutment wall surface or surface, arch and connect.
Further: also set up pneumatically placed concrete layer of being always or usually as specified, described element pneumatically placed concrete on abutment wall surface and surface, arch
The thickness of layer is 3～5cm；One end of described system anchor bolt is exposed to the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer, and described lateral connection
Muscle and the surface snug fit of element pneumatically placed concrete layer.
Further: the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer is also equipped with reinforcing bar stratum reticulare, and described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare covers in net
On the lateral connection muscle of shape distribution or described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare is positioned at lateral connection muscle in net distribution and element pneumatically placed concrete layer
Between；It is additionally provided with on a layer main body concrete layer, and described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare, system anchor bolt on the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer
The end and the lateral connection muscle that are exposed to element pneumatically placed concrete layer surface are all embedded in main body concrete layer.
Further: described extension is distributed on the surface, arch of part, and angle corresponding to this extension is
θ, and θ >=10 °.
Further: the acute angle that the inclined rock bed of thin layer country rock and upright plane are formed is δ；And when δ≤
When 5 °, the lateral connection muscle of tunnel both sides abutment wall is extended to arch respectively and forms extension, and the extension of both sides respectively
Angle theta >=10 ° of correspondence are distinguished in portion；As δ ＞ 5 °, will be close to the abutment wall of side at inclined rock bed and arch plane tangent
Lateral connection muscle extend and formed extension, and angle theta >=2 δ corresponding to this extension to arch.
Further: system anchor bolt is attached by welding manner with lateral connection muscle.
It addition, the present invention also provides for the method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in a kind of forward steep dip thin layer country rock, it uses above-mentioned
The supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock of the present invention, is carried out as follows:
After A, tunnel excavation, the country rock surface exposed is sprayed the plain pneumatically placed concrete layer of 3～5cm；
B, in the abutment wall and arch of tunnel arrangement system anchor pole, between system anchor bolt, array pitch is 1m～1.5m；
C, on element pneumatically placed concrete layer, lay bar-mat reinforcement layer, and reinforcing bar stratum reticulare is connected with system anchor bolt；
D, adjacent system anchor pole lateral connection muscle is connected, and to make lateral connection muscle be net distribution, makes horizontal stroke simultaneously
The surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer it is close to dowel；
E, to lay reinforcing bar stratum reticulare abutment wall spray or lining concrete to form main body concrete layer.
Further: after stepb, first carry out step D, then carry out step C.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by arranging lateral connection muscle structure in the present invention, tied by lateral connection muscle simultaneously
The end of adjacent system anchor bolt is attached by structure, and lateral connection muscle is spliced to form being attached to of netted rear snug fit
Abutment wall surface, on the one hand can provide certain supporting power by lateral connection muscle, it is to avoid system to the country rock between system anchor bolt
Country rock between anchor pole occurs local to collapse；On the other hand, by lateral connection muscle, system anchor bolt is linked to be entirety, is remarkably improved
The integer support intensity of system anchor bolt, improves its supporting effect to abutment wall, and then can efficiently control forward steep dip thin layer and enclose
Tunnel abutment wall generation disadvantageous deformation in rock.It addition, also lateral connection muscle can be extended from abutment wall position to the position, arch of tunnel,
By lateral connection muscle, the part country rock of arch is played a supporting role, to improve the supporting effect to arch.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that in forward steep dip thin layer country rock of the present invention, the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall regards along the cross section in tunnel
Figure, and inclined rock bed is parallel with upright plane in the figure；
Fig. 2,3 it is the enlarged diagram of regional area A in Fig. 1, wherein Fig. 2 with Fig. 3 corresponding a kind of reinforcing bar stratum reticulare respectively
Paving location；
Partial schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is to be provided with extension, and inclined rock bed with the angle of upright plane is in the figure
δ；
Fig. 5 is the first structural representation of P direction view in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the second structural representation of P direction view in Fig. 4；
Figure is labeled as: abutment wall 1, system anchor bolt 2, lateral connection muscle 3, arch 4, element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5, main body concrete
At layer 6, extension 7, inclined rock bed 8, upright plane 9, inclined rock bed and arch plane tangent 10, reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11, extend
The acute angle that angle corresponding to portion is θ, inclined rock bed is formed with upright plane is δ.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock of the present invention, bag
Including the system anchor bolt 2 being arranged in tunnel both sides abutment wall 1, it is internal that one end of described system anchor bolt 2 is deep into abutment wall 1, its another
End is exposed to abutment wall surface；General, system anchor bolt 2 is deep in abutment wall 1 in substantially vertical；It addition, present invention additionally comprises
Lateral connection muscle 3, described lateral connection muscle 3 is respectively on the netted abutment wall surface being distributed in both sides, and described laterally connects
Connect muscle 3 and abutment wall surface snug fit；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle 3 at least will be located in adjacent two in the same side abutment wall 1
System anchor bolt 2 is exposed to the one end on abutment wall surface and connects.
So-called lateral connection muscle 3, in net distribution, refers to by arranging many lateral connection muscle 3, and is carried out mutually
Interconnection after formed fenestral fabric, concrete network structure can be unrestricted, typically may be configured as shown in Figure 5
The net distribution assumed diamond in shape, or be set to the rectangular net distribution shown in Fig. 6.It addition, lateral connection muscle 3 be
Connection between system anchor pole 2, can use welding manner to be attached；Certainly may be used without other fixing connected modes to carry out even
Connect.In the present invention, lateral connection muscle 3 network structure formed, its netted sash size is mainly by array pitch between system anchor bolt 2
Determine, such as, when using arrangement as shown in Figure 6, when when between adjacent system anchor pole 2, array pitch is 1m～1.5m,
The sizing grid that lateral connection muscle 3 is formed should also be as being in the range of 1m × 1m～1.5m × 1.5m.
It addition, in the present invention, it is desirable to every lateral connection muscle 3 all with abutment wall surface snug fit, such benefit is can
By the snug fit of lateral connection muscle 3, corresponding wall is produced certain support effect, and then it is unfavorable to control abutment wall generation
Collapse in rock stratum, top layer in deformation or abutment wall, the situation such as come off.Lateral connection muscle 3 in the present invention can use and system
The steel rod elements that anchor pole 2 is identical, it is possible to use other to have the rod member of certain rigidity.In the present invention, the effect of lateral connection muscle 3 is
Country rock between system anchor bolt 2 plays certain compression support action, and the integer support that the most also can improve system anchor bolt 2 is strong
Degree.
More specifically, in the arch 4 in tunnel, generally it also is provided with system anchor bolt 2, and is positioned at the system anchor bolt of arch 4
It is internal that one end of 2 is deep into arch 4, and its other end is exposed to surface, arch；The system anchor bolt 2 being arranged in arch 4, itself and set
The system anchor bolt 2 put in abutment wall 1 can use identical component.Furthermore, it is contemplated that in the connection corner of abutment wall 1 with arch 4
Often it is easily formed the rock surface of stratiform；And then be likely to that the situation collapsing, coming off in rock stratum, top layer occurs, to this end, can enter
One step is by being at least located therein the lateral connection muscle 3 of a side wall 1 junction at this abutment wall 1 with arch 4, from abutment wall 1 to arch
Portion 4 extends and is formed extension 7；Described lateral connection muscle 3 and corresponding abutment wall surface and surface, arch snug fit；Its
In, the adjacent two root system anchor poles 2 that every lateral connection muscle 3 at least will be located in the same side abutment wall 1 and arch 4 are exposed to limit
The one end on wall surface or surface, arch connects.So, by extension 7, corner location abutment wall 1 can being connected with arch 4
Also function to certain supporting effect, improve the supporting intensity at this, it is to avoid at this, country rock occurs bigger disadvantageous deformation.Ordinary circumstance
Under, because described extension 7 is distributed on the surface, arch of part, therefore, its extension 7 is by corresponding for correspondence one angle theta, such as figure
Shown in 4；In the present invention, θ >=10 ° can be set under normal circumstances.
It addition, above-mentioned be provided with extension 7 in the case of, it is contemplated that the present invention itself is directed to forward steep dip thin layer
Surrounding rock structure, the acute angle δ that therefore inclined rock bed 8 of its thin layer country rock and upright plane 9 are formed is typically small, usual δ
＜ 30 °, as shown in the drawing；Simultaneously as corresponding different δ, at inclined rock bed 8 and arch plane tangent, the position of 10 will
Change, and this tangent 10 structure comparatively weak location often, exposing in flakes, being similar to easily occur in rock stratum herein
Situation in both sides abutment wall；Therefore it is required that extension 7 can cover this position as far as possible；To this end, the present invention takes following scheme: when
During δ≤5 °, the lateral connection muscle 3 of tunnel both sides abutment wall 1 extends to arch 4 and is formed respectively extension 7, and both sides respectively
Extension 7 distinguished correspondence angle theta >=10 °；As δ ＞ 5 °, will be close at inclined rock bed 8 and arch plane tangent 10
The lateral connection muscle 3 of the abutment wall 1 of side extends to arch 4 and is formed extension 7, and this angle theta corresponding to extension 7 >=
2δ；And now, only extension 7 can be set in the position that this side wall is corresponding.
More generally, after tunnel excavation, can be at the internal face of tunnel, i.e. the surface of abutment wall 1 and the surface of arch 4 is quick
Injection one laminin pneumatically placed concrete layer 5, and described element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 thickness be generally 3～5cm；Afterwards, then be
System anchor pole etc. work is set；In this case, the present invention requiring, one end of described system anchor bolt 2 is exposed to element spray coagulation
The surface of soil layer 5, and, now need the surface snug fit of described lateral connection muscle 3 with element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5.Certainly,
Accordingly, when the surface of arch 4 is also sprayed element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 and is provided with extension 7, corresponding horizontal on arch 4
Dowel 3 should also be as and the surface snug fit of element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5.
More generally, the present invention also surface at element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 can lay reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 further, such as Fig. 2 and
Shown in Fig. 3, described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 covers on the lateral connection muscle 3 in net distribution or described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 is positioned at
Between lateral connection muscle 3 and element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 in net distribution；Wherein, when reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 is set to cover in
Time on the lateral connection muscle 3 of net distribution, the reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 corresponding to the part beyond lateral connection muscle 3 should be attached to as far as possible
On the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5, specifically can refer to shown in Fig. 2.It addition, also set up on the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5
There is on a layer main body concrete layer 6, and described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11, system anchor bolt 2 end being exposed to element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 surface
Portion and lateral connection muscle 3 are all embedded in main body concrete layer 6.The effect of reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 is to mix with the follow-up main body performed
Solidifying soil layer 6 forms an entirety, with the structural strength of Concrete Structure.Reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 in the present invention is compared with logical in technology
Frequently with reinforcing bar stratum reticulare consistent, it typically is flexibility, and sizing grid be traditionally arranged to be the size of 15cm × 15cm, and one
As use thinner reinforcing bar, as use diameter 6.5mm reinforcing bar composition reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11.
It addition, the present invention also provides for the method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in a kind of forward steep dip thin layer country rock, it uses above-mentioned
Forward the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in steep dip thin layer country rock, comprises the steps:
After A, tunnel excavation, the country rock surface exposed is sprayed the plain pneumatically placed concrete layer 5 of 3～5cm；
B, in the abutment wall 1 and arch 4 of tunnel arrangement system anchor pole 2, between system anchor bolt 2, array pitch is 1m～1.5m；
C, on element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5, lay bar-mat reinforcement layer 11, and reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 is connected with system anchor bolt 2；
D, adjacent system anchor pole 2 lateral connection muscle 3 is connected, and make lateral connection muscle 3 in net distribution, make simultaneously
Lateral connection muscle 3 is close to the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer 5；
E, to lay reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 abutment wall injection or lining concrete to form main body concrete layer 6.
Certainly, after arranging according to the method described above, described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 should be in lateral connection muscle 3 and element spray coagulation
Between soil layer 5；It addition, the order of above-mentioned steps C Yu step D can be done a conversion by the present invention, the most after stepb, advanced
Row step D, then carry out step C, now, reinforcing bar stratum reticulare 11 should be to cover on the lateral connection muscle 3 in net distribution.
To sum up, supporting construction of the present invention and method for protecting support, its with traditional only with system anchor bolt supporting
Compare, it is possible to effectively control the disadvantageous deformation of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock, and then reduce abutment wall country rock bending folding
Disconnected, bent and concordant peeling phenomenon of bursting, the present invention can be greatly enhanced tunnel construction safety, and be effectively reduced the duration of a project and
Control of investment risk.
Claims (10)
- The most forward supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in steep dip thin layer country rock, including the system being arranged in tunnel both sides abutment wall (1) Anchor pole (2), it is internal that one end of described system anchor bolt (2) is deep into abutment wall (1), and its other end is exposed to abutment wall surface；Its feature Be: also include lateral connection muscle (3), described lateral connection muscle (3) respectively on the netted abutment wall surface being distributed in both sides, And described lateral connection muscle (3) and abutment wall surface snug fit；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle (3) at least will be located in same Adjacent two root system anchor poles (2) in side wall (1) are exposed to the one end on abutment wall surface and connect.
- The supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock the most as described in any of claims 1, its feature exists In: net distribution that described lateral connection muscle (3) is rectangular or the net distribution assumed diamond in shape.
- 3. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in tunnel Arch (4) in also be provided with system anchor bolt (2), and the one end being positioned at the system anchor bolt (2) of arch (4) is deep into arch (4) internal, its other end is exposed to surface, arch；It is located at least in the lateral connection muscle (3) of a wherein side wall (1) at this abutment wall (1) with the junction of arch (4), extend and formed extension (7) from abutment wall (1) to arch (4)；Described lateral connection muscle (3) With corresponding abutment wall surface and surface, arch snug fit；Wherein, every lateral connection muscle (3) at least will be located in same side Adjacent two root system anchor poles (2) in wall (1) and arch (4) are exposed to the one end on abutment wall surface or surface, arch and connect.
- The supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock the most as described in any of claims 3, its feature exists In: also set up pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) of being always or usually as specified on abutment wall surface and surface, arch, the thickness of described element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) is 3 ～5cm；One end of described system anchor bolt (2) is exposed to the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5), and described lateral connection muscle (3) Surface snug fit with element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5).
- The supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock the most as described in any of claims 4, its feature exists In: the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) is also equipped with reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11), and described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11) covers in net distribution Lateral connection muscle (3) upper or described reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11) is positioned at the lateral connection muscle (3) in net distribution and element spray coagulation Between soil layer (5)；It is additionally provided with a layer main body concrete layer (6), and described bar-mat reinforcement on the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) The end and the lateral connection muscle (3) that are exposed to element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) surface on layer (11), system anchor bolt (2) are all embedded in In main body concrete layer (6).
- 6. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that prolong described in: Extending portion (7) is distributed on the surface, arch of part, and the angle of this extension (7) correspondence is θ, and θ >=10 °.
- 7. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: thin layer encloses The acute angle that the inclined rock bed (8) of rock and upright plane (9) are formed is δ；And when δ≤5 °, by tunnel both sides abutment wall (1) lateral connection muscle (3) extends to arch (4) respectively and forms extension (7), and extension (7) institute of both sides respectively The most corresponding angle theta >=10 °；As δ ＞ 5 °, will be close to (10) side at inclined rock bed (8) and arch plane tangent The lateral connection muscle (3) of abutment wall (1) extends and is formed extension (7), and the folder corresponding to this extension (7) to arch (4) θ >=2, angle δ.
- 8. the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall, its feature in the forward steep dip thin layer country rock as according to any one of claim 1 to 7 It is: system anchor bolt (2) is attached by welding manner with lateral connection muscle (3).
- The most forward method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in steep dip thin layer country rock, it is characterised in that: use in the claims 1 to 8 In forward steep dip thin layer country rock described in any one, the supporting construction of tunnel abutment wall, comprises the steps:After A, tunnel excavation, the country rock surface exposed is sprayed the plain pneumatically placed concrete layer (5) of 3～5cm；B, in the abutment wall (1) and arch (4) of tunnel arrangement system anchor pole (2), between system anchor bolt (4) array pitch be 1m～ 1.5m；C, at the upper bar-mat reinforcement layer (11) of laying of element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5), and by reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11) with system anchor bolt (2) even Connect；D, by adjacent system anchor pole (2) with lateral connection muscle (3) connect, and make lateral connection muscle (3) in net distribution, simultaneously Lateral connection muscle (3) is made to be close to the surface of element pneumatically placed concrete layer (5)；E, to lay reinforcing bar stratum reticulare (11) abutment wall spray or lining concrete with formed main body concrete layer (6).
- 10. the method for protecting support of tunnel abutment wall in forward steep dip thin layer country rock as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: in step After rapid B, first carry out step D, then carry out step C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610608480.9A CN106089261B (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | Forward in steep dip thin layer country rock tunnel abutment wall supporting construction and method for protecting support |
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| CN106894826A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-06-27 | 中国水利水电建设工程咨询中南有限公司 | The supporting construction and method for protecting support of section of being caved in a kind of hole |
| CN112392525A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-02-23 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Initial support method and support anchor rod structure for rock burst hole section |
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| CN106089261B (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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