CN106024248A - 一种钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106024248A
CN106024248A CN201610622831.1A CN201610622831A CN106024248A CN 106024248 A CN106024248 A CN 106024248A CN 201610622831 A CN201610622831 A CN 201610622831A CN 106024248 A CN106024248 A CN 106024248A
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莫肯堂
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Guangxi Nanning Shengqian Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法，所述的钕铁硼磁性材料由以下重量百分比的组分组成：钕30%、硼1%、镝2%、镨1%、锆2%、铌0.5%、铜3%、余量为铁。钕铁硼磁性材料的制备方法包括：配料；熔炼；氢碎；制粉；成型；烧结。本发明重新优化了钕铁硼磁性材料中各元素的配比含量，而且新添加了锆、铌元素；据研究表明，锆和铌的复合加入可以细化晶粒，提高磁体的矫顽力，可以增强硬磁相和软磁相之间的耦合作用，增强磁性材料的综合磁性能。

Description

一种钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
永磁材料的研究和应用历史源远流长，中国古代就曾用永磁体制造了“司南”用以辨别方向。进入近代产业革命后，永磁材料历经磁钢、永磁铁氧体、AlNiCo合金、SmCo系列合金、NdFeB永磁体等发展阶段。目前，以NdFeB为代表的稀土永磁材料是磁性能最高、应用最广的永磁材料。NdFeB系永磁体从发现至今，已有20余年的历史，目前已进入了大规模工业生产的阶段，然而对于钕铁硼合金的研究工作一直没有停止。许多学者和研究团队都花费很多精力来探索和研究钕铁硼合金磁性能的改善，包括提高其热稳定性、耐腐蚀性、可加工性和时效性。事实上，烧结NdFeB 系永磁体的磁性能还有待提高。在烧结钕铁硼的生产研究中，添加合金元素来改善磁体的磁性能是有效的途径之一。如中国专利申请号为201510490800.0公开了一种钕铁硼磁性材料及制备方法，所述钕铁硼磁性材料的组成重量百分比为轻稀土元素为29～30%，重稀土元素为4～5%，Al为1～2%，Cu为1～2%，Co为2～3%，B为0.3～0.5%，余量为Fe，其中轻稀土元素为La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd中的两种或两种以上，重稀土元素为Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Y中的两种或两种以上。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新配方新配比含量的钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法。本发明通过调整钕铁硼磁性材料中各元素的配比以及添加新的元素，改善金相结构，从而获得各项性能更为稳定优良的磁性材料。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：
一种钕铁硼磁性材料，其由以下重量百分比的组分组成：钕30%、硼1%、镝2%、镨1%、锆2%、铌0.5%、铜3%、余量为铁。
一种制备上述的钕铁硼磁性材料的方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一配料，按照钕铁硼磁性材料中各组分的含量配比称量原材料；
步骤二熔炼，先将钕、镨于1100℃熔化，然后加入镝、铜于1500℃熔化，再加入硼、锆、铌、铁于2000℃熔化，接着将已经全部熔化的上述组分充分混合后浇铸冷却成钕铁硼块；
步骤三氢碎，将钕铁硼块放入氢碎装置，制得粒度为0.5mm以下的颗粒；
步骤四制粉，将氢碎好的颗粒进行气流磨制粉，粉末粒度达到1μm以下；
步骤五成型，将上述粉末在混料机中混合2小时以上，在恒定磁场环境中用模具压制成毛坯；
步骤六烧结，将毛坯在500℃真空条件下预烧2小时，再放入真空炉内于1200℃烧结4小时，然后回火至800℃保温2小时后，再于400℃保温2小时，即可得到钕铁硼磁性材料成品。
本发明的优点：
在本发明中，发明人重新优化了钕铁硼磁性材料中各元素的配比含量，而且新添加了锆、铌元素；据研究表明，锆和铌的复合加入可以细化晶粒，提高磁体的矫顽力，可以增强硬磁相和软磁相之间的耦合作用，增强磁性材料的综合磁性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例：
一种钕铁硼磁性材料，其由以下重量百分比的组分组成：钕30%、硼1%、镝2%、镨1%、锆2%、铌0.5%、铜3%、余量为铁。
上述的钕铁硼磁性材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一配料，按照钕铁硼磁性材料中各组分的含量配比称量原材料；
步骤二熔炼，先将钕、镨于1100℃熔化，然后加入镝、铜于1500℃熔化，再加入硼、锆、铌、铁于2000℃熔化，接着将已经全部熔化的上述组分充分混合后浇铸冷却成钕铁硼块；
步骤三氢碎，将钕铁硼块放入氢碎装置，制得粒度为0.5mm以下的颗粒；
步骤四制粉，将氢碎好的颗粒进行气流磨制粉，粉末粒度达到1μm以下；
步骤五成型，将上述粉末在混料机中混合2小时以上，在恒定磁场环境中用模具压制成毛坯；
步骤六烧结，将毛坯在500℃真空条件下预烧2小时，再放入真空炉内于1200℃烧结4小时，然后回火至800℃保温2小时后，再于400℃保温2小时，即可得到钕铁硼磁性材料成品。

Claims (2)

1. 一种钕铁硼磁性材料，其特征在于，其由以下重量百分比的组分组成：钕30%、硼1%、镝2%、镨1%、锆2%、铌0.5%、铜3%、余量为铁。
2. 一种制备如权利要求1所述的钕铁硼磁性材料的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一配料，按照钕铁硼磁性材料中各组分的含量配比称量原材料；
步骤二熔炼，先将钕、镨于1100℃熔化，然后加入镝、铜于1500℃熔化，再加入硼、锆、铌、铁于2000℃熔化，接着将已经全部熔化的上述组分充分混合后浇铸冷却成钕铁硼块；
步骤三氢碎，将钕铁硼块放入氢碎装置，制得粒度为0.5mm以下的颗粒；
步骤四制粉，将氢碎好的颗粒进行气流磨制粉，粉末粒度达到1μm以下；
步骤五成型，将上述粉末在混料机中混合2小时以上，在恒定磁场环境中用模具压制成毛坯；
步骤六烧结，将毛坯在500℃真空条件下预烧2小时，再放入真空炉内于1200℃烧结4小时，然后回火至800℃保温2小时后，再于400℃保温2小时，即可得到钕铁硼磁性材料成品。
CN201610622831.1A 2016-08-02 2016-08-02 一种钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法 Pending CN106024248A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106816250A (zh) * 2017-03-08 2017-06-09 安徽省东方磁磁铁制造有限公司 一种耐高温抗腐蚀钕铁硼永磁铁及其制备方法
CN114541687A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-27 和也健康科技有限公司 一种健康家居用竹地板结构

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CN105374488A (zh) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-02 南通长江电器实业有限公司 一种耐高温高性能稀土永磁材料

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JPS5783005A (en) * 1980-11-11 1982-05-24 Hitachi Metals Ltd Wound core
CN1819075A (zh) * 2004-12-27 2006-08-16 信越化学工业株式会社 Nd－Fe－B稀土永磁材料
CN102436889A (zh) * 2011-11-16 2012-05-02 宁波同创强磁材料有限公司 钛锆镓复合添加的低失重钕铁硼磁性材料及其制备方法
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106816250A (zh) * 2017-03-08 2017-06-09 安徽省东方磁磁铁制造有限公司 一种耐高温抗腐蚀钕铁硼永磁铁及其制备方法
CN106816250B (zh) * 2017-03-08 2019-06-18 安徽省东方磁磁铁制造有限公司 一种耐高温抗腐蚀永磁铁及其制备方法
CN114541687A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-27 和也健康科技有限公司 一种健康家居用竹地板结构
CN114541687B (zh) * 2020-11-26 2023-10-13 和也健康科技有限公司 一种健康家居用竹地板结构

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