CN105932861A - Duty ratio control circuit and control method for CT power-taking power supply - Google Patents
Duty ratio control circuit and control method for CT power-taking power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN105932861A CN105932861A CN201610479246.0A CN201610479246A CN105932861A CN 105932861 A CN105932861 A CN 105932861A CN 201610479246 A CN201610479246 A CN 201610479246A CN 105932861 A CN105932861 A CN 105932861A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
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- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a duty ratio control circuit and a control method for a CT power-taking power supply. The duty ratio control circuit comprises a PWM circuit, wherein the output ends of an input voltage sampling circuit, an output voltage sampling circuit and an output current sampling circuit are connected with the analog quantity input end of a microcontroller through a wire; and the output end of the microcontroller is connected with the switch control end wire of the PWM circuit through a wire. By adoption of the duty ratio control circuit and the control method, the following problems existing in the prior art can be solved: the obtained energy by a high-voltage power-taking method cannot be transmitted to a lower-voltage end, so that many limitations in use are caused; the power obtained from an overhead anti-thunder grounding line is unstable and weak; if the power needs to be increased, the weight of the power-taking iron core needs to be increased as well, so that the safety of the power transmission line is affected consequently; when the CT operates in the alternating current, the power supply has quite high fluctuations; if the energy storage function of the rectifying capacitor is implemented, the time constant of the control system is quite high; and various kinds of shortcomings and technical problems, such as a complicated system, high requirement on hardware, low tracking speed, high perturbation and the like, exist in the CT power-taking technology when the current common algorithms, such as a perturbation and observation method, a conductance increment method, a fuzzy logic control method and the like, are adopted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to PWM switch power efficiency control technology, particularly relate to a kind of dutycycle control for CT power taking power supply
Circuit processed and control method.
Background technology
At present, in transmission line of electricity on-line monitoring, the power supply of equipment is always a more stubborn problem, adopts under regular situation
Be photovoltaic power taking or wind energy power taking, but both ways to take power are highly prone to the impact of external environment condition, particularly in winter,
For a long time cloudy day snow sky all can be substantially reduced the power taking ability of above-mentioned power supply, produces bigger manpower and maintenance cost, therefore from
The power taking of power line own is the main thought solving on-line monitoring power supply unit at present.Two kinds of ways are had from the power taking of electric current line own
Footpath, one is that high pressure takes energy, and two is acquisition energy from built on stilts lightning protection ground wire.From high-voltage line take can the most comparative maturity, but
It is owing to taken energy has no idea to deliver to low-pressure end, so receiving a lot of restriction on Shi Yonging.Thus ground wire energy taking device becomes
Solve a kind of new thinking of current power transmission circuit on-line monitoring equipment powerup issue, although from big principle, ground wire coupling
Conjunction can have similarity with high pressure coupling energy taking in principle, but high pressure coupling energy taking is owing to being arranged on power transmission line, and defeated
Electric current on electric wire is general all at more than 40 to 50A, and therefore taking for high pressure can be from the point of view of technology, it is considered to be primarily not power taking
Efficiency, but how equipment trouble free service problem under big current conditions.But ground wire take can then on the contrary, due to
Induced-current on ground wire belongs to secondary sensing, seldom has more than the ground line current of 40A, and most of the time ground line current is only
About 10A, the induced electricity therefore induced by power taking iron core has several feature: one is unstable, but energy is on the weak side.Cause
This, want to take out bigger available horsepower from the least ground line current and use the weight increasing power taking iron core, exist theoretically
Under the conditions of same ground line current, the iron core total amount power output that doubles doubles, but so can increase the load-bearing of ground wire,
The safety of transmission line of electricity is likely to result in negative effect, and therefore the weight of iron core must control in certain scope, and CT work
Making in alternating current, power supply fluctuation itself is big, and the energy storage effect of commutation capacitor is that control system time constant is very big, current
Algorithms most in use, such as disturbance observation, conductance increment method, fuzzy logic control method etc., exist in CT power taking technology various not
Foot, exists or system complex, and hardware requirement is high, or follows the tracks of the technical problems such as slow, disturbance is big.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of control circuit of duty ratio for CT power taking power supply and control method,
Use high pressure power taking to there is taken energy with solution prior art to have no idea to deliver to low-pressure end, on using, receive a lot of restriction
On the weak side with the instability and energy obtaining energy existence on built on stilts lightning protection ground wire, increase power and must increase the weight shadow of power taking iron core
Ringing transmission line of electricity safety, and CT is operated in alternating current, power supply fluctuation itself is big, and the energy storage effect of commutation capacitor is control
System time constant processed is very big, current algorithms most in use, such as disturbance observation, conductance increment method, fuzzy logic control method etc.,
There is various deficiency in CT power taking technology, exist or system complex, hardware requirement is high, or tracking is slow, disturbance is big
The technical problems such as technical problem.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of control circuit of duty ratio for CT power taking power supply, it includes pwm circuit, input voltage sample circuit,
The output of output voltage sampling circuit and output current sampling circuit and the analog input of microcontroller
End wire connects, and the output of microcontroller is connected with the switch control terminal wire of pwm circuit.
Output current sampling circuit includes sampling resistor R and two-stage calculation amplifier, first order amplifier and its peripheral resistance
Constituting sampling and amplifying circuit, second level amplifier uses emitter follower circuit structure.
Pwm circuit is the pwm circuit with buck function.
A kind of Duty ratio control method of the control circuit of duty ratio for CT power taking power supply, it includes:
Step 1, set PWM n-th regulation before dutycycle be P (n 1) as D (n 1), PWM power output, n-th
The dutycycle that secondary regulation is given be the power output of D (n), PWM be Pn;
Step 2, power increment Δ P (n)=P (n) P (n 1) of front twice regulation of calculating;
Step 3, dutycycle increment Delta D (n)=D (n) D (n 1) of front twice regulation of calculating;
Step 4, power duty cycle slope of curve K (n)=Δ P (n)/Δ D (n) of front twice point of adjustment of calculating;
Step 5, calculating next step dutycycle increment Delta D (n+1)=C*K (n), in formula, C is conversion factor;
Step 6, calculate next step regulation (n+1 time) dutycycle output valve D (n+1)=D (n)+Δ D (n+1).
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Invention which are intended primarily for PWM switch power efficiency to control, make power-supply device change at any input, output parameter
In the case of, by the control of the dutycycle to PWM, make load can obtain peak power from power supply, i.e. complete maximum power point
Follow the tracks of (MPPT) function.And slope/step-length conversion factor C using the feature considering CT power taking to introduce in algorithm, make MPPT
Being used successfully to CT power taking, the fixed step size of more conventional power perturbation method is followed the tracks of, and has faster tracking velocity and precision.
It is suitable for power supply limited the highlighting of power and fluctuates frequently, the application of output loading approximate constant voltage (battery floating charge is standby)
Environment.
The present invention samples the pwm circuit of BUCK performance, and the opening and closing of its switch control rule pin is controlled by a microcontroller;Micro-control
Device processed measures the power output of power supply in real time by output current sampling circuit and output voltage sampling circuit, simultaneously by input electricity
Pressure sample circuit detects the change of input voltage in real time, when input voltage value is less than setting value, and microprocessor control PWM electricity
Way switch pilot angle reduces the dutycycle of pwm circuit opening time, reduces output average current value and has reduced the defeated of power supply
Going out the purpose of power, after input voltage gos up, microcontroller reaches to promote output further through the output duty cycle improving PWM
The purpose of power, the adjustment that output controls all controls at Microsecond grade, thus can with the input of dynamic regulating circuit and outlet chamber
Join.
May determine that whether output occurs in that over-current phenomenon avoidance by the measurement of output voltage and output electric current simultaneously, work as output voltage drop
Low to certain value, the rising of output electric current occurs simultaneously, then microcontroller can be by regulation PWM switch control rule average output current.
Thus realize the protection of output short-circuit.
The present invention is based on power/dutycycle tracking slope method, and it is the improvement of a kind of dutycycle method of perturbation.
Dutycycle method of perturbation (Duty Ratio Perturbation, DRP) directly using dutycycle as controlling parameter, only need a control
Circulation processed can realize MPPT maximum power point tracking.This method, by the most current power output with the previous control cycle, determines
Increase and still reduce dutycycle.But similar with disturbance observation, this method equally exists the select permeability of disturbance step sizes.
The select permeability that the present invention is directed to disturbance step sizes uses the power/dutycycle slope in front secondary control cycle to calculate control step
Long direction and size, replace prior art and carry out criterion adjustment direction simultaneously need to provide step-length by power increase change.
The present invention calculates according to the changed power that a front duty cycle adjustment causes and provides dutycycle output next time, and this is defeated
The changed power caused gone out the most again give continue after regulation provide foundation;
Inventive control algorithm calculates with the slope meter of current twice power points of power curve the controlling value of needs, i.e. adjusts
Direction and step-length, this is greatly improved tracking velocity and reduces the fluctuation near maximum power point.
Inventive algorithm adds conversion factor C, by the special Points And lines of CT power taking in the MPPT algorithm of conventional variable step
Line state introduces as parameter, makes MPPT algorithm can meet the characteristic of CT power taking power circuit;
Solving prior art uses high pressure power taking the taken energy of existence to have no idea to deliver to low-pressure end, receives a lot of restriction on using
On the weak side with the instability and energy obtaining energy existence on built on stilts lightning protection ground wire, increase power and must increase the weight shadow of power taking iron core
Ringing transmission line of electricity safety, and CT is operated in alternating current, power supply fluctuation itself is big, and the energy storage effect of commutation capacitor is control
System time constant processed is very big, current algorithms most in use, such as disturbance observation, conductance increment method, fuzzy logic control method etc.,
There is various deficiency in CT power taking technology, exist or system complex, hardware requirement is high, or tracking is slow, disturbance is big
The technical problems such as technical problem.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is power duty cycle characteristic curve schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention electrical block diagram.
Detailed description of the invention:
A kind of control circuit of duty ratio for CT power taking power supply, it includes pwm circuit, input voltage sampling electricity
The output of road, output voltage sampling circuit and output current sampling circuit and the analog input end of microcontroller
Wire connects, and the output of microcontroller is connected with the switch control terminal wire of pwm circuit.
Output current sampling circuit includes sampling resistor R and two-stage calculation amplifier, first order amplifier and its peripheral resistance structure
Becoming sampling and amplifying circuit, second level amplifier uses emitter follower circuit structure.
Pwm circuit is the pwm circuit with buck function.
The output switch of the pwm circuit with BUCK function controls pin and receives a delivery outlet of microcontroller, microcontroller
By input voltage sample circuit, output voltage sampling circuit, output current sampling circuit obtain circuit input voltage vin,
Output voltage Vout, output electric current Iout.Opening of PWM is regulated by the change of monitoring input voltage and the change of power output
Close frequency, thus realize the coupling of input and output.
By gathering output voltage and the output electric current of pwm circuit respectively, microcontroller is by output electric current and output voltage
Value judges, when exporting electric current more than output limit value, microcontroller can be automatically adjusted the duty cycle of switching of PWM, reduces
Average output current.Additionally, automatically adjust PWM when output voltage also can trigger microcontroller less than the lower limit of its voltage setting value
Output duty cycle, when output voltage is entirely 0, microcontroller opening and closing dutycycle just can reach 1:99 so that output
Average current drops near 0, thus has reached the purpose of output short circuit protection.After the short circuit phenomenon of output disappears, Vout
Terminal voltage is recovered, and microcontroller automatically reverts to again, to the control of PWM, the normal condition that power is followed.
Output current sampling circuit is made up of sampling resistor and two-stage calculation amplifier, wherein first order amplifier and its peripheral electricity
Resistance constitutes sampling and enlarging function, and second level amplifier uses emitter follower circuit structure, it is ensured that microcontroller A/D samples
The high impedance of input.Improve sampling precision and the range of linearity of current signal.
A kind of Duty ratio control method of the control circuit of duty ratio for CT power taking power supply, it includes:
Step 1, set PWM n-th regulation before dutycycle be P (n 1) as D (n 1), PWM power output, n-th
The dutycycle that secondary regulation is given be the power output of D (n), PWM be Pn;
Step 2, power increment Δ P (n)=P (n) P (n 1) of front twice regulation of calculating;
Step 3, dutycycle increment Delta D (n)=D (n) D (n 1) of front twice regulation of calculating;
Step 4, power duty cycle slope of curve K (n)=Δ P (n)/Δ D (n) of front twice point of adjustment of calculating;
Step 5, calculating next step dutycycle increment Delta D (n+1)=C*K (n), in formula, C is conversion factor;
Step 6, calculate next step regulation (n+1 time) dutycycle output valve D (n+1)=D (n)+Δ D (n+1).
Because the polarity of any point slope at monotonous curve, always tend to extreme point direction, make increasing amount adjustment dutycycle with this,
Operating point can be made close mobile to maximum power point.
N+1 time regulation after can obtain again responding power, according to above-mentioned algorithm just can obtain continue after regulated value, make dutycycle the most past
Obtaining peak power direction to adjust, the most any Parameters variation, can be to realize maximal power tracing.
The slope of the step-length direct ratio changed power that additionally dutycycle incremental computations i.e. regulates, this had both improve the speed of tracking, had carried again
The high precision followed the tracks of.
Above-mentioned algorithm can pass through programming realization, can set P (0)=0, D (0)=0, D (1)=Co (dutycycle initial value) after program initialization, defeated
After going out Co, so that it may enter and control circulation.
Specifically regulation is as shown in Figure 2: before being located at n-th adjustment, and the dutycycle of PWM is that corresponding this of D (n 1), PWM sees sky
The power output of ratio is P (n 1), and it is P (n) that n-th adjusts the output responding power that dutycycle is D (n), PWM provided.
This regulation generation makes power curve operating point move on to P (n) from P (n 1).This section of slope of a curve is negative, obtains one through conversion factor
Individual duty cycle adjustment negative increment, makes operating point move to left to maximum power point Pm.
When operating point is close to Pm, slope nearly zero, its increment nearly zero adjusted.
The change of any operational factor all can make operating point deviate Pm, and adjusts through algorithm, and operating point is always progressively leaned on to Pm
Closely.
Technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the present embodiment by concrete circuit structure:
See Fig. 3:
In this example, it is made up of CPU, PWM mu balanced circuit, output current sample and filter amplification circuit three part.
The course of work of whole circuit is as follows:
By switching power source chip VT1, Schottky diode V12, charging inductance L1, output filter capacitor C2, constitute
The output oscillation circuit of PWM mu balanced circuit, is constituted the output backfeed loop of PWM mu balanced circuit by R3, R4, logical
Cross and adjust the value of R3, R4 and can adjust the voltage stabilizing value of voltage VOUT of output.C1 filters as the input of PWM mu balanced circuit
Ripple electric capacity has the effect reducing input nonlinearities.R7 is output current sampling resistor, and output electric current can produce at two ends when flowing through R7
Raw voltage, this voltage by the filtering and amplifying circuit being made up of operational amplifier D2, resistance R8, R9, R10 and electric capacity C3,
The weak signal of several millivolt level on R7 two ends is made to become hundreds of millivolt strong signal to several volts.The amplification signal of D2 output is through by electricity
The low pass filter of resistance R10, C4 composition, removes the higher hamonic wave in sampled signal.Then it is made up of amplifier D1 by one
Voltage follower output, the output signal of voltage follower is nursing one's health CPU through the bleeder circuit that is made up of R11, R12
AD sampling pin acceptable voltage range after send into CPU.Simultaneously CPU Gather and input voltage VIN value (by R1,
R2 sends into after carrying out dividing potential drop), the value (sending into after carrying out dividing potential drop by R5, R6) of output voltage VO UT.
CPU calculates power output by said method collection output electric current and output voltage, coordinates the monitoring to input voltage change, warp
MPPT algorithm is controlled the dutycycle of the low and high level of CTRL pin by the requirement of maximal power tracing, and the output of this signal is delivered to
The switch control rule pin ON of VT1, in order to control the open and-shut mode of VT1, to realize the MPPT maximum power point tracking function of system.
Claims (4)
1., for a control circuit of duty ratio for CT power taking power supply, it includes pwm circuit, it is characterised in that: input
Voltage sampling circuit, output voltage sampling circuit and the output of output current sampling circuit and microcontroller
Analog input end wire connect, the output of microcontroller is led with the switch control terminal of pwm circuit
Line connects.
A kind of control circuit of duty ratio for CT power taking power supply the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: defeated
Go out current sampling circuit and include sampling resistor R and two-stage calculation amplifier, first order amplifier and its peripheral resistance structure
Becoming sampling and amplifying circuit, second level amplifier uses emitter follower circuit structure.
A kind of control circuit of duty ratio for CT power taking power supply the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Pwm circuit is the pwm circuit with buck function.
4. being used for a Duty ratio control method for the control circuit of duty ratio of CT power taking power supply, it includes:
Step 1, set PWM n-th regulation before dutycycle be P (n 1) as D (n 1), PWM power output, n-th
The dutycycle that secondary regulation is given be the power output of D (n), PWM be Pn;
Step 2, power increment Δ P (n)=P (n) P (n 1) of front twice regulation of calculating;
Step 3, dutycycle increment Delta D (n)=D (n) D (n 1) of front twice regulation of calculating;
Step 4, power duty cycle slope of curve K (n)=Δ P (n)/Δ D (n) of front twice point of adjustment of calculating;
Step 5, calculating next step dutycycle increment Delta D (n+1)=C*K (n), in formula, C is conversion factor;
Step 6, calculate next step regulation (n+1 time) dutycycle output valve D (n+1)=D (n)+Δ D (n+1).
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CN109917844A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-06-21 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of extreme value following method of the adaptive weighted modulated signal based on photovoltaic system |
CN114003082A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 平高集团智能电力科技有限公司 | CT energy obtaining method and device based on maximum power point tracking and CT energy obtaining system |
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