A kind of technology utilizing blast furnace slag waste heat resource biomass and innoxious chromium slag
Technical field
The present invention is synchronization process chromium slag and biomass and the method cooling down blast furnace slag, innoxious chromium slag, obtain high-grade energy gas while, be greatly saved the energy, simultaneously. Belong to environmental conservation and low-carbon technology field.
Background technology
Chromium slag is the by-product of discharge in bichromate production process. Having great toxicity because wherein containing water soluble hexavalent chromium, if the air storage without process, underground water source, river or marine site can be caused pollution in various degree, serious is detrimental to health and vegeto-animal growth.
On the whole, the detoxification (Cr VI high by toxicity becomes trivalent chromium) of current chromium slag is divided into wet method detoxifcation and dry detoxified two big classes. But there is respective problem. Wet method is to add reducing agent by Cr in chromium slag by passing through6+Method in liquid-phase reduction removing toxic substances. But this method reagent consumption is big, cost is high, is also difficult to extensive for administering chromium slag at present. Dry detoxified is make hexavalent chrome reduction in chromium slag be the purpose that trivalent chromium reaches removing toxic substances by the strong reducing action of high-temperature reductibility atmosphere. Traditional dry treatment is to make reducing agent with carbon, heats to about 1000 DEG C poisonous Cr in restoring property atmosphere6+It is reduced into nontoxic Cr6 +, this method large-scale application, in the improvement of chromium slag, has certain economic benefit, but pollutes with secondary dust in processing procedure, and cost of investment is high, and energy consumption is big.
On the other hand, China produces substantial amounts of biomass every year, and nowadays major part biomass effectively do not utilize, and carry out field burning, define haze, have had a strong impact on atmospheric environment. It is a kind of biomass economy method that biomass pyrolytic utilizes, but its product tar is generally difficult to utilization, the problem that there is also equipment coking. A kind of method utilizing mud and biomass catalyzing reformation cracking fuel gas of the patent Introduction of application number 2014102110190, biomass coke tar is converted into the method for combustible gas by the method, although creating the fuel gas comparatively easily utilized, but its CO2 content being high, poor quality; Simultaneously need to about 1000 DEG C high temperature, energy consumption is big, and utilization rate is relatively low; In addition this method also needs to utilize CaO base costly, Al2O3 catalyst based.
Additionally, China produces substantial amounts of blast furnace slag every year, liquid blast furnace temperature is high, temperature 1500-1700 DEG C, if the good good utilisation of energy, will be valuable resource.But seldom there is technology effectively to be utilized by heat energy therein at present.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is the process method of disposal of a kind of novel chromium slag, biomass and liquid blast furnace. Pass through technology controlling and process, it is possible to effectively cooled down by liquid blast furnace and effectively utilized by its heat energy, convert biomass into high-quality energy gas simultaneously, and by while in chromium slag, Cr VI efficiently reduces.
This process technology scheme is: by liquid blast furnace heating also gasified bio-matter and cooling water, followed by hazardous waste chromium slag high-temperature catalytic crack biomass cracking gas, low molecular high temperature energy gas (H2, CO and CH4 etc.) is converted biomass into comparatively thoroughly, it is to avoid the coking on chromium slag surface when steam gasification. And chromium slag is heated by the high temperature energy gas that biomass produce simultaneously, make hexavalent chrome reduction in chromium slag is trivalent chromium simultaneously, allows low temperature chromium slag that energy gas is cooled down in passing, and Cl and CO2 in energy gas is absorbed by the alkaline matter in chromium slag. This technique, while innoxious chromium slag, is greatly saved the energy, obtains high-grade energy gas simultaneously.
The method of the present invention specifically includes following steps:
(1) liquid blast furnace of temperature 1500-1700 DEG C is poured onto wheeled setting gauge arrival end by slag ladle, through quantitative material toggling and preliminary broken after, cylinder smashing device porch is entered from the port of export, mix with biomass, and by biomass pyrolytic, blast furnace slag and biomass pyrolytic coke transport to the cylinder smashing device port of export subsequently, and cooled water-cooled is but discharged afterwards; The continuous input quality of cooling water and the blast furnace slag of cooling blast furnace slag ratio is for 1:(1-8); The continuous input quality of biomass and blast furnace slag is than for 1:(1-8);
(2) the cooling water in step (1) adds from the cylinder smashing device port of export, and spray is heated to blast furnace slag surface and is converted into steam; Steam subsequently with blast furnace slag reverse flow heat exchange, transport to cylinder smashing device arrival end and mix with pyrolysis gas of biomass; Gaseous mixture is transported to wheeled setting gauge subsequently and is carried out heat exchange with high temperature blast furnace slag, is converted into the high-temperature gas mixture of 1000-1400 DEG C;
(3) gaseous mixture in step (2) is transported to catalytic reforming furnace, chromium slag after load calcining in stove, the chromium slag of mixing gas heating the inside carries out catalytic reforming within the scope of 800-1200 DEG C, generates energy gas;
(4) the high temperature energy gas generated in step (3) subsequently inputs in internal heat type rotary kiln end, continues, with kiln WEILIAN, the chromium slag carrying and carries out heat exchange process, and hexavalent chrome reduction in chromium slag is trivalent chromium by energy gas simultaneously; High temperature energy gas temperature is reduced to after below 250 DEG C, discharges from rotary kiln, enters condensing unit, and cooling water reverse flow indirect heat exchange occurs, and collects after condensation dehydration; High temperature chromium slag after heat exchange is discharged from rotary kiln end, enters chiller, discharge after using cooling water to be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, utilizes produced steam to control chiller air pressure inside higher than outdoor air pressure 0-30kp simultaneously; The mass ratio of the high temperature energy gas continuously generated and continuously the chromium slag of input controls at (1-8): 4;
(5) in step (4), high temperature chromium slag after heat exchange is discharged from rotary kiln end, enter chiller, discharge after using cooling water to be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, utilizes produced steam to control chiller air pressure inside higher than outdoor air pressure 0-30kp simultaneously;
Comparing traditional biomass treatment method, this method has following advantage:
1. utilize the heating of high-temperature liquid state blast furnace slag gasified bio-matter and cooling water, produce biomass cracking product and steam, prepare high-quality energy gas for pyrolysis product catalysis and create conditions; Take full advantage of heat energy simultaneously, substantially increase energy efficiency;
2. utilize chromium slag hazardous waste chromium slag catalysis biomass, it is to avoid while using expensive catalyst, also achieve the innoxious of chromium slag;
3., because of the effect of high-temperature steam so that chromium slag is after reduction treatment, and surface coke content greatly reduces, be conducive to the secondary of chromium slag after processing to utilize;
4. after utilizing catalytic reforming, produced high temperature energy gas heating innoxious chromium slag, saved the equipment of extra cooling down high-temperature gas simultaneously;
5. take full advantage of the water vapour that each stage of technique produces, produce steam without extra heat source auxiliary, be conducive to energy-conservation, decrease the discharge of steam simultaneously, it is to avoid second heat pollution;
6. the by-product CO2 etc. generated in the energy gas that biomass catalyzing cracking produces can be absorbed by alkaline matters such as the CaO in chromium slag, improves fuel product quality;
7. chromium slag cooling device utilizes cooling water-cooled but chromium slag, while producing steam, and aggrandizement apparatus air pressure inside, stop extraneous air to enter system, the trivalent chromium after oxidoreduction, avoid simultaneously and use extra device to control air pressure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process chart
Fig. 2 is liquid blast furnace poking device and smashing device
Wherein 1 liquid Ge Zha import department; 2 mixed gas outlets; 3 cooling water inlets place; 4 biomass inlet places; 5 wheeled setting gauges; 6 blast furnace slag exits; 7 cylinder smashing devices; 8 wheeled setting gauges and cylinder smashing device connector; 9 gears.
It is embodied as example as follows:
(1) liquid blast furnace of temperature 1500-1700 DEG C is poured onto wheeled setting gauge arrival end by slag ladle, through quantitative material toggling and preliminary broken after, cylinder smashing device porch is entered from the port of export, mix with biomass, and by biomass pyrolytic, blast furnace slag and biomass pyrolytic coke transport to the cylinder smashing device port of export subsequently, and cooled water-cooled is but discharged afterwards; The continuous input quality of cooling water and the blast furnace slag of cooling blast furnace slag ratio is for 1:2; The continuous input quality of biomass and blast furnace slag is than for 1:2;
(2) the cooling water in step (1) adds from the cylinder smashing device port of export, and spray is heated to blast furnace slag surface and is converted into steam; Steam subsequently with blast furnace slag reverse flow heat exchange, transport to cylinder smashing device arrival end and mix with pyrolysis gas of biomass; Gaseous mixture is transported to wheeled setting gauge subsequently and is carried out heat exchange with high temperature blast furnace slag, is converted into the high-temperature gas mixture of 1000 DEG C;
(3) gaseous mixture in step (2) is transported to catalytic reforming furnace, chromium slag after load calcining in stove, the chromium slag of mixing gas heating the inside carries out catalytic reforming within the scope of 800 DEG C, generates energy gas;
(4) the high temperature energy gas generated in step (3) subsequently inputs in internal heat type rotary kiln end, continues, with kiln WEILIAN, the chromium slag carrying and carries out heat exchange process, and hexavalent chrome reduction in chromium slag is trivalent chromium by energy gas simultaneously; High temperature energy gas temperature is reduced to after below 250 DEG C, discharges from rotary kiln, enters condensing unit, and cooling water reverse flow indirect heat exchange occurs, and collects after condensation dehydration; High temperature chromium slag after heat exchange is discharged from rotary kiln end, enters chiller, discharge after using cooling water to be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, utilizes produced steam to control chiller air pressure inside higher than outdoor air pressure 0-30kp simultaneously;The mass ratio of the high temperature energy gas continuously generated and continuously the chromium slag of input controls at 2:1;
(5) in step (4), high temperature chromium slag after heat exchange is discharged from rotary kiln end, enter chiller, discharge after using cooling water to be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, utilizes produced steam to control chiller air pressure inside higher than outdoor air pressure 0-30kp simultaneously;
(6) using GB GB5086.2 horizontal vibration method that chromium slag after processing is carried out toxicity characteristic leaching procedure, recording water soluble chromium is 0.01mg/L, is significantly less than GB GB5085.3 hazardous waste upper limit 1.5mg/L; Biomass per ton produce 0.6-0.7t energy gas, and combustible gas content is higher than 80%.
Example 2:
(1) liquid blast furnace of temperature 1500-1700 DEG C is poured onto wheeled setting gauge arrival end by slag ladle, through quantitative material toggling and preliminary broken after, cylinder smashing device porch is entered from the port of export, mix with biomass, and by biomass pyrolytic, blast furnace slag and biomass pyrolytic coke transport to the cylinder smashing device port of export subsequently, and cooled water-cooled is but discharged afterwards; The continuous input quality of cooling water and the blast furnace slag of cooling blast furnace slag ratio is for 1:4; The continuous input quality of biomass and blast furnace slag is than for 1:2;
(2) the cooling water in step (1) adds from the cylinder smashing device port of export, and spray is heated to blast furnace slag surface and is converted into steam; Steam subsequently with blast furnace slag reverse flow heat exchange, transport to cylinder smashing device arrival end and mix with pyrolysis gas of biomass; Gaseous mixture is transported to wheeled setting gauge subsequently and is carried out heat exchange with high temperature blast furnace slag, is converted into the high-temperature gas mixture of 1400 DEG C;
(3) gaseous mixture in step (2) is transported to catalytic reforming furnace, chromium slag after load calcining in stove, the chromium slag of mixing gas heating the inside carries out catalytic reforming within the scope of 800 DEG C, generates energy gas;
(4) the high temperature energy gas generated in step (3) subsequently inputs in internal heat type rotary kiln end, continues, with kiln WEILIAN, the chromium slag carrying and carries out heat exchange process, and hexavalent chrome reduction in chromium slag is trivalent chromium by energy gas simultaneously; High temperature energy gas temperature is reduced to after below 250 DEG C, discharges from rotary kiln, enters condensing unit, and cooling water reverse flow indirect heat exchange occurs, and collects after condensation dehydration; High temperature chromium slag after heat exchange is discharged from rotary kiln end, enters chiller, discharge after using cooling water to be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, utilizes produced steam to control chiller air pressure inside higher than outdoor air pressure 0-30kp simultaneously; The mass ratio of the high temperature energy gas continuously generated and continuously the chromium slag of input controls at 1:1;
(5) in step (4), high temperature chromium slag after heat exchange is discharged from rotary kiln end, enter chiller, discharge after using cooling water to be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, utilizes produced steam to control chiller air pressure inside higher than outdoor air pressure 0-30kp simultaneously;
(6) using GB GB5086.2 horizontal vibration method that chromium slag after processing is carried out toxicity characteristic leaching procedure, recording water soluble chromium is 0.01mg/L, is significantly less than GB GB5085.3 hazardous waste upper limit 1.5mg/L; Biomass per ton produce 0.6-0.7t energy gas, and combustible gas content is higher than 80%.
Above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, but not is limited; Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still the technical scheme described in previous embodiment can be modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent replacement;And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of present invention technical scheme required for protection.