CN105920463A - 一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂及其制备方法,制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄3‑5份,五倍子8‑12份,葶苈子3‑5份,马齿苋鲜品12‑15份,蜜枇杷叶6‑10份,浒苔8‑10份,苍术4‑6份,山楂8‑10份,山竹果皮8‑10份,蜜百部2‑3份,紫苑1‑3份,矮地茶4‑6份,黑枸杞5‑9份,桑白皮2‑4份,米糠12‑15份,米糠油18‑20份。该膏剂采用软膏形式方便喂食,采用天然食材和中草药制成,安全无副作用,不易产生耐药性,可取得较好的杀菌消炎效果,同时增强水貂自身免疫力,快速有效治疗该病。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于兽药领域,特别涉及一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎是由绿脓杆菌引起的一种传染性疾病,无明显季节性,但夏秋季节容易发生,此期水貂正处于换毛期或因气温变化较大,给水貂带来一定的应激,造成机体抵抗力下降,从而引起该病的发生。该病发病急、死亡快,常呈地方性暴发流行。水貂不分品种、年龄及性别均可感染本病,发病水貂病初多表现为精神沉郁,行动迟缓,体温升高,鼻镜干燥,食欲减退;死前不久发展为食欲废绝,精神高度沉郁,继而出现呼吸困难,呈腹式呼吸,肺部可听到啰音;临死前运动失调,咳血或鼻孔流出红色泡沫型液体。目前对该病的治疗,只能根据药敏试验情况,选择抗生素治疗该病,但由于致病菌绿脓杆菌等的耐药性较强,疗效不佳,且大剂量使用抗生素,易增强菌株耐药性,产生副作用,减弱自身免疫力。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂及其制备方法。该膏剂采用软膏形式方便喂食,采用天然食材和中草药制成,安全无副作用,不易产生耐药性,可取得较好的杀菌消炎效果,同时增强水貂自身免疫力,快速有效治疗该病。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供的技术方案如下:
一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂,制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄3-5份,五倍子8-12份,葶苈子3-5份,马齿苋鲜品12-15份,蜜枇杷叶6-10份,浒苔8-10份,苍术4-6份,山楂8-10份,山竹果皮8-10份,蜜百部2-3份,紫苑1-3份,矮地茶4-6份,黑枸杞5-9份,桑白皮2-4份,米糠12-15份,米糠油18-20份。
进一步的,制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄3,五倍子8份,葶苈子3份,马齿苋鲜品12份,蜜枇杷叶6份,浒苔8份,苍术4份,山楂8份,山竹果皮8份,蜜百部2份,紫苑1份,矮地茶4份,黑枸杞5份,桑白皮2份,米糠12份,米糠油18份。
进一步的,制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄5份,五倍子12份,葶苈子5份,马齿苋鲜品15份,蜜枇杷叶10份,浒苔10份,苍术6份,山楂10份,山竹果皮10份,蜜百部3份,紫苑3份,矮地茶6份,黑枸杞9份,桑白皮4份,米糠15份,米糠油20份。
进一步的,制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄4份,五倍子10份,葶苈子4份,马齿苋鲜品14份,蜜枇杷叶8份,浒苔9份,苍术5份,山楂9份,山竹果皮9份,蜜百部2.5份,紫苑2份,矮地茶5份,黑枸杞7份,桑白皮3份,米糠14份,米糠油19份。
本发明还公开了所述的一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)五倍子、葶苈子、蜜枇杷叶、苍术、蜜百部、紫苑、矮地茶、桑白皮加入其总质量倍数6倍的水浸泡1小时,文火煎煮1小时,煎煮后过100目过滤网取滤液,再次加入其总质量4倍的水浸泡1小时,文火煎煮1小时后过100目过滤网取滤液,合并两次滤液冷却至室温备用;
(2)马齿苋鲜品、浒苔、山竹果皮、黑枸杞洗净后加入步骤(1)所得滤液研磨成浆,静置2小时后过滤分离滤液和滤渣备用;
(3)步骤(2)所得滤液低温浓缩(30℃以下)至相对密度为1.20±0.02(60℃)的浓缩液;
(4)米糠放入热锅中翻炒,待炒出焦香味后取出冷却至室温,所得固体粉碎得200目米糠粉;
(5)步骤(2)所得的滤渣真空冷冻干燥得固体,所得固体与天竺黄、山楂混合粉碎至200目混合粉;
(6)在洁净度为100级的洁净室内,将步骤(3)所得的浓缩液、步骤(4)所得的米糠粉和步骤(5)所得混合粉混合,加入米糠油充分搅拌,混合均匀即得。
绿脓杆菌性肺炎是由绿脓杆菌引起的呼吸道传染病,治疗该病的首要任务在于杀灭抑制致病菌,但是绿脓杆菌具有较强的耐药性,现有的抗生素类药物进行治疗不能取得理想的治疗效果,致使该病的致死率居高不下。本发明所选取原料具有以下特性:天竺黄:甘,寒,清热豁痰,凉心定惊,用于热病神昏,中风痰迷,小儿痰热惊痫、抽搐、夜啼;五倍子:性寒,味酸、涩,具有敛肺降火、涩肠止泻、敛汗止血、收湿敛疮等功效,主治肺虚久咳、久泻久痢、便血痔血、痈肿疮毒、皮肤湿烂等症,五倍子煎剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、肺炎球菌、绿脓杆菌、痢疾杆菌、炭疽杆菌、白喉杆菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒和副伤寒杆菌等均有明显的抑菌和杀菌作用;葶苈子:辛、苦,大寒,泻肺平喘,行水消肿,用于痰涎壅肺,喘咳痰多,胸胁胀满,不得平卧,胸腹水肿,小便不利,肺原性心脏病水肿;马齿苋:性寒,味甘酸,入心、肝、脾、大肠经,具有收湿止痒、清热消肿、清热解毒,利水去湿,散血消肿,除尘杀菌,消炎止痛,止血凉血的作用,马齿苋对痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌和大肠杆菌有较强的抑制作用,可用于各种炎症的辅助治疗,素有“天然抗生素”之称,同时马齿苋还富含维生素A、维生素C,维生素C具有很好的抗氧化作用可以美白滋养皮肤,现代医学发现,马齿苋有较高的营养价值和药用价值,除了含有常规的蛋白质、维生素和矿物质等营养元素外,马齿苋还含有独特的生物活性成分,能够增强人体上皮细胞的活性,有助于促进溃疡而的愈合;蜜枇杷叶:苦,微寒,清肺止咳,降逆止呕,肺热咳嗽,气逆喘急,胃热呕吐,哕逆,可治疗口干消渴,肺风面疮,粉刺;浒苔:是一种大型绿藻,俗称苔条、青海苔等,为绿藻门石莼目石莼科浒苔属的藻类植物,常见的有缘管浒苔、扁浒苔、条浒苔、肠浒苔等。浒苔为近海滩涂中的天然野生绿藻,其自然繁殖能力特别强,产量巨大,我国海域特别是东海海域的浒苔资源十分丰富,浒苔藻体碧绿、味道鲜美、营养丰富,还具有较高的药用价值,开发利用潜力巨大,浒苔富含碳水化合物、蛋白质、粗纤维及矿物质,同时还含有脂肪和维生素,在浒苔蛋白质中,氨基酸种类齐全,必需氨基酸含量较高,其中缘管浒苔的限制氨基酸为赖氨酸。条浒苔的限制氨基酸为蛋氨酸,浒苔的脂肪酸组成中,多不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸的含量为分别为50.5%、12.7%和36.8%,其中包括近4%的奇数碳原子脂肪酸。因此浒苔是高蛋白、高膳食纤维、低脂肪、低能量,且富含矿物质和维生素的天然理想营养食品的原料,我国医藉和民间经验认为,大型绿藻不仅具有丰富的营养价值,而且具有清热解毒、抗菌消炎、降胆固醇、增强机体免疫力、消痰软坚、消肿利尿及化疾之功效,据《随息居饮食谱》记载:浒苔“消胆、消瘰疠瘿瘤、泄胀、化痰、治水土不服”,浒苔富含多糖,占海藻干重50%以上,具有广泛的生物活性和药用功能(降血脂、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗菌、调节免疫力、抗氧化、抗疲劳和降血糖等),可广泛应用于医药、保健食品和普通食品;苍术:辛、苦,温,燥湿健脾,祛风散寒,明目,辟秽,用于脘腹胀痛,食欲不振,泄泻,水肿,风湿痹痛,脚气痿躄,风寒感冒,雀目,苍术具有显著的杀菌作用,对沙门氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌等病原菌有显著的抑制和灭活作用;山楂:山楂含丰富的维生素、山楂酸、柠檬酸、黄酮类等,能生津止渴,亦可入药,酸甘,微温,消食健胃,行气散瘀,驱绦虫,治肉食积滞,癥瘕,痰饮,吞酸,肠风,腰痛,恶露不尽,小儿乳食停滞,胃烷胀满,泻痢腹痛,瘀血经闭,产后瘀阻,心腹刺痛,疝气疼痛,高血脂症;山竹果皮:性微凉,消炎去痛、清热解毒,利湿而止泻作用,山竹皮富含单宁酸,单宁酸对临床常见分离菌株如金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌等有抗菌作用且可以影响生物膜的形成,山竹皮富含原花青素,原花青素是一种有着特殊分子结构的生物类黄酮,是目前国际上公认的清除人体内自由基最有效的天然抗氧化剂,原花青素可以强化毛细血管、动脉与静脉血管,它有消肿化淤的功效,毛细血管的阻力减少和渗透性改善,使细胞更容易吸收养分与排除废物,原花青素可以清除细胞膜中水溶性和脂溶性的自由基,因此,抑制了释放某些酶去伤害毛细血管壁的过程,原花青素抑制产生组胺需要的酶,防止生成组胺,从而减轻发炎;蜜百部:甘、苦,微温,润肺下气止咳,杀虫,用于新久咳嗽,肺痨咳嗽,百日咳,外用于头虱,体虱,蛲虫病,阴痒,蜜百部润肺止咳,用于阴虚劳嗽,百部煎剂对多种致病菌如肺炎球菌、乙型溶血型链球菌、脑膜炎球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌与痢疾杆菌,伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌,白喉杆菌、肺炎杆菌、鼠疫杆菌、炭疽杆菌、枯草杆菌,以及霍乱弧菌、人型结核杆菌等都有不同程度的抑菌作用;紫苑:苦,温,温肺,下气,消痰,止咳,治风寒咳嗽气喘,虚劳咳吐脓血,喉痹,小便不利,紫菀在体外对大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、变形菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌及霍乱弧菌等7种革兰氏阴性肠内致病菌有一定的抑制作用;并有对抗致病性真菌的作用;矮地茶:性平,味辛、微苦,镇咳祛痰,活血,利尿,解毒,治慢性气管炎,肺结核咳嗽咯血,吐血,脱力劳伤,筋骨酸痛,肝炎,痢疾,急慢性肾炎,高血压,疝气,肿毒;黑枸杞:味甘、性平,藏医用于治疗心热病、心脏病、降低胆固醇、兴奋大脑神经、增强免疫功能、防治癌症、抗衰老、美容养颜、月经不调、停经等且药效显著,且富含蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、游离氨基酸、有机酸、矿物质、微量元素、生物碱、维生素C、B1、B2、钙、镁、铜、锌、锰、铁、铅、镍、镉、钴、铬、钾、钠等各种营养成分,黑枸杞富含原花青素,是目前国际上公认的清除人体内自由基最有效的天然抗氧化剂,原花青素可以强化毛细血管、动脉与静脉血管,它有消肿化淤的功效,毛细血管的阻力减少和渗透性改善,使细胞更容易吸收养分与排除废物,原花青素可以清除细胞膜中水溶性和脂溶性的自由基,因此,抑制了释放某些酶去伤害毛细血管壁的过程,原花青素抑制产生组胺需要的酶,防止生成组胺,从而减轻发炎;桑白皮:甘,寒,泻肺平喘,利水消肿,用于肺热喘咳,水肿胀满尿少,面目肌肤浮肿;孔雀草:味苦,性凉,清热解毒,止咳,主风热感冒,咳嗽,痢疾,肋腺炎,乳痈,疖肿,牙痛,口腔炎,目赤肿痛;米糠:具有抗癌护肤保健作用,还能健脾胃、消肿利尿,可用于主治脚气、浮肿,泄泻;米糠油:是一种营养丰富的植物油,米糠油的脂肪酸组成、维生素E、甾醇、谷维素等有利于人体的吸收,具有清除血液中的胆固醇、降低血脂、促进人体生长发育等有益作用,米糠油中含有丰富的谷维素,谷维素是由十几种甾醇类阿魏酸酯组成的一族化合物,可以阻止自体合成胆固醇、降低血清胆固醇的浓度,促进血液循环,具有调节内分泌和植物神经等功能,可促进人体和动物的生长发育。谷维素能促进皮肤微血管循环,保护皮肤,还对脑震荡等病有疗效。
本发明的膏剂采用纯中草药制剂,安全无毒副作用,方便喂食,可代替抗生素类药物治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎,不易产生耐药性,所选原料配伍得当,天竺黄、五倍子、马齿苋、蜜枇杷叶、浒苔、山竹果皮、矮地茶、孔雀草合用可起清热解毒之效,清除水貂体内湿热淤毒,退烧,调节机体,增强水貂自身免疫力;五倍子、马齿苋、浒苔、苍术、山竹果皮、蜜百部合用可起到抗菌消炎的效果,尤其是对绿脓杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌具有很好的杀灭抑制效果,可快速有效杀灭致病菌治疗该病,其中,山竹皮和黑枸杞富含原花青素,原花青素可以强化毛细血管、动脉与静脉血管,它有消肿化淤的功效,毛细血管的阻力减少和渗透性改善,使细胞更容易吸收养分与排除废物,原花青素可以清除细胞膜中水溶性和脂溶性的自由基,抑制了释放某些酶去伤害毛细血管壁的过程,原花青素抑制产生组胺需要的酶,防止生成组胺,从而减轻发炎起到很好的活血化瘀、消炎止痛作用;天竺黄、葶苈子、蜜枇杷叶、浒苔、蜜百部、矮地茶、桑白皮、孔雀草合用还可以起到很好的清肺润肺、止咳化痰的效果,减轻水貂病症;同时,葶苈子、马齿苋、浒苔、山竹果皮、矮地茶、桑白皮、米糠合用还可以起到利尿排毒的效果,可以有效帮助肾脏代谢,促进毒素排出,减轻肾脏负担,促进水貂体内有害物质的排出,加快水貂康复;桑白皮可引药达肺部,使得药物更好的作用于病灶,取得更好的疗效。除此之外,患病水貂食欲不振,造成营养不良导致自身免疫力低下,也是该病治愈率低的原因之一,本发明的膏剂所选的原料中,浒苔、苍术、山楂、米糠具有开胃健脾的效果,可有效增强水貂食欲,同时,马齿苋、浒苔、山楂、山竹果皮、黑枸杞、米糠、米糠油等富含多种维生素、微量元素等营养物质,例如,通过该膏剂补充水貂机体缺乏的维生素A可提高呼吸、消化等的免疫力,补充维生素E可提高机体抗感染的能力,维生素C可以使机体组织变得紧密从而可以抵御外邪增加抵抗力的。该膏剂采用软膏的形式方便喂食,可在治疗该病的同时,为水貂补充营养,提高其自身免疫力,促进患畜康复。
本发明的有益效果为:提供了一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂及其制备方法。该膏剂采用软膏形式方便喂食,采用天然食材和中草药制成,安全无副作用,不易产生耐药性,可取得较好的杀菌消炎效果,同时增强水貂自身免疫力,快速有效治疗该病。具体而言:
(1)本发明的膏剂采用纯中草药制剂,安全无毒副作用,可代替抗生素类药物治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎,不易产生耐药性,所选原料配伍得当,天竺黄、五倍子、马齿苋、蜜枇杷叶、浒苔、山竹果皮、矮地茶、孔雀草合用可起清热解毒之效,清除水貂体内湿热淤毒,退烧,调节机体,增强水貂自身免疫力;五倍子、马齿苋、浒苔、苍术、山竹果皮、蜜百部合用可起到抗菌消炎的效果,尤其是对绿脓杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌具有很好的杀灭抑制效果,可快速有效杀灭致病菌治疗该病,其中,山竹皮和黑枸杞富含原花青素,原花青素可以强化毛细血管、动脉与静脉血管,它有消肿化淤的功效,毛细血管的阻力减少和渗透性改善,使细胞更容易吸收养分与排除废物,原花青素可以清除细胞膜中水溶性和脂溶性的自由基,抑制了释放某些酶去伤害毛细血管壁的过程,原花青素抑制产生组胺需要的酶,防止生成组胺,从而减轻发炎起到很好的活血化瘀、消炎止痛作用;天竺黄、葶苈子、蜜枇杷叶、浒苔、蜜百部、矮地茶、桑白皮、孔雀草合用还可以起到很好的清肺润肺、止咳化痰的效果,减轻水貂病症;同时,葶苈子、马齿苋、浒苔、山竹果皮、矮地茶、桑白皮、米糠合用还可以起到利尿排毒的效果,可以有效帮助肾脏代谢,促进毒素排出,减轻肾脏负担,促进水貂体内有害物质的排出,加快水貂康复;桑白皮可引药达肺部,使得药物更好的作用于病灶,取得更好的疗效。
(2)患病水貂食欲不振,造成营养不良导致自身免疫力低下,也是该病治愈率低的原因之一,厌食的水貂自主采食比较困难,采用片剂或口服液也很难喂食,采用膏剂直接涂抹于水貂嘴中,水貂会自行吞食和舔食,更加方便喂食,该膏剂所选的原料中,浒苔、苍术、山楂、米糠具有开胃健脾的效果,可有效增强水貂食欲,同时,马齿苋、浒苔、山楂、山竹果皮、黑枸杞、米糠、米糠油等富含多种维生素、微量元素等营养物质,例如,通过该膏剂补充水貂机体缺乏的维生素A可提高呼吸、消化等的免疫力,补充维生素E可提高机体抗感染的能力,维生素C可以使机体组织变得紧密从而可以抵御外邪增加抵抗力的。该膏剂采用软膏的形式方便喂食,可在治疗该病的同时,为水貂补充营养,提高其自身免疫力,促进患畜康复。
(3)该膏剂以天然果蔬和中草药作为原料,对水貂无毒副作用,其残余成分容易排除,排出物可作为农作物的有机肥,不会对环境造成污染,用后无药物残留,对人体无公害,具有重要的经济和社会价值。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的具体的物料配比、工艺条件及其结果仅用于说明本发明而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1
一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂,制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄3,五倍子8份,葶苈子3份,马齿苋鲜品12份,蜜枇杷叶6份,浒苔8份,苍术4份,山楂8份,山竹果皮8份,蜜百部2份,紫苑1份,矮地茶4份,黑枸杞5份,桑白皮2份,米糠12份,米糠油18份。
所述膏剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)五倍子、葶苈子、蜜枇杷叶、苍术、蜜百部、紫苑、矮地茶、桑白皮加入其总质量倍数6倍的水浸泡1小时,文火煎煮1小时,煎煮后过100目过滤网取滤液,再次加入其总质量4倍的水浸泡1小时,文火煎煮1小时后过100目过滤网取滤液,合并两次滤液冷却至室温备用;
(2)马齿苋鲜品、浒苔、山竹果皮、黑枸杞洗净后加入步骤(1)所得滤液研磨成浆,静置2小时后过滤分离滤液和滤渣备用;
(3)步骤(2)所得滤液低温浓缩(30℃以下)至相对密度为1.20±0.02(60℃)的浓缩液;
(4)米糠放入热锅中翻炒,待炒出焦香味后取出冷却至室温,所得固体粉碎得200目米糠粉;
(5)步骤(2)所得的滤渣真空冷冻干燥得固体,所得固体与天竺黄、山楂混合粉碎至200目混合粉;
(6)在洁净度为100级的洁净室内,将步骤(3)所得的浓缩液、步骤(4)所得的米糠粉和步骤(5)所得混合粉混合,加入米糠油充分搅拌,混合均匀即得。
使用方法:一日2次喂食患病水貂,一次2g。
实施例2
一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂,制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄5份,五倍子12份,葶苈子5份,马齿苋鲜品15份,蜜枇杷叶10份,浒苔10份,苍术6份,山楂10份,山竹果皮10份,蜜百部3份,紫苑3份,矮地茶6份,黑枸杞9份,桑白皮4份,米糠15份,米糠油20份。
实施例2的膏剂的制备方法和使用方法与实施例1相同。
实施例3
一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂,制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄4份,五倍子10份,葶苈子4份,马齿苋鲜品14份,蜜枇杷叶8份,浒苔9份,苍术5份,山楂9份,山竹果皮9份,蜜百部2.5份,紫苑2份,矮地茶5份,黑枸杞7份,桑白皮3份,米糠14份,米糠油19份。
实施例3的膏剂的制备方法和使用方法与实施例1相同。
实施例4抗菌实验
1、实验菌种:绿脓杆菌(ATCC15442)
2、菌种培养基:营养琼脂培养基和营养肉汤培养基。
3、抑菌实验分三个实验组和一个对照组,实验组分别使用实施例1至3的膏剂,其中,实验组A为实施例1的膏剂,实验组B为实施例2的膏剂,实验组C为实施例3的膏剂,对照组使用生理盐水。
4、具体实验步骤:
(1)药敏感片制备:双圈牌定性滤纸用打孔器制成直径6mm的圆纸片放入清洁干燥的青霉素空瓶中,瓶口以单层牛皮纸包扎,121℃高压灭菌30min,再经100℃烘干,密闭保存备用。在无菌条件下分别将纸片浸泡于实施例1至3的膏剂和生理盐水中2h,待液体完全被纸片吸收后,取出滤纸片,室温下晾干制成药敏片备用,每种液体各制备5片药敏感片;
(2)制备菌液:绿脓杆菌(ATCC15442)置于10ml营养肉汤培养基中,37℃培养18h;取培养液1ml加入9ml的0.9%无菌氯化钠溶液,采用10倍递增稀释法,将菌液分别稀释至105~106cfu/ml,备用;
(3)将上述步骤(2)制得的试验菌液均匀接种于甘露醇氯化钠琼脂平板上,室温下静置5min,将步骤(1)中制得的20片药敏感片平铺在绿脓杆菌接种的琼脂平板上,将平板倒置放入培养箱中37℃培养24h后,测量各药敏片的抑菌圈直径(mm),计算各组的抑菌圈直径平均值,以上操作均为无菌操作。
5、试验观察测量:
观察:无抑菌圈以“-”表示;
抑菌圈直径<10mm为轻度抑菌,以“+”表示;
抑菌圈直径10~14mm为中度抑菌,以“++”表示;
抑菌圈直径>14mm为高度抑菌,以“+++”表示;
实验结果表明,本发明的膏剂对水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的主要致病菌绿脓杆菌具有较好的的抑制作用,可起到较好的杀菌抑菌,治疗该病的作用。
实施例5应用实施例
为了验证本发明的膏剂的疗效,选择了40只患有绿脓杆菌性肺炎的水貂进行试验,将水貂随机均分为3个实验组、1个对照组,实验组1至3分别喂食实施例1至3的膏剂,每只水貂每日喂食2次,每次喂食2g,5日为一个疗程,对照组不用药,5天观察药物作用效果,疗效评价标准如下:
痊愈:水貂情绪稳定,呼吸正常、采食正常、体温正常;
好转:水貂病症有所改性,食欲增强,体温降低;
无效:水貂病症加重或死亡。
实验结果统计如下:
阴性对照 | 实验1组 | 实验2组 | 实验3组 | |
治愈(只) | 0 | 5 | 7 | 6 |
好转(只) | 0 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
无效(只) | 10 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
有效率(%) | 0 | 80 | 90 | 90 |
由以上实验结果可以看出,本发明的膏剂可以有效治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎,治愈率达80%以上,且所有水貂用药过程中均无不良反应。
以上实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人了解本发明内容并加以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围,凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂,其特征在于:制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄3-5份,五倍子8-12份,葶苈子3-5份,马齿苋鲜品12-15份,蜜枇杷叶6-10份,浒苔8-10份,苍术4-6份,山楂8-10份,山竹果皮8-10份,蜜百部2-3份,紫苑1-3份,矮地茶4-6份,黑枸杞5-9份,桑白皮2-4份,米糠12-15份,米糠油18-20份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂,其特征在于:制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄3,五倍子8份,葶苈子3份,马齿苋鲜品12份,蜜枇杷叶6份,浒苔8份,苍术4份,山楂8份,山竹果皮8份,蜜百部2份,紫苑1份,矮地茶4份,黑枸杞5份,桑白皮2份,米糠12份,米糠油18份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂,其特征在于:制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄5份,五倍子12份,葶苈子5份,马齿苋鲜品15份,蜜枇杷叶10份,浒苔10份,苍术6份,山楂10份,山竹果皮10份,蜜百部3份,紫苑3份,矮地茶6份,黑枸杞9份,桑白皮4份,米糠15份,米糠油20份。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂,其特征在于:制成所述膏剂的原料组成及重量份数为:天竺黄4份,五倍子10份,葶苈子4份,马齿苋鲜品14份,蜜枇杷叶8份,浒苔9份,苍术5份,山楂9份,山竹果皮9份,蜜百部2.5份,紫苑2份,矮地茶5份,黑枸杞7份,桑白皮3份,米糠14份,米糠油19份。
5.如权利要求1至4所述的一种治疗水貂绿脓杆菌性肺炎的膏剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)五倍子、葶苈子、蜜枇杷叶、苍术、蜜百部、紫苑、矮地茶、桑白皮加入其总质量倍数6倍的水浸泡1小时,文火煎煮1小时,煎煮后过100目过滤网取滤液,再次加入其总质量4倍的水浸泡1小时,文火煎煮1小时后过100目过滤网取滤液,合并两次滤液冷却至室温备用;
(2)马齿苋鲜品、浒苔、山竹果皮、黑枸杞洗净后加入步骤(1)所得滤液研磨成浆,静置2小时后过滤分离滤液和滤渣备用;
(3)步骤(2)所得滤液低温浓缩(30℃以下)至相对密度为1.20±0.02(60℃)的浓缩液;
(4)米糠放入热锅中翻炒,待炒出焦香味后取出冷却至室温,所得固体粉碎得200目米糠粉;
(5)步骤(2)所得的滤渣真空冷冻干燥得固体,所得固体与天竺黄、山楂混合粉碎至200目混合粉;
(6)在洁净度为100级的洁净室内,将步骤(3)所得的浓缩液、步骤(4)所得的米糠粉和步骤(5)所得混合粉混合,加入米糠油充分搅拌,混合均匀即得。
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CN104800660A (zh) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-07-29 | 王丽 | 一种治疗肺炎支原体肺炎的中药制剂及其制备方法 |
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CN103211991A (zh) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-07-24 | 孙胜波 | 一种治疗肺炎的中药组合物 |
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CN111939263A (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-11-17 | 上海海聚生物科技有限公司 | 药物组合物、中药组合物及其提取物和制备、药剂、用途 |
CN111939263B (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-09-12 | 上海海聚生物科技有限公司 | 药物组合物、中药组合物及其提取物和制备、药剂、用途 |
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