CN106048624B - 闭式循环水零排放系统及使用方法 - Google Patents

闭式循环水零排放系统及使用方法 Download PDF

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CN106048624B
CN106048624B CN201610548317.8A CN201610548317A CN106048624B CN 106048624 B CN106048624 B CN 106048624B CN 201610548317 A CN201610548317 A CN 201610548317A CN 106048624 B CN106048624 B CN 106048624B
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supply tank
heat exchange
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CN106048624A (zh
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金保全
韩泰清
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Zhongxi Environmental Protection Shandong Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种闭式循环水零排放系统及使用方法,系统包括闭式冷却塔、换热盘管、第一循环泵、多个水冷换热器和第一补水箱,多个所述水冷换热器并联设置,所述换热盘管、所述第一循环泵和所述水冷换热器连接在一起形成闭式循环流路,所述第一补水箱通过第一补液泵连接所述闭式循环流路,所述换热盘管设置在所述闭式冷却塔中;所述第一补水箱中盛放有第一超分子药剂。实现提高闭式循环水零排放系统的冷却水换热效率,并减少污水排放量。

Description

闭式循环水零排放系统及使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及化工技术领域,尤其涉及一种闭式循环水零排放系统及使用方法。
背景技术
我国的人均水资源量仅为世界平均水平的1/4,是全球人均水资源最贫乏的国家之一,且分布严重不均衡。随着经济社会发展,我们对水资源的需求越来越多,而可供利用的淡水资源量却由于水污染、过量开采等逐年缩减,因此,水价格不断升高,国家对污水排放的监管也越来越严格,并且提倡工业用水重复利用。工业用水重复利用不仅充分利用了水资源、减少污水直接排放对环境造成的污染,而且对于淡水资源缺乏、供水严重不足的城市来说,是缓解水资源不足、防治水污染、保护环境的重要途径。目前,工业废水处理后可以作为冷却水,最具普遍性和代表性的用途是工业冷却用水,在工业用水中,循环冷却水的比例占到了70 % ~ 80 %,用水作为循环冷却水的补水确实能够节约水资源、减少污水排放。但随着冷却水浓缩倍数提高、水质变差,常会在换热设备及管道中结垢,影响换热效率,同时,如果换热设备内的结垢严重,还是需要进行置换排污,出现污水排放的现象发生。如何设计一种减少污水排放量并提高冷却水换热效率的方案是本发明所要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种闭式循环水零排放系统及使用方法,实现提高闭式循环水零排放系统的冷却水换热效率,达到零腐蚀、零结垢、零排污的效果。
本发明提供的技术方案是,一种闭式循环水零排放系统,包括闭式冷却塔、换热盘管、第一循环泵、多个水冷换热器和第一补水箱,多个所述水冷换热器并联设置,所述换热盘管、所述第一循环泵和所述水冷换热器连接在一起形成闭式循环流路,所述第一补水箱通过第一补液泵连接所述闭式循环流路,所述换热盘管设置在所述闭式冷却塔中;所述第一补水箱中盛放有第一超分子药剂,所述第一超分子药剂包括以下重量百分比的组分:苯丙三氮唑4%-5%、磷酸三钠2%-3%、乙二胺三乙酸1.5%-2.5%、聚丙烯酸3%-5%、硅酸钠2%-2.5%、聚环氧琥珀酸15%-20%、羟基乙叉二膦酸10%-14%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.1%-0.2%、邻硝基酚苄胺1%-3%,余量为水。
进一步的,所述第一超分子药剂还包括:乙二胺四乙酸二钠1%-1.5%、聚乙二醇1%-1.5%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5%-1%、顺丁烯二酸二仲辛酯磺酸钠0.5%-1%、对氨基苯甲酸0.3%-0.8%。
进一步的,所述闭式冷却塔的上部设置有喷淋管,所述闭式冷却塔的下部设置有蓄水池,所述第二循环泵连接在所述喷淋管和所述蓄水池之间,所述第二循环泵与所述蓄水池连接的管路上还通过管道依次连接有第二补液泵和第二补水箱,所述第二补水箱盛放有第二超分子药剂,所述第二超分子药剂包括以下重量百分比的组分:羟基乙叉二膦酸20%-25%、硅酸钠3%-5%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5%-1%、二乙烯三胺五甲叉磷酸8%-12%、阳离子表面活性剂1%-2%,余量为水。
进一步的,所述第二循环泵与所述蓄水池之间设置有第一阀门,所述第一阀门上并联设置有第一腐蚀结垢检测装置;所述第一循环泵的出口与所述换热盘管的进口之间还设置有第二阀门,所述第二阀门上并联设置有第二腐蚀结垢检测装置。
本发明还提供一种闭式循环水零排放系统的冷却方法,采用上述闭式循环水零排放系统,冷却方法包括第一补水箱通过第一补液泵将混合有超分子药剂的冷却液输送到闭式循环流路进行循环冷却,超分子药剂将在换热盘管内壁和水冷换热器的内表面形成超分子膜。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点和积极效果是:本发明提供的闭式循环水零排放系统及使用方法,通过第一超分子药剂中的苯丙三氮唑进行缓蚀作用确保清洗剂的防腐蚀性能,并配合磷酸三钠、乙二胺三乙酸、聚丙烯酸和硅酸钠相互配合对闭式循环流路中的污垢进行吸附、粘结和分解,从而无需排放废水,还能够阻止水中的溶解氧与金属表面接触腐蚀金属,实现闭式循环冷却设备零腐蚀、零结垢和零排污,同时,聚环氧琥珀酸、羟基乙叉二膦酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和邻硝基酚苄胺等组分协同起到超分子自组装作用,在将金属表面的各种锈垢、油垢、泥垢等污垢清除后,在金属表面形成一层超分子膜达到延缓结垢的效果;同时,换热器件在冷却过程中可以有效的减少结垢的产生,能够有效的提高闭式循环水零排放系统的冷却水换热效率,达到零腐蚀、零结垢、零排污的效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明闭式循环水零排放系统的使用状态参考图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示,本实施例闭式循环水零排放系统,包括闭式冷却塔21、第二补水箱1、第二循环泵22、补水泵23、第二补液泵24、换热盘管31、第一循环泵32、多个水冷换热器33和第一补水箱34;所述闭式冷却塔21的上部设置有喷淋管211,所述闭式冷却塔21的下部设置有蓄水池212,所述第二循环泵22连接在所述喷淋管211和所述蓄水池212之间,所述补水泵23连接在所述放水池13和所述蓄水池212之间,所述第二补液泵24连接在所述第二补水箱1和第二循环泵22与所述蓄水池212连接的管路之间;多个所述水冷换热器33并联设置,所述换热盘管31、所述第一循环泵32和所述水冷换热器33连接在一起形成闭式循环流路,所述第一补水箱34通过第一补水泵341连接在所述闭式循环流路;所述第一补水箱34中盛放有第一超分子药剂,所述第二补水箱1中盛放有第二超分子药剂;所述第一超分子药剂包括以下重量百分比的组分:苯丙三氮唑4%-5%、聚环氧琥珀酸15%-20%、羟基乙叉二膦酸10%-14%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.1%-0.2%、聚丙烯酸3%-5%、邻硝基酚苄胺1%-3%、磷酸三钠2%-3%、乙二胺三乙酸1.5%-2.5%、硅酸钠2%-2.5%,余量为水;所述第二超分子药剂包括以下重量百分比的组分:羟基乙叉二膦酸20%-25%、硅酸钠3%-5%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5%-1%、二乙烯三胺五甲叉磷酸8%-12%、阳离子表面活性剂1%-2%,余量为水。
具体而言,本实施例闭式循环水零排放系统为了实现减少冷却水的污水排放量并提高设备的使用寿命和使用可靠性,闭式冷却塔21和闭式循环流路分别增加有超分子药剂,其中,针对闭式冷却塔21采用第二补液泵24将第二补水箱1中盛放的第二超分子药剂输入到第二循环泵22处,由第二循环泵22将第二超分子药剂和蓄水池212中的水一同输送到喷淋管211中,喷淋管211喷淋液体到换热盘管31上进行换热水冷,而在第二超分子药剂的作用下,能够在喷淋管211和换热盘管31表面形成超分子膜,减少结垢的产生,同时,由于第二超分子药剂中的大分子物质能与水分子及循环水中的无机盐分子进行桥连,通过氢键等弱分子间作用力形成空间网状分子集团,使循环水处于类层流状态,换热效率进一步提高。同样的,闭式循环流路,第一补水箱34中的第二超分子药剂连通水通过第一补液泵341一同输入到闭式循环流路中进行水循环冷却,在封闭的循环流路中,第一超分子药剂能够减弱中水对金属管壁的腐蚀,同时,第一超分子药剂也能够在金属表面形成超分子膜达到延缓结垢的效果,而冷却水长时间在闭式循环流路循环冷却过程中,第一超分子药剂将对水中的污垢进行吸附、粘结和分解,从而实现零污水排放。另外,本实施例中的第一超分子药剂和第二超分子药剂在制备过程中,将相关组分按照重量比投入水中搅拌均匀后,最后加入氢氧化钠调节pH至6.5-7.5的中性状态。优选的,所述第一超分子药剂还包括:乙二胺四乙酸二钠1%-1.5%、聚乙二醇1%-1.5%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5%-1%、顺丁烯二酸二仲辛酯磺酸钠0.5%-1%、对氨基苯甲酸0.3%-0.8%。在实际使用过程中,通常超分子药剂的重量比占总冷却液的1%~3%的量。
进一步的,所述第二循环泵22上还并联设置有旁路过滤器25。具体的,通过增加旁路过滤器25,可以利用旁路过滤器25在循环冷却过程中,对流动的冷却水进行进一步的过滤,可大大降低排污量,甚至不排污,提高节水率;
更进一步的,所述第二循环泵22与所述蓄水池212之间设置有第一阀门26,所述第一阀门26上并联设置有第一腐蚀结垢检测装置23;所述第一循环泵32的出口与所述换热盘管31的进口之间还设置有第二阀门35,所述第二阀门35上并联设置有第二腐蚀结垢检测装置30。具体的,利用第一腐蚀结垢检测装置23和第二腐蚀结垢检测装置30,可以判断冷却水中的结垢情况,操作人员依次可以参考超分子药剂是否需要增加。
本发明还提供一种闭式循环水零排放系统的使用方法,采用上述闭式循环水零排放系统,冷却方法包括半封闭式冷却模式和全封闭式冷却模式;
所述半封闭式却模式包括:第二循环泵将蓄水池的中水输送到喷淋管处进行喷淋冷却,与此同时,第二补液泵将第二补水箱1中的第二超分子药剂注入到第二循环泵处,由第二循环泵连通第二超分子药剂一同输送到喷淋管中;
所述全封闭式冷却模式包括:第一补水箱通过第一补液泵将混合有超分子药剂的冷却液输送到闭式循环流路进行循环冷却,超分子药剂将在换热盘管内壁和水冷换热器的内表面形成超分子膜。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点和积极效果是:本发明提供的闭式循环水零排放系统及使用方法,通过第一超分子药剂中的苯丙三氮唑进行缓蚀作用确保清洗剂的防腐蚀性能,并配合磷酸三钠、乙二胺三乙酸、聚丙烯酸和硅酸钠相互配合对闭式循环流路中的污垢进行吸附、粘结和分解,从而无需排放废水,还能够阻止水中的溶解氧与金属表面接触腐蚀金属,实现闭式循环冷却设备零腐蚀、零结垢和零排污,同时,聚环氧琥珀酸、羟基乙叉二膦酸、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和邻硝基酚苄胺等组分协同起到超分子自组装作用,在将金属表面的各种锈垢、油垢、泥垢等污垢清除后,在金属表面形成一层超分子膜达到延缓结垢的效果;同时,换热器件在冷却过程中可以有效的减少结垢的产生,能够有效的提高闭式循环水零排放系统的冷却水换热效率。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种闭式循环水零排放系统,其特征在于,包括闭式冷却塔、换热盘管、第一循环泵、多个水冷换热器和第一补水箱,多个所述水冷换热器并联设置,所述换热盘管、所述第一循环泵和所述水冷换热器连接在一起形成闭式循环流路,所述第一补水箱通过第一补液泵连接所述闭式循环流路,所述换热盘管设置在所述闭式冷却塔中;所述第一补水箱中盛放有第一超分子药剂,所述第一超分子药剂包括以下重量百分比的组分:苯丙三氮唑4%-5%、磷酸三钠2%-3%、乙二胺三乙酸1.5%-2.5%、聚丙烯酸3%-5%、硅酸钠2%-2.5%、聚环氧琥珀酸15%-20%、羟基乙叉二膦酸10%-14%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.1%-0.2%、邻硝基酚苄胺1%-3%,余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的闭式循环水零排放系统,其特征在于,所述第一超分子药剂还包括:乙二胺四乙酸二钠1%-1.5%、聚乙二醇1%-1.5%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.5%-1%、顺丁烯二酸二仲辛酯磺酸钠0.5%-1%、对氨基苯甲酸0.3%-0.8%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的闭式循环水零排放系统,其特征在于,所述闭式冷却塔的上部设置有喷淋管,所述闭式冷却塔的下部设置有蓄水池,第二循环泵连接在所述喷淋管和所述蓄水池之间,所述第二循环泵与所述蓄水池连接的管路上还通过管道依次连接有第二补液泵和第二补水箱,所述第二补水箱盛放有第二超分子药剂,所述第二超分子药剂包括以下重量百分比的组分:羟基乙叉二膦酸20%-25%、硅酸钠3%-5%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5%-1%、二乙烯三胺五甲叉磷酸8%-12%、阳离子表面活性剂1%-2%,余量为水。
4.根据权利要求3所述的闭式循环水零排放系统,其特征在于,所述第二循环泵与所述蓄水池之间设置有第一阀门,所述第一阀门上并联设置有第一腐蚀结垢检测装置;所述第一循环泵的出口与所述换热盘管的进口之间还设置有第二阀门,所述第二阀门上并联设置有第二腐蚀结垢检测装置。
5.一种闭式循环水零排放系统的冷却方法,其特征在于,采用如权利要求1-4任一所述的闭式循环水零排放系统,冷却方法包括第一补水箱通过第一补液泵将混合有超分子药剂的冷却液输送到闭式循环流路进行循环冷却,超分子药剂将在换热盘管内壁和水冷换热器的内表面形成超分子膜。
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