CN105944005A - 一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105944005A
CN105944005A CN201610511480.7A CN201610511480A CN105944005A CN 105944005 A CN105944005 A CN 105944005A CN 201610511480 A CN201610511480 A CN 201610511480A CN 105944005 A CN105944005 A CN 105944005A
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孙奉生
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂及制备方法,属中药领域;本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成为:赤楠、春砂仁、钓兰、草果药、百蕊草、桔梗、降香、巴掌草、半枝莲、杯苋、长杆兰、糙苏、车前草、豆蔻、博落回和川楝子;本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有清热解毒、祛风消肿、散寒燥湿之功效,对治疗胸腔积液具有显著的疗效,疗程短,见效快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,服用方便,成本较低,值得广泛推广应用。

Description

一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂及制备方法
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂及制备方法。
背景技术
任何原因导致胸膜腔内出现过多的液体称胸腔积液,俗称胸水。我们常说胸腔积液,实际上是胸膜腔积液。正常人胸膜腔内有3ml~15ml液体,在呼吸运动时起润滑作用,但胸膜腔中的积液量并非固定不变。即使是正常人,每24小时亦有500ml~1000ml的液体形成与吸收。胸膜腔内液体自毛细血管的静脉端再吸收,其余的液体由淋巴系统回收至血液,滤过与吸收处于动态平衡。若由于全身或局部病变破坏了此种动态平衡,致使胸膜腔内液体形成过快或吸收过缓,临床产生胸腔积液。按照胸腔积液的特点分类,可以将胸腔积液分为漏出液、渗出液、脓胸、血胸、乳糜胸。
结核性胸膜炎多见于青年人,常有发热。中老年人出现胸腔积液,应提高警惕,可能是恶性病变。炎性积液多为渗出性,常伴有胸痛及发热。由心力衰竭所致胸腔积液为漏出液。肝脓肿所伴右侧胸腔积液可为反应性胸膜炎,亦可为脓胸。积液量少于0.3升时症状多不明显;若超过0.5升,患者可感到胸闷。医生在给患者进行体格检查时,会发现局部叩击呈浊音,呼吸的声音减低。积液量多时,两层胸膜隔开,不再随呼吸摩擦,胸痛亦渐缓解,但呼吸困难会逐渐加剧。若积液进一步增大,使纵隔脏器受压,患者会出现明显的心悸及呼吸困难。
中药作为我国传统医学,在治疗胸腔积液方面具有悠久的历史,因此选择一种中药制剂来治疗胸腔积液能彻底解决胸腔积液给患者带来的痛苦。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂及制备方法;本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有清热解毒、祛风消肿、散寒燥湿之功效,对治疗胸腔积液具有显著的疗效,疗程短,见效快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,服用方便,成本较低,值得广泛推广应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂,制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将赤楠、春砂仁、桔梗、半枝莲、杯苋、长杆兰、糙苏、豆蔻和川楝子洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.11~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(2)将钓兰、草果药、降香和博落回放入容器内,进行粉碎处理,研末,过160目细粉,备用;
(3)将百蕊草洗净,浸入2倍量的50%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.10~1.14的稠膏,备用;
(4)将巴掌草和车前草洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)~(4)所制得的稠膏、细粉以及汁液混合,制成胶囊,即得所述的治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
赤楠:味甘、微苦、辛,性平;归肾、脾、肝经。健脾利湿,平喘,散瘀消肿。主喘咳,浮肿,淋浊,尿路结石,痢疾,肝炎,子宫脱垂,风湿痛,疝气,睾丸炎,痔疮,痈肿,水火烫伤,跌打肿痛。《广西药植名录》载:“治汤火伤,跌打,治手指疮。”
春砂仁;味辛、温,归脾、胃、肾三经。行气和中,和胃醒脾,收敛止泻,理气安胎,芳香燥湿,宽胸健胃。主用于脾胃气滞或中气不足所致的多种消化道症候,如胸膈胀满,气滞食积,呕吐泄泻,饮食少进;或脾胃虚弱,冷滑下痢不禁;或妊娠呕吐,胎动不安,先兆流产。
钓兰:味甘、酸,性凉。清热,去瘀,消肿,解毒。治咳嗽,声哑,吐血,经闭,跌打损伤,痈疽肿毒,聤耳,牙痛。《南宁市药物志》载:“清热去瘀。治声嘶喉哑、咳嗽;取汁洗涤耳流脓;捣烂填患处,治牙痛。”
草果药:味辛、微苦,性温;归肝、胃经。温中散寒,理气消食。主治胃寒,脘腹疼痛,食积腹胀,寒疝腹痛。《昆明民间常用草药》载:“散寒止痛,宽中理气。治胃寒疼痛,呕吐,寒疝气痛。”
百蕊草:味辛、苦、涩,性平。清热解毒,解署。用于肠炎,肺脓疡,扁桃体炎,中署,急性乳腺炎,淋巴结结核,急性膀胱炎,上呼吸道感染,肾虚腰痛,头昏,遗精,滑精。《贵州民间方药集》载:“治头昏体弱,腰痛,遗精,滑精。”
桔梗:味苦、辛,性平;归肺经。宣肺,利咽,祛痰,排脓。用于咳嗽痰多,胸闷不畅,咽痛,音哑,肺痈吐脓,疮疡脓成不溃。《李杲》载:“利胸膈,(治)咽喉气壅及痛,破滞气及积块,(除)肺部风热,清利头目,利窍。”
降香:味辛,性温,无毒;归肝、脾、肺、心经。活血散瘀,止血定痛,降气,辟秽。主胸胁疼痛,跌打损伤,创伤出血,以及寒疝疼痛或秽浊内阻之呕吐腹痛。《纲目》载:“疗折伤金疮,止血定痛,消肿生肌。”
巴掌草:味苦、酸,性平。止咳平喘,祛风止痛。用于肺结核,支气管炎,哮喘,风湿骨痛,类风湿关节炎,慢性胃痛,肠胃炎。
半枝莲:味辛、苦,性寒;归肺、肝、肾经。清热解毒,化瘀利尿。用于疔疮肿毒,咽喉肿痛,毒蛇咬伤,跌扑伤痛,水肿,黄疸。现代医学研究证实,半枝莲50%煎剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、福氏痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌有抑制作用。
杯苋:味苦,性凉。清热解毒,活血散瘀。主痈疮肿毒,毒蛇咬伤,跌打瘀肿。《海南岛常用中草药手册》载:“消肿,止痛,拔弹,除诸毒。治各种蛇咬伤,肝脾肿大,子弹入肉。”
长杆兰:味苦,性平。清热解毒,祛风利湿。主治热淋,黄疸,水肿,脚气浮肿,疝气腹痛,风湿痹痛,毒蛇咬伤,疮痈肿毒,跌打损伤。《云南思茅中草药选》载:“清热解毒,祛风湿,消炎,利尿。治风湿性腰腿痛,胃痛,尿路感染,脚气水肿,食物中毒。”
糙苏:味辛,性温。清热消肿,祛风活络,强筋壮骨,消肿。用于感冒,风湿关节痛,腰痛,跌打损伤,疮疖肿毒。
车前草:味甘、淡,性微寒;归肺、肝、肾、膀胱经。《药性沦》载,“能去风毒,肝中风热,毒风冲眼目,赤痛障翳,脑痛泪出,去心胸烦热”。现代医学研究证实,车前草具有清热利尿,凉血,解毒的作用。
豆蔻:味辛,性热;归肺、脾、胃经。散寒燥湿,解酒毒,化湿消痞,行气温中,开胃消食。用于湿浊中阻,不思饮食,湿温初起,胸闷不饥,寒湿呕逆,胸腹胀痛,食积不消。《本草原始》载:“补脾胃,磨积滞,调散冷气甚速,虚弱不能饮食者最宜,兼解酒毒。”
博落回:味苦,性寒,有大毒。祛风解毒,散瘀消肿。用于跌打损伤,风湿关节痛,痈疖肿毒,下肢溃疡,指疔,脓肿,急性扁桃体炎,中耳炎,滴虫性阴道炎,烫伤,顽癣。《江西民间草药》载:“治臁疮,顽癣,白秃子,以叶浸醋内七、八日,杵烂敷患处,一日一换。”现代医学研究证实,博落回中的三种生物碱,有杀线虫作用,对某些细菌及真菌也有抑制效力。
川楝子:味苦,性寒,有小毒;归肝、小肠、膀胱经。除湿热,清肝火,止痛,杀虫。治热厥心痛,胁痛,疝痛,虫积腹痛。《本革求原》载:“治淋病茎痛引胁,遗精,积聚,诸逆冲上,溲下血,头痛,牙宣出血,杀虫。”
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有清热解毒、祛风消肿、散寒燥湿之功效,对治疗胸腔积液具有显著的疗效,疗程短,见效快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,服用方便,成本较低,值得广泛推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将赤楠、春砂仁、桔梗、半枝莲、杯苋、长杆兰、糙苏、豆蔻和川楝子洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.11~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(2)将钓兰、草果药、降香和博落回放入容器内,进行粉碎处理,研末,过160目筛得细粉,备用;
(3)将百蕊草洗净,浸入2倍量的50%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.10~1.14的稠膏,备用;
(4)将巴掌草和车前草洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)~(4)所制得的稠膏、细粉以及汁液混合,制成胶囊,即得本发明所述的治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂。
用法用量:口服即可,每日2次,早晚各1次,每次2粒(每粒0.5g),饭后温开水送服;8天为1个疗程,2~3个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
实施例2
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例4
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例5
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
1、病例选择:
作为治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂,选择确诊的胸腔积液患者220例临床观察,病人随机分成治疗组和对照组两组,治疗组110例,其中男性55例,女性55例,年龄30~75岁,平均年龄52.5岁,平均病程1年;对照组110例,其中男性55例,女性55例,年龄31~74岁,平均年龄52.5岁,平均病程1年。
治疗组和对照组两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
2、药物选择:
治疗组服用本发明中药制剂,每日2次,早晚各1次,每次2粒(每粒0.5g),饭后温开水送服;8天为1个疗程,连续服用2~3个疗程,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
对照组使用博来霉素,成人肌内、静脉及动脉注射一次15mg,每日1次或每周2~3次,总量不超过400mg。
3、疗效判定:
(1)治愈:主要症状全部消失,CT检查胸腔恢复正常。
(2)显效:主要症状明显减轻,CT检查胸腔明显恢复。
(3)有效:主要症状有所减轻,CT检查胸腔有所恢复。
(4)无效:通过治疗后主要症状无减轻或加重。
4、结果:
选用本发明中药制剂的治疗组中,治愈67例,显效28例,有效13例,无效2例,治愈率60.9%,总有效率98.2%。
对照组中治愈53例,显效24例,有效10例,无效23例,治愈率48.2%,总有效率79.1%。
以上结果显示,治疗组的治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
典型病例举例:
1、姚某,女,32岁,浙江嘉兴人。患者自述半年前出现左肋痛,严重时候侧睡加重,在医院拍片诊断为胸腔积液,服用过多种药物治疗,有所缓解,但仍未能根治,经朋友推荐服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状明显减轻,继续服2个疗程后,症状全部消失,痊愈,随访至今无复发。
2、谭某,男,40岁,山东泰安人。患者咳嗽、胸部不适,去医院做CT检查,确诊为胸腔积液,给予本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状有所缓解,继续服用2个疗程后,症状消失,痊愈,1年后随访无复发。
3、廖某,男,51岁,江苏连云港人。患者右肺癌手术切除后引起气胸、胸腔积液,抽液后注入头饱消炎,虽有好转,但易复发,经人介绍来我院就诊,服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,不适症状减轻,服用3个疗程后,症状全部消失,痊愈,半年后复查无复发。
4、邹某,男,63岁,河北邯郸人。患者因气喘严重,去医院检查,左肺密度增高灶,肺不张,心包增厚,双肺及心包胸腔积液,给予服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状有所缓解,继续服用2个疗程后,症状消失,经检查胸腔恢复正常,随访至今无复发。
5、熊某,女,70岁,辽宁大连人。患者自诉10年前乳腺癌手术,现转移肺部,引起右肺胸腔积液7.0cm,服药治疗1个月未有效果,经人介绍,服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状明显好转,继续服用2个疗程后,症状全部消失,1年后随访未复发。
6、史某,女,54岁,黑龙江大庆人。患者因咳嗽,检查患胸腔积液,抽了3次。液血色。住院用西药治疗了一段时间,效果一般,后服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状有所减轻,服用3个疗程后,症状消失,痊愈,半年后随访无复发。

Claims (5)

1.一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
5.一种如权利要求1~4任一项所述治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将赤楠、春砂仁、桔梗、半枝莲、杯苋、长杆兰、糙苏、豆蔻和川楝子洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.11~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(2)将钓兰、草果药、降香和博落回放入容器内,进行粉碎处理,研末,过160目筛得细粉,备用;
(3)将百蕊草洗净,浸入2倍量的50%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.10~1.14的稠膏,备用;
(4)将巴掌草和车前草洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)~(4)所制得的稠膏、细粉以及汁液混合,制成胶囊,即得所述的治疗胸腔积液的中药制剂。
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