CN105903074B - 颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层的制备方法 - Google Patents

颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105903074B
CN105903074B CN201610209579.1A CN201610209579A CN105903074B CN 105903074 B CN105903074 B CN 105903074B CN 201610209579 A CN201610209579 A CN 201610209579A CN 105903074 B CN105903074 B CN 105903074B
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谢雷
李学烤
顾茂众
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SHANGHAI PUWEI MEDICAL APPARATUS FACTORY Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明提供一种新方法来制备颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层,包括:钛网制备,模板交联,电解液制备,磁场处理,热处理等步骤。本发明还涉及颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层及其系统。与现有技术相比,本发明环保,无毒无害,纳米管尺寸严格可控,涂层与基底的结合力明显优于现有技术。

Description

颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,尤其涉及一种颅颌面修复钛网表面药物缓释系统及其制备方法。
背景技术
在治疗颅颌面缺损、癫痫、颅内肿瘤等神经外科疾病时,往往需要进行颅骨修复手术。钛网由于其较高的强度,优异的生物相容性,往往被用于颅颌面修复。然而,颅颌面修复手术尤其是颅骨修复手术危险性较高,并且围术期不良反应较多,常见的有脑积液、术后感染等,影响治疗效果,而常规的抗生素输液治疗的效果也并不理想。因此,如果有一种方法可以在手术区域内定向给药,就可以缓解围术期的不良反应。
钛网表面药物缓释系统是一种为缓解颅颌面修复围术期不良反应而设计的具有生物活性的涂层,其微观结构是规则的二氧化钛纳米管。二氧化钛纳米管涂层的制备方法主要是阳极氧化,其技术要点是将纯钛与恒流电源阳极连接,用铂电极作为阴极,在含有氟离子的溶液中通电,进行阳极氧化。试样处理一定时间后,表面形成二氧化钛纳米管涂层。这种结构的涂层最初被发现具有光伏反应效应,即可以作为一种太阳能电池的原料。而随后的研究发现,这种结构还具有较高的成骨活性,并根据其结构特点,还可以用作药物载体,通过控制可以作为药物缓释系统。根据这些特点和作用,这种涂层用于颅颌面修复非常合适。
然而,这种采用阳极氧化制备的纳米管涂层具有明显的缺陷:1、电解质溶液由于含有氟离子,并且是酸性条件,毒性和腐蚀性非常强,对操作人员和环境的负面影响很大;2、该涂层中遗留大量氟离子,对后续的清洗处理要求较高,这在医疗器械领域,尤其是植入器械来说是非常不利的,为了降低对病人和环境的毒性,所需人力物力和成本都很高;3、该涂层与基底的结合力很弱,非常容易脱落,这在医疗领域的应用是极不允许的。
因此,本领域的技术人员致力于开发一种新的方法来制备活性药物缓释涂层,其电解液是一种环保溶液,不含氟离子,ph值接近中性;所制备的涂层与基底结合力大大提高,抗剪切力加强,不易脱落;不含氟离子,并且在后续处理后,可以消除残余离子,清洗问题很容易解决。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷,本发明所要解决的技术问题是现有钛网表面药物缓释系统对病人和环境的毒性、腐蚀性的负面影响,并提高涂层与基底的结合力,使其在医疗领域颅颌面修复中更易于应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种新方法来制备颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、钛网制备:采用市场上常见的钛网。
步骤二、模板交联:制备好的钛网表面进行交联处理,涂覆一层带有纳米孔的薄膜。主要包括以下方法:
方法1、在钛网表面涂敷有机膜,有机膜为带有不同直径纳米孔洞的网状膜,以作为纳米管的模板,其中纳米孔洞直径为5-100nm;
方法2、在钛网表面涂覆一层带有规则微孔阵列的刚玉薄膜作为纳米管的模板,其中膜厚为1-5μm。
步骤三、电解液制备:配制电解液溶液,所述电解液包括无机离子和有机离子,研究人员认为,无机离子包括除氟离子外的卤族离子和过氧化氢离子、钠离子、磷酸根离子等。其中,主要功能离子是氯离子和过氧化氢离子,其中氯离子的摩尔浓度为0.01-1mol/L,优选为0.3-0.5mol/L;过氧化氢的浓度为0.01-2mol/L,优选为1-1.5mol/L。有机离子包括柠檬酸根离子、EDTA、Tris、醋酸根等起缓释作用的酸性离子,浓度范围0.1-1mol/L。电解质溶液的ph值范围为3-9,优选ph值为5-7。
步骤四、将具有模板的钛网浸入所述电解液溶液中,电解质溶液的温度保持在10摄氏度至80摄氏度,优选为45摄氏度至55摄氏度。
步骤五、将浸有钛网的电解液溶液放置在恒定磁场或交变磁场中,磁场强度为0.1A/m至5A/m,交变磁场的频率为1-30分钟/次,优选为5-10分钟/次。交变磁场的波形为方波或者正弦波形或余弦波形,优选为方波,波形对称性为严格对称或不对称。磁场方向与钛网表面平面之间的最终夹角为0-180度,最优为90度。磁场和交变磁场是由磁场发生器产生,处理时间为5分钟以上,最优处理时间为30分钟-60分钟。钛网上生成二氧化钛纳米管涂层。
步骤六、将经过磁场处理的钛网从电解液溶液中取出,清洗,热处理,温度为150-450摄氏度,保温时间30-60分钟,尤其是250摄氏度为佳。该热处理不会对纯钛微观结构产生本质性影响。
进一步地,采用上述制备方法获得颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层,其功能部分是二氧化钛纳米管,所述纳米管尺寸通过模板孔径控制。
进一步地,一种颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释系统,包括由上述制备方法获得的二氧化钛纳米管涂层。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
1、本发明所采用的电解液是无毒无害环保的电解液,只需稍作后续处理就可以直接排放,对环境友好,这是本发明的最显著优点;
2、使用模板方式控制二氧化钛纳米管的直径,尺寸严格可控;
3、所制备的涂层与基底有很好的结合力,可高达到50N,而现有技术中涂层结合力一般为11N,涂层质量明显优于类似技术。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明,以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一个较佳实施例的制备完成的纳米管涂层的SEM照片;其中a-h所示管径分别是30nm,40nm,60nm,70nm,85nm,100nm,110nm,130nm。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)钛网制备;
(2)在钛网表面涂覆一层微孔刚玉薄膜作为纳米管的模板,孔径为100nm;
(3)电解液溶液包括0.3mol/L氯离子,1.2mol/L过氧化氢离子,钠离子和0.5mol/L醋酸根离子,ph值为5;
(4)将步骤(2)的钛网浸入步骤(3)的电解液溶液中,温度保持在50摄氏度;
(5)将步骤(4)的电解液溶液放置在恒磁场中,处理时间为30分钟;
(6)将步骤(5)的钛网从电解液溶液中取出,清洗,热处理,温度为400摄氏度,保温时间30分钟。
上述步骤可在钛网上生成孔径为100nm的二氧化钛纳米管涂层,经测试,其涂层结合力为45N。
实施例2
(1)钛网制备;
(2)在钛网表面涂敷一层有机膜,有机膜为带有不通直径孔洞的网状膜,孔径为50nm;
(3)电解液溶液包括0.3mol/L氯离子,1.5mol/L过氧化氢离子,钠离子,磷酸根离子和1mol/L柠檬酸根离子,ph值为6;
(4)将步骤(2)的钛网浸入步骤(3)的电解液溶液中,温度保持在55摄氏度;
(5)将步骤(4)的电解液溶液放置在交变磁场中,磁场强度为5A/m,频率为5分钟/次,方波,严格对称,最终夹角为90度,处理时间60分钟。
(6)将步骤(5)的钛网从电解液溶液中取出,清洗,热处理,温度为250摄氏度,保温时间60分钟。
上述步骤可在钛网上生成孔径为50nm的二氧化钛纳米管涂层,经测试,其涂层结合力为50N。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤;
步骤一、钛网制备;
步骤二、模板交联:将上述制备好的钛网的表面进行交联处理,涂覆一层带有规则微孔阵列的刚玉薄膜作为纳米管的模板;
步骤三、电解液制备:所述电解液包括无机离子、有机离子和过氧化氢,其中,所述无机离子包括氯离子、钠离子和磷酸根离子,所述有机离子包括柠檬酸根离子、EDTA、Tris和醋酸根离子,所述电解液溶液的pH值范围为3-9,其中,氯离子的摩尔浓度为0.01-1mol/L,过氧化氢的浓度为0.01-2mol/L,所述有机离子的摩尔浓度为0.1-1mol/L;
步骤四、将具有模板的所述钛网浸入步骤三制得的电解液溶液中,所述电解液溶液的温度保持在10摄氏度至80摄氏度;
步骤五、将浸有所述钛网的电解液溶液放置在恒定磁场或交变磁场中,所述磁场的强度为0.1A/m至5A/m,所述交变磁场的频率为1-30分钟/次,所述磁场方向与所述钛网表面平面之间的最终夹角为0-180度,磁场处理时间为5分钟以上;
步骤六、将经过所述磁场处理的所述钛网从所述电解液溶液中取出,清洗,热处理,其中热处理温度为150-450摄氏度,保温时间为30-60分钟。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述刚玉薄膜的膜厚为1-5μm。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三所述氯离子的摩尔浓度优选为0.3-0.5mol/L,所述过氧化氢的摩尔浓度优选为1-1.5mol/L,所述电解液溶液的pH值优选为5-7。
4.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤四所述电解液溶液的温度优选为45摄氏度至55摄氏度。
5.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤五所述交变磁场的频率优选为5-10分钟/次;所述交变磁场的波形为方波、正弦波形或余弦波形,所述波形的对称性为严格对称或不对称。
6.如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述交变磁场优选为方波。
7.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤五所述磁场方向与所述钛网表面平面之间的最终夹角最优为90度,所述磁场处理时间最优为30分钟-60分钟。
8.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤六所述热处理温度优选为250摄氏度。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备方法制备的颅颌面修复钛网表面活性药物缓释涂层,其特征在于,所述缓释涂层的结合力为40-50N,其功能部分是二氧化钛纳米管,所述纳米管的尺寸通过所述模板的孔径控制。
10.包括权利要求9所述的缓释涂层的颅颌面修复钛网表面药物缓释系统。
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