CN105994324B - 一种含吡唑醚菌酯、甲霜灵和咯菌腈的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种含吡唑醚菌酯、甲霜灵和咯菌腈的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105994324B CN105994324B CN201610626190.7A CN201610626190A CN105994324B CN 105994324 B CN105994324 B CN 105994324B CN 201610626190 A CN201610626190 A CN 201610626190A CN 105994324 B CN105994324 B CN 105994324B
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- Prior art keywords
- pyraclostrobin
- fludioxonil
- metalaxyl
- composition
- bactericidal composition
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- ZUFONQSOSYEWCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(methylamino)acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CNCC([O-])=O ZUFONQSOSYEWCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种杀菌组合物,该组合物的活性成分由A和B组成,其中A为吡唑醚菌酯和咯菌腈的混合物;B为甲霜灵。本发明还涉及所述用于防治植物病害中的用途以及防治植物病害的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农业领域,具体涉及一种含吡唑醚菌酯、甲霜灵和咯菌腈的杀菌组合物。
背景技术
吡唑醚菌酯纯品为白色至浅米色无味结晶体,是新型广谱杀菌剂,具有保护、治疗、叶片渗透传导作用。该杀菌剂对黄瓜白粉病、霜霉病和香蕉黑星病、叶斑病、菌核病等有较好的防治效果,对作物安全。
甲霜灵纯品为白色粉末,属于苯基酰胺类高效、低毒、低残留、内吸性杀菌剂,对病害植株有保护和治疗作用,且药效持续期长,主要抑制病菌菌丝体内蛋白质的合成,对霜霉病菌、疫霉病菌和腐病菌引起的多种作物霜霉病,瓜果蔬菜类的疫霉病等多种病害防效较好。
咯菌腈纯品为淡黄色粉末,通过抑制葡萄糖磷酰化有关的转移,并抑制真菌菌丝体的生长,最终导致病菌死亡,适用于小麦、大麦、玉米、棉花、大豆、花生、水稻、油菜、马铃薯、蔬菜等多种作物,防治纹枯病、根腐病、全蚀病、猝倒病、炭疽病、黑根病、水稻恶苗病、立枯病、褐斑病等。
CN102037968A公开了一种含咯菌腈与其他杀菌剂组成的复配杀菌剂,其他杀菌剂可以是吡唑醚菌酯,但是该组合物仅能有效防治果蔬灰霉病,而且经试验,目前该药剂抗性产生明显,田间用量明显增加,防效下降。
因此,存在寻找新的组合协同增效、延缓其抗性发生的现实需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有杀菌剂对农业病害防治作用单一、持效期短、抗性发生严重等问题,提供一种杀菌效果更好、延缓抗药性且用药成本更低的组合物
为了解决上述问题,本发明采用以下的技术方案。
本发明一方面涉及一种杀菌组合物,其中,该组合物的活性成分由A和B组成,其中A为吡唑醚菌酯和咯菌腈的混合物;B为甲霜灵。
在本发明的组合物中,活性成分A与B的重量比为1∶40至40∶1;且活性成分A中吡唑醚菌酯与咯菌腈的重量比为9∶1至2∶1。
优选地,活性成分A与B的重量比为1∶20至20∶1;且活性成分A中吡唑醚菌酯与咯菌腈的重量比为8∶1至6∶1。
更优选地,活性成分A与B的重量比为1∶10至10∶1;且活性成分A中吡唑醚菌酯与咯菌腈的重量比为7∶1。
最优选,活性成分A与B的重量比为4∶1,且活性成分A中吡唑醚菌酯与咯菌腈的重量比为7∶1;或者活性成分A与B的重量比为2∶1,且活性成分A中吡唑醚菌酯与咯菌腈的重量比为7∶1;或者活性成分A与B的重量比为2∶5,且活性成分A中吡唑醚菌酯与咯菌腈的重量比为7∶1。
本发明所述的组合物可进一步包含农业上可接受的载体和助剂,制备成农业上可接受的剂型。其中本发明的杀菌组合物中,活性成分A和B的重量百分含量为1-80%,优选5-60%,更优选10-40%。
本发明组合物可制备的剂型包括可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、水乳剂、微乳剂;优选制备成悬浮剂。所用到的助剂和载体例如溶剂、助溶剂、分散剂、乳化剂、润湿剂、粘合剂、稳定剂、崩解剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、填料和/或载体等等。上述剂型的制备方法可以参见例如《农药剂型加工技术》(刘步林主编,第二版)。
其中,在本发明的杀菌组合物中,
所述溶剂选自:二甲基甲酰胺、环己烷、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、甲基乙二醇醚、二甲基亚砜、三氯甲烷、苯、甲苯、丙酮、二氯甲烷、乙基乙二醇醚、二甲苯、环己醇、环己酮、石油醚、大豆油、棉籽油中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的1-50wt.%。
所述助溶剂选自:甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的1-20wt.%。
所述乳化剂选自:十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯胺盐、聚氧乙烯脂肪酰胺、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段聚合物、苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基硫酸钠、油酰胺磺酸盐、苯乙烯基苯基聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂肪酸酯、山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的2-30wt.%。
所述分散剂选自:十二烷基三甲基铵盐、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、木质素磺酸盐、对羟苯基木质素磺酸钠、聚氧乙烯羊毛脂醇、聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、聚氧乙烯甘油基单脂肪酸酯、烷基醇酰胺和聚氧乙烯烷基胺等中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的2-30wt.%。
所述润湿剂选自:N-月桂酰基谷氨酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、聚氧乙烯月桂基醚羧酸钠、油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠、二辛基磺基琥珀酸盐、月桂酰基肌氨酸钠、异辛醇琥珀酸酯磺酸钠、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚磷酸酯盐、三硅氧烷聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磷酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的2-30wt.%。
所述粘合剂选自:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧甲基纤维素、明胶、阿拉伯胶、黄原胶、羧乙基纤维素中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的1-20wt.%。
所述崩解剂选自:硫酸钠、硫酸钙、尿素、碳酸氢钠、硫酸铵中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的1-20wt.%。
所述增稠剂选自:阿拉伯胶、硅酸镁铝、羧甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、羧乙基纤维素中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的1-20wt.%。
所述消泡剂选自:正-辛醇、磷酸丁酯、硅酮中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的0.1-10wt.%。
所述防冻剂选自:选自乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的1-10wt.%。
所述稳定剂选自:丁基缩水甘油醚、N-大豆油基三亚甲基二胺、二烷基丁二酸酯磺酸盐中的一种或多种;其用量例如占组合物总重量的0.1-10wt.%。
所述填料和/或载体选自:高岭土、蒙脱石、膨润土、凹凸棒土、硅藻土、白炭黑中的一种或多种。
本发明另一方面涉及所述组合物在防治植物病害中的用途。优选地,所述植物病害为小麦叶锈病、黄瓜霜霉病、马铃薯晚疫病。
本发明还涉及一种防治植物病害的方法,其中包括向植物或植物生长部位施用本发明所述的组合物,其施用时机、施药部位和施用量可以根据实际情况而定,例如可以在植物未发病时,或者发病初期、发病中期等施用。施用量根据发病情况施用,例如5-80克活性成分/亩。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明所述杀菌组合物对病害有显著的增效作用,提高了杀菌效果,这能够减少农药施用量以及延缓病原菌抗药性的产生。
具体实施方式
为了理解本发明,下面用实施例进一步说明,但本发明并不限制于此。
如无特别说明,下述实施例中所述的“%”均指重量百分比。
一、制剂实施例
实施例1
吡唑醚菌酯21%、咯菌腈3%、甲霜灵12%、对羟苯基木质素磺酸钠8%、三硅氧烷聚氧乙烯醚7%、膨润土余量。
将各组分混合,经研磨、粉碎,制得可湿性粉剂。
实施例2
吡唑醚菌酯3%、咯菌腈0.5%、甲霜灵17.5%、聚氧乙烯甘油基单脂肪酸酯7%、月桂酰基肌氨酸钠6%、高岭土余量。
将各组分混合,经研磨、粉碎,制得可湿性粉剂。
实施例3
吡唑醚菌酯3.5%、咯菌腈0.5%、甲霜灵10%、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐6%、三硅氧烷聚氧乙烯醚6%、丙二醇2%、磷酸异丁酯0.5%、水余量。
将各组分混合,搅拌均匀并研磨、制得悬浮剂。
实施例4
吡唑醚菌酯14%、咯菌腈2%、甲霜灵4%、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐7%、异辛醇琥珀酸酯磺酸钠5%、乙二醇1%、硅酮1%、水余量。
将各组分混合,搅拌均匀并研磨、制得悬浮剂。
实施例5
吡唑醚菌酯8%、咯菌腈1%、甲霜灵1%、二甲基甲酰胺10%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠5%、聚氧乙烯甘油基单脂肪酸酯3%、乙二醇2%、磷酸丁酯1%、水余量。
将活性成分用二甲基甲酰胺溶解制备成油相,将其他各组分加入水中搅拌均匀制备成水相,然后边搅拌边将油相加入水相,搅拌均匀,制得水乳剂。
实施例6
吡唑醚菌酯2%、咯菌腈1%、甲霜灵30%、对羟苯基木质素磺酸钠9%、N-月桂酰基谷氨酸钠7%、阿拉伯胶3%、硫酸铵4%、高岭土余量。
将各组分混合均匀,经粉碎、造粒,制得水分散粒剂。
实施例7
吡唑醚菌酯25%、咯菌腈5%、甲霜灵1.5%、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐7%、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯8%、羧乙基纤维素4%、碳酸氢钠6%、高岭土余量。
将各组分混合均匀,经粉碎、造粒,制得水分散粒剂。
对比例1
吡唑醚菌酯7%、咯菌腈1%、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐6%、三硅氧烷聚氧乙烯醚6%、丙二醇2%、磷酸异丁酯0.5%、水余量。
将各组分混合,搅拌均匀并研磨、制得悬浮剂。
对比例2
吡唑醚菌酯3%、甲霜灵17.5%、聚氧乙烯甘油基单脂肪酸酯7%、月桂酰基肌氨酸钠6%、高岭土余量。
将各组分混合,经研磨、粉碎,制得可湿性粉剂。
对比例3
咯菌腈5%、甲霜灵1.5%、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐7%、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯8%、羧乙基纤维素4%、碳酸氢钠6%、高岭土余量。
将各组分混合均匀,经粉碎、造粒,制得水分散粒剂。
二、室内毒力测定
采用生长速率法测定本发明的组合物对植物病原菌的抑菌效果。
将供试药剂分别配成1000mg/L的母液,然后取适量按照预定比例混合并用2%的吐温80水溶液配制5个浓度梯度,然后加至约45℃的培养基中,混合均匀并倒入灭菌的培养皿内,冷却后形成带毒的培养基平面,清水为空白对照,各浓度重复5次。之后,接入直径为5mm的菌饼,将培养皿置于25℃,湿度80%的培养箱中培养。96小时后,取出培养皿,测量菌落直径,并通过下式计算各药剂处理对病菌的抑制生长率,并求出各处理对病原菌的EC50。
然后,按照孙云沛法计算各处理的共毒系数。若共毒系数大于120,表明有增效作用;共毒系数小于80,表明为拮抗作用;共毒系数在80-120之间,表明为相加作用。
1、本发明组合物对黄瓜霜霉病菌(古巴假霜霉菌,Pseudoperonospora cubensis)的毒力测定结果如下。
表1 黄瓜霜霉病菌测定结果
其中,A为吡唑醚菌酯∶咯菌腈=7∶1的混合物;B为甲霜灵。
结果显示,本发明组合物对黄瓜霜霉病菌具有协同增效作用。
2、本发明组合物对小麦叶锈病菌(小麦隐匿柄锈菌,Puccinia recondita Rob.)的毒力测定结果如下。
表2 小麦叶锈病菌测定结果
其中,A为吡唑醚菌酯∶咯菌腈=7∶1的混合物;B为甲霜灵。
结果显示,本发明组合物对小麦叶锈病菌具有协同增效作用。
3、本发明组合物对马铃薯晚疫病菌(致病疫霉,Phytophthora infestans)的毒力测定结果如下。
表3 马铃薯晚疫病菌测定结果
其中,A为吡唑醚菌酯∶咯菌腈=3∶1的混合物;B为甲霜灵。
结果显示,本发明组合物对马铃薯晚疫病菌具有协同增效作用。
4、本发明组合物对黄瓜灰霉病菌(灰葡萄孢,Botrytis cinerea)的毒力测定结果如下。
表4 黄瓜灰霉病菌测定结果
其中,A为吡唑醚菌酯∶咯菌腈=7∶1的混合物;B为甲霜灵。
结果显示,本发明组合物对黄瓜灰霉病菌未表现协同增效作用。
综上,不受任何理论的束缚,本发明组合物对黄瓜霜霉病菌、小麦叶锈病菌以及马铃薯晚疫病菌表现出明显的协同增效效果,而对黄瓜灰霉病却仅表现出加和的效果。因此,本发明的组合物适用于防治黄瓜霜霉病、小麦叶锈病以及马铃薯晚疫病。
三、田间防效试验
测定本发明组合物对黄瓜霜霉病的田间防效。
试验药剂为本发明制剂实施例1-7所述制剂。
对照药剂为对比例1-3制剂,以及30%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂、2.5%咯菌腈悬浮剂、25%甲霜灵可湿性粉剂。
试验药剂、对照药剂和清水对照的小区处理采用随机区组排列,小区面积50平方米,4次重复。施药处理7天后采用随机五点取样法进行调查,并采用病情指数法计算各处理的防效。结果见下表5。
病害分级标准如下:
0级:无病斑;
1级:病斑面积占整叶面积的5%以下;
3级:病斑面积占整叶面积的6%~15%;
5级:病斑面积占整叶面积的16%~25%;
7级:病斑面积占整叶面积的26%~50%;
9级:病斑面积占整叶面积的50%以上。
防效计算方法为:
表5 黄瓜霜霉病田间药效试验结果
田间试验结果显示,本发明药剂对黄瓜霜霉病的防效明显高于对照药剂,说明本发明药剂能够有效防治田间黄瓜霜霉病。
本发明已经通过具体的实施方式进行了描述。本领域技术人员可以借鉴本发明的内容适当改变配方,其相关改变都没有脱离本发明的精神,所有类似的替换和改动均被视为包括在本发明的范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种杀菌组合物在防治植物病害中的用途,其特征在于,
所述杀菌组合物的组分及其重量百分含量为:吡唑醚菌酯 3.5%、咯菌腈0.5%、甲霜灵10%、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐6%、三硅氧烷聚氧乙烯醚6%、丙二醇2%、磷酸异丁酯、水余量:
所述植物病害选自黄瓜霜霉病。
2.一种防治植物病害的方法,包括向植物或植物生长部位施用杀菌组合物,其中,
所述杀菌组合物的组分及其重量百分含量为:吡唑醚菌酯 3.5%、咯菌腈0.5%、甲霜灵10%、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐6%、三硅氧烷聚氧乙烯醚6%、丙二醇2%、磷酸异丁酯、水余量:
所述植物病害选自黄瓜霜霉病。
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