CN106054995B - A kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM and the Constant Current Control System of DCM patterns - Google Patents
A kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM and the Constant Current Control System of DCM patterns Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM and the Constant Current Control System of DCM patterns, including current detection module, export feedback module, current calculation module, error calculating module, PID modules, the control system that PWM module and drive module are constituted, the control system connects one closed loop of composition with controlled Switching Power Supply, current detection module, the basic parameter of constant current algorithm is realized in output feedback module collection, current calculation module calculates the average current of primary side inductance in the switch conduction stage, according to the turn ratio relation of input and output, calculate the average current of secondary output current, and obtain output current by carrying out the averaging of time upper integral to the electric current, the output valve performs backoff algorithm in Digital PID module, offset is submitted to PWM control modules, suitable dutycycle is exported through drive module, so as to control the high precision constant current of digital power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to for field of switch power, more particularly to (electric current is continuous by a kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM
Pattern) with the Constant Current Control System of DCM (discontinuous conduct mode) pattern.
Background technology
Primary side feedback (PSR) eliminates sampling optocoupler, reduces circuit unit number, reduces complexity in circuits, institute
All controlled with present most of anti exciting converters using PSR.In order to improve the power application of primary side feedback inverse-excitation type switch power-supply
Scope, inevitable requirement Switching Power Supply has a higher power output.CCM is mainly used in high power load situation, and DCM master
Low-power load situation is applied to, and control loop is more stable, to realize that the high-precision current under CCM patterns is stable
Property, it is the task of top priority, is also difficult point place.
In order to realize the stability of output current, it is by the way of, perseverance is realized by way of Pout/Vo=Io
Stream output, Pout is the power output of secondary here, and Vo is the output voltage of secondary, and Io is the output current of secondary.Actually adopt
During with this strategy, because the power output Pout of secondary is unknown, the output of secondary is replaced with primary side input power Pin
Power P out, but Pin calculating is often excessively complicated, the power output Vout of secondary is obtained in addition needs extra build to adopt
Sample circuit, conventional constant current algorithm cost in the realization in constant current is excessive, and because constant current effect is related to efficiency, efficiency is inputted
The influence of voltage and load is larger, and the stability of electric current is difficult to high accuracy.
Realize that constant current is also a kind of more general mode by ADC, one of method is exactly the minimax of sample rate current
Value, then obtains average value, or utilize the Current Voltage value at ADC sampling conductings midpoint.But the shortcoming of both approaches is just
It is if desired to improve constant current accuracy, it is necessary to improve sample frequency, be that this cost of implementation is often higher.
The presence of above-mentioned technological difficulties is, it is necessary to set up more efficient computation model, so as to realize that the constant current of higher precision is special
Property.
The content of the invention
To overcome the limitation and deficiency of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM and DCM
The Constant Current Control System of pattern, this method is applicable not only to DCM patterns, more may apply under CCM patterns, is improving constant current
While precision, the power application of circuit can be improved.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM with
The Constant Current Control System of DCM patterns, it is characterised in that：Including current detection module, output feedback module, current calculation module,
The control system that error calculating module, PID modules, PWM module and drive module are constituted, the control system and controlled switch
Power supply connects one closed loop of composition；
Current detection module is used to gather the basic parameter for realizing constant current algorithm, and the input signal of current detection module includes
What crest voltage digital value Vp_dig, PWM module after the given primary side peak point current Ipeak of PWM module is inverted were exported
Switch controlling signal duty and primary side sample rate current resistance voltage Vs, current detection module output signal include four times
Signal ton, t1, t2 and tdelay, and the signal Vcomp1 to PWM module is exported, it is mono- that current detection module includes a DAC
Member, two comparator COMP1 and COMP2 and clock count unit, the input of DAC units is crest voltage digital value
Vp_dig, is output as corresponding analog voltage amount Vp, and comparator COMP1 anode connects the voltage of primary side sample rate current resistance
Vs, negative terminal connection primary side peak point current Ipeak corresponding voltage Vp, comparator COMP2 anode connection primary side sample rate current electricity
The voltage Vs of resistance, negative terminal connection primary side peak point current Ipeak corresponding voltages Vp partial pressures Vp_k, wherein Vp_k=k*Vp, 0
＜ k ＜ 1, k are according to input voltage is minimum and during load maximum, Vcomp1=0 time span is long for Vcomp2=0 time
What 1.5 times of degree were chosen to 2.5 times, comparator COMP1 output signal Vcomp1 and comparator COMP2 output signal
Vcomp2 is the input signal of time calculating unit；
Output feedback module is used to gather the basic parameter for realizing constant current algorithm, calculates the dutycycle of secondary inductance electric current,
Exporting the input signal of feedback module includes the switch controlling signal that assists winding sampled voltage Vsense and PWM module are exported
Duty, the output signal of output feedback module includes time signal tr values and pattern-recognition signal flag, exports feedback module bag
A comparator COMP3 is included, comparator COMP3 anode connection assists winding sampled voltage Vsense's, comparator COMP3 is negative
End ground connection, comparator COMP3 output Vcomp3 is time signal tr values and pattern-recognition signal flag, in the calculating of tr values
DCM patterns are different with CCM patterns, for DCM patterns, and when secondary current is 0, the voltage in assists winding occurs humorous
Shake phenomenon, for more accurate calculating tr values, in the corresponding system times of Vcomp3=1 need that the humorous of a quarter is subtracted out
The cycle of shaking is only accurate tr values, for CCM patterns, during duty=0, and Vcomp3 is always 1, now duty=0 when
Between section be tr values, flag=1 represents CCM mode of operations, and flag=0 represents DCM mode of operations, its judge foundation be exactly
After secondary side electric current returns to 0, whether the voltage in assists winding on divider resistance there is resonance, if there is resonance, at expression
In DCM mode of operations, if there is not resonance, represent to be in CCM mode of operations；
Current calculation module be used for the switch conduction stage calculate primary side inductive current average value Iav, the module it is defeated
Enter the defeated of signal four time signals t1, t2, ton and tdelay and output feedback module including current detection module output
Go out signal tr, flag and the output signal Vp_dig of PWM module, differentiated using flag signals and mould is calculated using DCM or CCM
Type, current calculation module output signal is binary digit amount Iav_dig；
Error calculating module includes given precise figures, the calculating of subtracter, deviation and deviation variation rate computing unit, subtraction
Device anode connection precise figures give the binary digit constant Iref of unit output, and the value is given according to the design objective of system
Fixed, the binary system output current digital quantity Iav_dig of subtracter negative terminal connection current calculation module output, the output of subtracter is led to
Cross the voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (t that deviation computing unit obtains binary current sample periodn), it is passed through into change of error
Rate computing unit and upper sampling period binary voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (tn-1) subtract each other and obtain the inclined of binary digit amount
Poor rate of change Δ ε μ (tn)；
PID modules include differential, ratio, four arithmetic elements of integration and summation, and the input of integration and proportional unit is two
The voltage deviation ε μ (t of systemn), the input of differentiation element is binary deviation variation rate Δ ε μ (tn), by differential, ratio, product
The output of three arithmetic elements is divided to be summed in summation operation unit, summation operation module output compensation result is binary number
Word amount VPI；
The input of PWM module is the compensation result V of PID modulesPIAnd the Vcomp1 of current detection module output；Pass through
PID module for compensating results VPIAnd Vcomp1 calculates the information of switch periods and dutycycle when normally being controlled, and obtains the cycle
After duty cycle information, PWM module output switch cycle T s values and primary side peak point current Ipeak values are to drive module, wherein Ts
Value is the length that PWM module calculates obtained next switch periods according to input signal, and Ipeak then defines that primary side is sampled
Ohmically peak inrush current；PWM module utilizes the V that PID modules are exported simultaneouslyPIValue, output signal Vp_dig, the signal
Vp_dig is used for the information processing of current detection module and current calculation module；
The signal Ts and Ipeak, Ipeak value that the input of drive module exports for PWM module define primary side sampling electricity
Maximum current in resistance, and the electric current is proportional to the ON time of power tube, therefore Ipeak also just defines power tube
ON time, with reference to two above-mentioned input signals, drive module output duty cycle waveform, i.e. duty signals, signal control
The grid of power tube, realizes the control to loop；Duty signals are also that current detection module and output feedback module enter simultaneously
One input signal of row information processing；Repeat said process and carry out turning on and off for loop control switch power pipe,
So that system is more stablized, so as to obtain higher constant current accuracy.
Advantages of the present invention and remarkable result：
1st, simple DAC units and comparator are passed through, it is possible to achieve the calculating of conducting phase inductance average current, Ke Yiying
It is simple on control method of the invention for CCM and DCM, flexibly, it is easy to accomplish, eliminate adopting for output voltage
Sample circuit, reduces power generation project cost.Innovation of the present invention in principle, thinking is the most basic original for bringing this advantage
Cause.
2nd, passage time compensation operation of the invention, it is possible to achieve high precision constant current, in dcm mode, is achieved high
Constant current accuracy, it is even better under DCM mode constant current effects compared to traditional constant current algorithm.
3rd, the present invention can be suitably used for isolated or Unisolated switch circuit construction of electric power, possess versatility, reusability
And portability；
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are the system architecture diagrams of control method of the present invention；
Fig. 1 b are the current monitoring modular structure block diagrams in Fig. 1 a；
Fig. 2 a are the schematic diagrames for exporting operation principle under feedback module DCM patterns；
Fig. 2 b are the schematic diagrames for exporting operation principle under feedback module CCM patterns；
Fig. 3 a are the schematic diagrames of computation model under output electric current measure module DCM patterns；
Fig. 3 b are the schematic diagrames of computation model under output electric current measure module CCM patterns；
Fig. 4 is the closed loop circuit structure chart embodiment that the multi-mode with the present invention controls anti exciting converter.
Embodiment
The present invention improve Switching Power Supply constant current accuracy control system such as Fig. 1 a and Fig. 4, based on including current detection module,
Export the control that feedback module, current calculation module, error calculating module, PID modules, PWM module and drive module are constituted
System, the control system connects one closed loop of composition with controlled Switching Power Supply, and current detection module exports feedback module
The basic parameter of constant current algorithm is realized in collection, and current calculation module calculates the average current of primary side inductance in the switch conduction stage,
According to the turn ratio relation of input and output, the average current of secondary output current is calculated, and by the electric current progress time
Integration averaging obtains output current, and the output valve performs backoff algorithm in Digital PID module, and offset is submitted to PWM controls
Molding block exports suitable dutycycle through drive module again, so as to control the high precision constant current of digital switch power supply.
Current detection module, referring to Fig. 1 b, including a DAC unit, two comparators COMP1, COMP2, and one
Time calculating unit.The input of DAC units is the digital value Vp_dig of the given peak point current of PWM module, is output as peak value electricity
The voltage Vp that stream corresponds on sampling resistor, the voltage Vs of comparator COMP1 positive termination primary side sample rate current resistance, negative terminal connects
Peak point current corresponding voltage Vp, output signal Vcomp1 are input to time calculating unit, comparator COMP2 positive termination sampling
The voltage Vs of current resistor, negative terminal meets the corresponding voltage Vp of peak point current partial pressures Vp_k, wherein Vp_k=k*Vp, wherein
0 ＜ k ＜ 1, k are according to input voltage is minimum and during load maximum, Vcomp1=0 time span is Vcomp2=0 time
Twice or so of length is come what is chosen, and output signal Vcomp2 is input to time calculating unit；The input letter of time calculating unit
Number be respectively PWM module output switch controlling signal duty, the output signal Vcomp1 and Vcomp2 of two comparators, the mould
Root tuber calculates Vcomp1=0 respectively according to internal clock signal, the time span of Vcomp2=0 time period ts 1, Vcomp2=1,
The time span of Vcomp1=0 time period ts 2, and Vcomp1=1, Vcomp2=1 time period t delay length, simultaneously count
The time span ton, ton for calculating duty=1 are the time span of switch conduction.The output result of current detection module is galvanometer
The important parameter that module calculates Iav is calculated, the accuracy of the module output parameter influences whether last computational accuracy.
Such as Fig. 1 a and Fig. 4, output feedback module mainly calculates the dutycycle of secondary inductance electric current, mainly compared including one
Device COMP3 (not shown) and a Time Calculation module.Here output feedback generally refers to the feedback voltage of assists winding,
Rather than the direct feedback of output voltage, the mode of this primary side feedback eliminate sampling optocoupler, reduce circuit unit number,
Reduce complexity in circuits.Comparator COMP3 is just terminating the sampled voltage Vsense on assists winding divider resistance, and negative terminal connects
Ground, output signal Vcomp3 is input to time calculating unit, and the switch controlling signal duty of PWM module output is also simultaneously the time
The input of computing unit, DCM patterns and CCM patterns are slightly different in the calculating of tr values.
The Computing Principle of output feedback module is elaborated below in conjunction with legend.Such as Fig. 2 a, this is the tr meters under DCM patterns
It is exactly there is a resonance before switch conduction next time, in order to accurate to calculate typical feature under fundamental diagram, DCM patterns
Tr values are calculated, three working regions can be divided to Vsense signals using duty, and Vcomp3 signals, when duty=1 is
For the first workspace, represented with enable=0, work as enable=0, during Vcomp3=1, into the second working region, used
Enable=1 is represented, when enable=1.Vcomp3 is changed into 0, as the 3rd working region, with enable=2 come table first
Show.Enable=1 time span is calculated first, tr_temp is calculated as, and then can be counted by adding a zero variations per hour rise
First resonance half period t_half after enable=2 is calculated, now tr=tr_temp-t_half/2, calculated and obtained using this formula
Tr values be more accurate, and t_half computational methods are as follows, in enable=0 or enable=1 stages rise all the time
For 0, in enable=2, rise=0, during Vcomp3=0, rise keeps 0, in enable=2, rise=1, Vcomp3=1
When, rise is changed into 1. other situations rise and remains 1, so, the enablle=2 stages, except the 1st resonance half period rise=
0, other resonant stages, rise is 1, i.e. enab1e=2, and the rise=0 corresponding periods are t_half.Flag initial value is set
For 1, that is, CCM mode is defaulted as, if duty is during 0, Vcomp3=0 occur, then flag is set to 0, be shown to be circuit
Enter DCM mode of operations.Tr calculations under CCM referring to Fig. 2 b, according to internal clock signal calculate enable=1 when
Between length be exactly tr values.
Current calculation module mainly calculates the average value Iav of primary side inductive current.The input signal of the module is electric current inspection
Output signal t1, t2, ton, the tdelay of module are surveyed, output signal tr, flag, and the PWM of feedback module output is exported
Signal Vp_dig, is differentiated using flag signals and uses DCM or CCM computation models, output signal is digital quantity Iav_dig.Electricity
Stream calculation module is to realize a key modules of high precision constant current, and different computation models are employed for DCM and CCM
So as to ensure there is higher constant current accuracy under different patterns.DCM patterns, just can be with using simple geometric relationships referring to Fig. 3 a
Push over out (1) formula
Wherein, Iavp is the average current of primary side conducting phase, and Ipeak is the peak point current of primary side, and ton is switching tube
ON time, tdelay is due to the delay that drive module is caused, it is considered to which tdelay can further improve current precision.
For CCM referring to Fig. 3 b, (2) formula can be just pushed over out also with geometrical relationship
K values are 0.5 inside this experimental system.
Obtaining the average current Iav of primary side conducting phasepAfterwards, the average current Iav in tr stagessWith IavpRelation such as
Formula (3).
Iavp× n=Iavs (3)
Secondary current is averaged in time can obtain output current Iav average value, such as formula (4)
Current calculation module finally exports the average value Iav of primary side inductive current.
Error calculating module includes given precise figures, the calculating of subtracter, deviation and deviation variation rate computing unit, subtraction
Device anode connection precise figures give the binary digit constant Iref of unit output, and the value is given according to the design objective of system
Fixed, the binary system output current digital quantity Iav_dig of subtracter negative terminal connection current calculation module output, the output of subtracter is led to
Cross the voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (t that deviation computing unit obtains binary current sample periodn), it is passed through into change of error
Rate computing unit and upper sampling period binary voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (tn-1) subtract each other and obtain the inclined of binary digit amount
Poor rate of change Δ ε μ (tn)；
PID modules include differential, ratio, four arithmetic elements of integration and summation, and the input of integration and proportional unit is two
The voltage deviation ε μ (t of systemn), the input of differentiation element is binary deviation variation rate Δ ε μ (tn), by differential, ratio, product
The output of three arithmetic elements is divided to be summed in summation operation unit, summation operation module output compensation result is binary number
Word amount VPI；
The input of PWM module is the compensation result V of PID modulesPIAnd the Vcomp1 of current detection module output；Pass through
PID module for compensating results VPIAnd Vcomp1 calculates the information of switch periods and dutycycle when normally being controlled, and obtains the cycle
After duty cycle information, output Ts values and Ipeak values are to drive module, and wherein Ts values determine the length of next switch periods
Degree, and Ipeak then defines the peak inrush current on primary side sampling resistor；PWM module utilizes vpi value, output signal simultaneously
Vp_dig, the numerical value is mainly used in current detection module, and current calculation module information processing.
The output signal Ts inputted as PWM module of drive module, and Ipeak.Ipeak values define primary side sampling electricity
Maximum current in resistance, and the electric current is proportional to the ON time of power tube, therefore Ipeak also just defines power tube
ON time.With reference to two above-mentioned input signals, the output duty cycle waveform of drive module, i.e. dutv signals, the signal connect
The grid of power tube, realizes the control to loop.Duty signals are also that current detection module and output feedback module enter simultaneously
An indispensable important input signal of row information processing.Repeat said process and carry out loop control switch power pipe
Turn on and off, so that system is more stablized, so as to obtain higher constant current accuracy.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations, and invention described herein can have many changes (in other switch electricity
In source constant current algorithm can be used to control), this change can not artificially deviate the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, own
The change that will be apparent to those skilled in the art, is intended to be included within the covering scope of the claims.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM and the Constant Current Control System of DCM patterns, it is characterised in that：Including electric current inspection
Module, output feedback module, current calculation module, error calculating module, PID modules, PWM module and drive module is surveyed to constitute
Control system, the control system and controlled Switching Power Supply connect one closed loop of composition；
Current detection module is used to gather the basic parameter for realizing constant current algorithm, and the input signal of current detection module includes PWM
Crest voltage digital value Vp_dig, the switch control of PWM module output after the given primary side peak point current Ipeak of module is inverted
Signal duty processed and primary side sample rate current resistance voltage Vs, when current detection module output signal includes the conducting of switching tube
Between Vcomp1=0 during Vcomp1=0 and the corresponding time span t1 of Vcomp2=0, switch conduction during ton, switch conduction
And tetra- time signals of delay tdelay that the corresponding time span t2 of Vcomp2=1 and drive module are caused, and export to
The signal Vcomp1 of PWM module, current detection module includes a DAC unit, two comparator COMP1 and COMP2 and one
Individual clock count unit, the input of DAC units is crest voltage digital value Vp_dig, is output as corresponding analog voltage amount Vp,
Comparator COMP1 anode connects the voltage Vs of primary side sample rate current resistance, and negative terminal connection primary side peak point current Ipeak is corresponding
Analog voltage amount Vp, comparator COMP2 anode connect the voltage Vs of primary side sample rate current resistance, negative terminal connection primary side peak value electricity
The Ipeak correspondence analog voltage amounts Vp ＜ k of partial pressures Vp_k, wherein Vp_k=k*Vp, 0 ＜ 1 are flowed, k is according to input voltage
During minimum and maximum load, Vcomp1=0 time span is 1.5 times of Vcomp2=0 time span and chosen to 2.5 times
, comparator COMP1 output signal Vcomp1 and comparator COMP2 output signal Vcomp2 are clock count unit
Input signal；
Output feedback module is used to gather the basic parameter for realizing constant current algorithm, calculates the dutycycle of secondary inductance electric current, output
The input signal of feedback module includes the switch controlling signal duty that assists winding sampled voltage Vsense and PWM module are exported,
Exporting the output signal of feedback module includes time signal tr values and pattern-recognition signal flag, and output feedback module includes one
Comparator COMP3, comparator COMP3 anode connection assists winding sampled voltage Vsense, comparator COMP3 negative terminal connect
Ground, comparator COMP3 output Vcomp3 is time signal tr values and pattern-recognition signal flag, the DCM in the calculating of tr values
Pattern is different with CCM patterns, for DCM patterns, and when secondary current is 0, resonance occurs in the voltage in assists winding
Phenomenon, for more accurate calculating tr values, in the corresponding system times of Vcomp3=1 needs that the resonance of a quarter is subtracted out
Cycle is only accurate tr values, for CCM patterns, during duty=0, and Vcomp3 is always 1, now duty=0 time
Section is tr values, and flag=1 represents CCM mode of operations, and flag=0 represents DCM mode of operations, and its foundation judged is exactly secondary
After side electric current returns to 0, whether the voltage in assists winding on divider resistance there is resonance, if there is resonance, represents to be in
DCM mode of operations, if there is not resonance, represent to be in CCM mode of operations；
Current calculation module is used to calculate the average value Iav of primary side inductive current in the switch conduction stage, the input letter of the module
Number include current detection module export four time signals t1, t2, ton and tdelay and export feedback module output letter
Number tr, flag and PWM module output signal Vp_dig, utilize flag signals to differentiate and use DCM or CCM computation models, electric
Stream calculation module output signal is binary digit amount Iav_dig；
Error calculating module includes given precise figures, the calculating of subtracter, deviation and deviation variation rate computing unit, and subtracter is just
End connection precise figures give the binary digit constant Iref of unit output, and the value gives according to the design objective of system,
The binary digit amount Iav_dig of subtracter negative terminal connection current calculation module output, the output of subtracter is calculated by deviation
Unit obtains the voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (t of binary current sample periodn), it is passed through into deviation variation rate computing unit
And upper sampling period binary voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (tn-1) subtract each other the deviation variation rate Δ for obtaining binary digit amount
εμ(tn)；
PID modules include differential, ratio, four arithmetic elements of integration and summation, and the input of integration and proportional unit is binary system
Voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (tn), the input of differentiation element is binary deviation variation rate Δ ε μ (tn), by differential, ratio,
The output of three arithmetic elements of integration is summed in summation operation unit, and summation operation module output compensation result is binary
Digital quantity VPI；
The input of PWM module is the compensation result V of PID modulesPIAnd the Vcomp1 of current detection module output；Pass through PID moulds
Block compensation result VPIAnd Vcomp1 calculates the information of switch periods and dutycycle when normally being controlled, and obtains cycle and duty
After information, PWM module output switch cycle T s values and primary side peak point current Ipeak values are to drive module, and wherein Ts values are PWM
Module calculates the length of obtained next switch periods according to input signal, and Ipeak is then defined on primary side sampling resistor
Peak inrush current；PWM module utilizes the V that PID modules are exported simultaneouslyPIValue, output signal Vp_dig, signal Vp_dig is used
In the information processing of current detection module and current calculation module；
The signal Ts and Ipeak, Ipeak value that the input of drive module exports for PWM module are defined on primary side sampling resistor
Maximum current, and the electric current is proportional to the ON time of power tube, therefore Ipeak also just defines the conducting of power tube
Time, with reference to two above-mentioned input signals, drive module output duty cycle waveform, i.e. duty signals, signal control power
The grid of pipe, realizes the control to loop；Duty signals are also that current detection module and output feedback module are believed simultaneously
Cease an input signal of processing；Repeat said process and carry out turning on and off for loop control switch power pipe, so that
System is more stablized, so as to obtain higher constant current accuracy.
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