CN106010651B - A kind of processing unit of tanning waste and treatment process containing it - Google Patents
A kind of processing unit of tanning waste and treatment process containing it Download PDFInfo
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- CN106010651B CN106010651B CN201610349476.5A CN201610349476A CN106010651B CN 106010651 B CN106010651 B CN 106010651B CN 201610349476 A CN201610349476 A CN 201610349476A CN 106010651 B CN106010651 B CN 106010651B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1207—Heating the gasifier using pyrolysis gas as fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1215—Heating the gasifier using synthesis gas as fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1615—Stripping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing unit of tanning waste and containing its treatment process.Processing unit includes pyrolysis gasification furnace, pyrolysis oven, gas-purification system and flue gas purification system；Pyrolysis gasification furnace and pyrolysis oven are the double-deck rotary kiln, pyrolysis gasification furnace includes leather particle feed inlet, particle lime-ash discharge port, the thick gas outlet of the first high temperature and the first high-temperature flue gas outlet, and pyrolysis oven includes leather sludge inlet, sludge lime-ash discharge port, the thick gas outlet of the second high temperature and the second high-temperature flue gas outlet；At least one gas nozzle is distributed on the outer cylinder of pyrolysis gasification furnace and also on the outer cylinder of pyrolysis oven, gas nozzle includes the central jets being coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, inner ring spray head, outer ring spray head and cooling-part, cooling-part ring is located at the Basolateral of outer ring spray head, is also respectively equipped with a cyclone in central jets inner and outer rings spray head.Processing unit provided by the invention improves capacity usage ratio, reduces heat loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing unit of tanning waste and containing its treatment process.
Background technique
Leather industry is one of the conventional industries in China, is had a long history.Since leather has unique wholesomeness
Energy and mechanical property, particularly suitable for wearing, using, by the favor of people.It is not only comprising the leather industry including leather industry
Pillar industry in light industry, and be export-oriented industry, export value ranks first of light industry every profession and trade, out for years
Mouth, which is earned foreign exchange, is only second to petrochemical industry.
Tanning waste is the debirs containing heavy metal chromium, includes mainly leather sludge and leather particle etc., is arranged
Enter " National Hazard waste " register.China is leather big producer, and the yield of major product is at the forefront in the world.It generates every year
Tanning waste is more than million tons, it would be highly desirable to be handled.Especially chromium ion have comparable toxicity, hexavalent chromium than trivalent chromium from
The toxicity of son is 100 times high, can lead to a variety of diseases even generation of cancer.Existing leather Treatment of Sludge side, China at present
Method mainly has landfill, compost agricultural and burns.Groundwater environment easy to pollute, discharge a large amount of methane isothermal chamber gases when landfill.Heap
The agricultural then pollution problem there is the heavy metal component in sludge to soil of fertilizer.It can rapid and larger journey by burning disposal
Degree ground makes sludge reach minimizing, and the energy in sludge is utilized；But it is generally required before burning and place is dried to sludge
Reason, not only consumes energy, but also can generate the stench tail gas of a large amount of refractory reasons；In addition, can be discharged when sludge incineration a large amount of
SO2And NOxEqual pollutants, but also the organic pollutants such as dioxin can be generated.More seriously, due to containing in leather-making mud
There is trivalent chromium, burn in oxidizing atmosphere, trivalent chromium just will become the Cr VI of severe toxicity, will lead to even more serious ring
Border pollution.In conclusion there is an urgent need to carry out at extensive effective, harmless to debirs such as tanning wastes in China at present
The technology of reason and resource utilization.
Occur the methods of pyrolysis, gasification processing debirs in recent years.Pyrolysis be under complete anoxia condition substance by
The reaction process that heat is decomposed.Gasification refers to that organic matter in specific equipment, makes organic matter under certain temperature and pressure
Series of chemical occurs with gasifying agent (such as steam, air or oxygen), is to contain CO, H by transforming solid organic matter2、
CH4The process of equal fuel gas.Pyrolysis with gasification is carried out under high temperature and reproducibility (or anaerobic) atmosphere, will not be generated
SO2、NOxIt is more environmental clean with the pollutants such as dioxin.But the existing treatment process for tanning waste exists
The defect that process route is long, treatment effeciency is not high, capacity usage ratio is low, is exemplified below:
Application No. is the Chinese invention patent applications of CN 201510081866.4 to disclose a kind of classification pyrolysis gasification system
And its processing method of application, tanning waste.The classification pyrolysis gasification system specifically includes that the first rotary kiln, second time
Rotary kiln, dual firing chamber and purification system etc..Although the patent provides one kind can be harmless to the progress of the debirs such as tanning waste
Change the method for processing and resource utilization, but its device category is more, process route is longer, and the use of the equipment such as dual firing chamber exposes
The lower disadvantage of its efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize the extensive effective, harmlessization of a variety of tanning wastes processing and
Resource utilization, and provide a kind of processing unit of tanning waste and the treatment process containing it.Processing provided by the invention
Device is realized efficient burning of the combustion gas in the outer cylinder of the double-deck rotary kiln, is mentioned by the design of special gas nozzle structure
High capacity usage ratio, reduces heat loss, optimizes process route, and further reduce costs.Place provided by the invention
Science and engineering skill treating capacity is big, at low cost, high-efficient, safety and environmental protection and flexible operation.
The present inventor has found that insufficient show of burning easily occurs in common rotary kiln by years of researches
As in order to solve this technical difficulty, the equipment that those skilled in the art often further increase burning processing, such as increasing
One dual firing chamber, thus avoid generating poisonous and harmful substance, but this can bring the defect that process route is long, energy consumption is high again.Cause
This, the combustion apparatus for developing a kind of high combustion efficiency is most important for the processing problem of tanning waste.
And inventor is surprised to find that using the double-deck rotary kiln as may bring above-mentioned technical breakthrough, but, it is double
The outer tube structure of layer rotary kiln is again sufficiently complex, and combustion gas is difficult to directly burn wherein, and specific difficult point is embodied in: flame control,
All various aspects such as temperature field and flow field regulation all have a major impact combustion process.
Specifically, the present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by following technical solution:
The present invention provides a kind of processing units of tanning waste, it is characterized in that, the processing unit includes one
Pyrolysis gasification furnace, a pyrolysis oven, a gas-purification system and a flue gas purification system；The pyrolysis gasification furnace and the pyrolysis
Furnace is the double-deck rotary kiln, and the double-deck rotary kiln includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and the pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a skin
Remove from office particle feed inlet, a particle lime-ash discharge port, the thick gas outlet of one first high temperature and one first high-temperature flue gas outlet, the heat
Solving furnace includes a leather sludge inlet, a sludge lime-ash discharge port, the thick gas outlet of one second high temperature and one second high temperature cigarette
Gas outlet；
Several gas nozzles are distributed on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace and also on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis oven, it is described
Gas nozzle includes the central jets being coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, an inner ring spray head, an outer ring spray head and a cooling-part, institute
It states the Basolateral that cooling-part ring is located at the outer ring spray head, is also respectively added in the central jets, in the outer ring spray head
There is a cyclone；
The thick gas outlet of first high temperature and the thick gas outlet of the second high temperature with the gas-purification system phase
Connection, first high-temperature flue gas outlet and second high-temperature flue gas outlet are connected with the flue gas purification system.
The double-deck rotary kiln that the present invention uses allows continuous production, and treating capacity is big.
Preferably, 1~10 combustion is distributed on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace and respectively on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis oven
Gas jets.The gas nozzle is uniformly arranged on the shaft length direction of the double-deck rotary kiln according to this field usual manner, or
Person according to temperature field demand, non-uniform Distribution on the shaft length direction of the double-deck rotary kiln, such as: the high ground of temperature requirement
The intensive arrangement in side.
Preferably, the bottom face of the bottom face of the central jets and the inner ring spray head is relative to the outer ring spray head
Bottom face is arranged in gradual retraction, that is, contracting of the bottom face of the central jets relative to the bottom face of the outer ring spray head
Input, greater than the inner ring spray head bottom face relative to the outer ring spray head bottom face indent.The indent is set
It sets and is conducive to improve combustion stability and mixing efficiency with being combined with for cyclone.
In the present invention, the cyclone is cyclone commonly used in the art.
Preferably, the cooling-part is the circulating line for being equipped with cooling water inlet and cooling water outlet.The structure
Gas nozzle be can protect from high temperature ablation, improved service life.
Gas nozzle provided by the invention passes through the design and cooling-part of coaxial triple channel structure and setting for cyclone
It sets, successfully solves the problems, such as that the flame control of nozzle and thermo parameters method are unreasonable, nozzle life is long, good mixing effect, adjusts
Flexibly full combustion may be implemented in control, and high temperature is reasonably distributed, and ensure that the sufficient residence time, substantially increases burning effect
Rate.
Preferably, the leather particle feed inlet, the particle lime-ash discharge port and the thick gas outlet of the first high temperature
It is arranged on the inner cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace is arranged in first high-temperature flue gas outlet
On.
Preferably, the leather sludge inlet, the sludge lime-ash discharge port and the thick gas outlet of the second high temperature
It is arranged on the inner cylinder of the pyrolysis oven, second high-temperature flue gas outlet is arranged on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis oven.
Preferably, the pyrolysis gasification furnace and the pyrolysis oven include an air pipeline, the air pipeline with it is described
Gas nozzle is connected, for conveying air to the central jets and the outer ring spray head.
Preferably, the gas-purification system further includes clean gas outlet and one first cooling water inlet and one
First steam (vapor) outlet.The setting of first cooling water outlet and first steam (vapor) outlet is used for byproduct steam.Described is clear
Clean gas outlet is preferably comprised circulation port in a clean gas collection port and a clean gas.The clean gas collection port is used
In by combustion gas guiding system, other purposes are used for, such as generate electricity.In the clean gas circulation port preferably also with the combustion gas
Nozzle is connected, and for the delivery of fuel gas into the inner ring spray head, provides heat for bilayer rotary kiln.It is followed in the clean gas
A part of clean gas obtained can be imported to be passed through in the double-deck rotary kiln by the setting of collar extension again to burn, and is pyrolysis gas
Change process provides heat, this greatly reduces system energy consumption.
Preferably, the flue gas purification system further includes an exhanst gas outlet, one second cooling water inlet and one second steam
Outlet.The setting of second cooling water outlet and second steam (vapor) outlet is used for byproduct steam.
Preferably, the gas-purification system includes chilling tower, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and washes
Wash one of tower or a variety of, more preferably for be sequentially connected in series chilling tower, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and wash
Wash tower；The flue gas purification system is preferably comprised chilling tower, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and scrubbing tower
One of or a variety of, chilling tower, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and scrubbing tower more preferably to be sequentially connected in series.
Wherein, the chilling tower, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and scrubbing tower are this field conventional equipment.
The present invention also provides a kind for the treatment of process of tanning waste, it is characterized in that, use above-mentioned processing to fill
Progress is set, the gas nozzle provides combustion gas by the inner ring spray head respectively, passes through the central jets and the outer ring spray
Head provides air, and the treatment process includes the following steps:
(1) leather particle is fed into the inner cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, pyrolysis, gasification obtain the thick combustion gas of high temperature, high temperature
Flue gas and particle lime-ash；
(2) by the inner cylinder of leather sewage sludge feed to the pyrolysis oven, pyrolysis obtains the thick combustion gas of high temperature, high-temperature flue gas and dirt
Plaster slag；
(3) it is transported to the gas-purification system after merging the thick combustion gas of high temperature, obtains clean gas；High-temperature flue gas is merged
After be transported to the flue gas purification system, obtain flue gas.
In the present invention, the tanning waste mainly includes leather sludge and leather particle etc..The leather sludge
For the leather sludge of this field routine, refers generally to the biochemical sludge that sewage in leather making process generates after processing, contain after pretreatment
Water rate about 40%, sludge dry base heat value about 10MJ/kg；The leather particle is the leather particle of this field routine, is referred generally to
Leather shavings and leftover bits and pieces for being generated in leather making process etc., moisture content about 50%, dry base heat value about 13MJ/kg.
In step (1) and (2), the charging is carried out according to this field usual manner, preferably continuous feed.
In step (1), when handling leather particle, the condition of the pyrolysis can refer to the item of this field conventional pyrolysis
Part, the preferred the following conditions of the present invention: the pyrolysis preferably carries out under reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere；The temperature of the pyrolysis
Degree is preferably greater than 800 DEG C, is more preferably 800~1200 DEG C；The time of the pyrolysis is preferably 10min-120min.
The reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere are the conventionally referred reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere in this field, preferably nitrogen,
The atmosphere of one of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane or multiple gases.
In step (2), when handling leather sludge, the condition of the pyrolysis can refer to the item of this field conventional pyrolysis
Part, the preferred the following conditions of the present invention: the pyrolysis preferably carries out under reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere；The temperature of the pyrolysis
Degree is preferably greater than 600 DEG C, is more preferably 600~1000 DEG C；The time of the pyrolysis is preferably 10min-120min.
The reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere are the conventionally referred reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere in this field, preferably nitrogen,
The atmosphere of one of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane or multiple gases.
In step (1) and (2), the temperature of the thick combustion gas of high temperature is that this field is conventional, generally 600~1000 DEG C.High temperature cigarette
The temperature of gas is that this field is conventional, generally 900~1200 DEG C.
In the present invention, preferably, a part of clean gas is imported in the gas nozzle, it is by combustion process
Pyrolytic process provides heat.The amount of a part of clean gas is determining according to the parameters such as raw material type, physical property, generally
For the 30%-80% for accounting for the clean gas, the percentage is percent by volume.
Without prejudice to the field on the basis of common sense, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can any combination to get the present invention it is each preferably
Example.
The reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The positive effect of the present invention is that:
1, tanning waste is handled using treatment process of the invention, final solid product is solid slag, is not contained
Machine substance, convenient for handling and recycling high chromium concentration therein；Final gaseous product is steam and high-quality gas, can be used for sending out
Electricity etc..
2, the method for the present invention reacts tanning waste under high temperature and reproducibility or oxygen-free atmosphere, will not generate coke
Oil, SO2、NOxIt is environmental clean with the pollutants such as dioxin.
3, high-purity C r can be recycled in present invention process2O3, it is expected to thoroughly solve the problems, such as that Cr pollutes in tanning waste.
4, the joint processing system provided by the invention using particular device can carry out the debirs such as tanning waste
Efficiently, continuous harmless treatment and resource utilization on a large scale, whole system is applied widely, and operating flexibility is strong, can continuously grasp
Make and large-scale production has aobvious for efficient and environmental protection treatment one new approach of exploration of the debirs such as tanning waste
The economy and environmental benefit of work meet the demand that China develops a circular economy with Ecological Industrial.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the processing unit and process flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the gas nozzle of the embodiment of the present invention 1, wherein 1 is center spray head, and 2 be interior ring spray
Head, 3 be outer ring spray head, and 4 be cooling-part, and 5 be cyclone.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to quotient
The selection of product specification.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the processing unit of tanning waste provided in this embodiment includes a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a pyrolysis
Furnace, a gas-purification system and a flue gas purification system；The pyrolysis gasification furnace and the pyrolysis oven are the double-deck rotary kiln,
The pyrolysis gasification furnace include a leather particle feed inlet, a particle lime-ash discharge port, the thick gas outlet of one first high temperature and
One first high-temperature flue gas outlet, the pyrolysis oven include a leather sludge inlet, a sludge lime-ash discharge port, one second high temperature
Thick gas outlet and one second high-temperature flue gas outlet；
5 gas nozzles are distributed on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace and also on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis oven, such as Fig. 2 institute
Show, the gas nozzle includes the central jets 1 being coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, an inner ring spray head 2, an outer ring spray head 3 and one
Cooling-part 4,4 ring of cooling-part are located at the Basolateral of the outer ring spray head 3, interior, the described outer ring of the central jets 1
A cyclone 5 is also respectively equipped in spray head 3, the gas nozzle provides combustion gas by the inner ring spray head 2 respectively, by described
Central jets 1 and the outer ring spray head 3 provide air；
The thick gas outlet of first high temperature and the thick gas outlet of the second high temperature with the gas-purification system phase
Connection, first high-temperature flue gas outlet and second high-temperature flue gas outlet are connected with the flue gas purification system.
The double-deck rotary kiln that the present embodiment uses includes inner barrel and outer barrel, is allowed continuous production, and treating capacity
Greatly.
The gas nozzle is uniformly arranged on the shaft length direction of the double-deck rotary kiln according to this field usual manner.Institute
The bottom face of the bottom face and the inner ring spray head 2 of stating central jets 1 is in gradual relative to the bottom face of the outer ring spray head 3
Retraction arrangement, that is, indent of the bottom face of the central jets 1 relative to the bottom face of the outer ring spray head 3 is greater than described
Indent of the bottom face of inner ring spray head 2 relative to the bottom face of the outer ring spray head 3.The setting of the indent and cyclone 5
Be combined with and be conducive to improve combustion stability and mixing efficiency.
The cooling-part 4 is the circulating line for being equipped with cooling water inlet and cooling water outlet.The structure can protect
Gas nozzle is protected from high temperature ablation, is improved service life.
The design and cooling-part 4 and cyclone 5 that gas nozzle provided in this embodiment passes through coaxial triple channel structure
Setting, successfully solve the problems, such as nozzle flame control and thermo parameters method it is unreasonable, nozzle life is long, mixed effect
Good, full combustion flexibly may be implemented in regulation, and high temperature is reasonably distributed and ensure that the sufficient residence time, substantially increases burning
Efficiency.
The leather particle feed inlet, the particle lime-ash discharge port and the thick gas outlet of first high temperature are arranged in institute
It states on the inner cylinder of pyrolysis gasification furnace, first high-temperature flue gas outlet is arranged on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace.
The leather sludge inlet, the sludge lime-ash discharge port and the thick gas outlet of second high temperature are arranged in institute
It states on the inner cylinder of pyrolysis oven, second high-temperature flue gas outlet is arranged on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis oven.
The pyrolysis gasification furnace and the pyrolysis oven include an air pipeline, the air pipeline and the gas nozzle
It is connected, for conveying air to the central jets and the outer ring spray head.
The gas-purification system further includes clean gas outlet and one first cooling water inlet and one first steam
Outlet.The setting of first cooling water outlet and first steam (vapor) outlet is used for byproduct steam.The clean gas goes out
Mouth includes circulation port in a clean gas collection port and a clean gas.The clean gas collection port is used to export combustion gas
System is used for other purposes, such as generates electricity.Circulation port is also connected with the gas nozzle in the clean gas, is used for institute
Delivery of fuel gas in inner ring spray head is stated, provides heat for bilayer rotary kiln.The setting of circulation port can will make in the clean gas
A part of clean gas obtained imports to be passed through in the double-deck rotary kiln again to burn, and provides heat for pyrolytic gasification process, this
Greatly reduce system energy consumption.
The flue gas purification system further includes an exhanst gas outlet, one second cooling water inlet and one second steam (vapor) outlet.Institute
The setting of the second cooling water outlet and second steam (vapor) outlet is stated for byproduct steam.
The gas-purification system is the chilling tower being sequentially connected in series, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and washes
Wash tower；The flue gas purification system is the chilling tower being sequentially connected in series, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and washing
Tower.
The treatment process of tanning waste provided in this embodiment uses above-mentioned processing unit to carry out, the processing
Technique includes the following steps:
(1) will in the inner cylinder of leather particle continuous feed to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, be pyrolyzed, gasification, obtain the thick combustion gas of high temperature,
High-temperature flue gas and particle lime-ash；Inlet amount are as follows: leather particle (20 ton/days)；
(2) by the inner cylinder of leather sludge continuous feed to the pyrolysis oven, pyrolysis obtains the thick combustion gas of high temperature, high-temperature flue gas
With sludge lime-ash；Leather sludge (38 ton/days)；
(3) it is transported to the gas-purification system after merging the thick combustion gas of high temperature, obtains clean gas；High-temperature flue gas is merged
After be transported to the flue gas purification system, obtain flue gas.
Wherein, the leather sludge refers to the biochemical sludge that sewage generates after processing in leather making process；The leather
Particle refers to the leather shavings generated in leather making process and leftover bits and pieces etc..In the present embodiment tanning waste material composition analysis,
Calorimetry result is as shown in table 1,2.
The constituent analysis of 1 raw material of table
In table 1, MarRefer to the moisture content for receiving sample；Ad, Vd, FCdThe ash content of sample drying base is respectively referred to, it is volatilizable
The content of ingredient and fixed carbon, QdRefer to dry base calorific value.
2 calorimetry of table (butt)
| Substance | Leather particle | Leather sludge |
| Calorific value (MJ/kg) | 13.699 | 10.583 |
In step (1), when handling leather particle, the pyrolysis carries out under reducing atmosphere；The pyrolysis
Temperature is 1000 DEG C；The time of the pyrolysis is 60min.The reducing atmosphere is hydrogen atmosphere.
In step (2), when handling leather sludge, the pyrolysis carries out under reducing atmosphere；The pyrolysis
Temperature is 900 DEG C；The time of the pyrolysis is 50min.The reducing atmosphere is carbon monoxide atmosphere.
In step (1) and (2), the temperature of the thick combustion gas of high temperature is 800 DEG C, and the temperature of high-temperature flue gas is 1000 DEG C.
In the present embodiment, also 50% clean gas is imported in the gas nozzle, is heat by combustion process
Solution preocess provides heat, and the percentage is percent by volume.
Embodiment 2
The processing unit and treatment process of the present embodiment are same as Example 1, the difference is that only: of gas nozzle
Number is 10；In step (1) and (2), the temperature of the thick combustion gas of high temperature is 600 DEG C, and the temperature of high-temperature flue gas is 900 DEG C；Step (1)
The temperature of the pyrolysis is 800 DEG C, time 120min；The temperature of step (2) described pyrolysis is 600 DEG C, time 120min；
A part of clean gas for participating in pyrolytic process accounts for the 30% of clean gas, and the percentage is percent by volume.
Embodiment 3
The processing unit and treatment process of the present embodiment are same as Example 1, the difference is that only: of gas nozzle
Number is 1；In step (1) and (2), the temperature of the thick combustion gas of high temperature is 1000 DEG C, and the temperature of high-temperature flue gas is 1200 DEG C；Step
(1) temperature of the pyrolysis is 1200 DEG C, time 10min；The temperature of step (2) described pyrolysis is 1000 DEG C, and the time is
10min；A part of clean gas for participating in pyrolytic process accounts for the 80% of clean gas, and the percentage is percent by volume.
Effect example 1
The product that embodiment 1 obtains is high chromium concentration grey (1 ton/day), steam (12 ton/days), combustion gas (6 ton/days).
The main component of clean gas after purge drying are as follows: H2For 25-38%, CO 20-31%, CO2For 7-28%,
CH4For 5-19%.Cr in slag2O3Purity be greater than 40%.Flue gas main component: N2、CO2、O2、H2O etc..
It can be seen that the present invention leather sludge and leather particle that generate in leather industry can be carried out harmless treatment and
Resource utilization, generates steam and combustion gas after processing, and can the gasification lime-ash to high chrome contents recycle.Through the invention
Implement, a new approach can be explored for the energy-saving and environmental protection of tanning waste, resource utilization, have it is significant economical and
Environmental benefit meets the demand that China develops a circular economy with Ecological Industrial.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
It is merely illustrative of, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not carrying on the back
Under the premise of from the principle and substance of the present invention, many changes and modifications may be made, but these are changed
Protection scope of the present invention is each fallen with modification.
Claims (9)
1. a kind for the treatment of process of tanning waste, which is characterized in that it uses following processing unit to carry out:
The processing unit includes a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a pyrolysis oven, a gas-purification system and a flue gas purification system；Institute
The pyrolysis gasification furnace and the pyrolysis oven stated are the double-deck rotary kiln, and the double-deck rotary kiln includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder,
The pyrolysis gasification furnace include a leather particle feed inlet, a particle lime-ash discharge port, the thick gas outlet of one first high temperature and
One first high-temperature flue gas outlet, the pyrolysis oven include a leather sludge inlet, a sludge lime-ash discharge port, one second high temperature
Thick gas outlet and one second high-temperature flue gas outlet；
At least one gas nozzle, the combustion is distributed on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace and also on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis oven
Gas jets include the central jets being coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside, an inner ring spray head, an outer ring spray head and a cooling-part, described
Cooling-part ring is located at the Basolateral of the outer ring spray head, is also respectively equipped in the central jets, in the outer ring spray head
One cyclone；
The thick gas outlet of first high temperature and the thick gas outlet of the second high temperature are connected with the gas-purification system,
First high-temperature flue gas outlet and second high-temperature flue gas outlet are connected with the flue gas purification system；
The cooling-part is the circulating line for being equipped with cooling water inlet and cooling water outlet；
The gas-purification system further includes that clean gas outlet and one first cooling water inlet and one first steam go out
Mouthful, the setting of first cooling water inlet and first steam (vapor) outlet is used for byproduct steam, the clean gas outlet
Including circulation port in a clean gas collection port and a clean gas, the clean gas collection port, which is used to export combustion gas, is
System；
Circulation port is also connected with the gas nozzle in the clean gas, for the delivery of fuel gas into the inner ring spray head；
The gas nozzle provides combustion gas by the inner ring spray head respectively, is mentioned by the central jets and the outer ring spray head
For air, the treatment process includes the following steps:
(1) leather particle is fed into the inner cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, pyrolysis, gasification obtain the thick combustion gas of high temperature, high-temperature flue gas
With particle lime-ash；
(2) by the inner cylinder of leather sewage sludge feed to the pyrolysis oven, pyrolysis obtains the thick combustion gas of high temperature, high-temperature flue gas and sludge ash
Slag；
(3) it is transported to the gas-purification system after merging the thick combustion gas of high temperature, obtains clean gas；It is defeated after high-temperature flue gas is merged
It is sent to the flue gas purification system, obtains flue gas；
In step (1), the pyrolysis carries out under reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere, and the temperature of the pyrolysis is greater than or equal to
800 DEG C, the time of the pyrolysis is 10min-120min；
In step (2), the pyrolysis carries out under reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere, and the temperature of the pyrolysis is greater than or equal to
600 DEG C, the time of the pyrolysis is 10min-120min.
2. treatment process as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1) and (2), the charging is continuous feed；It is described
The temperature of the thick combustion gas of high temperature is 600~1000 DEG C, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is 900~1200 DEG C.
3. treatment process as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (1), the temperature of the pyrolysis is 800~1200
℃；In step (2), the temperature of the pyrolysis is 600~1000 DEG C；
The reducing atmosphere or oxygen-free atmosphere are one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane or a variety of
The atmosphere of gas.
4. treatment process as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that import a part of clean gas in the gas nozzle, institute
The amount for a part of clean gas stated accounts for the 30%-80% of the clean gas, and the percentage is percent by volume.
5. treatment process as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace and the pyrolysis oven
Outer cylinder on 1~10 gas nozzle is distributed with respectively.
6. treatment process as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the bottom face of the central jets and the inner ring spray head
Bottom face arrange relative to the bottom face of the outer ring spray head in gradual retraction, the bottom faces of the central jets relative to
The indent of the bottom face of the outer ring spray head, greater than bottom end of the bottom face relative to the outer ring spray head of the inner ring spray head
The indent in face.
7. such as treatment process described in claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the leather particle feed inlet, the particle lime-ash
Discharge port and the thick gas outlet of the first high temperature are arranged on the inner cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and first high-temperature flue gas goes out
Mouth is arranged on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis gasification furnace；
The leather sludge inlet, the sludge lime-ash discharge port and the thick gas outlet of second high temperature are arranged in the heat
On the inner cylinder for solving furnace, second high-temperature flue gas outlet is arranged on the outer cylinder of the pyrolysis oven；
The pyrolysis gasification furnace and the pyrolysis oven include an air pipeline, and the air pipeline is connected with the gas nozzle
It is logical, for conveying air to the central jets and the outer ring spray head.
8. treatment process as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the flue gas purification system further include an exhanst gas outlet,
The setting of one second cooling water inlet and one second steam (vapor) outlet, second cooling water inlet and second steam (vapor) outlet is used
In byproduct steam；
The gas-purification system includes one of chilling tower, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and scrubbing tower
Or it is a variety of, the flue gas purification system includes in chilling tower, neutralization reaction tower, bag filter, air-introduced machine and scrubbing tower
It is one or more.
9. treatment process as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the gas-purification system is the urgency being sequentially connected in series
Leng Ta, a neutralization reaction tower, a bag filter, an air-introduced machine and a scrubbing tower；
The flue gas purification system is the chilling tower, a neutralization reaction tower, a bag filter, an air-introduced machine being sequentially connected in series
With a scrubbing tower.
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| CN107400525A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-28 | 深圳市中世新能源有限公司 | The carbonization system of sludge and rubbish |
| CN110903855A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 陕西鼓风机（集团）有限公司 | Material pyrolysis gasification process, system and application |
| CN111704931B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Combustible solid waste segmented oxygen-enriched gasification cooperative treatment system |
| CN113637491A (en) * | 2021-08-21 | 2021-11-12 | 浙江宜可欧环保科技有限公司 | Solid waste pyrolysis-oxidation cooperative disposal equipment |
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