CN105866004A - Device and method for measuring permeability coefficient of rock - Google Patents

Device and method for measuring permeability coefficient of rock Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105866004A
CN105866004A CN201610333058.7A CN201610333058A CN105866004A CN 105866004 A CN105866004 A CN 105866004A CN 201610333058 A CN201610333058 A CN 201610333058A CN 105866004 A CN105866004 A CN 105866004A
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rock
rubber sleeve
steel pipe
hollow
gas
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CN105866004B (en
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赵延林
罗世林
唐劲舟
万文
付成成
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G01N15/082Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
    • G01N15/0826Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N7/00Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
    • G01N7/10Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing diffusion of components through a porous wall and measuring a pressure or volume difference

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to lateral seepage of rock, particularly to a device for measuring the permeability coefficient of rock. The device comprises a test piece device system, an axial loading system, a confining pressure system, a gas pressure loading system, a servo control system and a computer controller, wherein the test piece device system comprises a rock test piece, an upper rigid pressing plate, a lower rigid pressing plate, a rubber sleeve and a circular button; three hollow triggers are respectively arranged on each of the left and right sides of the rubber sleeve and are positively opposite; the gas pressure loading system is provided with hollow steel pipes capable of being inserted into the hollow triggers on the two sides of the rubber sleeve; the three steel pipes at an inlet are provided with control valves for controlling to let gas to flow through the steel pipes or not; after being inserted into the hollow triggers of the rubber sleeve, the steel pipes are tightened with the circular button, so as to prevent the gas from escaping from the contact positions of the steel pipes and the rubber sleeve. A stable state method is adopted in a test to measure the permeability coefficient of the rock.

Description

A kind of rock permeability coefficient measuring device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the engineering geology technical field such as ground, mining, particularly to a kind of horizontal seepage flow of rock Measure seepage apparatus and the test method of rock permeability coefficient.
Background technology
Crack rock is Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, mining engineering, railway and highway construction project, civil construction work The complex dielectrics being frequently encountered by the various engineerings such as journey, petroleum works, seafari and Development Engineering, rock The seepage coefficient mensuration in crack is forward position and the heat subject of rock mechanics worker research all the time.
It is all at rock that prior art and device either measure rock permeability coefficient by steady state method or Transient Method Upper and lower two ends of stone test specimen form permeable pressure head, and fluid penetrates into pressure from one end that pressure is high by rock medium One end that power is low, calculates rock permeability coefficient.But rock is not a kind of uniform dielectric, and its infiltration coefficient is not Only relevant to rock constituent, structure, and it is different to permeate direction, and gained rock permeability coefficient can not yet With.Secondly in great majority test, fluid used is liquid (water), when liquid is by duct, and center, duct Fluid molecule higher than the molecule flow velocity on close cell walls surface, the closer to cell walls surface, molecule flow velocity The lowest generation slippage effect, i.e. klinkenberg effect.For the fluid in rock permeability coefficient measuring device Selecting and seepage direction aspect, prior art is mostly directed to adopt and uses water as percolating medium, simultaneously from rock The end face that stone hydraulic pressure is high flows to another end face that hydraulic pressure is low, i.e. axial dispersion, carries out using gas Seepage apparatus and the test method of rock side seepage measurement rock permeability coefficient there is not yet.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of rock direction finding seepage flow to measure rock permeability coefficient Seepage apparatus and test method, use gas (nitrogen) as percolating medium simultaneously, agree avoiding crin In the case of berg's effect, side seepage measures rock permeability coefficient.
For achieving the above object, patent of the present invention uses following solution: a kind of rock side seepage is measured The seepage apparatus of rock permeability coefficient, including specimen appliance system, axial loading system, confined pressure system, gas Body pressure-loaded system, servo-control system and computer controller, described specimen appliance system includes that rock tries Part, upper and lower rigidity platen and two sides have three hollow feelers, transparences respectively and have favorable elasticity Rubber sleeve, annular button, described upper and lower rigidity platen are that positive is identical to position and shape;Upper rigidity pressure Tray bottom upward, top down tip upside down on rock sample top, the bottom of lower rigidity platen downwards, top to On be supported on the bottom of rock sample;The hollow feeler of described rubber sleeve two side also in positive to position;Described Gas pressure loading system is provided with the hollow steel pipe that can be inserted into the hollow feeler in rubber sleeve two side, the three of air inlet Individual steel pipe is equipped with control valve, is used for controlling whether gas flows through from steel pipe;Steel pipe inserts the sky of rubber sleeve Buckle with annular button after heart feeler, prevent gas from escaping from the contact position of steel pipe and rubber sleeve, inlet, outlet Air gauge it is equipped with at steel pipe;Test uses steady state method to measure rock permeability coefficient.
Hinge structure of the present invention produces and provides the benefit that:
1, use gas (nitrogen) as percolating medium, it is to avoid to use liquid as produced by percolating medium Slippage effect.
2, infiltration direction is that side seepage i.e. flow to another side, conventional seepage direction from rock side Being all to flow to another end face from one end face of rock, the present invention surveyed rock permeability coefficient is also from another angle Degree illustrates the anisotropy of rock.
3, make simple, easy for installation, provide convenient for scientific research.
In short, technical program of the present invention lies in: (1) uses gas as percolating medium, it is to avoid adopt The slippage effect produced as percolating medium with liquid (such as pure water).(2) the seepage flow side used by the present invention To for from rock a side seepage flow to another side.By two different seepage flow under identical stress state The different rock permeability coefficients that direction is surveyed illustrate the anisotropy of rock permeability coefficient from another angle. This is prominent advantage and the advantage place of the present invention, is also its main innovation point.
The invention will be further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the permeability apparatus structural representation that the present invention a kind of rock side seepage measures rock permeability coefficient
Fig. 2 is the sample system profile of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the relation of different osmotic difference and infiltration coefficient
In figure: 1, load cylinder, 2, servomotor, 3, decelerator, 4, worm drive secondary, 5, piston, 6, confined pressure sensor, 7, rubber sleeve, 8, hollow feeler on the left of rubber sleeve, 9, left side annular button, 10, Hollow feeler on the right side of rubber sleeve, 11, radial displacement extensometer, 12, axial elasticity modulus, 13, upper just Property platen, 14, lower rigidity platen, 15, bearing plate, 16, base, 17, pneumatic cylinder, 18, flow passes Sensor I, 19, air gauge I, 20, air pressure Table II, 21, flow sensor II, 22, air reservoir, 23, Axial force sensor, 24, load axle, 25, rock sample, 26, three axocoels, 27, data wire I, 28, Data wire II, 29, data wire III, 30, data wire IV, 31, data wire V, 32, data wire VI, 33, Valve I, 34, valve II, 35, valve III, 36, valve IV, 37, valve V, 38, valve VI, 39, valve VII, 40, right circular button, 41, computer controller, 42, heating collar, 43, temperature passes Sensor, 44, data wire VII, 45, stiffness bearer, 46, bedding joint face.
Detailed description of the invention
Seeing accompanying drawing 1, a kind of horizontal seepage flow of rock measures rock permeability ratio test device, including specimen appliance System, axle force loading system, confined pressure system, gas pressure loading system, servo-control system and computer control Device processed, described specimen appliance system includes rock sample 25, upper rigidity platen 13, lower rigidity platen 14, thoroughly Bright shape and there are on the left of the rubber sleeve 7 of favorable elasticity, rubber sleeve on the right side of three hollow feelers 8, rubber sleeves three Hollow feeler 10, left side annular button 9, right circular button 40, described upper rigidity platen 13 and lower rigidity Platen 14 is identical to position and shape in positive;Upper rigidity platen 13 is bottom-up, top down tips upside down on Rock sample 25 top, the bottom of lower rigidity platen 14 is downward, top is upwards supported on rock sample 25 Bottom;The hollow feeler 8 and 10 of described rubber sleeve 7 two side also in positive to position;Described gas pressure adds Loading system is provided with the hollow steel pipe of the two hollow feelers in side 8 and 10 that can be inserted into rubber sleeve 7, the three of air inlet Individual steel pipe is equipped with control valve 34,35,36, is used for controlling whether gas flows through from steel pipe;Steel pipe inserts Buckle with annular button 9 and 40 after the hollow feeler 8 and 10 of rubber sleeve 7, prevent gas from steel pipe and rubber Escaping in the contact position of gum cover 7, is equipped with air gauge I19, air gauge II20 and stream at inlet, outlet steel pipe Quantity sensor I18 and flow sensor II21;Inserting the Steel pipe end surface of hollow feeler 8 on the left of rubber sleeve is arc Shape, it is ensured that steel pipe and the perfect laminating of rock sample 25.Test uses steady state method to measure rock permeability coefficient.
Specimen appliance system include the columned rubber sleeve 7 with transparent hollow feeler, rock sample 25, Annular button 9 and 40, stiffness bearer 45, rock sample 25 is horizontal layer rock and its bedding joint face It is 46.As shown in Figure 1, upper rigidity platen 13 it is placed on after packaging rock sample 25 with rubber sleeve 7 And between lower rigidity platen 14, then it is integrally placed on stiffness bearer 45.
Axial compression loading system includes axial force sensor 23, loads axle 24, three axocoel 26, bearing plate 15, the end Seat 16.Rock sample 25 loaded by loading the up and down motion of axle 24 and unloads axial stress, adding The size detection of axle power out and is sent in computer controller 41 by the axial force sensor 23 carried on axle 24, Load axle 24 and act on rigidity platen 13, apply axle power to rock sample 25 by upper rigidity platen 13.
Confined pressure system includes three axle self-balancing balancing gate pits and confined pressure loading system.Specimen appliance system is placed in three axles Self-balancing balancing gate pit, three axle self-balancing balancing gate pits are connected by oil pipe with confined pressure loading system, its effect be to Rock sample 25 applies confined pressure, and the loading of confined pressure is to be realized by load cylinder 1, servomotor 2 basis The instruction that Testing Software sends rotates through reductor 3 and drives the motion of worm drive pair 4 to drive piston 5 straight Line motion adjusts in-oil cylinder pressure, and the confined pressure sensor 6 being arranged on load cylinder 1 oil outlet end detects oil Pressure, is sent in computer controller 41, and the measurement signal of 41 pressure of computer controller processes, and Compare with the pressure data arranged, then provide deviation correcting signal, make the force value of applying and the pressure of setting Force value reaches unanimity.
In gas pressure systems, pneumatic cylinder 17 can change gas pressure size at any time, and flow sensor I18 can be real Shi Jilu gas flow size, by pneumatic cylinder 17 adjustable seepage flow air inlet air pressure size.Gas is by inserting The steel pipe seepage flow of the hollow feeler 8 in three, left side entering the rubber sleeve 7 of specimen appliance system enters rock sample 25 Bedding joint face 46, and by inserting the hollow feeler 10 in three, right side of rubber sleeve 7 of specimen appliance system Steel pipe enter air reservoir 22.Air gauge I19 and air pressure Table II 20 monitor air inlet and gas outlet gas in real time Pressure size, gas flow sensor I18 and gas flow sensor II21 real time record inlet, outlet implication Body uninterrupted, and fed back to computer controller 41.
Temperature system includes heating collar 42, temperature sensor 43.Heating collar 42 is by heating three axocoels 26 Wall, utilizes heat transfer to heat silicone oil (applying the liquid used by confined pressure) temperature in three axocoels, thus to examination Part heats.Detect temperature in three axocoels 26 in real time by temperature sensor 43, and fed back to computer control Next step instruction made by software by device 41 processed.
Data collecting system include gas flow and pressure, the axial deformation of rock sample 25 and radial deformation, Confined pressure and the collection of the data such as axial compression, confined pressure temperature, by the flow sensor I of gas pressure loading system 18 are connected with computer controller 41, Real-time Collection gas flow data;By axial elasticity modulus 12 He Radial displacement extensometer 11 is connected with computer controller 41, the axial deformation number of Real-time Collection rock sample 25 According to radial deformation data;It is connected with computer controller 41 by the axial force sensor 23 of axial compression loading system, Real-time Collection axial compression data;It is connected with computer controller 41, in real time by the confined pressure sensor 6 of confined pressure system Gather confined pressure data;It is connected with computer controller 41 by temperature sensor 43, Real-time Collection process of the test Middle temperature variation data.In process of the test, computer real time record gas flow, rock sample 25 axial Deformation and radial deformation, confined pressure and axial compression.
The experimental provision embodiment of a kind of rock of the present invention horizontal seepage flow measurement rock permeability coefficient:
(1) sillar processing being polished to rock sample test piece 25, the size of rock sample 25 is diameter 50mm, Highly 100mm, entangles test specimen 25 with the rubber sleeve 7 of a diameter of 45mm, a length of 110mm, will set The rock sample 25 of upper rubber sleeve 7 is as the top of lower rigidity platen 14, then by upper rigidity platen 13 back-off In the upper surface of rock sample 25, last overall as on stiffness bearer 45, at rock sample test piece 25 overcoat Side, the left and right two hollow feeler 8 and 10 of rubber sleeve 7 inserts steel pipe, and buckles with annular button 9 and 40, Radial displacement transducer 11 is installed at middle part, to measure the radial deformation of rock sample test piece 25, in upper and lower rigidity pressure Dish 13 and 14 arranges shaft position sensor 12, to measure the axial deformation of rock sample test piece 25, and will radial direction position Move extensometer 11 and axial elasticity modulus 12 respectively by data wire I27, data wire II28 and computer control Device 41 processed connects.
(2) pipeline of confined pressure system, gas pressure loading system and confined pressure temperature control system is connected, The gas of gas outlet is stored in air reservoir 22, by axial force sensor 23, temperature sensor 43, flow sensor I18, flow sensor II21, axial elasticity modulus 12, radial displacement extensometer 11, confined pressure sensor 6 are connected with computer controller 41 respectively.
(3) rock sample 25 loaded and unloads axial stress by loading the up and down motion of axle 24, The size detection of axle power out and is sent in computer controller 41 by the axial force sensor 23 loaded on axle 24, Load axle 24 and act on rigidity platen 13, apply axle power to rock sample 25.When confined pressure loading system exists During load cylinder 1 oil sources abundance, open valve VII39, moved along a straight line by piston 5 and rock sample 25 is executed Add confined pressure.
(4) close valve VII39 after completing above-mentioned steps, in pneumatic cylinder 17 during gas abundance, close valve I 33 record temperature in three axocoels 26 by temperature sensor 43, when cavity pressure and temperature reach design load, And valve I33 and valve V 37, selectively opened valve is opened when the numerical value of air gauge I19 reaches preset value Door II34, valve III35, valve IV36, it is achieved gas flow, gas penetrates into the stratiform joint of rock sample 25 Reason face 46, and ooze out gas entrance air reservoir 22, air gauge I19 and air pressure Table II 20 detect turnover gas respectively Gas pressure PEnter、PGo out, computer controller 41 record flows through the flow Q of rock sample 25, by below equation Calculate rock permeability coefficientWherein L takes 50mm, A and takes 0.005mm2
It is further described below by an example:
Choosing sample is Hunan Ningxiang coal dam maokou limestone, and sample is heavily 423.89g, a diameter of 49.95mm, A length of 101.03mm, percolating medium is nitrogen, is keeping confined pressure σ2With axial compression σ1In the case of constant, grind Study carefully the impact (being shown in Table 1) on rock permeability coefficient k of different osmotic difference p, at obtained experimental result Origin Reason (see Fig. 3).
As shown in Figure 3: as the constant i.e. axial compression σ of the stress state residing for test specimen1With confined pressure σ2When keeping constant, The osmotic coefficient k of rock increases along with the increase of permeable pressure head p.
Table 1: the different osmotic difference p impact on rock permeability coefficient k
Axial compression σ1/MPa Confined pressure σ2/MPa Permeable pressure head p/MPa Osmotic coefficient k/(10-9m/s)
8 5 2 7.68
8 5 3 7.94
8 5 4 8.32

Claims (6)

1. the horizontal seepage flow of rock measures rock permeability ratio test device, it is characterised in that include examination Part apparatus system, axle force loading system, confined pressure system, gas pressure loading system, servo-control system and Computer controller.
Experimental rig the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described specimen appliance system includes Rock sample (25), upper rigidity platen (13), lower rigidity platen (14), transparence and there is favorable elasticity Rubber sleeve (7), the hollow feeler in the left side (8) of rubber sleeve (7), rubber sleeve (7) right side hollow touch Angle (10), left side annular button (9), right circular button (40), described upper rigidity platen (13) with Lower rigidity platen (14) is identical to position and shape in positive;Upper rigidity platen (13) is bottom-up, top Portion tips upside down on downwards rock sample (25) top, the bottom of lower rigidity platen (14) downwards, top upwards It is supported on the bottom of rock sample (25);The hollow feeler (8) of described rubber sleeve (7) two side and (10) Also in positive to position.
Experimental rig the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described gas pressure loading system Being provided with the hollow steel pipe that can be inserted into the hollow feeler in rubber sleeve (7) both sides, the steel pipe of air inlet is equipped with control Valve, is used for controlling whether gas flows through from steel pipe;Ring is used after the hollow feeler of steel pipe insertion rubber sleeve (7) Shape button (9) and (40) buckle, and prevent gas from escaping from the contact position of steel pipe and rubber sleeve (7), enter, Give vent to anger be equipped with at steel pipe air gauge I (19), air pressure Table II (20) and flow sensor I (18) and Flow sensor II (21);The Steel pipe end surface of the hollow feeler inserting rubber sleeve (7) is arc, it is ensured that steel Pipe and the perfect laminating of rock sample (25).
Experimental rig the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that use steady state method to measure rock and ooze Coefficient thoroughly.
Experimental rig the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that cylindrical rock sample (25) Size be 50mm × 100mm, and there is horizontal layer joint plane (46).
Experimental rig the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Gas seepage medium used is Nitrogen.
CN201610333058.7A 2016-05-19 2016-05-19 A kind of rock permeability coefficient measuring device and method Active CN105866004B (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106198351A (en) * 2016-08-04 2016-12-07 北京邮电大学 A kind of corn seepage coefficient test device and method
CN110231269A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-09-13 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of visualization true triaxial of claystone adds unloading seepage tests equipment
WO2020029497A1 (en) * 2018-08-06 2020-02-13 Xi'an University Of Science And Technology A seepage-creep and mechanical experimental system for coal and rock mass containing gas under triaxial loading in low-temperature environment
CN111157428A (en) * 2020-02-21 2020-05-15 河海大学 Method for measuring permeability of rock before and after grouting
CN112557203A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-03-26 核工业北京地质研究院 Hot hydraulic coupling triaxial test method for fractured rock
CN112816389A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-18 中国石油大学(北京) Multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device and application thereof
CN113029897A (en) * 2021-02-20 2021-06-25 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 Visual full-diameter seepage simulation device and method
CN113029896A (en) * 2021-02-20 2021-06-25 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 Full-diameter visual core radial flow clamping device and method
CN115420667A (en) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-02 中国矿业大学 Clamping device and method for measuring anisotropic permeability of layered rock

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106198351A (en) * 2016-08-04 2016-12-07 北京邮电大学 A kind of corn seepage coefficient test device and method
CN106198351B (en) * 2016-08-04 2023-10-20 北京邮电大学 Cereal seepage coefficient testing device and method
WO2020029497A1 (en) * 2018-08-06 2020-02-13 Xi'an University Of Science And Technology A seepage-creep and mechanical experimental system for coal and rock mass containing gas under triaxial loading in low-temperature environment
CN110231269A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-09-13 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of visualization true triaxial of claystone adds unloading seepage tests equipment
CN110231269B (en) * 2019-05-31 2024-03-01 中国地质大学(武汉) Visual true triaxial loading and unloading seepage test equipment for clay rock
CN111157428A (en) * 2020-02-21 2020-05-15 河海大学 Method for measuring permeability of rock before and after grouting
CN111157428B (en) * 2020-02-21 2024-07-26 河海大学 Method for measuring rock permeability before and after grouting
CN112557203A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-03-26 核工业北京地质研究院 Hot hydraulic coupling triaxial test method for fractured rock
CN112816389A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-18 中国石油大学(北京) Multidirectional multilayer full-diameter fracture core seepage simulation device and application thereof
CN113029897A (en) * 2021-02-20 2021-06-25 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 Visual full-diameter seepage simulation device and method
CN113029896A (en) * 2021-02-20 2021-06-25 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 Full-diameter visual core radial flow clamping device and method
CN115420667A (en) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-02 中国矿业大学 Clamping device and method for measuring anisotropic permeability of layered rock

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