CN202330233U - Experiment test device for permeability of rock core under condition of formation pressure - Google Patents
Experiment test device for permeability of rock core under condition of formation pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN202330233U CN202330233U CN2011204674749U CN201120467474U CN202330233U CN 202330233 U CN202330233 U CN 202330233U CN 2011204674749 U CN2011204674749 U CN 2011204674749U CN 201120467474 U CN201120467474 U CN 201120467474U CN 202330233 U CN202330233 U CN 202330233U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an experiment test device for the permeability of a rock core under the condition of formation pressure. The device comprises a rock core holder, a computer, a high-pressure air source, a high-pressure injection pump, at least two pressure sensors, a valve, a back pressure controller and a flow meter, wherein the rock core holder is used for holding a rock core sample; one channel of the high-pressure air source is connected with an outer layer of the rock core holder through the high-pressure injection pump, and the other channel of the high-pressure air source is connected with an air inlet of the rock core holder through the valve; pressure measurement holes are formed in the rock core holder and used for accommodating the pressure sensors; an air outlet of the rock core holder is sequentially connected with the back pressure controller and the flow meter; and the computer is respectively connected with the high-pressure injection pump, the pressure sensors, the valve, the back pressure controller and the flow meter. By adoption of the test device, the actual physical state of the rock core sample in the formation can be completely simulated, so the permeability of the rock core sample, which is tested according to the device, is scientific and accurate.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to oil-gas field development core experiment analytical technology, core permeability experiment test device under particularly a kind of reservoir pressure condition.
Background technology
The reservoir core permeability is the key parameter of the analysis of gas reservoir resource potential, gas well deliverability evaluation, development technique scheme working-out; Sandstone Gas Reservoir pore throat architectural feature is complicated; Reservoir permeability is low, adopts the normal experiment method of testing to be difficult to obtain the true permeability under the original reservoir conditions, causes that reservoir permeability changes because pore pressure descends in the performance history; Be that reservoir shows certain stress sensitivity, but still be short of very much for the experiment test and the analytical technology of this Changing Pattern of research.
The instrument that carries out the test of rock stress sensitive experiment at present is more, CMS-300, the rock mechanics test macro of complete main equipment such as U.S. Corelab rock core company.Adopt these methods; Its experimentation generally all is through increasing confined pressure simulation overburden pressure; Test the permeability of rock core under the different confined pressures, set up funtcional relationship, confirm the clean parameter value of going up under the effect of overlying strata pressure through funtcional relationship according to the Changing Pattern of permeability and confined pressure.Like document: Guo Ping. the repeatedly stress sensitive test and using of hypotonic gas reservoir. Southwest Petrol University's journal (natural science edition) .2008 April; Document: Xiao Cengli. low-permeability sandstone reservoir pressure susceptibility experimental study. drilling technology .2008 May.In these methods, nearly all be only to consider burden pressure, fluid initial formation pressure in the rock core hole is not considered, more rock core is not carried out stress and recover experiment.And do not have real simulation to test to conditions such as reservoir pressure, overburden pressure, temperature, so the test value that draws can not truly be represented the permeability under the original reservoir conditions.And the present experiment test method and apparatus of also really not setting up reservoir permeability Changing Pattern in the performance history, reservoir permeability variation characteristic in the performance history is still rested in theoretical supposition and the guess.Therefore, can not carry out the science test to the formation condition core permeability through existing experimental technique.
Summary of the invention
The fundamental purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem that exists in the prior art, and core permeability experiment test device under a kind of reservoir pressure condition is provided.
The purpose of the utility model is achieved through following technical proposals:
Core permeability experiment test device is characterized in that under the reservoir pressure condition, comprising: core holding unit, computing machine, high-pressure air source, high pressure syringe pump, at least two pressure transducers, valve, back pressure controller and flowmeters;
Said core holding unit is in order to the clamping core sample; This core holding unit is cylindric, and its skin is the interlayer framework;
Said high-pressure air source is in order to provide gases at high pressure; This high-pressure air source is leaded up to said high pressure syringe pump and is connected with the skin of core holding unit, in order to the outer fluid that injects of core holding unit is increased confined pressure; Another road of this high-pressure air source is connected with the air intake opening of core holding unit through said valve, in order to charge into fluid in the hole to the folded core sample of core holding unit; Control opening or closing of this gas transmission circuit through this valve;
Said core holding unit is provided with pressure tap, in order to install said pressure transducer; This pressure transducer is in order to the pore pressure of testing rock core sample;
The gas outlet of said core holding unit connect successively said back pressure controller and and flowmeter; Said back pressure controller is in order to the hydrodynamic pressure in the passage of control gas outlet; Said flowmeter is in order to detect the Fluid Volume that is flowed out by the gas outlet passage;
Said computing machine links to each other with flowmeter with high pressure syringe pump, pressure transducer, valve, back pressure controller respectively; Through this computing machine respectively in order to the control high pressure syringe pump to core holding unit outer inject the opening or closing of fluid, valve, to the setting of back pressure controller back pressure value; And the Fluid Volume that receives the pore pressure value of each pressure transducer test and the gas outlet passage outflow that flowmeter detects.
Saidly through high pressure syringe pump core holding unit is injected the confined pressure that fluid applies equal the overburden pressure that core sample is born under the ground layer state.
The initial back pressure value of said back pressure controller setting is the initial formation pressure that core sample is born under the ground layer state.
The said axial direction straight line along core holding unit of said pressure tap is equidistantly arranged.
On the gas transmission circuit of the air intake opening of said high-pressure air source to core holding unit, also can be provided with pressure regulator valve; Said pressure regulator valve is in order to regulate the distribution pressure of this gas transmission circuit.
Air intake opening and place, gas outlet at said core holding unit also are respectively arranged with two pressure transducers; The stream pressure that this pressure transducer that is arranged at air intake opening and gas outlet place is located in order to the air intake opening of testing rock core clamper and gas outlet respectively, and the stream pressure of being tested is back to the computing machine that is attached thereto.
Through the utility model embodiment; Not only simulated core sample and in the stratum, received overburden pressure through core holding unit; Also simulated the initial formation pressure that core sample is applied by side hole inner fluid in the stratum through the back pressure controller that is arranged on core holding unit gas outlet end; And recover the hydrodynamic pressure in the internal void of this core sample own; Thereby simulation has recovered the actual physical state of this core sample in the stratum fully, has overcome the deficiency of existing dependence test experimental design, and feasible core sample permeability of being tested based on this experiment test device is science, more accurate more.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide the further understanding to the utility model, constitutes the application's a part, does not constitute the qualification to the utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a core permeability experiment test method flow diagram under the reservoir pressure condition;
Fig. 2 is core sample permeability variation synoptic diagram in stress recovery;
Fig. 3 is a core permeability experiment test apparatus structure synoptic diagram under the reservoir pressure condition.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the utility model is clearer,, the utility model is explained further details below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.At this, exemplary embodiment of the utility model and explanation thereof are used to explain the utility model, but not as the qualification to the utility model.
To the problem that exists in the aforementioned pointed prior art; The utility model is except considering the overburden pressure to rock core; Also considered fluid initial formation pressure in the rock core hole; And the factors such as pressure variation that rock core stress recovers in the oil-gas mining process, designed the core permeability experiment test method of the utility model.Fig. 1 is a core permeability experiment test method flow diagram under the utility model reservoir pressure condition.As shown in Figure 1, this core permeability experiment test method comprises the steps:
1, core sample is packed in the core holding unit, and core holding unit is added confined pressure through high pressure syringe pump.
Before core holding unit that core sample is packed into, need be to the core sample type selecting.Core sample is generally the piston-shaped of rule, and its diameter can be divided into several kinds of 2.5CM, 3.8CM, 10CM, and length is 5-100CM.
Wherein, said core holding unit adopts high pressure resistant, high-temperature material to process the highest 70MPa pressure that bears, 150 ℃ of the highest withstand temperatures.This high pressure syringe pump by computer controlled automatic core holding unit is injected water or gas realizes increasing confined pressure, thereby makes core holding unit wrap up the core sample of packing into wherein.But, the water under high pressure or the gas that are injected by high pressure syringe pump can only contact with rubber sleeve, can not directly contact with the core sample surface.
In addition, high pressure syringe pump adds the confined pressure size to core holding unit should equal the overburden pressure that core sample is born under the ground layer state.So-called overburden pressure is a core sample at the pressure that former position of stratum of living in bore is bestowed by superincumbent stratum, and its numerical value can calculate through core sample depth of stratum of living in and get.Through core holding unit core sample is applied the confined pressure that equates with its overburden pressure, can simulate core sample receives overburden pressure in the stratum state.
2, regulate the back pressure controller and be arranged on initial back pressure value.
This back pressure controller is arranged on the gas outlet end of said core holding unit, in order to control the hydrodynamic pressure in this gas outlet passage.When the pore pressure in the core sample is higher than the back pressure value of this back pressure controller setting, then can flow out by the gas outlet passage, if be lower than this back pressure value, then can't flow out.Limited the threshold pression that core sample inner pore pressure flows out through this back pressure controller.
Through this back pressure controller is set, this experiment test has been simulated core sample suffered initial formation pressure of its hole inner fluid in the stratum.So-called initial formation pressure is exactly by pressure that fluid produced in the hole of rock core.Based on this, described initial back pressure value should be set to the initial formation pressure that core sample is born under the ground layer state.
3, in the hole of core sample, charge into gas, treat the pore pressure balance of core sample after, stop inflation and close source of the gas.
This step, through in the hole of core sample, charging into gas, thereby the simulation core sample is full of the state of fluid in its hole in the stratum.Wherein the body of inflating be the air or the nitrogen of the drying that provides by high-pressure air source.The pore pressure balance of said core sample is meant that the gaseous tension in each position hole is consistent in the core sample.Specifically, be meant that mainly the hole gaseous tension of air intake side and air outlet side of core sample is consistent.Because, aforementionedly be arranged on initial formation pressure through regulating the back pressure controller, controlled the threshold pression that core sample inner pore pressure flows out.Therefore, should be stabilized in aforementioned initial formation pressure through after the pore pressure balance of this step core sample.
Like this; Add inflation in the hole of confined pressure and step 2,3 pairs of core samples through abovementioned steps 1 pair of core sample; Core sample suffered overburden pressure, initial formation pressure of applying by side hole inner fluid in the stratum have been simulated; And recover the hydrodynamic pressure in the internal void of this core sample own, thus simulation has recovered the actual physical state of this core sample in the stratum fully, for the follow-up permeability experiment test that carries out is got ready.After simulating the state that has recovered in the stratum fully when this core sample, stop its inflation and close source of the gas,, prepare to carry out test experiments so that it remains on the state in the stratum.
4, the permeability of core sample is tested, and record permeability test result.
Existing experimental technique in order to the testing rock core permeability has a lot, and what specifically adopt in the present embodiment is the permeability test that steady state method carries out.So-called steady state method is meant that (wherein, K is a permeability based on Darcy formula
; Q is the experiment test flow; μ is a tested media viscosity; L is a rock core length; A is long-pending for the rock core overflow section; Δ P is a displacement pressure reduction), the experimental technique of the permeability of rock core being tested according to airshed stable in the gas drive process.Because this steady state method core permeability experimental technique just no longer is described in detail it at this for existing mature experiment test technology.
In addition, in order to guarantee the accuracy of test data of experiment, the utility model has also adopted the method for fixed time test.The method of so-called fixed time test is meant that the long time of every fixed interval carries out once above-mentioned permeability test experiments; Obtain the permeability test result; At least twice permeability test result is consistent continuously, the permeability test result that is this core sample with this permeability test result then.Through the method for this fixed time test, can guarantee that measured permeability is the result who under the in stable condition situation of core sample, records, thereby guarantee the accuracy of test data of experiment.In the present embodiment, the time of said fixed length is set to 2 hours.Certainly, the time of this fixed length can be adjusted according to the experiment needs, should the protection domain that duration limits the utility model specifically be set with it.
Through core permeability experiment test method under the reservoir pressure condition that above-mentioned the utility model designed; This experiment has not only been simulated core sample through core holding unit and in the stratum, has been received overburden pressure; Also simulated the initial formation pressure that core sample is applied by side hole inner fluid in the stratum through the back pressure controller that is arranged on core holding unit gas outlet end; And recover the hydrodynamic pressure in the internal void of this core sample own; Thereby simulation has recovered the actual physical state of this core sample in the stratum fully, has overcome the deficiency of existing dependence test experimental design.Therefore, can carry out the more test of science to the core permeability under the reservoir pressure condition, obtain core sample penetration value more accurately based on the core permeability experiment test method that above-mentioned the utility model designed.
Considerable in addition is that in the gas reservoir development process, along with gas storage is constantly developed, the pore pressure of reservoir also can constantly descend.And along with the continuous decline of the pore pressure of reservoir, the permeability of rock core also can correspondingly change.And do not see consideration in the existing dependence test experiment to this problem, so the utility model also is provided with following step to this problem on the basis of above-mentioned experiment test method:
5, quantitatively regulate the back pressure value that the back pressure controller is provided with, discharge the pore pressure of said core sample, and adopt the described method of step 4 that the permeability of core sample is tested, and record permeability test result.
The back pressure value of said quantitative adjusting back pressure controller; The stepping that is generally equal difference reduces the back pressure value of back pressure controller; Thereby discharge the pressure in the core sample hole at interval, along with gas storage is constantly developed, the pore pressure of core sample place reservoir is the process of decline constantly with simulation.Wherein, the force value of said stepping adjusting can be 2MPa, 5MPa etc.Above-mentioned steps 5 can continue circulation and carry out, till the pore pressure of core sample drops to atmospheric pressure.To the continuous adjustment of back pressure controller back pressure value and the test of core sample permeability, finally obtain core sample as shown in Figure 2 permeability variation synoptic diagram in stress recovery through above-mentioned steps.Can instruct the grasp that in the gas reservoir development process, reservoir permeability is changed according to this figure, thus auxiliary formulation to the exploitation technical scheme.
Fig. 3 is a core permeability experiment test apparatus structure synoptic diagram under the utility model reservoir pressure condition.Above-mentioned experiment test method just is being based on that this device implements to carry out.As shown in the figure, this core permeability experiment test device comprises: core holding unit CG, computer PC, high-pressure air source GR, high pressure syringe pump HP-100A, at least two pressure transducers, valve V1, back pressure controller BP and flowmeter Q.
Said core holding unit CG is in order to the clamping core sample.This core holding unit CG is cylindric, and its skin is the interlayer framework.Fluids such as this interlayer filled water or gas, thus make core holding unit can wrap up the core sample of packing into wherein, core sample is applied confined pressure.
Said high-pressure air source GR is in order to provide gases at high pressure.This high-pressure air source GR is divided into two-way output gases at high pressure.The said high pressure syringe pump HP-100A of leading up to is connected with the skin of core holding unit CG, in order to the outer fluids such as water or gas that inject of core holding unit CG are realized increasing confined pressure.Because core sample suffered overburden pressure in the stratum is very high, often will be higher than the air pressure that high-pressure air source GR is provided.Therefore, this high pressure syringe pump HP-100A is in order to further pressure gas here, and the gas of high pressure applies confined pressure to provide more.Another road is connected with the air intake opening of core holding unit CG through said valve V1, and in order to charging into gas in the hole to the folded core sample of core holding unit CG, thereby the simulation core sample is full of the state of fluid in its hole in the stratum.V1 controls opening or closing of this gas transmission circuit through this valve.
Said core holding unit CG is provided with pressure tap, in order to install said pressure transducer.This pressure transducer is in order to the pore pressure of testing rock core sample.This pressure tap is equidistantly arranged along the axial direction straight line of core holding unit CG usually.Like this, just can monitor the pore pressure of core sample uniformly from each position between air intake opening to gas outlet, thus for weighing whether balance of core sample pore pressure, and carry out the test of core sample permeability, the data basis is provided.In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, on core holding unit CG, specifically be provided with five pressure taps, respectively in order to installing pressure transducer PS1, PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5.
The gas outlet of said core holding unit CG connects said back pressure controller BP and and flowmeter Q successively.Said back pressure controller BP is in order to the hydrodynamic pressure in the passage of control gas outlet.When the pore pressure in the core sample is higher than the back pressure value of this back pressure controller setting, then can flow out by the gas outlet passage, if be lower than this back pressure value, then can't flow out.Limited the threshold pression that core sample inner pore pressure flows out through this back pressure controller.Said flowmeter Q is in order to detect the Fluid Volume that is flowed out by the gas outlet passage.
Said computer PC links to each other with flowmeter Q with high pressure syringe pump HP-100A, pressure transducer, valve V1, back pressure controller BP respectively.Through this computing machine respectively in order to control high pressure syringe pump HP-100A to core holding unit CG outerly inject the opening or closing of fluids such as water or gas, valve V1, to the setting of back pressure controller BP back pressure value; And the Fluid Volume that receives the pore pressure value of each pressure transducer test and the gas outlet passage outflow that flowmeter detects.
As shown in Figure 3, to the gas transmission circuit of the air intake opening of core holding unit CG, also can be provided with pressure regulator valve PR at said high-pressure air source GR.This pressure regulator valve PR is in order to regulate the distribution pressure of this gas transmission circuit.
In addition, also be provided with pressure transducer PS6, PS7 respectively in addition at air intake opening and the place, gas outlet of said core holding unit CG.This pressure transducer PS6, PS7 be respectively in order to the stream pressure at the air intake opening of testing rock core clamper CG and place, gas outlet, and the stream pressure of being tested is back to the computer PC that is attached thereto.Through pressure transducer PS6, PS7 being set, can weighing whether balance of core sample inner pore pressure in order to detect, and can calculate upstream and downstream displacement pressure reduction, with the calculating of auxiliary permeability at the air intake opening of core holding unit and place, gas outlet.
In sum; The utility model is through core permeability experiment test device design under the above-mentioned reservoir pressure condition; Providing a kind of not only can simulate core sample through core holding unit and in the stratum, received overburden pressure; Can also simulate the initial formation pressure that core sample is applied by side hole inner fluid in the stratum through the back pressure controller that is arranged on core holding unit gas outlet end, and recover the experimental provision of the hydrodynamic pressure in the internal void of this core sample own.Thereby simulation has recovered the actual physical state of this core sample in the stratum fully, has overcome the deficiency of existing dependence test experimental design.Therefore, can carry out the more test of science to the core permeability under the reservoir pressure condition, obtain core sample penetration value more accurately based on the core permeability experiment test device that above-mentioned the utility model designed.Those skilled in the art's any not creative transformation of doing under this design philosophy all should be regarded as within the protection domain of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. core permeability experiment test device under the reservoir pressure condition is characterized in that, comprising: core holding unit, computing machine, high-pressure air source, high pressure syringe pump, at least two pressure transducers, valve, back pressure controller and flowmeters;
Said core holding unit is in order to the clamping core sample; This core holding unit is cylindric, and its skin is the interlayer framework;
Said high-pressure air source is in order to provide gases at high pressure; This high-pressure air source is leaded up to said high pressure syringe pump and is connected with the skin of core holding unit, in order to the outer fluid that injects of core holding unit is increased confined pressure; Another road of this high-pressure air source is connected with the air intake opening of core holding unit through said valve, in order to charge into fluid in the hole to the folded core sample of core holding unit; Control opening or closing of this gas transmission circuit through this valve;
Said core holding unit is provided with pressure tap, in order to install said pressure transducer; This pressure transducer is in order to the pore pressure of testing rock core sample;
The gas outlet of said core holding unit connect successively said back pressure controller and and flowmeter; Said back pressure controller is in order to the hydrodynamic pressure in the passage of control gas outlet; Said flowmeter is in order to detect the Fluid Volume that is flowed out by the gas outlet passage;
Said computing machine links to each other with flowmeter with high pressure syringe pump, pressure transducer, valve, back pressure controller respectively; Through this computing machine respectively in order to the control high pressure syringe pump to core holding unit outer inject the opening or closing of fluid, valve, to the setting of back pressure controller back pressure value; And the Fluid Volume that receives the pore pressure value of each pressure transducer test and the gas outlet passage outflow that flowmeter detects.
2. core permeability experiment test device under the reservoir pressure condition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: saidly through high pressure syringe pump core holding unit is injected the confined pressure that fluid applies equal the overburden pressure that core sample is born under the ground layer state.
3. core permeability experiment test device under the reservoir pressure condition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the initial back pressure value of said back pressure controller setting is the initial formation pressure that core sample is born under the ground layer state.
4. core permeability experiment test device under the reservoir pressure condition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the said axial direction straight line along core holding unit of said pressure tap is equidistantly arranged.
5. core permeability experiment test device under the reservoir pressure condition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: on the gas transmission circuit of the air intake opening of said high-pressure air source to core holding unit, also can be provided with pressure regulator valve; Said pressure regulator valve is in order to regulate the distribution pressure of this gas transmission circuit.
6. core permeability experiment test device under the reservoir pressure condition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: air intake opening and place, gas outlet at said core holding unit also are respectively arranged with two pressure transducers; The stream pressure that this pressure transducer that is arranged at air intake opening and gas outlet place is located in order to the air intake opening of testing rock core clamper and gas outlet respectively, and the stream pressure of being tested is back to the computing machine that is attached thereto.
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