CN106054995A - Constant current control system for continuous current mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduct mode (DCM) of primary-side feedback flyback power supply - Google Patents
Constant current control system for continuous current mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduct mode (DCM) of primary-side feedback flyback power supply Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a constant current control system for a continuous current mode (CCM) and a discontinuous conduct mode (DCM) of a primary-side feedback flyback power supply. The control system comprises a current detection module, an output feedback module, a current computation module, an error computation module, a PID module, a PWM module and a drive module; the control system is connected with a controlled switch power supply to form a closed loop; the current detection module and the output feedback module collect basic parameters for achieving a constant current algorithm; the current computation module computes an average current of a primary-side inductor at a switch-on stage of the switch, computes an average current of secondary output currents according to a turns ratio relation between input and output, and works out an output current by averaging integrals of the current on time, the output value executes a compensation algorithm in the digital PID module, a compensation value is transmitted to a PWM module, an appropriate duty ratio is output by the drive module, and thus high precision constant current of the digital power supply is controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to for field of switch power, (electric current is continuous to particularly relate to a kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM
Pattern) and the Constant Current Control System of DCM (discontinuous conduct mode) pattern.
Background technology
Primary side feedback (PSR) eliminates sampling optocoupler, decreases circuit unit number, reduces complexity in circuits, institute
PSR control is all used with present most of anti exciting converters.Apply to improve the power of primary side feedback inverse-excitation type switch power-supply
Scope, inevitable requirement Switching Power Supply has a higher power output.CCM is mainly used in high power load situation, and DCM master
Low-power load situation to be applied to, and it is more stable to control loop, and the high-precision current under CCM pattern to be realized is stable
Property, it is the task of top priority, is also difficult point place.
In order to realize exporting the stability of electric current, the mode used is, realizes perseverance by the way of Pout/Vo=Io
Stream output, Pout is the output of secondary here, and Vo is the output voltage of secondary, and Io is the output electric current of secondary.Actual adopt
During this strategy, owing to the output Pout of secondary is unknown, replace the output of secondary by former limit input power Pin
Power P out, but the calculating of Pin is the most complicated, and the output Vout of secondary to be obtained needs extra structure to adopt
Sample circuit, conventional constant current algorithm is excessive in cost in the realization of constant current, and owing to constant current effect is relevant to efficiency, efficiency is inputted
Voltage is relatively big with the impact of load, and the stability of electric current is difficult to high accuracy.
By ADC realize constant current be also a kind of the most general by the way of, one of method is exactly the minimax of sample rate current
Value, then obtains meansigma methods, or utilizes the current/voltage value at ADC sampling conducting midpoint.But the shortcoming of both approaches is just
Be if desired to improve constant current accuracy, need to improve sample frequency, for this to realize cost the highest.
The existence of above-mentioned technological difficulties, needs to set up more efficient computation model, thus the constant current realizing higher precision is special
Property.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming limitation and the deficiency of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM and DCM
The Constant Current Control System of pattern, this method is applicable not only to DCM pattern, more may apply under CCM pattern, is improving constant current
While precision, the power range of application of circuit can be improved.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM with
The Constant Current Control System of DCM pattern, it is characterised in that: include current detection module, output feedback module, current calculation module,
Error calculating module, PID module, PWM module and the control system of driving module composition, this control system and controlled switch
Power supply couples together and constitutes a closed loop；
Current detection module realizes the basic parameter of constant current algorithm for gathering, and the input signal of current detection module includes
After the given former limit peak point current Ipeak of PWM module is inverted crest voltage digital value Vp_dig, PWM module output
Switch controlling signal duty and the voltage Vs of former limit sample rate current resistance, current detection module output signal includes four times
Signal ton, t1, t2 and tdelay, and output is to the signal Vcomp1 of PWM module, current detection module includes that a DAC is mono-
Unit, two comparator COMP1 and COMP2 and a clock count unit, the input of DAC unit is crest voltage digital value
Vp_dig, the anode of the analog voltage amount Vp, comparator COMP1 that are output as correspondence connects the voltage of former limit sample rate current resistance
Vs, negative terminal connects the anode of former voltage Vp corresponding for limit peak point current Ipeak, comparator COMP2 and connects former limit sample rate current electricity
The voltage Vs of resistance, negative terminal connects the partial pressures Vp_k, wherein Vp_k=k*Vp, 0 of former limit peak point current Ipeak corresponding voltage Vp
When ＜ k ＜ 1, k are minimum according to input voltage and load is maximum, the time span of Vcomp1=0 is that the time of Vcomp2=0 is long
1.5 times to 2.5 times of degree are chosen, output signal Vcomp1 of comparator COMP1 and the output signal of comparator COMP2
Vcomp2 is the input signal of time calculating unit；
Output feedback module realizes the basic parameter of constant current algorithm for collection, calculates the dutycycle of secondary inductance electric current,
The input signal of output feedback module includes assisting winding sampled voltage Vsense and the switch controlling signal of PWM module output
Duty, the output signal of output feedback module includes time signal tr value and pattern recognition signal flag, exports feedback module bag
Including a comparator COMP3, the anode of comparator COMP3 connects the negative of auxiliary winding sampled voltage Vsense, comparator COMP3
End ground connection, the output Vcomp3 of comparator COMP3 is time signal tr value and pattern recognition signal flag, in the calculating of tr value
DCM pattern is different with CCM pattern, and for DCM pattern, when secondary current is 0 when, the voltage on auxiliary winding there will be humorous
Shake phenomenon, in order to calculate tr value the most accurately, need in the system time that Vcomp3=1 is corresponding to be subtracted out 1/4th humorous
The cycle of shaking is only tr value accurately, and for CCM pattern, during duty=0, Vcomp3 is always 1, now duty=0 time
Between section be tr value, flag=1 represents CCM mode of operation, and flag=0 represents DCM mode of operation, its judge according to be exactly
After secondary limit electric current returns to 0, on auxiliary winding, whether the voltage on divider resistance there is resonance, if there is resonance, at expression
In DCM mode of operation, without resonance occurs, represent and be in CCM mode of operation；
Current calculation module for calculating meansigma methods Iav of former limit inductive current in the switch conduction stage, this module defeated
Enter the defeated of four time signals t1, t2, ton and tdelay and output feedback module that signal includes that current detection module exports
Go out output signal Vp_dig of signal tr, flag and PWM module, utilize flag signal to differentiate and use DCM or CCM to calculate mould
Type, current calculation module output signal is binary digit amount Iav_dig；
Error calculating module includes that precise figures give, subtractor, deviation calculate and deviation variation rate computing unit, subtraction
Device anode connects the binary digit constant Iref that precise figures export to cell, and this value is given according to the design objective of system
Fixed, subtractor negative terminal connects binary system output current several word amount Iav_dig of current calculation module output, and the output of subtractor is led to
Cross deviation computing unit and obtain the voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (t of binary current sample periodn), passed through change of error
Rate computing unit and a upper sampling period binary voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (tn-1) subtract each other and obtain the inclined of binary digit amount
Difference rate of change Δ ε μ (tn)；
PID module includes differential, ratio, integration and four arithmetic elements of summation, and integration is two with the input of proportional unit
The voltage deviation ε μ (t of systemn), the input of differentiation element is binary deviation variation rate Δ ε μ (tn), by differential, ratio, amass
The output dividing three arithmetic elements is sued for peace in summation operation unit, and summation operation module output compensation result is binary number
Word amount VPI；
The compensation result V that input is PID module of PWM modulePIAnd the Vcomp1 of current detection module output；Pass through
PID module for compensating result VPIAnd Vcomp1 is calculated normal switch periods and the information of dutycycle when controlling, obtain the cycle
After duty cycle information, PWM module output switch cycle T s value and former limit peak point current Ipeak value are to driving module, wherein Ts
Value is the PWM module length according to the calculated next switch periods of input signal, and Ipeak then defines to sample in former limit
Ohmically peak inrush current；PWM module utilizes the V that PID module exports simultaneouslyPIValue, output signal Vp_dig, this signal
Vp_dig is used for current detection module and the information processing of current calculation module；
Signal Ts and Ipeak, the Ipeak value that the input of module is PWM module output is driven to define former limit sampling electricity
Maximum current in resistance, and this electric current is proportional to the ON time of power tube, therefore Ipeak the most just defines power tube
ON time, in conjunction with two above-mentioned input signals, drives module output duty cycle waveform, i.e. duty signal, and this signal controls
The grid of power tube, it is achieved the control to loop；Simultaneously duty signal be also current detection module and output feedback module enter
One input signal of row information processing；Repeat said process and be circulated turning on and off of control switch power supply power tube,
So that system is more stable, thus obtain higher constant current accuracy.
Advantages of the present invention and remarkable result:
1, by simple DAC unit and comparator, it is possible to achieve the calculating of conducting phase inductance average current, Ke Yiying
On CCM and DCM, the control method of the present invention simply, flexibly, it is easy to accomplish, eliminate and output voltage is adopted
Sample circuit, reduces power generation project cost.Present invention innovation in principle, thinking is bring this advantage the most basic former
Cause.
2, the present invention passes through time bias computing, it is possible to achieve high precision constant current, in dcm mode, achieves high
Constant current accuracy, compares traditional constant current algorithm, even better under DCM mode constant current effect.
3, the present invention can be suitably used for isolated or Unisolated switch circuit construction of electric power, possesses versatility, reusability
And portability；
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is the system architecture diagram of control method of the present invention；
Fig. 1 b is the current monitoring modular structure block diagram in Fig. 1 a；
Fig. 2 a is the schematic diagram of output feedback module DCM MODE of operation principle；
Fig. 2 b is the schematic diagram of output feedback module CCM MODE of operation principle；
Fig. 3 a is the schematic diagram of computation model under output electric current measure module DCM pattern；
Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram of computation model under output electric current measure module CCM pattern；
Fig. 4 is the closed loop circuit structure chart embodiment of the multi-mode control anti exciting converter with the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention improves control system such as Fig. 1 a and Fig. 4 of Switching Power Supply constant current accuracy, based on include current detection module,
Output feedback module, current calculation module, error calculating module, PID module, PWM module and the control of driving module composition
System, this control system and controlled Switching Power Supply couple together and constitute a closed loop, and current detection module exports feedback module
Gathering the basic parameter realizing constant current algorithm, current calculation module calculates the average current of former limit inductance in the switch conduction stage,
According to the turn ratio relation of input with output, calculate the average current of secondary output current, and by this electric current was carried out on the time
Integration is averaging and obtains exporting electric current, and this output valve performs backoff algorithm in Digital PID module, and offset is submitted to PWM control
Molding block is again through driving module to export suitable dutycycle, thus controls the high precision constant current of digital switch power supply.
Current detection module, sees Fig. 1 b, including a DAC unit, two comparators COMP1, COMP2, and one
Time calculating unit.The input of DAC unit is the digital value Vp_dig of the peak point current that PWM module gives, and is output as peak electricity
Flowing the voltage Vs just terminating former limit sample rate current resistance corresponding to the voltage Vp on sampling resistor, comparator COMP1, negative terminal connects
The voltage Vp that peak point current is corresponding, output signal Vcomp1 is input to time calculating unit, the just termination sampling of comparator COMP2
The voltage Vs of current resistor, negative terminal meets the partial pressures Vp_k of voltage Vp corresponding to peak point current, wherein Vp_k=k*Vp, wherein
When 0 ＜ k ＜ 1, k are minimum according to input voltage and load is maximum, the time span of Vcomp1=0 is the time of Vcomp2=0
Choosing about the twice of length, output signal Vcomp2 is input to time calculating unit；The input letter of time calculating unit
Number be respectively PWM module output switch controlling signal duty, output signal Vcomp1 of two comparators and Vcomp2, this mould
Tuber calculates the time span of Vcomp1=0, Vcomp2=0 time period t 1 respectively according to internal clock signal, Vcomp2=1,
The time span of Vcomp1=0 time period t 2, and Vcomp1=1, the length of Vcomp2=1 time period t delay, count simultaneously
Calculating time span ton of duty=1, ton is the time span of switch conduction.The output result of current detection module is galvanometer
Calculating module and calculate the important parameter of Iav, the accuracy of this module output parameter influences whether last computational accuracy.
Such as Fig. 1 a and Fig. 4, output feedback module mainly calculates the dutycycle of secondary inductance electric current, mainly includes that one is compared
Device COMP3 (not shown) and a Time Calculation module.Here output feedback generally refers to assist the feedback voltage of winding,
Rather than output voltage directly feedback, the mode of this primary side feedback eliminate sampling optocoupler, decrease circuit unit number,
Reduce complexity in circuits.Comparator COMP3 is just terminating the sampled voltage Vsense on auxiliary winding divider resistance, and negative terminal connects
Ground, output signal Vcomp3 is input to time calculating unit, and the switch controlling signal duty of PWM module output is also the time simultaneously
The input of computing unit, in the calculating of tr value, DCM pattern and CCM pattern are slightly different.
The Computing Principle of output feedback module is elaborated below in conjunction with legend.Such as Fig. 2 a, this is the tr meter under DCM pattern
Calculating fundamental diagram, under DCM pattern, typical feature is exactly, and there is a resonance, in order to accurately before switch conduction next time
Calculate tr value, utilize duty, and Vcomp3 signal can divide three working regions to Vsense signal, when duty=1 is
It is the first working area, represents with enable=0, work as enable=0, during Vcomp3=1, enter the second working region, use
Enable=1 represents, when enable=1.Vcomp3 becomes 0 first, is the 3rd working region, carrys out table with enable=2
Show.First calculate the time span of enable=1, be calculated as tr_temp, then can be counted by one zero variations per hour rise of interpolation
Calculate first resonance half period t_half, now tr=tr_temp-t_half/2 after enable=2, utilize this formula to be calculated
Tr value be more accurate, and the computational methods of t_half are as follows, at enable=0 or enable=1 stage rise all the time
Being 0, at enable=2, when rise=0, Vcomp3=0, rise keeps 0, at enable=2, rise=1, Vcomp3=1
Time, rise becomes 1. other situations rise and remains 1, and so, the enablle=2 stage, except the 1st resonance half period rise=
0, other resonant stage, rise is 1, i.e. the time period that enab1e=2, rise=0 are corresponding is t_half.The initial value of flag sets
It is 1, is i.e. defaulted as CCM mode, if during duty is not 0, Vcomp3=0 occurring, then flag being set to 0, being shown to be circuit
Enter DCM mode of operation.Tr calculation under CCM referring to Fig. 2 b, according to internal clock signal calculate enable=1 time
Between length be exactly tr value.
Current calculation module mainly calculates meansigma methods Iav of former limit inductive current.The input signal of this module is electric current inspection
Survey output signal t1 of module, t2, ton, tdelay, output signal tr of output feedback module, flag, and the output of PWM
Signal Vp_dig, utilizes flag signal to differentiate and uses DCM or CCM computation model, and output signal is digital quantity Iav_dig.Electricity
Stream calculation module is the key modules realizing high precision constant current, have employed different computation models for DCM and CCM
Thus ensure to have under different patterns higher constant current accuracy.DCM pattern, referring to Fig. 3 a, utilizes simple geometric relationships the most permissible
Push over out (1) formula
Wherein, Iavp is the average current of former limit conducting phase, and Ipeak is the peak point current on former limit, and ton is switching tube
ON time, tdelay is the time delay owing to driving module to cause, it is considered to tdelay can improve current precision further.
For CCM referring to Fig. 3 b, (2) formula just can be pushed over out also with geometrical relationship
Inside this experimental system, k value is 0.5.
At the average current Iav obtaining former limit conducting phasepAfter, the average current Iav in tr stagesWith IavpRelation such as
Formula (3).
Iavp× n=Iavs (3)
Secondary current is averaged the meansigma methods that can obtain exporting electric current Iav in time, such as formula (4)
Current calculation module finally exports meansigma methods Iav of former limit inductive current.
Error calculating module includes that precise figures give, subtractor, deviation calculate and deviation variation rate computing unit, subtraction
Device anode connects the binary digit constant Iref that precise figures export to cell, and this value is given according to the design objective of system
Fixed, subtractor negative terminal connects binary system output current several word amount Iav_dig of current calculation module output, and the output of subtractor is led to
Cross deviation computing unit and obtain the voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (t of binary current sample periodn), passed through change of error
Rate computing unit and a upper sampling period binary voltage deviation digital quantity ε μ (tn-1) subtract each other and obtain the inclined of binary digit amount
Difference rate of change Δ ε μ (tn)；
PID module includes differential, ratio, integration and four arithmetic elements of summation, and integration is two with the input of proportional unit
The voltage deviation ε μ (t of systemn), the input of differentiation element is binary deviation variation rate Δ ε μ (tn), by differential, ratio, amass
The output dividing three arithmetic elements is sued for peace in summation operation unit, and summation operation module output compensation result is binary number
Word amount VPI；
The compensation result V that input is PID module of PWM modulePIAnd the Vcomp1 of current detection module output；Pass through
PID module for compensating result VPIAnd Vcomp1 is calculated normal switch periods and the information of dutycycle when controlling, obtain the cycle
After duty cycle information, output Ts value and Ipeak value are to driving module, and wherein Ts value determines the length of next switch periods
Degree, Ipeak then defines the peak inrush current on the sampling resistor of former limit；PWM module utilizes vpi value, output signal simultaneously
Vp_dig, this numerical value is mainly used in current detection module, and the information processing of current calculation module.
Drive output signal Ts that input is PWM module of module, and Ipeak.Ipeak value defines former limit sampling electricity
Maximum current in resistance, and this electric current is proportional to the ON time of power tube, therefore Ipeak the most just defines power tube
ON time.In conjunction with two above-mentioned input signals, drive the output duty cycle waveform of module, i.e. dutv signal, this signal connects
The grid of power tube, it is achieved the control to loop.Simultaneously duty signal be also current detection module and output feedback module enter
The important input signal that row information processing is indispensable.Repeat said process and be circulated control switch power supply power tube
Turn on and off, so that system is more stable, thus obtain higher constant current accuracy.
Above content is to combine concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert
Being embodied as of the present invention is confined to these explanations, and invention described herein can have many changes (at other switch electricity
Source can use constant current algorithm controls), this change can not artificially deviate the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, all
The change that will be apparent to those skilled in the art, within being intended to be included in the covering scope of the claims.
Claims (1)
1. a primary side feedback flyback power supply CCM and the Constant Current Control System of DCM pattern, it is characterised in that: include that electric current is examined
Survey module, output feedback module, current calculation module, error calculating module, PID module, PWM module and drive module composition
Control system, this control system and controlled Switching Power Supply couple together one closed loop of composition；
Current detection module realizes the basic parameter of constant current algorithm for gathering, and the input signal of current detection module includes PWM
After the given former limit peak point current Ipeak of module is inverted crest voltage digital value Vp_dig, the switch of PWM module output
Control signal duty and the voltage Vs of former limit sample rate current resistance, current detection module output signal includes four time signals
Ton, t1, t2 and tdelay, and output is to the signal Vcomp1 of PWM module, current detection module includes a DAC unit,
Two comparator COMP1 and COMP2 and a clock count unit, the input of DAC unit is crest voltage digital value Vp_
Dig, the anode of the analog voltage amount Vp, comparator COMP1 that are output as correspondence connects the voltage Vs of former limit sample rate current resistance, negative
End connects the electricity of the anode connection former limit sample rate current resistance of former voltage Vp corresponding for limit peak point current Ipeak, comparator COMP2
Pressure Vs, negative terminal connects partial pressures Vp_k, wherein Vp_k=k*Vp, the 0 ＜ k ＜ of former limit peak point current Ipeak corresponding voltage Vp
When 1, k is minimum according to input voltage and load is maximum, the time span of Vcomp1=0 is the time span of Vcomp2=0
Choose for 1.5 times to 2.5 times, output signal Vcomp1 of comparator COMP1 and output signal Vcomp2 of comparator COMP2
It is the input signal of time calculating unit；
Output feedback module is for the dutycycle gathering the basic parameter realizing constant current algorithm, calculating secondary inductance electric current, output
The input signal of feedback module includes assisting winding sampled voltage Vsense and the switch controlling signal duty of PWM module output,
The output signal of output feedback module includes that time signal tr value and pattern recognition signal flag, output feedback module include one
The anode of comparator COMP3, comparator COMP3 connects auxiliary winding sampled voltage Vsense, and the negative terminal of comparator COMP3 connects
Ground, the output Vcomp3 of comparator COMP3 is time signal tr value and pattern recognition signal flag, DCM in the calculating of tr value
Pattern is different with CCM pattern, and for DCM pattern, when secondary current is 0 when, the voltage on auxiliary winding there will be resonance
Phenomenon, in order to calculate tr value the most accurately, needs to be subtracted out the resonance of 1/4th in the system time that Vcomp3=1 is corresponding
Cycle is only tr value accurately, and for CCM pattern, during duty=0, Vcomp3 is always 1, now the time of duty=0
Section is tr value, and flag=1 represents CCM mode of operation, and flag=0 represents DCM mode of operation, and its foundation judged is exactly secondary
After limit electric current returns to 0, on auxiliary winding, whether the voltage on divider resistance there is resonance, and if there is resonance, expression is in
DCM mode of operation, without resonance occur, represents and is in CCM mode of operation；
Current calculation module for calculating meansigma methods Iav of former limit inductive current in the switch conduction stage, and the input of this module is believed
Number include the output letter of four time signals t1, t2, ton and tdelay and output feedback module that current detection module exports
Number tr, flag and output signal Vp_dig of PWM module, utilize flag signal to differentiate and use DCM or CCM computation model, electricity
Stream calculation module output signal is binary digit amount Iav_dig；
Error calculating module includes that precise figures give, subtractor, deviation calculate and deviation variation rate computing unit, and subtractor is just
End connects the binary digit constant Iref that precise figures export to cell, and this value gives according to the design objective of system,
Subtractor negative terminal connects binary system output current several word amount Iav_dig of current calculation module output, and the output of subtractor is passed through
Deviation computing unit obtains the voltage deviation digital quantity ε of binary current sample periodμ(tn), passed through deviation variation rate
Computing unit and a upper sampling period binary voltage deviation digital quantity εμ(tn-1) subtract each other the deviation obtaining binary digit amount
Rate of change Δ εμ(tn)；
PID module includes differential, ratio, integration and four arithmetic elements of summation, and integration is binary system with the input of proportional unit
Voltage deviation εμ(tn), the input of differentiation element is binary deviation variation rate Δ εμ(tn), by differential, ratio, integration three
The output of individual arithmetic element is sued for peace in summation operation unit, and summation operation module output compensation result is binary digital quantity
VPI；
The compensation result V that input is PID module of PWM modulePIAnd the Vcomp1 of current detection module output；By PID mould
Block compensation result VPIAnd Vcomp1 is calculated normal switch periods and the information of dutycycle when controlling, obtain cycle and duty
After information, PWM module output switch cycle T s value and former limit peak point current Ipeak value are to driving module, and wherein Ts value is PWM
Module is according to the length of the calculated next switch periods of input signal, and Ipeak then defines on the sampling resistor of former limit
Peak inrush current；PWM module utilizes the V that PID module exports simultaneouslyPIValue, output signal Vp_dig, this signal Vp_dig uses
In current detection module and the information processing of current calculation module；
Signal Ts and Ipeak, the Ipeak value that the input of module is PWM module output is driven to define on the sampling resistor of former limit
Maximum current, and this electric current is proportional to the ON time of power tube, and therefore Ipeak the most just defines the conducting of power tube
Time, in conjunction with two above-mentioned input signals, driving module output duty cycle waveform, i.e. duty signal, this signal controls power
The grid of pipe, it is achieved the control to loop；Simultaneously duty signal be also current detection module and output feedback module carry out letter
The input signal that breath processes；Repeat said process and be circulated turning on and off of control switch power supply power tube, so that
System is more stable, thus obtains higher constant current accuracy.
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| CN107154723A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-09-12 | 东南大学 | A kind of flyback power supply CCM and the Constant Current Control System of DCM patterns |
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