CN105879001A - 一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物 - Google Patents

一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物 Download PDF

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CN105879001A
CN105879001A CN201610474229.8A CN201610474229A CN105879001A CN 105879001 A CN105879001 A CN 105879001A CN 201610474229 A CN201610474229 A CN 201610474229A CN 105879001 A CN105879001 A CN 105879001A
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潘海英
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Abstract

本发明公开的一种治疗“闭证”型中风的中药组合物,人参8~10份、当归2~3份、熟地2~3份、甘草10~12份、桂枝8~10份、麻黄提取物8~10份、石膏0.1~0.3份、桃仁4~5份、杏仁4~5份、黄连4~5份、黄芩4~5份、大枣1~3份、干姜1~3份、牛黄4~5份、苏合香1~3份、安息香1~3份、牛角4~5份、龙骨1~3份、牡蛎4~5份、冰片0.1~0.3份、石菖蒲1~3份、琥珀0.1~0.3份;本发明又公开了一种治疗“闭证”型中风的中药组合物的制备方法;本发明所采取的处方精简,药力强见效快,综合现代制药方式,缩短了制备时间,使药效更加专一地对“闭证”型中风起作用。

Description

一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种治疗“闭证”型中风的中药组合物。
背景技术
中风因发病急骤,症见多端,病情变化迅速,与风之善行数变特点相似,故名中风、卒中。本病常留有后遗症,发病年龄也趋向年轻化,因此,是威胁人类生命和生活质量的重大疾患。
中医认为中风为本虚标实之证,在本为阴阳偏胜,气机逆乱;在标为风火相煽,痰浊壅塞,瘀血内阻。常见的病因有忧思恼怒,饮酒无度,或恣食肥甘,纵欲劳累,或起居不慎等。中风有“闭证”与“脱证”之分,闭脱之证,皆是真阳衰损的“阴盛阳虚”证候。因脑溢血引起的中风是由于阳气上冲,聚于脑部,中枢神经就会受到比平日多几倍的刺激,由于大脑处于极度兴奋的状态,便有抽筋、痉挛神志不清、不省人事的病状,不论是“闭证”还是“脱证”,都是阳气聚集它处而不能归元的结果。所以,一般对于中风的治疗原则应该是先扶其真元,同时兼顾病邪的部位。真阳元气在哪里衰败,内邪外邪就会在哪里发生,若能恢复真元,内外两邪都能灭绝。由于中风分为“闭证”和“脱证”,“闭与脱,大不同”,风善行而数变,其所以变者,亦因人之脏腑寒热为转移。其人脏腑素有郁热,则风乘火势,火借风威,而风为热风矣。其人脏腑本属虚寒,则风水相遭,寒冰彻骨,而风为寒风矣。热风多见闭症,宜疏通为先;寒风多见脱症,宜温补为急。根据辨证施治的原则,很难对所有的中风患者用同一种药方进行治疗,如果对“闭证”和“脱证”不分型辩证,混淆用药,则会造成非常严重的医疗事故。
中风“闭证”以牙关紧闭,两手握固,痰壅气塞,或昏迷不省,身热肢厥为特征,多属中风或热病邪入营血内闭所致。《证治汇补》:“闭者,邪气闭塞于外,元气犹然在内,但与开关利气,则邪自散。”中风“闭证”型患者宜用开窍通络,清火豁痰之剂。部分中风病人留有后遗症,如偏瘫、失语等,这与病情轻重,治疗和护理是否及时得当有关,故急需有效的药物对中风“闭证”患者进行有针对性的治疗。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述不足,提供一种治疗“闭证”型中风的中药组合物。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案是:一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物,其特征在于所述药物组合物由以下重量份组分组成:人参8~10份、当归2~3份、熟地2~3份、甘草10~12份、桂枝8~10份、麻黄提取物8~10份、石膏0.1~0.3份、桃仁4~5份、杏仁4~5份、黄连4~5、黄芩4~5份、大枣1~3份、干姜1~3份、牛黄4份~5份、苏合香1份~3份、安息香1份~3份、牛角4份~5份、龙骨1份~3份、牡蛎4份~5份、冰片0.1份~0.3份、石菖蒲1份~3份、琥珀0.1份~0.3份。
方中各组分的作用是:
人参甘温大补元气;附子大辛大热,温壮元阳。方中麻黄、桃仁、杏仁、生姜开表泄闭,疏通经络而驱风邪外出,人参、甘草、当归、熟地、桂枝益气温阳以扶正,石膏、大枣调气血,有助正气恢复;并取苦寒之黄芩、黄连,一以清泄风邪外望、里气不宣所产生之郁热,一以缓方中诸药之过于温燥;共成祛风扶正、温经通络之剂。牛黄、苏合香、安息香、冰片、琥珀能够通窍开闭、苏醒神识,特征用于“闭证”型中风;牛角、龙骨、牡蛎能够镇定浮阳、消除开窍药物的副作用,同时能够稳定病人情绪。
根据本发明的又一发明目的,本发明提供了一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)甘草、桂枝、黄连、黄芩、大枣、干姜、当归、熟地、牛角、龙骨、牡蛎、石菖蒲加水提取制备提取液。
(2)将(1)的提取液经过喷雾干燥器处理,得到提取物粉末。
(3)人参、石膏、杏仁、桃仁、麻黄提取物、牛黄、苏合香、安息香、冰片、琥珀粉碎后与步骤(2)中的提取物粉末混合得到药物组合物粉末。
(4)步骤(3)中的药物组合物粉末经过制粒得到所述的药物组合物制剂。
进一步的,一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,所述甘草、桂枝、黄连、黄芩、大枣、干姜、当归、熟地、牛角、龙骨、牡蛎、石菖蒲加8~10倍量水在70~80℃条件下提取2次,每次3~4小时。
进一步的,一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中,所述喷雾干燥器的工作条件是:进风温度160~180℃、出风温度60~80℃、莫诺泵变频器频率10~15Hz、雾化器频率50Hz。
进一步的,一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中,所述人参、石膏、杏仁、桃仁、麻黄提取物、牛黄、苏合香、安息香、冰片、琥珀用超微粉碎机粉碎至粒径20μm以下。
进一步的,一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中,加入细粉量15~20%的70~80%乙醇,以60~80℃的温度烘1~2小时。
进一步的,一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物,所制备的剂型为胶囊剂或片剂或颗粒剂。
本发明的优点是:
本发明公开的一种治疗“闭证”型中风的中药组合物,在古方“续命汤”、“三化汤”的基础上增减修改,使药效更加专一地对“闭证”型中风起作用。综合现代制药方式,采用人参、石膏、杏仁、桃仁、麻黄提取物超微粉碎直接入药,使药物疗效加强,药物提取后的提取液经过喷雾干燥器处理,缩短了制备时间。
具体实施方式
以下给出本发明的具体实施例,用来对本发明作进一步详细说明。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。下述实施例中所用的药材原料、试剂材料等,如无特殊说明,均为市售购买产品。
实施例1
一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的胶囊剂
按下述重量称取原料药(单位:Kg)
人参8、当归2、熟地2、甘草10、桂枝8、麻黄提取物8、石膏0.1、杏仁4、黄芩4、桃仁4、黄连4、黄芩4、大枣1、干姜1、牛黄4、苏合香1、安息香1、牛角4、龙骨1、牡蛎4、冰片0.1、石菖蒲1、琥珀0.1。
制备方法:
(1)甘草、桂枝、黄连、黄芩、大枣、干姜、当归、熟地、牛角、龙骨、牡蛎、石菖蒲加水336kg提取2次,每次3小时,过滤,合并滤液。
(2)将(1)的提取液经过进风温度160℃、出风温度60℃、莫诺泵变频器频率10Hz、雾化器频率50Hz的喷雾干燥器处理,得到提取物粉末6.3kg。
(3)人参、石膏、杏仁、桃仁、麻黄提取物、牛黄、苏合香、安息香、冰片、琥珀经过超微粉碎至粒径20μm以下,与步骤(2)中的提取物粉末混合得到药物组合物粉末36.6kg。
(4)在药物组合物粉末中加入5.5kg的70%乙醇,拌匀后以60℃的温度烘1小时。
(5)将药粉混合物粉末经过制粒机装胶囊处理,每粒装胶囊400mg,得到胶囊91500粒。
实施例2
一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的片剂
按下述重量称取原料药(单位:Kg)
人参9、当归2.5、熟地2.5、甘草11、桂枝9、麻黄提取物9、石膏0.2、杏仁4.5、桃仁4.5、黄连4.5、黄芩4.5、大枣2、干姜2、牛黄4.5、苏合香2、安息香2、牛角4.5、龙骨2、牡蛎4.5、冰片0.2、石菖蒲2、琥珀0.2。
制备方法:
(1)甘草、桂枝、黄连、黄芩、大枣、干姜、当归、熟地、牛角、龙骨、牡蛎、石菖蒲510kg提取2次,每次4小时,过滤,合并滤液。
(2)将(1)的提取液经过进风温度180℃、出风温度80℃、莫诺泵变频器频率15Hz、雾化器频率50Hz的喷雾干燥器处理,得到提取物粉末7.65kg。
(3)人参、石膏、杏仁、桃仁、麻黄提取物、牛黄、苏合香、安息香、冰片、琥珀经过超微粉碎至粒径20μm以下,与步骤(2)中的提取物粉末混合得到药物组合物粉末43.75kg。
(4)加入75%乙醇7.66kg,以70℃的温度烘1.5小时。
(5)将药粉混合物粉末经过压片机压片处理,每片400mg,得到药品109375片。
实施例3
一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的颗粒剂
按下述重量称取原料药(单位:Kg)
人参10、当归3、熟地3、甘草12、桂枝10、麻黄提取物10、石膏0.3、杏仁5、桃仁5、黄连5、黄芩5、大枣3、干姜3、牛黄5、苏合香3、安息香3、牛角5、龙骨3、牡蛎5、冰片0.3、石菖蒲3、琥珀0.3。
制备方法:
(1)甘草、桂枝、黄连、黄芩、大枣、干姜、当归、熟地、牛角、龙骨、牡蛎、石菖蒲加水600kg提取2次,每次3.5小时,过滤,合并滤液。
(2)将(1)的提取液经过进风温度170℃、出风温度70℃、莫诺泵变频器频率13Hz、雾化器频率50Hz的喷雾干燥器处理,得到提取物粉末9.1kg。
(3)人参、石膏、杏仁、桃仁、麻黄提取物、牛黄、苏合香、安息香、冰片、琥珀经过超微粉碎至粒径20μm以下,与步骤(2)中的提取物粉末混合得到药物组合物粉末51kg。
(4)将步骤(3)得到的药物组合物粉末中按药粉:淀粉:蔗糖=3:1:1的比例加入淀粉17kg、蔗糖17kg,混合均匀,加入80%乙醇17kg,以80℃的温度烘2小时。
(5)将干燥后的药物干燥,整粒,装袋,每袋4g,共得21250袋。
实施例4
一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的应用
一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物,特定针对“闭证”型中风使用。
实验例1
本发明的中药组合物的动物急性毒性试验
本实施例通过小鼠口服给药药物半数致死量的测定,考察了实施例2制备的中药组合物对小鼠的急性毒性反应和死亡情况。
取小鼠30只,每组10只,分3组,即高、中、低3个剂量组(0.8、0.4、0.2ml/15g)灌胃给药3次/日,预测药物半数致死量的范围。结果显示,高剂量组测不出半数致死量,故将药物灌胃给药半数致死量的测定改做最大体积下之最大弄点—最大耐受量的测定。
取小鼠30只,空腹12小时后,以预测选定的0.8ml/15g计量逐只灌胃给药给受试动物3次/日,连续观察7天。
在灌胃给受试品24小时,小鼠自发性活动下降,摄食、摄水减少;第二天自发性活动逐渐趋于正常,大、小便未见异常,小鼠活动、摄食量、体重增长、粪便等均正常,观察期满后受试小鼠全部存活。
观察期满后处死全部受试小鼠肉眼尸检,发现各重要脏器,如心、肝、脾、肺、肾、卵巢、肠、胃等无明显病理形态改变。
药物灌胃给药的最大给药量试验结果表明:30只小鼠给药后均无明显的毒性反应,一周内亦无死亡。给小鼠灌胃给药药物后测得最大耐受量为47.1g/kg·d,如按临床成人口服剂量8.0g/60kg计算,则该药的小鼠一日灌胃最大耐受量为临床成人一日口服量的[(47.1g/kg)÷(8.0g/60kg)≈353]倍。说明本发明所述中药组合物的安全性好。
实验例2
本发明一种治疗“闭证”型中风的中药组合物的人体试验
临床资料
一、一般性资料:本中药组合物应用于临床观察病例100例,男67例,女33例,年龄30~70岁。
二、用法用量:临床应用时,组合物中的组分根据患者的体重、年龄及症状酌情增减。本发明实施例1药物,一次三粒,一日三次。服药期间低盐、低脂饮食,禁烟酒。
三、疗效标准:
(1)痊愈:临床症状消失,生活完全自理,并能从事劳动;
(2)显效:临床症状和体征基本消失,生活可自理;
(3)有效:症状和体征一部分好转;
(4)无效;症状和体征均无明显改善,症状如前。
四、治疗效果:该临床观察病例中,服药1~6个月,治疗期间未发生毒副作用,具体情况见下表1。
表1本发明专利的产品在临床应用中的治愈情况
总之,本发明所述的一种治疗“闭证”型中风的中药组合物,为纯中药制剂,药方精简,制备方法简单、加工成本低、疗效显著、无任何不良反应,药力强、见效快,能迅速消除“闭证”型中风症状,采用现代工艺制药,方便服用的特点。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物由以下质量份组分组成:人参8份~10份、当归2份~3份、熟地2份~3份、甘草10份~12份、桂枝8份~10份、麻黄提取物8份~10份、石膏0.1份~0.3份、桃仁4份~5份、杏仁4份~5份、黄连4份~5份、黄芩4份~5份、大枣1份~3份、干姜1份~3份、牛黄4份~5份、苏合香1份~3份、安息香1份~3份、牛角4份~5份、龙骨1份~3份、牡蛎4份~5份、冰片0.1份~0.3份、石菖蒲1份~3份、琥珀0.1份~0.3份。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的药物组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S01、甘草10份~12份、桂枝8份~10份、黄连4份~5份、黄芩4份~5份、大枣1份~3份、干姜1份~3份、当归2份~3份、熟地2份~3份、牛角4份~5份、龙骨1份~3份、牡蛎4份~5份、石菖蒲1份~3份加水提取制备提取液。
步骤S02、将步骤S01的提取液经过喷雾干燥器处理,得到提取物粉末。
步骤S03、将人参8份~10份、麻黄提取物8份~10份、石膏0.1份~0.3份、桃仁4份~5份、杏仁4份~5份、牛黄4份~5份、苏合香1份~3份、安息香1份~3份、冰片0.1份~0.3份、琥珀0.1份~0.3份经过超微粉碎,与步骤S02中的提取物粉末混合得到药物组合物粉末。
步骤S04、步骤S03中的药物组合物粉末经过制粒得到所述的药物组合物制剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S01中,所述加水提取制备提取液为:加甘草、桂枝、黄连、黄芩、大枣、干姜、当归、熟地、牛角、龙骨、牡蛎、石菖蒲总重量8倍~10倍量水在70℃~80℃条件下提取2次,每次3小时~4小时。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S02中,所述喷雾干燥器处理为:喷雾干燥器的进风温度160℃~180℃、出风温度60℃~80℃、莫诺泵变频器频率10Hz~15Hz、雾化器频率50Hz。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S03中,所述超微粉碎为:将人参、石膏、杏仁、桃仁、麻黄提取物、牛黄、苏合香、安息香、冰片、琥珀用超微粉碎机粉碎至粒径20μm以下。
6.根据权利要求2所述的的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S04中,所述制粒为:加入药粉量15%~20%的70%~80%乙醇,以60℃~80℃的温度烘1小时~2小时。
7.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的药物组合物制剂为胶囊剂/片剂/颗粒剂。
8.一种治疗“闭证”型中风的药物组合物的应用,其特征在于,所述的药物组合物,特定针对“闭证”型中风使用。
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