CN103744465A - Maximum power tracking method and device for photovoltaic array - Google Patents
Maximum power tracking method and device for photovoltaic array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A maximum power tracking method for a photovoltaic array comprises the following steps: (1) collecting the temperature, illumination, output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic array, and obtaining a corresponding voltage difference and a corresponding current difference; (2) obtaining a power difference value, judging whether the power difference value is larger than a preset threshold value or not, if the power difference value is larger than the preset threshold value, executing the step (3), and if the power difference value is not larger than the preset threshold value, executing the step (4); (3) adopting a short circuit current method to obtain the error value between the maximum power point current and the output current, generating a control signal, and executing the step (5); (4) obtaining the conductance incremental quantity, calculating a variable step size value, generating a control signal and executing the step (5); (5) according to the control signal, adjusting the output voltage, output current and load power of the photovoltaic array in real time, and completing maximum power tracking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of new energies, relate in particular to a kind of short-circuit current method that adopts in conjunction with photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method and the device of variable step conductance increment method.
Background technology
Along with the consumption of the energy, regenerative resource receives increasing concern, and in numerous regenerative resources, luminous energy is renewable, pollution-free with it, the amount of containing is subject to greatly and more and more people's favor.But photovoltaic array output power changes with the change of external environment condition and load, generally utilization factor is not high, need to follow the tracks of to improve to its peak power the utilization factor of photovoltaic array.At present conventional photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method has open-loop method and closed-loop policy.
Open-loop method mainly contains open-circuit voltage method and short-circuit current method.Open-circuit voltage method or short-circuit current method utilize open-circuit voltage or short-circuit current and maximum power point voltage or maximum power point electric current to be approximated to proportionate relationship, carry out maximal power tracing.This class methods tracking velocity is fast, but the output characteristics of photovoltaic array is had to stronger dependence, the tracking that can only be similar to, and efficiency is not high; When open circuit, there is instantaneous power loss, measurement parameter more complicated during short circuit.
Closed-loop policy is thanksed for your hospitality moving observation and conductance increment method, and this class algorithm utilizes under the condition of normal illumination, and the output P-U family curve of photovoltaic array is one and take the unimodal value function that maximum power point is extreme point, as shown in Figure 1; At maximum power point, there is dP/dU=0 at place, by meeting dP/dU=0 from optimizing.But when external environment generation great change, or photovoltaic array is during by partial occlusion, and said method may produce vibration or erroneous judgement, therefore can not well complete the tracking of peak power.
Therefore, need to propose a kind of new photovoltaic array maximal power tracing mode, to improve the utilization factor of photovoltaic array, accelerate the speed of tracking photovoltaic array peak power, the oscillation of power of minimizing in following the tracks of peak power point process, also improve the utilization factor of sun power.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to address the above problem, a kind of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method and device are provided, by the position of sensor inspected object, positional information is carried out to analog-to-digital conversion process, again the data after transforming are carried out to calculation process, by its linearization, quantification, finally the object space information data after processing is offered to external unit.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method, comprise the steps: that (1) gathers temperature, illumination, output voltage and the output current of photovoltaic array, obtains respective electrical pressure reduction and difference between current; (2) obtain power difference, and judge whether described power difference is greater than a predetermined threshold value, if be greater than predetermined threshold value, perform step (3), otherwise execution step (4); (3) adopt short-circuit current method to obtain the error amount between maximum power point electric current and output current, generate control signal execution step (5); (4) obtain conductance increment, and calculate variable step size value, generate control signal execution step (5); (5) according to control signal, regulate in real time output voltage, output current and the bearing power of photovoltaic array, complete maximal power tracing.
For achieving the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device, comprising: dsp processor, judge module, short-circuit current processing module, conductance increment processing module and electronic power switching circuit; Described dsp processor is connected with photovoltaic array, for gathering temperature, illumination, output voltage and the output current of photovoltaic array, obtains respective electrical pressure reduction and difference between current; Described judge module is connected with described dsp processor, for obtaining power difference, and judges whether described power difference is greater than a predetermined threshold value, if be greater than predetermined threshold value, calls short-circuit current processing module, otherwise calls conductance increment processing module; Described short-circuit current processing module is connected with described dsp processor and judge module, for adopting short-circuit current method to obtain the error amount between maximum power point electric current and output current, generates control signal and is sent to electronic power switching circuit; Described conductance increment processing module is connected with described dsp processor and judge module, for obtaining conductance increment, and calculates variable step size value, generates control signal and is sent to electronic power switching circuit; Described electronic power switching circuit is connected with load, for according to the dutycycle of the electronic power switch of described control signal regulating circuit, regulates in real time output voltage, output current and the bearing power of photovoltaic array, completes maximal power tracing.
The good effect of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method of the present invention and device is: the present invention utilizes the quick tracking photovoltaic array peak power of short-circuit current method, when external environment generation great change, also can reduce the erroneous judgement to photovoltaic array peak power; In conjunction with variable step conductance increment method, reduce the oscillation of power in tracking photovoltaic array peak power process, particularly in the vibration of maximum power point vicinity, improve on the whole the utilization factor of photovoltaic array electric energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the output P-U family curve of photovoltaic array;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the configuration diagram of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that the present invention realizes maximal power tracing;
Fig. 5 is system emulation circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a kind of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method of the present invention and device are elaborated.
Referring to Fig. 2, the process flow diagram of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method of the present invention.Electric current I m and the short-circuit current Isc at photovoltaic array maximum power point place under standard state exist approximate proportionate relationship, i.e. Im ≈ KIsc, and K is constant, is about 0.9; Therefore short-circuit current method can make working point trace into fast near photovoltaic array maximum power point; And when external environment generation great change, can react in time, follow the tracks of fast, reduce the erroneous judgement to photovoltaic array peak power.Variable step conductance increment method, in the process of disturbance, constantly changes disturbance step-length; When the conditions such as illumination, temperature are stablized, the point on photovoltaic array dP/dU-U curve is the characteristic slope of P-U; When working point from maximum power point away from time, slope is larger, now adopts larger step-length to follow the tracks of; When working point from maximum power point close to time, slope is less, now adopts less step-length; Therefore by the tracking strategy of this variable step, can improve tracking velocity, reduce the vibration of power in following the tracks of peak power process.Below in conjunction with 2 pairs of described methods of accompanying drawing, be elaborated.
S21: gather temperature, illumination, output voltage and the output current of photovoltaic array, obtain respective electrical pressure reduction and difference between current.
If the temperature of the photovoltaic array collecting is T, illumination, be that S, output voltage are that U and output current are I; Voltage difference △ U=U (K)-U (K-1), the output voltage that wherein U (K) is the current sampling period, the output voltage that U (K-1) is the last sampling period; Difference between current △ I=I (K)-I (K-1), the output current that wherein I (K) is the current sampling period, the output current that I (K-1) is the last sampling period.
S22: obtain power difference, and judge whether described power difference is greater than a predetermined threshold value, if be greater than predetermined threshold value, performs step S23, otherwise execution step S24.
Power difference △ P=P (K)-P (K-1)=△ U* △ I; Choose △ P=P (K)-P (K-1)=ε as the critical point of switching controls mode; ε is according to the default threshold value of accuracy requirement of following the tracks of, and can obtain by experiment.When from maximum power point away from or during external environment generation great change, be △ P > ε, mode of operation is switched to short-circuit current method, utilizes the advantage of the quick tracking photovoltaic array peak power of short-circuit current, follows the tracks of fast and reduce the generation of erroneous judgement.By the quick tracking of short-circuit current method, working point traces near maximum power point or when external environment stablizes, if △ P < is ε, mode of operation is switched to variable step conductance increment method, reduces near the vibration of power in tracing process maximum power point.
S23: adopt short-circuit current method to obtain the error amount between maximum power point electric current and output current, generate control signal and perform step S25.
Step S23 further comprises: 31) according to gathered temperature T, illumination S and the short-circuit current Isc that obtains in advance, calculate maximum power point electric current.The electric current I m ≈ KIsc at maximum power point place under standard state; Maximum power point electric current I ' m=Im*S/(Sref*(1+a*T ')); Wherein Sref is the illumination under standard conditions; A is that corrected parameter is 0.0025; T ' is environment temperature difference under photovoltaic array place environment temperature T and standard conditions.
32) more described maximum power point electric current I ' m and output current I, obtain error amount.I ' m and I are carried out to PI adjusting in real time, to realizing I ' m, follow the tracks of Im, when I=I ' m, U=U ' m, Pm=I ' m* U ' m completes maximal power tracing.
33), according to the difference of the output voltage of described error amount and current output voltage and maximum power point, generate control signal and perform step S25.If I ' m and I relatively after errors value be zero, the output current I of photovoltaic array with calculate maximum power point electric current I ' m equates, now working point is operated in photovoltaic array at maximum power point place, output power maximum.If error amount is non-vanishing, error amount compares by conversion and preset PWM carrier signal, and output control signal, controls the dutycycle that drives electronic power switch signal.Can be operated in maximum power point left side or right side by photovoltaic array output voltage judgement working point, if current output voltage is less than the output voltage of maximum power point, present operating point is in maximum power point left side, otherwise on right side.If present operating point is in maximum power point left side, error amount and carrier signal relatively after, dutycycle variable dD get on the occasion of, the control signal that output duty cycle is larger, i.e. D=D+dD; If present operating point is on maximum power point right side, error amount and carrier signal relatively after, dutycycle variable dD gets negative value, the control signal that output duty cycle is less, i.e. D=D-dD.
S24: obtain conductance increment, and calculate variable step size value, generate control signal and perform step S25.
Step S24 further comprises: 41) according to respective electrical pressure reduction and power difference, obtain conductance increment dP/dU=△ P/ △ U=I+U △ I/ △ U.
42) according to respective electrical pressure reduction and power difference, obtain variable step size value △ D=a △ P/ △ U, a is constant, can obtain by experiment.
43) judge whether described conductance increment is greater than zero, if be greater than zero, variable step size value is got on the occasion of generating corresponding control signal, otherwise variable step size value is got negative value generation corresponding control signal, and performs step S25.In the situation that adopting step-length very little, conductance increment dP/dU=△ P/ △ U=I+U △ I/ △ U; According to the unimodal value curve characteristic of the output of photovoltaic array shown in Fig. 1 P-U, when dP/dU=0, U △ U+I △ I=0, completes photovoltaic array maximal power tracing; If conductance increment dP/dU=I+U △ I/ △ U >0, present operating point is in maximum power point left side, variable step size value △ D get on the occasion of, the larger control signal of output step-length, i.e. △ U=U (K)+△ D; Otherwise, the less control signal of output step-length, i.e. △ U=U (K)-△ D.
S25: according to control signal, regulate in real time output voltage, output current and the bearing power of photovoltaic array, complete maximal power tracing.
The present invention utilizes the quick tracking photovoltaic array peak power of short-circuit current method, when external environment generation great change, can reduce the erroneous judgement to photovoltaic array peak power; In conjunction with variable step conductance increment method, reduce the oscillation of power in tracking photovoltaic array peak power process, particularly in the vibration of maximum power point vicinity, improve on the whole the utilization factor of photovoltaic array electric energy.
Referring to Fig. 3, the configuration diagram of photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device of the present invention, comprises dsp processor 31, judge module 32, short-circuit current processing module 33, conductance increment processing module 34 and electronic power switching circuit 35.
Described dsp processor 31 is connected with photovoltaic array 30, for gathering temperature, illumination, output voltage and the output current of photovoltaic array 30, obtains respective electrical pressure reduction and difference between current.If the temperature of the photovoltaic array collecting 30 is T, illumination, be that S, output voltage are that U and output current are I; Voltage difference △ U=U (K)-U (K-1), the output voltage that wherein U (K) is the current sampling period, the output voltage that U (K-1) is the last sampling period; Difference between current △ I=I (K)-I (K-1), the output current that wherein I (K) is the current sampling period, the output current that I (K-1) is the last sampling period.
Described judge module 32 is connected with described dsp processor 31, for obtaining power difference, and judges whether described power difference is greater than a predetermined threshold value, if be greater than predetermined threshold value, calls short-circuit current processing module 33, otherwise calls conductance increment processing module 34.
Power difference △ P=P (K)-P (K-1)=△ U* △ I; Choose △ P=P (K)-P (K-1)=ε as the critical point of switching controls mode; ε is according to the default threshold value of accuracy requirement of following the tracks of, and can obtain by experiment.When from maximum power point away from or during external environment generation great change, be △ P > ε, call short-circuit current processing module 33, mode of operation is switched to short-circuit current method, utilize the advantage of the quick tracking photovoltaic array peak power of short-circuit current, follow the tracks of fast and reduce the generation of erroneous judgement.By the quick tracking of short-circuit current method, working point traces near maximum power point or when external environment stablizes, if △ P < is ε, call conductance increment processing module 34, mode of operation is switched to variable step conductance increment method, reduces near the vibration of power in tracing process maximum power point.
Described short-circuit current processing module 33 is connected with described dsp processor 31 and judge module 32, for adopting short-circuit current method to obtain the error amount between maximum power point electric current and output current, generates control signal and is sent to electronic power switching circuit 35.
Described short-circuit current processing module 33 further comprises connected successively computing unit, comparing unit and the first generation unit (not shown).
Described computing unit, for according to gathered temperature, illumination and the short-circuit current that obtains in advance, calculates maximum power point electric current.The electric current I m ≈ KIsc at maximum power point place under standard state, Isc is short-circuit current, can obtain by experiment in advance; K is constant, is about 0.9.Real-time maximum power point electric current I ' m=Im*S/(Sref*(1+a*T ')); Wherein Sref is the illumination under standard conditions; A is that corrected parameter is 0.0025; T ' is environment temperature difference under photovoltaic array place environment temperature T and standard conditions.
Described comparing unit is for more described maximum power point electric current I ' m and output current I, obtain error amount.I ' m and I are carried out to PI adjusting in real time, to realizing I ' m, follow the tracks of Im, when I=I ' m, U=U ' m, Pm=I ' m* U ' m completes maximal power tracing.
Described the first generation unit, for according to the difference of the output voltage of described error amount and current output voltage and maximum power point, generates control signal and is sent to electronic power switching circuit 35.If I ' m and I relatively after errors value be zero, the output current I of photovoltaic array 30 with calculate maximum power point electric current I ' m equates, now working point is operated in photovoltaic array 30 at maximum power point place, output power maximum.If error amount is non-vanishing, error amount compares by conversion and preset PWM carrier signal, output control signal, and control drives the dutycycle of the electronic power switch signal of electronic power switching circuit 35.Can by the output voltage judgement working point of photovoltaic array 30, be operated in maximum power point left side or right side, if current output voltage is less than the output voltage of maximum power point, present operating point is in maximum power point left side, otherwise on right side.If present operating point is in maximum power point left side, error amount and carrier signal relatively after, dutycycle variable dD get on the occasion of, the control signal that output duty cycle is larger, i.e. D=D+dD; If present operating point is on maximum power point right side, error amount and carrier signal relatively after, dutycycle variable dD gets negative value, the control signal that output duty cycle is less, i.e. D=D-dD.
Described conductance increment processing module 34 is connected with described dsp processor 31 and judge module 32, for obtaining conductance increment, and calculates variable step size value, generates control signal and is sent to electronic power switching circuit 35.
Described conductance increment processing module 34 further comprises conductance increment acquiring unit, variable step size value acquiring unit and the second generation unit (not shown).
Described conductance increment acquiring unit, for according to respective electrical pressure reduction and power difference, obtains conductance increment.Conductance increment dP/dU=△ P/ △ U=I+U △ I/ △ U.
Described variable step size value acquiring unit, for according to respective electrical pressure reduction and power difference, obtains variable step size value.Variable step size value △ D=a △ P/ △ U, a is constant, can obtain by experiment.
Described the second generation unit is connected with described conductance increment acquiring unit and described variable step size value acquiring unit, be used for judging whether described conductance increment is greater than zero, if be greater than zero, variable step size value is got on the occasion of generating corresponding control signal, otherwise variable step size value is got negative value and is generated corresponding control signal, and the control signal of generation is sent to electronic power switching circuit 35.In the situation that adopting step-length very little, conductance increment dP/dU=△ P/ △ U=I+U △ I/ △ U; According to the unimodal value curve characteristic of the output of photovoltaic array shown in Fig. 1 P-U, when dP/dU=0, U △ U+I △ I=0, completes photovoltaic array maximal power tracing; If conductance increment dP/dU=I+U △ I/ △ U >0, present operating point is in maximum power point left side, variable step size value △ D get on the occasion of, the larger control signal of output step-length, i.e. △ U=U (K)+△ D; Otherwise, the less control signal of output step-length, i.e. △ U=U (K)-△ D.
Described electronic power switching circuit 35 is connected with load 39, be used for according to the dutycycle of the electronic power switch 351 of described control signal regulating circuit, regulate in real time the bearing power of output voltage, output current and the load 39 of photovoltaic array 30, complete maximal power tracing.If control signal is high level, described electronic power switch 351 conductings; As △ P > ε, working point from maximum power point away from, by described short-circuit current processing module 33 output control signals; As △ P < ε, working point from maximum power point close to, by conductance increment processing module 34 output control signals; Control signal dutycycle is larger, and the time of electronic power switch 351 conductings is longer, and working point is to maximum power point fast moving; Control signal dutycycle is less, and the time of electronic power switch 351 conductings is shorter, and slowly move to maximum power point working point.If control signal is low level, described electronic power switch 351 disconnects, thereby regulates in real time photovoltaic array output current and bearing power, completes maximal power tracing.
As preferred embodiment, described electronic power switching circuit 35 adopts the Boost booster circuit being comprised of electric capacity, resistance, inductance, electronic power switch.If the input voltage of described Boost booster circuit is Uin, electric current is Iin; Input equivalent resistance is Req.The output voltage of described Boost booster circuit is that U0, electric current are I0; Pull-up resistor is R0.Before and after transformation of electrical energy, energy loss is very little, can ignore, output voltage U 0=(1/(1-D)) * Uin; D is for driving the dutycycle of electronic power switch; U0* I0=Uin*Iin=Uin
2/ Req=U0
2/ R0, Req=Uin/Iin=(1-D)
2* R0.Therefore, by controlling the adjustable control signal of output duty cycle, regulate in real time dutycycle D, input impedance is mated with loaded impedance, complete the tracking of maximum power point.
With reference to figure 4, one embodiment of the invention realizes maximal power tracing process flow diagram.Wherein, U and I are respectively warm output voltage and the output current of photovoltaic array; I ' m calculates gained maximum power point electric current according to the output data of photovoltaic array; ε is default switching threshold.
First rated output difference △ P, chooses △ P=P (K)-P (K-1)=ε as the critical point of switching controls mode.When from maximum power point away from or △ P > ε during external environment generation great change, mode of operation is switched to short-circuit current method: the electric current I m ≈ KIsc that calculates maximum power point place under standard state; Calculate real-time maximum power point electric current I ' m; I ' m and I are carried out to PI adjusting; Obtain dutycycle D=D ± dD, dD is dutycycle variable.Utilize the advantage of the quick tracking photovoltaic array peak power of short-circuit current, follow the tracks of fast and reduce the generation of erroneous judgement.By the quick tracking of short-circuit current method, working point traces near maximum power point, △ P < ε now, mode of operation is switched to variable step conductance increment method: judge whether conductance increment dP/dU is greater than zero, if conductance increment dP/dU is >0, △ U=U (K)+△ D; Otherwise △ U=U (K)-△ D; Variable step size value △ D=a △ P/ △ U, a is constant.
Next in conjunction with system shown in Figure 5 artificial circuit figure, further illustrate photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device of the present invention.
The control signal generating portion part of module 54 photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device of the present invention, comprises Im & PI processor module, VINCMPPT processor module and Control & PWM selector module.Im & PI processor module is input as the output current I of temperature, illumination and the photovoltaic array of photovoltaic array; Standard maximum power point electric current I m and short-circuit current Isc exist approximate proportionate relationship, i.e. Im ≈ KIsc, and K is that constant is about 0.9; Real-time maximum power point electric current I according to photovoltaic array under varying environment ' m(computing formula is referring to aforementioned), complete the real-time maximum power point Current calculation of photovoltaic array; Built-in pi regulator according to Im & PI processor module, regulates in real time to I ' m and I, to realizing I ' m, follows the tracks of Im; Regulating error signal is different, and in adjustment process, the difference △ P1 of front and back double sampling power is different.VINCMPPT processor module is input as voltage, the electric current of photovoltaic array; Calculate P=Uin*Iin; In the situation that adopting step-length very little, dP/dU=△ P/ △ U=I+U △ I/ △ U, according to the unimodal value curve characteristic (as shown in Figure 1) of photovoltaic array output P-U, when dP/dU=0, U △ U+I △ I=0, completes photovoltaic array maximal power tracing; First power and the voltage of double sampling before and after detecting, calculate △ P=P (K)-P (K-1), △ U=U (K)-U (K-1), △ I=I (K)-I (K-1), judge whether △ P/ △ U=I+U △ I/ △ U is zero, if △ P/ △ U=I+U △ I/ △ U is >0, △ U=U (K)+△ D, otherwise △ U=U (K)-△ D, continue judgement, wherein variable step size is △ D=a △ P/ △ U, and this module is output as △ P2; Control & PWM selector module is input as the △ P1 of Im & PI processor module output, the △ P2 of VINCMPPT processor module output, selector switch is △ P1, the △ P2 of input and the parameter ε comparison of setting, selection is less than ε data and passes through, if be both less than, select less.The data of passing through are by certain conversion and the comparison of selector switch intercarrier signal, and output drives signal for the PWM of control module 55 electronic power switches, thereby realize short-circuit current method, in conjunction with variable step conductance increment method, realizes maximal power tracing.
The electronic power switching circuit part of module 55 photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device of the present invention, adopts the Boost booster circuit being comprised of capacitor C 1, inductance L 1, resistance R 1, electronic power switch Mosfet and diode D1, filter capacitor C0.When PWM drives signal to be high level, electronic power switch Mosfet conducting, place branch road is equivalent to a wire, and the voltage of photovoltaic array output is to inductance L 1 charging, and the voltage in capacitor C 1 powers to the load.When PWM drives signal to be low level, electronic power switch Mosfet place branch road disconnects, and L1, C1 power to the load jointly.Break-make by electronic power switch realizes the transmission of electric energy, the adjusting of the adjusting of output voltage, bearing power.Module 55 also comprises CCCS CCS, and the electric current of photovoltaic array flows into from the positive pole of CCS, from the negative pole of CCS, flows out, and forms a loop; Also be the effect that CCS plays shunting.
Module 561-564 is respectively voltage table VM1, VM2, and reometer CM1, CM2 measure respectively and export voltage, the electric current of place branch road.Module 57 is output unit, is mainly used in Output simulation result, and whether checking simulation result is correct.Module 58 is Clock To Workplace module, for display system input time.
By emulation, can find out, working point from the maximum power point of photovoltaic array away from or during in external environment generation great change, tracking photovoltaic array peak power fast; When working point traces near maximum power point, can reduce the oscillation of power in tracking photovoltaic array peak power process, improve on the whole the utilization factor of photovoltaic array electric energy.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of structure of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) gather temperature, illumination, output voltage and the output current of photovoltaic array, obtain respective electrical pressure reduction and difference between current;
(2) obtain power difference, and judge whether described power difference is greater than a predetermined threshold value, if be greater than predetermined threshold value, perform step (3), otherwise execution step (4);
(3) adopt short-circuit current method to obtain the error amount between maximum power point electric current and output current, generate control signal execution step (5);
(4) obtain conductance increment, and calculate variable step size value, generate control signal execution step (5);
(5) according to control signal, regulate in real time output voltage, output current and the bearing power of photovoltaic array, complete maximal power tracing.
2. photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step (3) further comprises: (31), according to gathered temperature, illumination and the short-circuit current that obtains in advance, calculate maximum power point electric current; (32) more described maximum power point electric current and output current, obtain error amount; (33), according to the difference of the output voltage of described error amount and current output voltage and maximum power point, generate control signal execution step (5).
3. photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step (4) further comprises: (41), according to respective electrical pressure reduction and power difference, obtain conductance increment; (42) according to respective electrical pressure reduction and power difference, obtain variable step size value; (43) judge whether described conductance increment is greater than zero, if be greater than zero, variable step size value is got on the occasion of generating corresponding control signal, otherwise variable step size value is got negative value generation corresponding control signal, and execution step (5).
4. a photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device, is characterized in that, comprising: dsp processor, judge module, short-circuit current processing module, conductance increment processing module and electronic power switching circuit;
Described dsp processor is connected with photovoltaic array, for gathering temperature, illumination, output voltage and the output current of photovoltaic array, obtains respective electrical pressure reduction and difference between current;
Described judge module is connected with described dsp processor, for obtaining power difference, and judges whether described power difference is greater than a predetermined threshold value, if be greater than predetermined threshold value, calls short-circuit current processing module, otherwise calls conductance increment processing module;
Described short-circuit current processing module is connected with described dsp processor and judge module, for adopting short-circuit current method to obtain the error amount between maximum power point electric current and output current, generates control signal and is sent to electronic power switching circuit;
Described conductance increment processing module is connected with described dsp processor and judge module, for obtaining conductance increment, and calculates variable step size value, generates control signal and is sent to electronic power switching circuit;
Described electronic power switching circuit is connected with load, for according to the dutycycle of the electronic power switch of described control signal regulating circuit, regulates in real time output voltage, output current and the bearing power of photovoltaic array, completes maximal power tracing.
5. photovoltaic array maximum power tracking device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described short-circuit current processing module further comprises connected successively computing unit, comparing unit and the first generation unit; Described computing unit, for according to gathered temperature, illumination and the short-circuit current that obtains in advance, calculates maximum power point electric current; Described comparing unit, for more described maximum power point electric current and output current, obtains error amount; Described the first generation unit, for according to the difference of the output voltage of described error amount and current output voltage and maximum power point, generates control signal and is sent to electronic power switching circuit.
6. photovoltaic array maximum power tracking method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described conductance increment processing module further comprises conductance increment acquiring unit, variable step size value acquiring unit and the second generation unit; Described conductance increment acquiring unit, for according to respective electrical pressure reduction and power difference, obtains conductance increment; Described variable step size value acquiring unit, for according to respective electrical pressure reduction and power difference, obtains variable step size value; Described the second generation unit is connected with described conductance increment acquiring unit and described variable step size value acquiring unit, be used for judging whether described conductance increment is greater than zero, if be greater than zero, variable step size value is got on the occasion of generating corresponding control signal, otherwise variable step size value is got negative value and is generated corresponding control signal, and the control signal of generation is sent to electronic power switching circuit.
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