CN105917935A - Cultivation method capable of relieving lodging of highland barley - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method capable of relieving lodging of highland barley. The method comprises steps as follows: (1) fertilizer application: organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are combined; (2) sowing time: the sowing time is 7-12 days earlier than conventional sowing time; (3) sowing quantity: the row spacing is 15 cm, the sowing quantity is 14-15 kg/mu, and 180,000-220,000 basic seedlings are planted in each mu; (4) field management: weeding, watering, topdressing, repression, root cutting, spraying of chlormequat chloride and mepiquat chloride, topdressing, water control, fertilizer control and the like are performed respectively at the appropriate time. Compared with the prior art, the cultivation method has the advantages as follows: growth of root systems is accelerated by controlling growth of the overground part of the highland barley with the cultivation method; the highland barley population density is reasonably controlled, the permeability of fields is increased, the canopy density of the plants is reduced, lodging of the highland barley is reduced under the high-yield level, and the yield of the highland barely is further increased.

Description

A kind of cultural method alleviating highland barley lodging

Technical field

The present invention relates to crop cultivation methods, particularly relate to a kind of alleviate highland barley lodging Cultural method.

Background technology

Highland barley belongs to grass family Hordeum, less demanding to accumulated temperature, is to like cool crop, suitable Preferably plant in high altitude localities, be mainly distributed on the Tibet of China, Qinghai, Deqen in Yunnan Province The areas such as state, state, Gannan, Gansu, Szechwan Ganzi, Aba Prefecture, altitude from 2000-4300m.Highland barley be above-mentioned area Tibetan staple food crop, in recent years with The people's deep understanding to highland barley health care function, some health cares with highland barley as raw material are produced Product have been developed that, and introduce to the market, are deeply liked, this improves the price of highland barley, pushes away Having moved the enthusiasm of peasant planting highland barley, the planting proportion in agriculture district, Tibet highland barley reaches More than 60%.But lodging is to produce common problem, with other cereals in highland barley is planted Class crop wheat compares that highland barley stem stalk internode is elongated, stem stalk soft, mechanical tissue intensity difference, Easily causing lodging under the influence of inappropriate cultivation and extraneous unfavorable factor, highland barley lodges Rear colony is strongly fragrant covers, and humidity increases, and photosynthesis weakens, and the impact on yield is bigger.Grind Studying carefully discovery highland barley to lodge in heading to milk stage, yield 30-56% to be reduced, in grouting Rear generation lodging yield to reduce more than 15%.The generation of highland barley lodging in Production of Large Fields Rate is more than 30%, and in high-yield field and high-yield planting, highland barley lodging rate is higher.So it is blue or green Highland barley lodging always produce present in subject matter, scientists is all delayed trying to explore Solving or avoid highland barley to lodge problem, the present invention is built upon, for many years on Research foundation, combining Close and use some effective cultural methods, alleviate the lodging of highland barley from cultivation angle, Reach to improve further the purpose of highland barley yield.

Prior art has the patent publication No. to be about the patent of highland barley cultural method " cultural method of a kind of highland barley " of CN104221687A and patent publication No. are " method for planting of a kind of high yield highland barley " of CN104081998A, both approaches introduction The general flow of highland barley cultivation: the most wholely, describe the consumption of farm manure and chemical fertilizer. 2. sowing, after grain rains, sowed before the Beginning of summer, mode is broadcasted sowing, the amount of broadcasting 18kg/ mu. 3. topdress, two leaves wholeheartedly time topdress, in conjunction with pouring water.4. irrigate, highland barley seeding stage, Wintering Period, florescence and irrigation period are respectively irrigated once.5. gather in the crops.

But, prior art is the general cultivation technique of highland barley, not as the present invention The problem easily lodged for highland barley is developed, owing to technology does not has obvious specific aim yet The lodging problem that highland barley cultigen occurs can not be solved.Meanwhile, agricultural planting has substantially Regionality and epochal character.The suitable application region of these prior aries is in plains region, but The most unworkable in high altitude localities, the planting patterns mentioned in prior art more falls Afterwards if seeding method is for broadcasting sowing, application rate is every mu of 18kg seed, this and present highland barley The actual grave fault of production of do mechanization operation.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to solve above-mentioned deficiency, it is provided that a kind of cultivation alleviating highland barley lodging Culture method.

The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of alleviation green grass or young crops The cultural method of highland barley lodging, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) fertilising: fertilizer combines with inorganic fertilizer, wherein:

Rate of Organic Fertilizer: 1000-1500kg/ mu, executes as base；

Fertilizer amount: Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10-15kg/ mu, base is executed；Urea 15-20kg/ mu, Wherein 40% base is executed, 30% tillering stage, uses for 30% boot stage；Potassium chloride 4-6kg/ mu, Base is executed；Concrete dose should be according to the fertility situation of soil, and first-class ground can reduce chemical fertilizer Consumption, suitably increases dose inferiorly；

(2) seedtime: shift to an earlier date 7-12 days than traditional sowing time；With Lhasa As a example by, the tradition sowing time is April 15, uses the method for the present invention to shift to an earlier date Sowing in 7-12 days；

(3) application rate: use seeder to sow, line-spacing 15 centimetres, application rate For 14-15kg/ mu, Basic Seedling is 18-22 ten thousand plants/acre；

(4) field management:

When one heart stage of highland barley three leaf, carry out weeding, water, impose urea 5-7kg/ Mu；

In highland barley tillering stage, if growth of cereal crop seedlings over growth suitably postpone highland barley pour water interval time Between, reach farm tractor take a round in ground, highland barley seedling is suppressed, reduce green grass or young crops The tiller of highland barley；

In the highland barley tiller later stage, insert in soil along highland barley root with spade, or with special disconnected Highland barley is completely cured by root machine；Water immediately in being completely cured latter 3 days, prevent seedling dead；Disconnected Root can slow down the growth of highland barley aerial part, and promotes the growth of the underground system of fibrous root, has It is beneficial to prevent highland barley from lodging；

At the highland barley jointing initial stage, if field Population is relatively big, grow vigorous, leaf area Index reaches more than 80%, sprays cycocel and mepiquat chloride, make highland barley cane sturdy, joint Between shorten；

In highland barley jointing, boot stage, in conjunction with pouring water, highland barley is topdressed, urea 3-5kg/ Mu；

Meeting arid at highland barley Later growth to water irrigation, irrigation amount once should not mistake Greatly, a small amount of mode repeatedly is used to carry out；

Suitably control water, control fertilizer at the jointing initial stage, make upper soll layer be in relatively drying regime, Be conducive to basal internode pier real, strengthen capacity for the resistance to lodging.

Present invention advantage compared with prior art is: the cultural method of the present invention is to pass through Control the growth of highland barley aerial part, promote root growth；Conservative control highland barley colony is close Degree, increases the permeability in field, reduces the canopy density of plant, makes highland barley in high yield level Under, reduce lodging, improve highland barley yield further.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.

A kind of cultural method alleviating highland barley lodging that the present embodiment provides, including following step Rapid:

(1) fertilising: fertilizer combines with inorganic fertilizer, wherein:

Rate of Organic Fertilizer: 1000-1500kg/ mu, executes as base；

Fertilizer amount: Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10-15kg/ mu, base is executed；Urea 15-20kg/ mu, Wherein 40% base is executed, 30% tillering stage, uses for 30% boot stage；Potassium chloride 4-6kg/ mu, Base is executed；Concrete dose should be according to the fertility situation of soil, and first-class ground can reduce chemical fertilizer Consumption, suitably increases dose inferiorly；

(2) seedtime: shift to an earlier date 7-12 days than traditional sowing time；With Lhasa As a example by, the tradition sowing time is April 15, uses the method for the present invention to shift to an earlier date Sowing in 7-12 days；

(3) application rate: use seeder to sow, line-spacing 15 centimetres, application rate For 14-15kg/ mu, Basic Seedling is 18-22 ten thousand plants/acre；

(4) field management:

When one heart stage of highland barley three leaf, carry out weeding, water, impose urea 5-7kg/ Mu；In highland barley tillering stage, if growth of cereal crop seedlings over growth suitably postpone highland barley pour water interval time Between, reach farm tractor take a round in ground, highland barley seedling is suppressed, reduce green grass or young crops The tiller of highland barley；

In the highland barley tiller later stage, insert in soil along highland barley root with spade, or with special disconnected Highland barley is completely cured by root machine；Water immediately in being completely cured latter 3 days, prevent seedling dead；Disconnected Root can slow down the growth of highland barley aerial part, and promotes the growth of the underground system of fibrous root, has It is beneficial to prevent highland barley from lodging；

At the highland barley jointing initial stage, if field Population is relatively big, grow vigorous, leaf area Index reaches more than 80%, sprays cycocel and mepiquat chloride, make highland barley cane sturdy, joint Between shorten；

In highland barley jointing, boot stage, in conjunction with pouring water, highland barley is topdressed, urea 3-5kg/ Mu；

Meeting arid at highland barley Later growth to water irrigation, irrigation amount once should not mistake Greatly, a small amount of mode repeatedly is used to carry out；

Suitably control water, control fertilizer at the jointing initial stage, make upper soll layer be in relatively drying regime, Be conducive to basal internode pier real, strengthen capacity for the resistance to lodging.

This technical scheme can effectively reduce lodging ratio, after deliberation with comparative test result As follows:

The yield of table 1 different disposal highland barley and yield composition table

Kind is the spring highland barley " dark blue 2000 " currently generally planted in Tibet, process with To impinging upon to enter under same plot, same dose, same application rate and same way to manage OK.But both yield difference 54.3kg/ mu, volume variance is obvious, and this is mainly Process the lodging decreasing highland barley, both lodging ratio such as following tables.

Table 2 highland barley lodging schedule of proportion

	Process	Comparison
			Lodging ratio %	0.15	0.65

" suppression " in the inventive method, uses tractor in the ground in technical scheme Highland barley seedling is suppressed, it is also possible to the weights such as stone roller are suppressed, as long as can reach The technology of suppression effect all belongs to the protection content of this patent.

" being completely cured " in the inventive method, in the tiller of highland barley to the jointing stage, except with Highland barley also can be completely cured operation by other mode of spade external application.

" hormone regulating and controlling " in the inventive method, highland barley tiller to the jointing stage except Spray outside cycocel and mepiquat chloride, use other hormones also to can reach shortening highland barley stipes long The regulation and control purpose of degree.

The key point of the inventive method is: 1. sowing ahead of time, than traditional date of seeding ahead of time 7-12 days.2. the tillering stage in highland barley highland barley seedling is suppressed.3. dividing in highland barley Highland barley is completely cured operation by tiller to the jointing stage, pours water immediately after being completely cured.4. in highland barley Tiller sprays cycocel and mepiquat chloride or other regulation and control hormones to the jointing stage, controls plants stems Joint length.

The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the patent of the present invention Scope, every equivalent structure utilizing description of the invention and embodiment content to be made or etc. Effect flow process conversion, or directly or indirectly it is used in other relevant technical fields, the most in like manner It is included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the cultural method alleviating highland barley lodging, it is characterised in that: include following Step:

(1) fertilising: fertilizer combines with inorganic fertilizer, wherein:

Rate of Organic Fertilizer: 1000-1500kg/ mu, executes as base；

Fertilizer amount: Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10-15kg/ mu, base is executed；Urea 15-20kg/ mu, Wherein 40% base is executed, 30% tillering stage, uses for 30% boot stage；Potassium chloride 4-6kg/ mu, Base is executed；Concrete dose should be according to the fertility situation of soil, and first-class ground can reduce chemical fertilizer Consumption, suitably increases dose inferiorly；

(2) seedtime: shift to an earlier date 7-12 days than traditional sowing time；With Lhasa As a example by, the tradition sowing time is April 15, uses the method for the present invention to shift to an earlier date Sowing in 7-12 days；

(3) application rate: use seeder to sow, line-spacing 15 centimetres, application rate For 14-15kg/ mu, Basic Seedling is 18-22 ten thousand plants/acre；

(4) field management:

When one heart stage of highland barley three leaf, carry out weeding, water, impose urea 5-7kg/ Mu；

In highland barley tillering stage, if growth of cereal crop seedlings over growth suitably postpone highland barley pour water interval time Between, reach farm tractor take a round in ground, highland barley seedling is suppressed, reduce green grass or young crops The tiller of highland barley；

In the highland barley tiller later stage, insert in soil along highland barley root with spade, or with special disconnected Highland barley is completely cured by root machine；Water immediately in being completely cured latter 3 days, prevent seedling dead；Disconnected Root can slow down the growth of highland barley aerial part, and promotes the growth of the underground system of fibrous root, has It is beneficial to prevent highland barley from lodging；

At the highland barley jointing initial stage, if field Population is relatively big, grow vigorous, leaf area Index reaches more than 80%, sprays cycocel and mepiquat chloride, make highland barley cane sturdy, joint Between shorten；

In highland barley jointing, boot stage, in conjunction with pouring water, highland barley is topdressed, urea 3-5kg/ Mu；

Meeting arid at highland barley Later growth to water irrigation, irrigation amount once should not mistake Greatly, a small amount of mode repeatedly is used to carry out；

Suitably control water, control fertilizer at the jointing initial stage, make upper soll layer be in relatively drying regime, Be conducive to basal internode pier real, strengthen capacity for the resistance to lodging.