CN106083435A - Pest-resistant foliage fertilizer that a kind of Fructus Melo is special and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses special pest-resistant foliage fertilizer of a kind of Fructus Melo and preparation method thereof, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: four water-calcium nitrate, potassium permanganate, humic acid powder, ferrous sulfate, zinc lactate, sodium selenite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, copper sulfate, plant ash, cottonseed cake, edible fungi residues, wood sawdust, fruit and vegerable dead meal, fermentation truffle and appropriate water；More fermentation organic principle has been mixed among foliage fertilizer; reduce the use of inorganic elements; protection environment; the liquid fertilizer of the most organic fermentation can promote plant growth, improves the ability of crop insect pest, and inorganic elements is after complexation; utilization ratio is greatly improved; spray foliage fertilizer of the present invention and can extend the life cycle of Fructus Melo, delay the time that blade turns yellow, improve fruit yield and quality.

Description

Pest-resistant foliage fertilizer that a kind of Fructus Melo is special and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to the special pest-resistant foliage fertilizer of a kind of Fructus Melo and system thereof Preparation Method.

Background technology

Endophyte of plant refers to that those move in the various tissue of health plant at the certain phase of its life cycle or whole stage Inside organ, the most not causing the microorganism of the obvious disease of plant, endophyte is Ecological concepts, with plant cooperated evolution, builds Found harmonious united relation, on the one hand, endophyte can pass through own metabolism product or by means of signal conduction to plant Produce impact.

The main mechanism of action of endophyte anti-insect activity be fungus produce in host plant body saccharide, terpenoid, alkaloid, Flavonoid, phenols, aminoacid, agglutinin, agglutinoid, protease inhibitor, alpha-amylase inhibitor, chitinase, fat Oxidase, tryptophan deshydroxy enzyme, Anionic Peroxidase and mycotoxin.Alkaloid can be thin by changing insect gut epithelium Born of the same parents' permeability of the membrane, cause its digestive system function stop and dead, some endogenetic fungus is then by preventing some insect such as Plant is invaded food and plays a role by aphid, leafhopper and beetle etc., and endophyte of plant can produce a large amount of hydrolase, such as chitin Enzyme and glucanase, can reach protection effect with the cell wall of degrading plant pathogenic fungi or other virulence factors such as toxin etc..

Some rhizosphere colonization endogenetic bacteria can produce to be bitten ferrum element and pathogenic bacteria and competes ferrum element, and plant unaffected. Endophyte also can produce auxin class material, promotes plant growing, thus promotes host plant and seek N, P, K etc. Support the absorption of element.Many studies have shown that, the plant of infection endophyte has higher resisting than the plant being uninfected by endophyte and does The ability that non-irrigated, saline and alkaline etc. is coerced.Endophyte of plant can induce plant to produce inducible system resistance, it is considered that its resistance and plant protection The raising of element level is relevant with aldehydes matter accumulation.

Summary of the invention

The present invention, in order to improve the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control effect of booth vegetable, develops the nutrition spray of a kind of vegetable, simultaneously There is the prevention effect of certain pest and disease damage, reduce the pesticide residues of agricultural product, realize particular by following method:

The pest-resistant foliage fertilizer that a kind of Fructus Melo is special, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: four water-calcium nitrate 5 ~ 9, Potassium permanganate 4 ~ 7, humic acid powder 3 ~ 6, ferrous sulfate 2 ~ 5, zinc lactate 1 ~ 3, sodium selenite 0.5 ~ 0.8, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6 ~ 10, copper sulfate 2 ~ 5, plant ash 3 ~ 6, cottonseed cake 10 ~ 16, edible fungi residues 40 ~ 55, wood sawdust 15 ~ 20, fruit and vegerable dead meal 20 ~ 30, Fermentation truffle 10 ~ 14 and appropriate water；

Described fermentation truffle be the Celastrus angulatus root 4 ~ 6 of mixed weight (part), leaf of Semen Maydis 2 ~ 4, eucalyptus leaves 1 ~ 3, beet tops 2 ~ 5, Sargassum 6 ~ 10, Folium Capsici 2 ~ 5, Cortex ulmi pumilae 10 ~ 15, rye grass 3 ~ 6, cotton leaf 1 ~ 4 and Fagus sinensis Oliv. bark 6 ~ 10, rinse through flowing water After put into the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2 ~ 3% soaks and kill surface miscellaneous bacteria, after kaliumphosphate buffer rinses, be milled to homogenate, will Rice straw first carries out ammoniated treatment, soaks and washs after softening, as skeleton, mixing large malt sacchariferous liquid 10 ~ 15, agar powder 2 ~ 3, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1 ~ 2, Semen Maydis powder 40 ~ 50, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 5 ~ 10,0.3% ammonium sulfate 2 ~ 4 and water 60 ~ 80, heated and boiled is extremely 110 ~ 120 DEG C of lasting 20 ~ 25min, to gelatinizing, are cast in while hot on aforementioned straw, are fitted in straw surface as cultivation after cooling Substrate, is finally uniformly sprayed at stromal surface by aforementioned homogenate, grows to surface and cover with mycelia i.e. under 5 ~ 8 DEG C of gnotobasiss ?.

The preparation method of the pest-resistant foliage fertilizer that a kind of Fructus Melo is special, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) mixing plant ash, cottonseed cake, edible fungi residues, wood sawdust and fruit and vegerable dead meal, high-temp steam sterilizing post-drying, grind Cross 40 ~ 60 mesh sieves, be blended into sterilized water by 1:5 ~ 7 and make fermentation liquid and proceed to fermentation tank；

(2) it is inoculated in the fermentation tank described in (1) after fermentation truffle cutting, is passed through filtrated air and carries out liquid fermentation, every 2 ~ 3 days release fermentation liquids, carry out ultrasonic cell-break process, obtain supernatant, residue is refunded fermentation tank and adds water dilute after being centrifuged Releasing, in keeping tank, fermentation forward is carried out；

(3) mixing four water-calcium nitrate, potassium permanganate and other following residual components being not directed to, add 3 ~ 5 times of its weight portions Water is heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, is subsequently adding humic acid powder, and insulation continues stirring 20 ~ 30min, mixes (2) after completing Described supernatant.

Chose the suitable plant comprising endophyte before this, carried out surface disinfection process, and prevented the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria, then grind Make slurry, discharge endophytic bacterium, spread upon on the siccative of preparation in advance, by adjusting humidity, pH value and temperature conditions Meeting the growth demand of endophyte, to reach the purpose of endophyte expanding propagation, base material is pulverized, for organic after growing mycelium by band The fermentation of thing, the material that metabolism produces, spraying for booth vegetable after dissolving, effect is notable.

At this point, it should be noted that endophyte belongs to the breeding of plant endogenesis length, the living environment in external environment and bar Part controls the bad metabolism very likely making microorganism and carries out to different products, here the substrate used by expanding propagation is added colloidality Material, in simulating plant, the growth characteristics of environment, beneficially microbial profile are uniform as far as possible, and fermentation is carried out to favourable product, The most ingenious straw utilizing ammonification after-tack, sparse structure provides the skeleton of substrate, and top layer is coated with and has spread addition carboxymethyl The substrate of sodium cellulosate, not only considerably increases surface area, is more beneficial for its random distribution in liquid environment, is difficult to pine Dissipating, microorganism is depended on having, it is to avoid one-tenth irregular scattered state, carries out with overall fermentation pattern, in hgher efficiency, microorganism Active and purebred retentivity will be outstanding.

The present invention have chosen several plant tissue containing endophyte of plant, has rye grass, research to find that it contains respectively Endophyte can suppress loxostege sticticalis, its infect fungus composition can reduce Argentina trunk insect pest；There are cotton leaf, cotton leaf In have now found that the endophyte up to more than 13 kind useful to plant；There are Celastrus angulatus root and straw, the endogenetic fungus kind contained There are more than 50 kinds；Other also Sargassum, eucalyptus leaves, beet tops, leaf of Semen Maydis etc..The Nature Journal of 1981 just has been pointed out, interior Raw bacterium can make elm not endangered by beetle, and same endophyte microorganism the most once found in beech plant.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: mixed more fermentation organic principle among the foliage fertilizer of the present invention, reduced inorganic The use of element, protects environment, and the liquid fertilizer of the most organic fermentation can promote plant growth, improves the energy of crop insect pest Power, inorganic elements is after complexation, and utilization ratio is greatly improved, and sprays foliage fertilizer of the present invention and can extend the Life Cycle of Fructus Melo Phase, delay the time that blade turns yellow, improve fruit yield and quality.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

The pest-resistant foliage fertilizer that a kind of Fructus Melo is special, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion (Kg): four water-calcium nitrate 7, potassium permanganate 5, humic acid powder 5, ferrous sulfate 4, zinc lactate 1, sodium selenite 0.6, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 9, copper sulfate 4, grass Wood ash 5, cottonseed cake 11, edible fungi residues 45, wood sawdust 17, fruit and vegerable dead meal 25, fermentation truffle 12 and appropriate water；

Described fermentation truffle is the Celastrus angulatus root 5 of mixed weight (Kg), leaf of Semen Maydis 3, eucalyptus leaves 1, beet tops 3, Sargassum 8, peppery Green pepper leaf 4, Cortex ulmi pumilae 12, rye grass 5, cotton leaf 2 and Fagus sinensis Oliv. bark 9, through flowing water rinse after put into 2 ~ 3% sodium hypochlorite molten Liquid soaks and kills surface miscellaneous bacteria, after kaliumphosphate buffer rinses, be milled to homogenate, rice straw is first carried out ammoniated treatment, Soak and wash after softening, as skeleton, mixing large malt sacchariferous liquid 12, agar powder 2, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1, Semen Maydis powder 45, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 7,0.3% ammonium sulfate 3 and water 75, the lasting 20 ~ 25min of heated and boiled to 110 ~ 120 DEG C is to gelatinizing, before being cast in while hot State on straw, be fitted in straw surface after cooling as culture matrix, finally aforementioned homogenate be uniformly sprayed at stromal surface, Grow to surface under 5 ~ 8 DEG C of gnotobasiss cover with mycelia and get final product.

The preparation method of the pest-resistant foliage fertilizer that a kind of Fructus Melo is special, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) mixing plant ash, cottonseed cake, edible fungi residues, wood sawdust and fruit and vegerable dead meal, high-temp steam sterilizing post-drying, grind Cross 40 ~ 60 mesh sieves, be blended into sterilized water by 1:5 ~ 7 and make fermentation liquid and proceed to fermentation tank；

(2) it is inoculated in the fermentation tank described in (1) after fermentation truffle cutting, is passed through filtrated air and carries out liquid fermentation, every 2 ~ 3 days release fermentation liquids, carry out ultrasonic cell-break process, obtain supernatant, residue is refunded fermentation tank and adds water dilute after being centrifuged Releasing, in keeping tank, fermentation forward is carried out；

(3) mixing four water-calcium nitrate, potassium permanganate and other following residual components being not directed to, add 3 ~ 5 times of its weight portions Water is heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, is subsequently adding humic acid powder, and insulation continues stirring 20 ~ 30min, mixes (2) after completing Described supernatant.

The special pest-resistant foliage fertilizer of a kind of Fructus Melo of the present invention is used to spray liquid fertilizer for Fructus Melo liquid level, dilution 200 ~ 250 times, uniformly it is sprayed on the blade of Fructus Melo, sets up matched group contrast effect simultaneously, it was demonstrated that: nutritional solution of the present invention can improve The sugar content of Fructus Melo, pest and disease damage significantly reduces, and the quality of fruit has promoted.

Claims (2)

1. the pest-resistant foliage fertilizer that a Fructus Melo is special, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: four water-calcium nitrate 5 ~ 9, potassium permanganate 4 ~ 7, humic acid powder 3 ~ 6, ferrous sulfate 2 ~ 5, zinc lactate 1 ~ 3, sodium selenite 0.5 ~ 0.8, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6 ~ 10, copper sulfate 2 ~ 5, plant ash 3 ~ 6, cottonseed cake 10 ~ 16, edible fungi residues 40 ~ 55, wood sawdust 15 ~ 20, fruit and vegerable dead meal 20 ~ 30, fermentation truffle 10 ~ 14 and appropriate water；

Described fermentation truffle be the Celastrus angulatus root 4 ~ 6 of mixed weight (part), leaf of Semen Maydis 2 ~ 4, eucalyptus leaves 1 ~ 3, beet tops 2 ~ 5, Sargassum 6 ~ 10, Folium Capsici 2 ~ 5, Cortex ulmi pumilae 10 ~ 15, rye grass 3 ~ 6, cotton leaf 1 ~ 4 and Fagus sinensis Oliv. bark 6 ~ 10, rinse through flowing water After put into the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2 ~ 3% soaks and kill surface miscellaneous bacteria, after kaliumphosphate buffer rinses, be milled to homogenate, will Rice straw first carries out ammoniated treatment, soaks and washs after softening, as skeleton, mixing large malt sacchariferous liquid 10 ~ 15, agar powder 2 ~ 3, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1 ~ 2, Semen Maydis powder 40 ~ 50, Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 5 ~ 10,0.3% ammonium sulfate 2 ~ 4 and water 60 ~ 80, heated and boiled is extremely 110 ~ 120 DEG C of lasting 20 ~ 25min, to gelatinizing, are cast in while hot on aforementioned straw, are fitted in straw surface as cultivation after cooling Substrate, is finally uniformly sprayed at stromal surface by aforementioned homogenate, grows to surface and cover with mycelia i.e. under 5 ~ 8 DEG C of gnotobasiss ?.

The preparation method of the pest-resistant foliage fertilizer that a kind of Fructus Melo is special, it is characterised in that include following Several steps:

(1) mixing plant ash, cottonseed cake, edible fungi residues, wood sawdust and fruit and vegerable dead meal, high-temp steam sterilizing post-drying, grind Cross 40 ~ 60 mesh sieves, be blended into sterilized water by 1:5 ~ 7 and make fermentation liquid and proceed to fermentation tank；

(2) it is inoculated in the fermentation tank described in (1) after fermentation truffle cutting, is passed through filtrated air and carries out liquid fermentation, every 2 ~ 3 days release fermentation liquids, carry out ultrasonic cell-break process, obtain supernatant, residue is refunded fermentation tank and adds water dilute after being centrifuged Releasing, in keeping tank, fermentation forward is carried out；

(3) mixing four water-calcium nitrate, potassium permanganate and other following residual components being not directed to, add 3 ~ 5 times of its weight portions Water is heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, is subsequently adding humic acid powder, and insulation continues stirring 20 ~ 30min, mixes (2) after completing Described supernatant.