CN105865222B - Quenching heat exchanger - Google Patents
Quenching heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865222B CN105865222B CN201610275905.9A CN201610275905A CN105865222B CN 105865222 B CN105865222 B CN 105865222B CN 201610275905 A CN201610275905 A CN 201610275905A CN 105865222 B CN105865222 B CN 105865222B
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- ring
- housing
- chilling
- inner cavity
- outlet
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
- F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
- F28C3/08—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour with change of state, e.g. absorption, evaporation, condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a quenching heat exchanger for cooling flue gas. The quenching heat exchanger comprises a shell, a quenching ring, a water retaining ring plate and a secondary quenching device, wherein the quenching ring, the water retaining ring plate and the secondary quenching device are arranged in the shell; the flue gas enters from an inlet of the heat exchanger, and sequentially passes through the quenching ring, the water retaining ring plate and the secondary quenching device; a plurality of spray holes are arranged in the quenching ring; and the distribution density of the spray holes is reduced upwards from a quenching ring gap. According to the quenching heat exchanger provided by the invention, the optimal effect of heat exchange is realized through arrangement of up-down hole diameters of the spray holes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the civilian formula chilling heat exchange of field of heat exchangers, more particularly, to a kind of flue gas and water direct contact heat-exchanging
Device.Present invention is mainly applied to the CIU of danger wastes containing halogen.
Background technology
With the development of chemical industry, the chemical products production capacity containing halogen is drastically amplified, and environmental issue increasingly highlights,
The waste gas producing in its production process, waste liquid contains the extremely active halogen Organic substance of a large amount of chemical property.Burn such
Garbage must assure that in the flue gas after purification, two English meet state environmental emissioning standard, can arrange chilling dress in technological process
Put, prevent the regeneration of two English, generally face away from the regeneration temperature range of two English, by flue-gas temperature from 500 DEG C of rapid drawdowns to
200℃.But for halogen element content in garbage, more than 5% or flue gas less danger waste burning system is it is impossible to utilize waste heat recovery
Device reclaims heat it is impossible to 1100 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas after burning directly are cooled to less than 200 DEG C, existing quencher structure is no
Method realizes this technological requirement.
Content of the invention
The present invention proposes one kind high, complicated component CIU quenching apparatus that are applied to such cigarette temperature, can be by flue-gas temperature
From 1400 DEG C or more of the direct rapid drawdowns of high-temperature flue gas to 100 DEG C of water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature, avoid the regeneration temperature of two English
Degree is interval, the generation of suppression two English, effectively absorbs the corrosive gas in flue gas simultaneously, and in effective trapping flue gas
Solid particle.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas, including chilling housing, chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus, institute
State chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus are arranged in housing, flue gas enters from heat exchanger entrance, sequentially passes through Quench
Ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus.
Preferably, described housing includes converging transition and divergent segment, converging transition and divergent segment are connected by trunnion section；Described
Flue gas enters from converging transition, passes through divergent segment again, arrange chilling ring in the smoke inlet position of converging transition after first passing through converging transition.
Preferably, described chilling ring is hollow ring body structure, described chilling ring includes interior ring cavity and outer ring cavity, described shell
In body insertion chilling ring, described interior ring cavity includes shell and internal partition.Described internal partition and housing form inner cavity chamber, internal partition with
The cavity that chilling ring shell, housing are formed is outer ring cavity, and interior ring cavity and outer ring cavity form annular along housing respectively, and mutually interconnect
Logical.
Preferably, the outlet of described chilling ring is made up of Quench annular space and spray apertures, Quench annular space be chilling ring shell and
The annulus being formed between housing, spray apertures are arranged on Quench shell；The annular of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is circle
Structure, and inner cavity chamber and exocoel are concentric structure；The center of circle of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is arranged on the shell in chilling ring
On body, the refrigerant inlet of described inner cavity chamber is arranged at the home position of housing；Described chilling ring includes inlet, described
Inlet is arranged on the outside of housing；Described inlet is pipe, and the center of circle of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is arranged on pipe
On the extended line of centrage.
Preferably, the shell of described chilling ring includes following four parts：It is connected with hull outside, and with respect to shell
The Part I that body stretches out, then starts the Part II extending straight up from the Part I end away from housing,
The Part III extending internally then along Part II end horizontal, is finally the Part IV of loop configuration, the described 4th
Part forms annulus with enclosure；
The distance in the position that described Part I is connected with housing and the center of circle is greater than Part IV and is formed with housing
Annular space and the center of circle distance；
One end of the internal partition of described inner cavity chamber is connected to the end of housing, and the other end is connected on housing, interior every
Ring cavity outlet in setting on plate, the distance of described interior ring cavity outlet and internal partition one end be greater than with the other end of internal partition away from
From；The Part IV setting outer ring cavity outlet of described exocoel.
Preferably, the angle of the Part I of described housing and chilling ring shell is A, the annular of described inner cavity chamber
Radius is R1, and the annular radius of exocoel are R2, and described inner cavity chamber exports line and exocoel outlet and the center of circle with the center of circle
The angle that formed of line be C, the included angle B that the outlet of described inner cavity chamber is formed with housing, described included angle B is less than exocoel and exports
The angle being formed with housing；Meet equation below：
Sin(A)/Sin(B)=a*Ln(R1/R2)+b*(R1/R2)+c
Wherein Ln is exponential function, and a, b, c are coefficients,
0.084<a<0.086,0.23<b<0.26,
For c, take following value mode：
Work as R1/R2<0.5, 0.83<c<0.9；
Work as R1/R2>0.5,0.78<c<0.83；
Work as R1/R2=0.5, c=0.83；
0.4<R1/R2<0.6；
18°<A<50°；
14°<B<45°；
R1=10 ~ 300, unit mm；
R2=12.5 ~ 400, unit mm；
C=B
Preferably, arranging multiple spray apertures on quenching ring, along from Quench annular space upwards, the aperture of described spray apertures is got over
Come less；Preferably, the amplitude that the aperture of described spray apertures diminishes is also increasing.
Preferably, arranging multiple spray apertures on quenching ring, along from Quench annular space upwards, the distribution of described spray apertures is close
Degree is less and less；Preferably, the amplitude that the distribution density of described spray apertures diminishes is also increasing.
Preferably, two grades of quenching apparatus are by guiding coil pipe, along the atomizer of guiding coil pipe distribution be arranged on
The center atomizer composition of positioning disk tube hub, described atomizer is connected with guiding coil pipe and to guiding coil pipe center
Extending, described center atomizer passes through connect with guiding coil pipe communicating pipe, guiding coil pipe to pass through communicating pipe by fluid
Pass to center atomizer.
Preferably, described dash ring flat-plate is arranged between quenching ring and two grades of quenching apparatus, dash ring flat-plate and housing
Inwall be connected and stretch out from inwall.
First for prior art, the present invention has following effect：
1. the present invention adopts two grades of coolings, with a large amount of circulation alkali liquors and smoke contacts, vaporization, can quickly, uniformly, efficiently
Ground reduces flue-gas temperature.
2. the present invention passes through, using two grades of quick coolings, to avoid the regeneration temperature range of two English, can will be up to
1400 DEG C or more of the direct rapid drawdown of high-temperature flue gas, to 100 DEG C of water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature, effectively absorbs in flue gas simultaneously
Solid particle in corrosive gas, and effective trapping flue gas.
3. the present invention passes through to design new chilling ring structure, and is optimized the knot it is determined that optimal to chilling ring structure
Structure size, thus reach the cooling effect of optimum.
4. pass through the setting of the upper and lower aperture of spray apertures or density, realize the optimum efficiency of heat exchange.
5. control the flow of circulation alkali liquor by monitor value.
6. take new two grade chiller structure, realize secondary heat exchange.
7. heat exchanger is taken civilian formula structure, accelerate flue gas flow rate, near swiftly flowing flue gas, produce low pressure, thus
Produce adsorption, strengthen the disturbance of flue gas and fogged lye, increase the contact area of alkali liquor and flue gas, make flue gas extremely short
Time in reach with fogged lye and uniformly mix.
8. pass through the setting of two grades of chiller structures spraying quantity or the setting of the quantity of spray nozzle, realize two grades
Heat exchange optimum efficiency.
Brief description
The civilian formula quencher total figure structure chart that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention
Fig. 2 is one-level quenching apparatus schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is two grades of quenching apparatus schematic diagrams
Fig. 4 is the parameter schematic diagram of Fig. 2
Description of reference numerals：1- high-temperature flue gas entry；2- chilling ring；3- dash ring flat-plate；Bis- grades of quenching apparatus of 4-；5- chilling
Housing；6- exhanst gas outlet；7- circulation alkali liquor exports；8- guides coil pipe；9- coil inlet；10- atomizer；11- center is atomized
Nozzle；12- chilling ring housing；13- internal partition；14- spray hole；Ring cavity outlet in 15-；16- Quench annular space；The outer ring cavity of 17-；
Ring cavity in 18-；Ring cavity entrance in 19-；20- chilling ring entrance；21- venturi mixing chamber；22- separation chamber；23- tank；24- is gradually
Contracting section；25- trunnion section, 26- divergent segment；27 Part I, 28 Part II, 29 Part III, 30 Part IV, 31 connections
Pipe.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the overall profile of rapid-cooling heat exchanger.As shown in figure 1, described rapid-cooling heat exchanger includes housing 5, institute
State housing 5 and include converging transition 24 and divergent segment 26, converging transition 24 and divergent segment 26 are connected by trunnion section 25；Described flue gas is from gradually
Contracting section 24 enters, and passes through divergent segment 26 again, arrange chilling ring in smoke inlet 1 position of converging transition 24 after first passing through converging transition 24
2.
As shown in Fig. 2 described chilling ring 2 is hollow ring body structure.Described chilling ring 2 includes interior ring cavity 18 and outer ring cavity
17, in described housing 5 insertion chilling ring 2, as shown in Fig. 2 described chilling ring 2 includes shell 12 and internal partition 13.Described interior every
Plate 13 and housing 5 form inner cavity chamber 18, and the cavity that internal partition 13 is formed with chilling ring shell 12, housing 5 is outer ring cavity 17.Internal ring
Chamber 18 and outer ring cavity 17 form annular along housing 5 respectively, and are interconnected.
Ring cavity 18 in setting inside chilling ring, is prevented effectively from the disturbance that outer ring cavity causes because of spray apertures, thus strengthening Quench
Annular space 16 forms the stability of moisture film.
Described chilling ring 2 exports and is made up of Quench annular space 16 and spray apertures 14.Quench annular space 16 is chilling ring shell 12 He
The annulus being formed between chilling housing 5.Spray apertures 14 are arranged on Quench shell 12.
Because the presence of Quench annular space 16 is so that the liquid of cooled flue gas forms the moisture film of uniform decline in inner walls,
Avoid high-temperature flue gas and chilling housing 5 directly contact, be effectively protected chilling housing 5.
Preferably, the injection direction of spray apertures 14 and converging transition centrage, that is, along Fig. 1 vertical direction angle be 75 °.
From section, as shown in Fig. 2 the annular of described inner cavity chamber 18 and exocoel 17 is circular configuration, and inner cavity chamber
18 and exocoel 17 be concentric structure.
Preferably, the center of circle of described inner cavity chamber 18 and exocoel 17 is arranged on the housing 5 in chilling ring 12, Er Qiezuo
Refrigerant inlet 19 for preferred, described inner cavity chamber 18 is arranged at the home position of housing 5.By being arranged such, pass through
Experiment finds, can greatly reduce the resistance of cooling liquid flowing, improve the coefficient of heat transfer.
Described chilling ring includes inlet 20, and described inlet 20 is arranged on the outside of housing 5.Described inlet is circle
Pipe, on the extended line of centrage that the center of circle of described inner cavity chamber 18 and exocoel 17 is arranged on pipe.
By being arranged such, it is found through experiments, with respect to other designs, it is possible to reduce the resistance of cooling liquid flowing,
Extend the service life of equipment.
In the outside of rapid-cooling heat exchanger, the shell of described chilling ring includes following four parts：Connect with outside housing 5
Connect, and the Part I 27 stretching out with respect to housing 5, then start vertically from Part I 27 end away from housing 5
Upwardly extending Part II 28, the Part III 29 extending internally then along Part II 28 end horizontal, is finally ring
The Part IV 30 of shape structure, described Part IV 30 is internally formed annulus 16 with shell 5.
Preferably, the position that described Part I 27 is connected with housing 5 is greater than the 4th with the distance in the center of circle
Divide the distance of 30 annular spaces 16 being formed with housing 5 and the center of circle.
One end of the internal partition 13 of described inner cavity chamber 18 is connected to the end of housing 5, and the other end is connected on housing 5.
Ring cavity outlet 15 in setting on internal partition 13.The distance of described interior ring cavity outlet 15 and internal partition 13 one end be greater than with interior every
The distance of the other end of plate 13.It is positioned close at the position of internal partition 13 other end, the Part IV of described exocoel 17
30 settings outer ring cavity outlet 14.
Preferably, the included angle B that described inner cavity chamber's outlet 15 is formed with housing 5 is less than exocoel outlet（Spray
Hole 14）The angle being formed with housing 5.By above-mentioned setting it is meant that the outlet of inner cavity chamber is closer to housing 5 it is meant that exocoel
The outlet of room is higher than the outlet of inner cavity chamber.By above-mentioned setting, so that the space of inner cavity chamber 17 becomes big, buffering is from entrance
The impact of the fluid of 20 entrance, reduces the resistance of inner cavity chamber.
Preferably, the extended line of the centrage of inner cavity chamber's outlet 15 passes through the center of circle.Preferably, the center of spray apertures 14
The extended line of line passes through the center of circle.
Described housing 5 and the angle of the Part I of chilling ring shell are A, and the annular radius of described inner cavity chamber 18 are
R1, the annular radius of exocoel 17 are R2, and described inner cavity chamber exports the line of the line with the center of circle and spray apertures 14 and the center of circle
The angle being formed is C, and that is, exocoel outlet and the line in the center of circle are B+C with the angle of housing 5 formation.It is found through experiments, half
Footpath R1 is excessive, and R2 is too small, causes the flow resistance in exocoel 18 too big, and inner cavity chamber's flow resistance is too small, leads to fluid to lead to
Cross spray apertures outwards injection away from too far away, lead to heat transfer effect poor, and R1 be too small, R2 is excessive, then can lead to inner chamber chamber pressure
Excessive, and exocoel chamber pressure is too small, it is too near to again result in jet length, leads to heat transfer effect too poor.For included angle A, with
Sample can not be excessive, if excessive, leads to inlet 20 spray angle too inclined, leads to the fluid of entrance inner cavity chamber very little, and
A large amount of fluids can be led to overstock between the housing 5 and Part I of exocoel 17, increased resistance, equally, for included angle B
Need to meet certain requirement, if B is too little, substantial amounts of fluid can go out along chilling ring clearance flow, affect heat exchange, if mistake
Greatly, then lead to inner chamber room pressure excessive, the fluid of inner cavity chamber flows out difficulty.For angle C, if too small, lead to fluid
Jet with downward flow direction, rather than to central-injection, if excessive, lead to exocoel fluid resistance excessive, lead to fluid injection distance
Too near.Therefore R1, R2, included angle A, B, C need to meet some requirements so as to heat transfer effect reaches optimum.
Therefore, the present invention is the optimal quenching ring being summed up by the test data of multiple various sizes of quenching rings
Size relationship.Because quenching ring also has the variables such as angle, radius, therefore, characteristic sin (A), sin (B), R1/R2 are introduced,
From the optimum efficiency of cooling high temperature flue gas, calculate various ways, finally determine best relation formula.Described size is closed
System is as follows：
Sin(A)/Sin(B)=a*Ln(R1/R2)+b*(R1/R2)+c
Wherein Ln is exponential function, and a, b, c are coefficients,
0.084<a<0.086,0.23<b<0.26,
For c, take following value mode：
Work as R1/R2<0.5, 0.83<c<0.9；
Work as R1/R2>0.5,0.78<c<0.83；
Work as R1/R2=0.5, c=0.83；
0.4<R1/R2<0.6；
18°<A<50°；
14°<B<45°；
R1=10 ~ 300, unit mm；
R2=12.5 ~ 400, unit mm；
C=B
Tested again after result of calculation, by calculating the numerical value on border and intermediate value, the result of gained is basic
Above match with formula, substantially within 3%, maximum relative error is less than 5% to error, and mean error is 2.2%.
Preferably, 100mm<R1<200mm, 170mm<R2<350mm；
Further preferably, 130mm<R1<170mm, 210mm<R2<340mm；
Further preferably, 140mm<R1<160mm, 240mm<R2<300mm；
The optimum of coefficient optimization is：A is 0.085, b is 0.245, works as R1/R2<0.5, c=0.85, work as R1/R2>
0.5, c=0.81.
Preferably, with the increase of R1/R2, c is less and less.By arrange c change so that calculate error more
Little.
The parameters of structural dimension do not mentioned for others, is designed using conventional standard.
Preferably, from Quench annular space 16 to Part III and Part IV link position, on Part IV 30, setting is many
Individual spray apertures 15.Certainly, Fig. 2 show only one, but is not limited to the schematic diagram of Fig. 2.From Quench annular space 16 to the 3rd
Divide and Part IV link position, the aperture of described spray apertures 15 is less and less.Main cause is on the one hand to ensure cooling liquid
Distribution it is ensured that the spray apertures on top can obtain enough fluid pressures it is ensured that spraying effect, on the other hand, mainly examine
Consider heat transfer effect.It is found through experiments, is arranged such, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide heat exchange amount 20% about.Main cause is changed similar to shell-and-tube
The adverse current of hot device, when following current, at entry position, heat exchange amount is maximum, but final heat exchange amount but diminishes, and adverse current is changed
Heat, heat exchange amount all ratios of whole heat transfer process are more uniform, therefore the present invention adopt this kind of strategy, similar to countercurrent flow it is ensured that
Maximum heat transfer effect.
Preferably, the amplitude that the aperture of described spray apertures 15 diminishes is also increasing.By being arranged such, by experiment
Find, heat transfer effect, with respect to being uniformly arranged, improves 5% about.
Preferably, from Quench annular space 16 to Part III and Part IV link position, on Part IV 30, setting is many
Individual spray apertures 15.Certainly, Fig. 2 show only one, but is not limited to the schematic diagram of Fig. 2.From Quench annular space 16 to the 3rd
Divide and Part IV link position, the distribution density of described spray apertures 15 is less and less.Main cause is on the one hand to ensure cooling
The distribution of liquid is it is ensured that the spray apertures on top can obtain enough fluid pressures it is ensured that spraying effect, on the other hand, mainly
It is to consider heat transfer effect.It is found through experiments, is arranged such, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide heat exchange amount 20% about.Main cause is similar to shell
The adverse current of formula heat exchanger, when following current, at entry position, heat exchange amount is maximum, but final heat exchange amount but diminishes, and inverse
Stream heat exchange, heat exchange amount all ratios of whole heat transfer process are more uniform, and therefore the present invention adopts this kind of strategy, similar to countercurrent flow,
Ensure maximum heat transfer effect.
Preferably, the amplitude that the distribution density of described spray apertures 15 diminishes is also increasing.By being arranged such, pass through
Experiment finds, heat transfer effect, with respect to being uniformly arranged, improves 5% about.
When arranging multiple spray apertures, what the angle C in formula above took is closest to interior ring cavity outlet 15
Spray apertures and interior ring cavity outlet 15 and the center of circle between formed angle.
It should be noted that the angle of the line of formation herein or distance are all to be calculated with central point or centrage
Angle or distance.For example, what the link position of Part I 27 and housing 5 was taken is exactly that centerline to calculate itself and the center of circle
Distance, the center of circle also is located at the middle part of the wall of housing 5, and inner/outer diameter is also the housing to inner chamber or the place of exocoel for the center of circle
Middle part, i.e. the half of thickness, for wall, the centrage of cross section using wall is calculating.That is, R1, R2 adopt
Be inner and outer wall average diameter.What spray apertures and the outlet of interior ring cavity were taken is empty central point, i.e. the axis of Fig. 4 position
Intersection point with the line at the midpoint on upper and lower both sides.
Preferably, included angle B, C take be spray apertures and interior ring cavity outlet centrage, as shown in Figure 4.Namely
Say, preferably, the extended line of the centrage of spray apertures and the outlet of interior ring cavity is through the center of circle.
The rapid-cooling heat exchanger of the present invention includes two-stage quenching apparatus.Quenching ring 2 as previously described, belongs to the first order anxious
Device for cooling.
As shown in figure 1, high-temperature flue gas literary composition formula rapid-cooling heat exchanger, also include dash ring flat-plate 3, two grades of quenching apparatus 4, venturi
Blender 21, separation chamber 22 and tank 23.
Two grades of quenching apparatus are arranged on downstream, and that is, flue gas first passes through quenching ring 2, then again through two grades of quenching apparatus.
As shown in figure 3, two grades of quenching apparatus 4 are by guiding coil pipe 8, along the atomizer 10 of guiding coil pipe distribution with set
Put the center atomizer 11 in positioning disk tube hub to form.Described atomizer 10 is connected and from positioning disk with guiding coil pipe
Pipe 8 extends to guiding coil pipe 8 center, and described center atomizer 11 passes through to connect with guiding coil pipe 8 communicating pipe 31, positioning disk
Fluid is passed to center atomizer will pass through communicating pipe 31 by pipe 8.
Preferably, the fluid of cooled flue gas is alkali liquor.Circulation alkali liquor be smoke contacts, gasification during, can have
Effect absorbs the sour gas in flue gas.
Alkali liquor is uniformly distributed to each atomizing lance by the alkali liquor of two grades of quenching apparatus 4 by guiding coil pipe 8, through atomization spray
Alkali liquor after mouth 10-11 atomization sprays into the converging transition of venturi mixing chamber 21, enters with the flue gas after one-level quenching apparatus 2 cooling
One step mixing.
Chilling is carried out to flue gas by classification, high-temperature flue gas are after the preliminary desuperheat of chilling ring 2, then carry out two by atomizer
Level cooling, the stability of intensifier.
Atomizer is arranged at gas approach, arranges guiding coil pipe 8 in civilian formula quencher converging transition, makes atomizer 10
Be uniformly distributed, and be provided with center atomizer 11, fogged lye can be completely covered exhaust gases passes, it is to avoid local temperature too high to setting
Standby cause to damage.
Further preferably, described edge guiding coiled tube arrangements 8 atomizer 10 quantity is the even number not less than 4, and uniformly,
Liquidate arrangement.
Preferably, described dash ring flat-plate 3 is arranged between quenching ring 2 and two grades of quenching apparatus 4, dash ring flat-plate 3 with
The inwall of housing 5 is connected and stretches out from inwall.
It is provided with dash ring flat-plate 3 above atomizer, make the moisture film of inner walls change flow direction through dash ring flat-plate, in atomization spray
Mouth upper surface forms continuous moisture film, effectively prevent the damage that high-temperature flue gas wash away to atomizer and cause.
Preferably, along flow of flue gas direction, multiple two grades of quenching apparatus 4 can be arranged.Preferably, along flue gas
Flow direction, in two grades of quenching apparatus 4, the quantity of atomizer 10 is gradually increased.Preferably, the amplitude being gradually increased is more next
Bigger.Main cause is similar to the setting of spray apertures 14, is just not described further.It is found through experiments, by above-mentioned setting,
The heat exchange amount of 15%-20% can be improved.
Preferably, along flow of flue gas direction, multiple two grades of quenching apparatus 4 can be arranged.Preferably, along flue gas
Flow direction, in two grades of quenching apparatus 4, the spray amount of atomizer 10 is gradually increased.Preferably, the amplitude being gradually increased is got over
Come bigger.Main cause is similar to the setting of spray apertures 14, is just not described further.It is found through experiments, set by above-mentioned
Put, the heat exchange amount of 15%-20% can be improved.
Using the present invention so that more than 1100 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas from top to bottom, enter quencher by smoke inlet 1, according to
It is secondary that high-temperature flue gas directly contact, vaporize with the circulation alkali liquor after atomization by one-level quenching apparatus 2 with two grades of quenching apparatus 4,
Raw heat transfer and mass transfer, high-temperature flue gas are rapidly decreased to 81 DEG C of water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature, are discharged by the exhanst gas outlet 6 of separation chamber 23.
The present invention, with a large amount of circulation alkali liquors and smoke contacts, vaporization, can quickly, uniformly, efficiently reduce flue-gas temperature.
Present invention obviates the regeneration temperature range of two English, the high-temperature flue gas that can will be up to 1400 DEG C or more are direct
It is down to water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature.
Preferably, quenching ring 2,5, two grades of quenching apparatus 4 of housing all use Hastelloy C alloys -276, enclosure interior can not set
Put refractory material, reduce the volume of equipment.
Venturi quencher and tank are combined as a whole, decrease the floor space of equipment.
Preferably, described converging transition 24 and divergent segment 26 be round table-like, trunnion section 25 be converging transition 24 and divergent segment
Connecting portion between 26.
Preferably, described divergent segment 26 bottom setting separation chamber 22 and tank 23, exhanst gas outlet is arranged on described separation
The lower end of room 22.
Mixed flue gas passes through converging transition with alkali liquor, and sectional area from the coarse to fine, accelerates flue gas flow rate, swiftly flowing
Producing low pressure near flue gas, thus producing adsorption, strengthening the disturbance of flue gas and fogged lye, increase alkali liquor and flue gas
Contact area, is made flue gas be reached with fogged lye within the extremely short time and uniformly mixes.
The temperature of circulation alkali liquor is essentially identical with the flue-gas temperature of exhanst gas outlet, and circulation alkali liquid measure is far longer than high-temperature flue gas
The required alkali liquor amount of cooling, is made flue gas can be contacted with more fogged lyes within the regular hour, substantially reduces flue gas
Time with fogged lye heat transfer, mass transfer.
Flue gas after cooling can carry substantial amounts of steam, and it is anxious that the steam being carried takes civilian formula with flue gas out of through exhanst gas outlet 6
Cooler, leads to quantity of circulating water to be gradually lowered, and therefore arranges industry water moisturizing, by the Liquid level rate of water make-up of tank 23.
During chilling, the most of sour gas in flue gas is absorbed by circulation alkali liquor, and the pH value of circulation fluid reduces,
Need regular discharge opeing, to reduce the concentration of sour gas in circulation alkali liquor, and the increment by pH value control alkali liquor, to ensure to circulate
Liquid is in alkaline environment.
Tank of the present invention is provided with pH value monitoring device, by measuring the pH value of alkali liquor, controls the increment of 5% concentration alkali liquor.
For ensureing the minimum circulating load of alkali liquor, requirement can be reached, water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature will be down to by high-temperature flue gas, be provided with
Bunch grade adjustment device, arranges temperature monitor in exhanst gas outlet respectively, arranges flow detector, for adjusting on pipeloop
The circulating load of alkali liquor.When temperature is too high or cooling water flow is too low, can be by increasing the flow of cooling alkali liquor, to protect downstream
Equipment.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various changes or modifications, and therefore protection scope of the present invention should
When being defined by claim limited range.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas, including housing, chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus, described Quench
Ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus are arranged in housing, and flue gas enters from heat exchanger entrance, sequentially passes through chilling ring, dash
Ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus；
Described housing includes converging transition and divergent segment, and converging transition and divergent segment are connected by trunnion section；Described flue gas is from converging transition
Enter, pass through divergent segment again after first passing through converging transition, chilling ring is set in the smoke inlet position of converging transition；
Described chilling ring is hollow ring body structure, and described chilling ring includes interior ring cavity and outer ring cavity, and described housing inserts chilling ring
Interior, described interior ring cavity includes shell and internal partition；
Described internal partition and housing form inner cavity chamber, and the cavity that internal partition is formed with chilling ring shell, housing is outer ring cavity, internal ring
Chamber and outer ring cavity form annular along housing respectively, and are interconnected；
It is characterized in that, chilling ring arranges multiple spray apertures, along from Quench annular space upwards, the distribution density of described spray apertures
Less and less.
2. rapid-cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, along from Quench annular space upwards, the distribution density of described spray apertures diminishes
Amplitude also increasing.
3. rapid-cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, described chilling ring outlet is made up of Quench annular space and spray apertures, chilling ring
Gap is the annulus being formed between chilling ring shell and housing, and spray apertures are arranged on Quench shell；Described inner cavity chamber is with outward
The annular of chamber is circular configuration, and inner cavity chamber and exocoel are concentric structure；The center of circle of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel sets
Put on the housing in chilling ring, the refrigerant inlet of described inner cavity chamber is arranged at the home position of housing；Described Quench
Ring includes inlet, and described inlet is arranged on the outside of housing；Described inlet is pipe, described inner cavity chamber and exocoel
The center of circle is arranged on the extended line of the centrage of pipe.
4. rapid-cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3, the shell of described chilling ring includes following four parts：Outside housing
Portion connects, and the Part I stretching out with respect to housing, then from the Part I end away from housing start vertically to
The Part II of upper extension, the Part III extending internally then along Part II end horizontal, is finally loop configuration
Part IV, described Part IV forms annulus with enclosure；
The position that described Part I is connected with housing is greater than, with the distance in the center of circle, the ring that Part IV is formed with housing
Gap and the distance in the center of circle；
One end of the internal partition of described inner cavity chamber is connected to the end of housing, and the other end is connected on housing, on internal partition
Ring cavity outlet in setting, described interior ring cavity outlet is greater than the distance with the other end of internal partition with the distance of internal partition one end；
The Part IV setting outer ring cavity outlet of described exocoel.
5. rapid-cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 4, described housing is A with the angle of the Part I of chilling ring shell,
The annular radius of described inner cavity chamber are R1, and the annular radius of exocoel are R2, the line in described inner cavity chamber's outlet and the center of circle
The angle being formed with the line of exocoel outlet and the center of circle is C, the included angle B that described inner cavity chamber's outlet is formed with housing, described
Included angle B is less than the angle that exocoel outlet is formed with housing；Meet equation below：
Sin(A)/Sin(B)=a*Ln(R1/R2)+b*(R1/R2)+c
Wherein Ln is exponential function, and a, b, c are coefficients,
0.084<a<0.086,0.23<b<0.26,
For c, take following value mode：
Work as R1/R2<0.5, 0.83<c<0.9；
Work as R1/R2>0.5,0.78<c<0.83；
Work as R1/R2=0.5, c=0.83；
0.4<R1/R2<0.6；
18°<A<50°；
14°<B<45°；
R1=10 ~ 300, unit mm；
R2=12.5 ~ 400, unit mm；
C=B.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610275905.9A CN105865222B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Quenching heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510476113.3A CN105043131B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas |
| CN201610275905.9A CN105865222B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Quenching heat exchanger |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510476113.3A Division CN105043131B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105865222A CN105865222A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105865222B true CN105865222B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510476113.3A Active CN105043131B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas |
| CN201610275905.9A Expired - Fee Related CN105865222B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Quenching heat exchanger |
| CN201610343529.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106016324B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of flue gas rapid-cooling heat exchanger |
| CN201610275904.4A Active CN105928381B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of spray apertures variable density |
| CN201610343786.6A Active CN105928382B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Quenching heat exchanger provided with multiple secondary heat exchange devices |
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| CN201610343529.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106016324B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of flue gas rapid-cooling heat exchanger |
| CN201610275904.4A Active CN105928381B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of spray apertures variable density |
| CN201610343786.6A Active CN105928382B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Quenching heat exchanger provided with multiple secondary heat exchange devices |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107445789A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-08 | 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 | It is a kind of that quickly cooling device and method are carried out to the Pintsch gas containing acetylene |
| CN107764079A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-03-06 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Gas cooling device, gasification furnace and method for gas cooling |
| CN106635182B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2023-03-21 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Chilling ring of gasification furnace |
| CN106949479A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-14 | 饶勇 | The small-sized domestic garbage pyrolysis processing system of villages and small towns level |
| CN107812442A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-03-20 | 兰州凯特环境技术工程有限公司 | A kind of device and its technological process that dioxin in incineration smoke is removed using moment whirlwind chilling technique |
| CN109579558A (en) * | 2018-11-04 | 2019-04-05 | 青岛东卡环保工程技术有限公司 | A kind of radioactivity high-temperature flue gas quenching apparatus and quick cooling method |
| CN109806708A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-05-28 | 上海羿诚环保科技有限公司 | Packaged type danger wastes disposal system and technique |
| CN112648625B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2022-02-18 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Device and method for rapidly cooling high-temperature gas |
| CN113615742B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2024-03-29 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Margarine processing technology |
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- 2015-08-06 CN CN201610275905.9A patent/CN105865222B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-08-06 CN CN201610343529.2A patent/CN106016324B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-08-06 CN CN201610275904.4A patent/CN105928381B/en active Active
- 2015-08-06 CN CN201610343786.6A patent/CN105928382B/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106016324A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN106016324B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
| CN105043131A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN105865222A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105928382B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| CN105043131B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| CN105928382A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| CN105928381B (en) | 2018-01-26 |
| CN105928381A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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