CN105928381A - Quenching heat exchanger with variable spray hole density - Google Patents
Quenching heat exchanger with variable spray hole density Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105928381A CN105928381A CN201610275904.4A CN201610275904A CN105928381A CN 105928381 A CN105928381 A CN 105928381A CN 201610275904 A CN201610275904 A CN 201610275904A CN 105928381 A CN105928381 A CN 105928381A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- ring
- chilling
- inner cavity
- heat exchanger
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 housing Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Co] Chemical compound [Cr].[Co] WAIPAZQMEIHHTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
- F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
- F28C3/08—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour with change of state, e.g. absorption, evaporation, condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a quenching heat exchanger with the variable spray hole density. The quenching heat exchanger comprises a shell, a chilling ring, a water-blocking annular plate and a two-stage quenching device. The chilling ring, the water-blocking annular plate and the two-stage quenching device are arranged in the shell. Smoke enters the quenching heat exchanger from a heat exchanger inlet and sequentially passes through the chilling ring, the water-blocking annular plate and the two-stage quenching device. A plurality of spray holes are formed in the chilling ring. The hole diameters of the spray holes become smaller and smaller upwards along a quenching ring gap. By setting the hole diameters of the spray holes in the vertical direction, the optimal effect of heat exchange is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of heat exchangers, particularly relate to the civilian formula rapid-cooling heat exchanger of a kind of flue gas and water direct contact heat-exchanging.Present invention is mainly applied to containing halogen danger wastes CIU.
Background technology
Along with the development of chemical industry, the chemical products production capacity containing halogen is drastically amplified, and environmental issue highlights day by day, and the waste gas produced in its production process, waste liquid contains the halogen Organic substance that a large amount of chemical property is the most active.Burn two English in the flue gas after such garbage must assure that purification and meet state environmental emissioning standard, technological process can arrange quenching apparatus, prevent the regeneration of two English, generally face away from the regeneration temperature range of two English, by flue-gas temperature from 500 DEG C of rapid drawdowns to 200 DEG C.But for the danger waste burning system that halogen element content in garbage is more than 5% or flue gas is less, waste-heat recovery device can not be utilized to reclaim heat, 1100 DEG C of high-temperature flue gas after burning directly cannot be cooled to less than 200 DEG C, existing quencher structure cannot realize this technological requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes one and is applicable to such cigarette temperature height, complicated component CIU quenching apparatus, can by flue-gas temperature from 1400 DEG C or the direct rapid drawdown of above high-temperature flue gas to water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature less than 100 DEG C, avoid the regeneration temperature range of two English, suppress the generation of two English, the most effective corrosive gas absorbed in flue gas, and effectively trap the solid particle in flue gas.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas, including chilling housing, chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus, described chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus are arranged in housing, flue gas enters from heat exchanger entrance, sequentially passes through chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus.
As preferably, described housing includes that converging transition and divergent segment, converging transition and divergent segment are connected by trunnion section；Described flue gas enters from converging transition, passes through divergent segment again, arrange chilling ring in the smoke inlet position of converging transition after first passing through converging transition.
As preferably, described chilling ring is hollow ring body structure, and described chilling ring includes interior ring cavity and outer ring cavity, and described housing inserts in chilling ring, and described interior ring cavity includes shell and internal partition.Described internal partition and housing form inner cavity chamber, and the cavity that internal partition is formed with chilling ring shell, housing is outer ring cavity, and interior ring cavity and outer ring cavity form annular along housing respectively, and are interconnected.
As preferably, the outlet of described chilling ring is made up of Quench annular space and spray apertures, and Quench annular space is the annulus formed between chilling ring shell and housing, and spray apertures is arranged on Quench shell；The annular of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is circular configuration, and inner cavity chamber and exocoel are concentric structure；The center of circle of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is arranged on the housing in chilling ring, and the refrigerant inlet of described inner cavity chamber is arranged at the home position of housing；Described chilling ring includes that inlet, described inlet are arranged on the outside of housing；Described inlet is pipe, on the extended line of the centrage that the center of circle of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is arranged on pipe.
As preferably, the shell of described chilling ring includes following four parts: be connected with hull outside, and relative to the outward extending Part I of housing, then the Part II extended straight up is started from the Part I end away from housing, the Part III extended internally then along Part II end horizontal, being finally the Part IV of loop configuration, described Part IV forms annulus with enclosure；
Described Part I is greater than, with the distance in the center of circle, annular space and the distance in the center of circle that Part IV is formed with housing with the position of connection of housing；
One end of the internal partition of described inner cavity chamber is connected to the end of housing, and the other end is connected on housing, arranges the outlet of interior ring cavity on internal partition, and the distance of the outlet of described interior ring cavity and internal partition one end is greater than the distance of the other end with internal partition；The Part IV of described exocoel arranges the outlet of outer ring cavity.
As preferably, described housing is A with the angle of the Part I of chilling ring shell, the annular radius of described inner cavity chamber is R1, the annular radius of exocoel is R2, the angle that described inner cavity chamber's outlet is formed with the line in the center of circle and the line of exocoel outlet with the center of circle is C, the included angle B that described inner cavity chamber's outlet is formed with housing, the angle that described included angle B is formed with housing less than exocoel outlet；Meet equation below:
Sin(A)/Sin(B)=a*Ln(R1/R2)+b*(R1/R2)+c
Wherein Ln is exponential function, and a, b, c are coefficients,
0.084<a<0.086,0.23<b<0.26,
For c, take following value mode:
As R1/R2 < 0.5,0.83 < c < 0.9；
Work as R1/R2>0.5,0.78<c<0.83；
Work as R1/R2=0.5, c=0.83；
0.4<R1/R2<0.6；
18°<A<50°；
14°<B<45°；
R1=10 ~ 300, unit mm；
R2=12.5 ~ 400, unit mm；
C=B
As preferably, quenching ring arranging multiple spray apertures, along from Quench annular space upwards, the aperture of described spray apertures is more and more less；As preferably, the amplitude that the aperture of described spray apertures diminishes is the most increasing.
As preferably, quenching ring arranging multiple spray apertures, along from Quench annular space upwards, the distribution density of described spray apertures is more and more less；As preferably, the amplitude that the distribution density of described spray apertures diminishes is the most increasing.
As preferably, two grades of quenching apparatus are made up of atomizer and the center atomizer being arranged on positioning disk tube hub guiding coil pipe, be distributed along guiding coil pipe, described atomizer is connected and to guiding the extension of coil pipe center with guiding coil pipe, described center atomizer was connected with guiding coil pipe by communicating pipe, and guiding coil pipe so that by passing to center atomizer communicating pipe by fluid.
As preferably, described dash ring flat-plate is arranged between quenching ring and two grades of quenching apparatus, and dash ring flat-plate is connected with the inwall of housing and stretches out from inwall.
First for prior art, the present invention has the effect that
1. the present invention uses two grades of coolings, with a large amount of circulation alkali liquors and smoke contacts, vaporization, it is possible to reduce flue-gas temperature quickly, uniformly, efficiently.
2. the present invention is by using two grades of quick coolings, avoid the regeneration temperature range of two English, 1400 DEG C or the direct rapid drawdown of above high-temperature flue gas can be will be up to water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature less than 100 DEG C, the most effective corrosive gas absorbed in flue gas, and effectively trap the solid particle in flue gas.
3. the present invention is by designing new quenching ring structure, and is optimized quenching ring structure, it is determined that optimal physical dimension, thus reaches optimum cooling effect.
4. pass through the upper and lower aperture of spray apertures or the setting of density, it is achieved the optimum efficiency of heat exchange.
5. the flow of circulation alkali liquor is controlled by monitor value.
6. take new two grade chiller structure, it is achieved secondary heat exchange.
7. heat exchanger is taked literary composition formula structure, accelerates flue gas flow rate, near swiftly flowing flue gas, produce low pressure, thus produce adsorption, strengthen the disturbance of flue gas and fogged lye, increase the contact area of alkali liquor and flue gas, make flue gas reach with fogged lye to mix uniformly within the extremely short time.
8. pass through the setting of two grades of chiller structures spraying quantity or the setting of the quantity of spray nozzle, it is achieved secondary heat exchange optimum efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Civilian formula quencher total graph structure figure that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention
Fig. 2 is one-level quenching apparatus schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is two grades of quenching apparatus schematic diagrams
Fig. 4 is the parameter schematic diagram of Fig. 2
Description of reference numerals: 1-high-temperature flue gas entry；2-chilling ring；3-dash ring flat-plate；Bis-grades of quenching apparatus of 4-；5-chilling housing；6-exhanst gas outlet；7-circulation alkali liquor exports；8-guides coil pipe；9-coil inlet；10-atomizer；11-center atomizer；12-chilling ring housing；13-internal partition；14-spray hole；Ring cavity outlet in 15-；16-Quench annular space；The outer ring cavity of 17-；Ring cavity in 18-；Ring cavity entrance in 19-；20-chilling ring entrance；21-venturi mixing chamber；22-separation chamber；23-tank；24-converging transition；25-trunnion section, 26-divergent segment；27 Part I, 28 Part II, 29 Part III, 30 Part IV, 31 communicating pipes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 illustrates the overall profile of rapid-cooling heat exchanger.As it is shown in figure 1, described rapid-cooling heat exchanger includes that housing 5, described housing 5 include that converging transition 24 and divergent segment 26, converging transition 24 and divergent segment 26 are connected by trunnion section 25；Described flue gas enters from converging transition 24, passes through divergent segment 26 again, arrange chilling ring 2 in smoke inlet 1 position of converging transition 24 after first passing through converging transition 24.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described chilling ring 2 is hollow ring body structure.Described chilling ring 2 includes that interior ring cavity 18 and outer ring cavity 17, described housing 5 insert in chilling ring 2, as in figure 2 it is shown, described chilling ring 2 includes shell 12 and internal partition 13.Described internal partition 13 and housing 5 form inner cavity chamber 18, and the cavity that internal partition 13 is formed with chilling ring shell 12, housing 5 is outer ring cavity 17.Interior ring cavity 18 and outer ring cavity 17 form annular along housing 5 respectively, and are interconnected.
Interior ring cavity 18 is set inside chilling ring, is prevented effectively from the disturbance that outer ring cavity causes because of spray apertures, thus strengthens Quench annular space 16 and form the stability of moisture film.
Described chilling ring 2 exports and is made up of Quench annular space 16 and spray apertures 14.Quench annular space 16 is the annulus formed between chilling ring shell 12 and chilling housing 5.Spray apertures 14 is arranged on Quench shell 12.
Because the existence of Quench annular space 16 so that the liquid of cooled flue gas forms the moisture film of uniformly decline in inner walls, it is to avoid high-temperature flue gas directly contacts with chilling housing 5, is effectively protected chilling housing 5.
As preferably, the injection direction of spray apertures 14 and converging transition centrage, i.e. along Fig. 1 vertical direction angle be 75 °.
From section, as in figure 2 it is shown, the annular of described inner cavity chamber 18 and exocoel 17 is circular configuration, and inner cavity chamber 18 and exocoel 17 are concentric structure.
As preferably, the center of circle of described inner cavity chamber 18 and exocoel 17 is arranged on the housing 5 in chilling ring 12, and as preferably, the refrigerant inlet 19 of described inner cavity chamber 18 is arranged at the home position of housing 5.By being arranged such, it is found through experiments, the resistance of cooling liquid flowing can be greatly reduced, improve the coefficient of heat transfer.
Described chilling ring includes that inlet 20, described inlet 20 are arranged on the outside of housing 5.Described inlet is pipe, on the extended line of the centrage that the center of circle of described inner cavity chamber 18 and exocoel 17 is arranged on pipe.
By being arranged such, it is found through experiments, designs relative to other, it is possible to reduce the resistance of cooling liquid flowing, extend the service life of equipment.
Outside at rapid-cooling heat exchanger, the shell of described chilling ring includes following four parts: with housing 5 external connection, and relative to the outward extending Part I of housing 5 27, then the Part II 28 extended straight up is started from Part I 27 end away from housing 5, the Part III 29 extended internally then along Part II 28 end horizontal, being finally the Part IV 30 of loop configuration, described Part IV 30 is internally formed annulus 16 with shell 5.
As preferably, described Part I 27 is greater than, with the distance in the center of circle, annular space 16 and the distance in the center of circle that Part IV 30 is formed with housing 5 with the position of connection of housing 5.
One end of the internal partition 13 of described inner cavity chamber 18 is connected to the end of housing 5, and the other end is connected on housing 5.Internal partition 13 arranges interior ring cavity outlet 15.The distance of described interior ring cavity outlet 15 and internal partition 13 one end is greater than the distance of the other end with internal partition 13.Being positioned close to the position of internal partition 13 other end, the Part IV 30 of described exocoel 17 arranges outer ring cavity outlet 14.
As preferably, the included angle B that described inner cavity chamber's outlet 15 and housing 5 are formed is less than the angle that exocoel outlet (i.e. spray apertures 14) is formed with housing 5.By above-mentioned setting, it is meant that the outlet of inner cavity chamber is closer to housing 5, it is meant that the outlet of exocoel is higher than the outlet of inner cavity chamber.By above-mentioned setting, so that the space of inner cavity chamber 17 becomes big, buffer the impact of the fluid entered from entrance 20, reduce the resistance of inner cavity chamber.
As preferably, the extended line of the centrage of inner cavity chamber's outlet 15 is through the center of circle.As preferably, the extended line of the centrage of spray apertures 14 passes the center of circle.
Described housing 5 is A with the angle of the Part I of chilling ring shell, the annular radius of described inner cavity chamber 18 is R1, the annular radius of exocoel 17 is R2, the angle that described inner cavity chamber's outlet is formed with the line in the center of circle and the line in spray apertures 14 and the center of circle is C, i.e. exocoel outlet and the line in the center of circle is B+C with the angle of housing 5 formation.Being found through experiments, radius R1 is excessive, and R2 is too small, cause the flow resistance in exocoel 18 the biggest, and inner cavity chamber's flow resistance is too small, spray apertures outwards sprays away from too far away to cause fluid to pass through, and causes heat transfer effect poor, and R1 is too small, R2 is excessive, then inner cavity chamber's pressure can be caused excessive, and exocoel pressure is too small, again result in jet length too near, cause heat transfer effect the poorest.For included angle A, equally can not be excessive, if excessive, then cause inlet 20 spray angle too inclined, cause entering the fluid of inner cavity chamber very little, and a large amount of fluid can be caused to overstock between housing 5 and the Part I of exocoel 17, add resistance, equally, included angle B is also required to meet certain requirement, if B is the least, the most substantial amounts of fluid can go out along chilling ring clearance flow, affects heat exchange, if excessive, then causing inner chamber room pressure excessive, the fluid of inner cavity chamber flows out difficulty.For angle C, if too small, then cause fluid Jet with downward flow direction rather than to central-injection, if excessive, then cause exocoel fluid resistance excessive, cause fluid jet length the nearest.Therefore R1, R2, included angle A, B, C need to meet some requirements so that it is heat transfer effect reaches optimum.
Therefore, the present invention is the size relationship of the optimal quenching ring summed up by the test data of multiple various sizes of quenching rings.Because quenching ring also has the variable such as angle, radius, therefore, introduce characteristic sin (A), sin (B), R1/R2, from the optimum efficiency of cooling high temperature flue gas, calculate various ways, finally determine best relation formula.Described size relationship is as follows:
Sin(A)/Sin(B)=a*Ln(R1/R2)+b*(R1/R2)+c
Wherein Ln is exponential function, and a, b, c are coefficients,
0.084<a<0.086,0.23<b<0.26,
For c, take following value mode:
As R1/R2 < 0.5,0.83 < c < 0.9；
Work as R1/R2>0.5,0.78<c<0.83；
Work as R1/R2=0.5, c=0.83；
0.4<R1/R2<0.6；
18°<A<50°；
14°<B<45°；
R1=10 ~ 300, unit mm；
R2=12.5 ~ 400, unit mm；
C=B
By testing after result of calculation, by calculating border and the numerical value of intermediate value, the result of gained substantially matches with formula again, and error is substantially within 3%, and maximum relative error is less than 5%, and mean error is 2.2%.
As preferably, 100mm < R1 < 200mm, 170mm < R2 < 350mm；
Further preferably, 130mm < R1 < 170mm, 210mm < R2 < 340mm；
Further preferably, 140mm < R1 < 160mm, 240mm < R2 < 300mm；
The optimum of coefficient optimization is: a is 0.085, and b is 0.245, as R1/R2 < 0.5,
C=0.85, works as R1/R2 > 0.5, c=0.81.
As preferably, along with the increase of R1/R2, c is more and more less.By arranging the change of c so that the error of calculating is less.
For other the parameters of structural dimension do not mentioned, conventional standard is used to design.
As preferably, from Quench annular space 16 to Part III and Part IV link position, Part IV 30 arranges multiple spray apertures 15.Certainly, Fig. 2 show only one, but is not limited to the schematic diagram of Fig. 2.From Quench annular space 16 to Part III and Part IV link position, the aperture of described spray apertures 15 is more and more less.Main cause is on the one hand to ensure the distribution of cooling liquid, it is ensured that the spray apertures on top can obtain enough fluid pressures, it is ensured that spraying effect, on the other hand, mainly considers heat transfer effect.It is found through experiments, is arranged such, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide heat exchange amount about 20%.Main cause is similar to the adverse current of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the when of following current, at entry position, heat exchange amount is maximum, but final heat exchange amount but diminishes, and countercurrent flow, heat exchange amount all ratios of whole heat transfer process are more uniform, and therefore the present invention uses this kind of strategy, it is similar to countercurrent flow, it is ensured that maximum heat transfer effect.
As preferably, the amplitude that the aperture of described spray apertures 15 diminishes is the most increasing.By being arranged such, being found through experiments, heat transfer effect, relative to being uniformly arranged, improves about 5%.
As preferably, from Quench annular space 16 to Part III and Part IV link position, Part IV 30 arranges multiple spray apertures 15.Certainly, Fig. 2 show only one, but is not limited to the schematic diagram of Fig. 2.From Quench annular space 16 to Part III and Part IV link position, the distribution density of described spray apertures 15 is more and more less.Main cause is on the one hand to ensure the distribution of cooling liquid, it is ensured that the spray apertures on top can obtain enough fluid pressures, it is ensured that spraying effect, on the other hand, mainly considers heat transfer effect.It is found through experiments, is arranged such, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide heat exchange amount about 20%.Main cause is similar to the adverse current of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the when of following current, at entry position, heat exchange amount is maximum, but final heat exchange amount but diminishes, and countercurrent flow, heat exchange amount all ratios of whole heat transfer process are more uniform, and therefore the present invention uses this kind of strategy, it is similar to countercurrent flow, it is ensured that maximum heat transfer effect.
As preferably, the amplitude that the distribution density of described spray apertures 15 diminishes is the most increasing.By being arranged such, being found through experiments, heat transfer effect, relative to being uniformly arranged, improves about 5%.
When arranging multiple spray apertures when, what the angle C in formula above taked is closest to the angle of formation between the spray apertures of interior ring cavity outlet 15 and interior ring cavity outlet 15 and the center of circle.
It should be noted that the angle of the line of formation herein or distance all calculate angle or distance with central point or centrage.Such as, what the link position of Part I 27 and housing 5 was taked is exactly that centerline is to calculate the distance of itself and the center of circle, the center of circle also is located at the middle part of the wall of housing 5, inner/outer diameter is also round the heart to inner chamber or the middle part of the housing at the place of exocoel, the i.e. half of thickness, for wall, the centrage of the cross section using wall calculates.It is to say, R1, R2 use the average diameter of inner and outer wall.What spray apertures and the outlet of interior ring cavity were taked is the intersection point of the line at empty central point, the i.e. axis of Fig. 4 position and the midpoint on upper and lower both sides.
As preferably, what included angle B, C taked is spray apertures and the centrage of interior ring cavity outlet, as shown in Figure 4.It is to say, as preferably, the extended line of the centrage of spray apertures and the outlet of interior ring cavity is through the center of circle.
The rapid-cooling heat exchanger of the present invention includes two-stage quenching apparatus.Quenching ring 2, belongs to first order quenching apparatus as previously described.
As it is shown in figure 1, high-temperature flue gas literary composition formula rapid-cooling heat exchanger, also include 3, two grades of quenching apparatus 4 of dash ring flat-plate, venturi mixer 21, separation chamber 22 and tank 23.
Two grades of quenching apparatus are arranged on downstream, i.e. flue gas first passes through quenching ring 2, the most again through two grades of quenching apparatus.
As it is shown on figure 3, two grades of quenching apparatus 4 are made up of atomizer 10 and the center atomizer 11 being arranged on positioning disk tube hub guiding coil pipe 8, be distributed along guiding coil pipe.Described atomizer 10 is connected with guiding coil pipe and extends to guiding coil pipe 8 center from guiding coil pipe 8, described center atomizer 11 was connected with guiding coil pipe 8 by communicating pipe 31, guides coil pipe 8, will pass through communicating pipe 31, fluid passes to center atomizer.
As preferably, the fluid of cooled flue gas is alkali liquor.During circulation alkali liquor is smoke contacts, gasification, can effectively absorb the sour gas in flue gas.
Alkali liquor is distributed uniformly to each atomizing lance by the alkali liquor of two grades of quenching apparatus 4 by guiding coil pipe 8, and the alkali liquor after atomizer 10-11 is atomized sprays into the converging transition of venturi mixing chamber 21, mixes further with the flue gas after one-level quenching apparatus 2 is lowered the temperature.
By classification, flue gas being carried out chilling, high-temperature flue gas is after the preliminary desuperheat of chilling ring 2, then is carried out two grades of coolings, the stability of intensifier by atomizer.
Atomizer is arranged at gas approach, arranges guiding coil pipe 8 at literary composition formula quencher converging transition, makes atomizer 10 be uniformly distributed, and be provided with center atomizer 11, and fogged lye can be completely covered exhaust gases passes, it is to avoid local temperature is too high causes damage to equipment.
Further preferably, described along guide coiled tube arrangements 8 atomizer 10 quantity be the even number not less than 4, and uniformly, liquidate layout.
As preferably, described dash ring flat-plate 3 is arranged between quenching ring 2 and two grades of quenching apparatus 4, and dash ring flat-plate 3 is connected with the inwall of housing 5 and stretches out from inwall.
Atomizer is arranged over dash ring flat-plate 3, makes the moisture film of inner walls change through dash ring flat-plate and flows to, forms continuous print moisture film at atomizer upper surface, effectively prevent high-temperature flue gas and washes away atomizer and the damage that causes.
As preferably, along flow of flue gas direction, multiple two grades of quenching apparatus 4 can be set.As preferably, along flow of flue gas direction, in two grades of quenching apparatus 4, the quantity of atomizer 10 is gradually increased.As preferably, the amplitude being gradually increased is increasing.Main cause is similar to arranging of spray apertures 14, is just not described further.It is found through experiments, by above-mentioned setting, the heat exchange amount of 15%-20% can be improved.
As preferably, along flow of flue gas direction, multiple two grades of quenching apparatus 4 can be set.As preferably, along flow of flue gas direction, in two grades of quenching apparatus 4, the spray amount of atomizer 10 is gradually increased.As preferably, the amplitude being gradually increased is increasing.Main cause is similar to arranging of spray apertures 14, is just not described further.It is found through experiments, by above-mentioned setting, the heat exchange amount of 15%-20% can be improved.
Use the present invention, make the high-temperature flue gas of more than 1100 DEG C from top to bottom, quencher is entered by smoke inlet 1, pass sequentially through one-level quenching apparatus 2 and two grades of quenching apparatus 4, high-temperature flue gas directly contacts with the circulation alkali liquor after atomization, vaporizes, there is heat transfer and mass transfer, high-temperature flue gas is rapidly decreased to water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature 81 DEG C, the exhanst gas outlet 6 of separation chamber 23 discharges.
The present invention is with a large amount of circulation alkali liquors and smoke contacts, vaporization, it is possible to reduce flue-gas temperature quickly, uniformly, efficiently.
Present invention obviates the regeneration temperature range of two English, 1400 DEG C can be will be up to or above high-temperature flue gas is directly down to water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature.
As preferably, quenching ring 2,5, two grades of quenching apparatus 4 of housing all use Hastelloy C alloys-276, and enclosure interior can be not provided with refractory material, reduces the volume of equipment.
Venturi quencher is combined as a whole with tank, decreases the floor space of equipment.
As preferably, described converging transition 24 and divergent segment 26 are round table-like, and trunnion section 25 is the connecting portion between converging transition 24 and divergent segment 26.
As preferably, described divergent segment 26 bottom arranges separation chamber 22 and tank 23, and exhanst gas outlet is arranged on the lower end of described separation chamber 22.
Flue gas mixed with alkali liquor passes through converging transition, sectional area is from the coarse to fine, accelerate flue gas flow rate, low pressure is produced near swiftly flowing flue gas, thus produce adsorption, strengthen the disturbance of flue gas and fogged lye, increase the contact area of alkali liquor and flue gas, make flue gas reach with fogged lye to mix uniformly within the extremely short time.
The temperature of circulation alkali liquor is essentially identical with the flue-gas temperature of exhanst gas outlet, circulation alkali liquid measure is far longer than the alkali liquor amount needed for cooling high-temperature fume, make flue gas can contact with more fogged lye within the regular hour, substantially reduce flue gas and fogged lye heat transfer, the time of mass transfer.
Flue gas after cooling can carry substantial amounts of steam, and the steam being carried takes literary composition formula quencher with flue gas out of through exhanst gas outlet 6, causes quantity of circulating water to be gradually lowered, therefore arranges industry water moisturizing, by the Liquid level rate of water make-up of tank 23.
During chilling, the most of sour gas in flue gas is absorbed by circulation alkali liquor, and the pH value of circulation fluid reduces, need regular discharge opeing, to reduce the concentration of sour gas in circulation alkali liquor, and controlled the increment of alkali liquor by pH value, to ensure that circulation fluid is in alkaline environment.
Tank of the present invention is provided with pH value monitoring device, by measuring the pH value of alkali liquor, controls the increment of 5% concentration alkali liquor.
For ensureing the minimum circulating load of alkali liquor, it is possible to reach requirement, water-vapo(u)r saturation temperature will be down to by high-temperature flue gas, be provided with bunch grade adjustment device, arrange temperature monitor at exhanst gas outlet respectively, pipeloop arranges flow detector, it is used for regulating the circulating load of alkali liquor.When temperature is too high or cooling water flow is too low, can be by increasing the flow of cooling alkali liquor, to protect upstream device.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this.Any those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various changes or modifications, and therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.
Claims (5)
1. the rapid-cooling heat exchanger of a cooled flue gas, including housing, chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus, described chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus are arranged in housing, flue gas enters from heat exchanger entrance, sequentially passes through chilling ring, dash ring flat-plate, two grades of quenching apparatus；
Described housing includes that converging transition and divergent segment, converging transition and divergent segment are connected by trunnion section；Described flue gas enters from converging transition, passes through divergent segment again, arrange chilling ring in the smoke inlet position of converging transition after first passing through converging transition；
Described chilling ring is hollow ring body structure, and described chilling ring includes interior ring cavity and outer ring cavity, and described housing inserts in chilling ring, and described interior ring cavity includes shell and internal partition；Described internal partition and housing form inner cavity chamber, and the cavity that internal partition is formed with chilling ring shell, housing is outer ring cavity, and interior ring cavity and outer ring cavity form annular along housing respectively, and are interconnected；
It is characterized in that, quenching ring arranges multiple spray apertures, along from Quench annular space upwards, the aperture of described spray apertures is more and more less.
2. rapid-cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, along from Quench annular space upwards, the amplitude that the aperture of described spray apertures diminishes is the most increasing.
3. rapid-cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, the outlet of described chilling ring is made up of Quench annular space and spray apertures, and Quench annular space is the annulus formed between chilling ring shell and housing, and spray apertures is arranged on Quench shell；The annular of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is circular configuration, and inner cavity chamber and exocoel are concentric structure；The center of circle of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is arranged on the housing in chilling ring, and the refrigerant inlet of described inner cavity chamber is arranged at the home position of housing；Described chilling ring includes that inlet, described inlet are arranged on the outside of housing；Described inlet is pipe, on the extended line of the centrage that the center of circle of described inner cavity chamber and exocoel is arranged on pipe.
4. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3, the shell of described chilling ring includes following four parts: be connected with hull outside, and relative to the outward extending Part I of housing, then the Part II extended straight up is started from the Part I end away from housing, the Part III extended internally then along Part II end horizontal, being finally the Part IV of loop configuration, described Part IV forms annulus with enclosure；
Described Part I is greater than, with the distance in the center of circle, annular space and the distance in the center of circle that Part IV is formed with housing with the position of connection of housing；
One end of the internal partition of described inner cavity chamber is connected to the end of housing, and the other end is connected on housing, arranges the outlet of interior ring cavity on internal partition, and the distance of the outlet of described interior ring cavity and internal partition one end is greater than the distance of the other end with internal partition；The Part IV of described exocoel arranges the outlet of outer ring cavity.
5. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 4, described housing is A with the angle of the Part I of chilling ring shell, the annular radius of described inner cavity chamber is R1, the annular radius of exocoel is R2, the angle that described inner cavity chamber's outlet is formed with the line in the center of circle and the line of exocoel outlet with the center of circle is C, the included angle B that described inner cavity chamber's outlet is formed with housing, the angle that described included angle B is formed with housing less than exocoel outlet；Meet equation below:
Sin(A)/Sin(B)=a*Ln(R1/R2)+b*(R1/R2)+c
Wherein Ln is exponential function, and a, b, c are coefficients,
0.084<a<0.086,0.23<b<0.26,
For c, take following value mode:
As R1/R2 < 0.5,
0.83<c<0.9；
Work as R1/R2>0.5,0.78<c<0.83；
Work as R1/R2=0.5, c=0.83；
0.4<R1/R2<0.6；
18°<A<50°；
14°<B<45°；
R1=10 ~ 300, unit mm；
R2=12.5 ~ 400, unit mm；
C=B。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610275904.4A CN105928381B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of spray apertures variable density |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610275904.4A CN105928381B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of spray apertures variable density |
| CN201510476113.3A CN105043131B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas |
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| CN201510476113.3A Division CN105043131B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas |
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| CN105928381B CN105928381B (en) | 2018-01-26 |
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| CN201610275905.9A Expired - Fee Related CN105865222B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Quenching heat exchanger |
| CN201510476113.3A Active CN105043131B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas |
| CN201610343529.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106016324B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of flue gas rapid-cooling heat exchanger |
| CN201610343786.6A Active CN105928382B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Quenching heat exchanger provided with multiple secondary heat exchange devices |
| CN201610275904.4A Active CN105928381B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of spray apertures variable density |
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| CN201510476113.3A Active CN105043131B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of rapid-cooling heat exchanger of cooled flue gas |
| CN201610343529.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106016324B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | A kind of flue gas rapid-cooling heat exchanger |
| CN201610343786.6A Active CN105928382B (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2015-08-06 | Quenching heat exchanger provided with multiple secondary heat exchange devices |
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| CN107445789A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-08 | 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 | It is a kind of that quickly cooling device and method are carried out to the Pintsch gas containing acetylene |
| CN107764079A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-03-06 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Gas cooling device, gasification furnace and method for gas cooling |
| CN106635182B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2023-03-21 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Chilling ring of gasification furnace |
| CN106949479A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-14 | 饶勇 | The small-sized domestic garbage pyrolysis processing system of villages and small towns level |
| CN107812442A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2018-03-20 | 兰州凯特环境技术工程有限公司 | A kind of device and its technological process that dioxin in incineration smoke is removed using moment whirlwind chilling technique |
| CN109579558A (en) * | 2018-11-04 | 2019-04-05 | 青岛东卡环保工程技术有限公司 | A kind of radioactivity high-temperature flue gas quenching apparatus and quick cooling method |
| CN109806708A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-05-28 | 上海羿诚环保科技有限公司 | Packaged type danger wastes disposal system and technique |
| CN112648625B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2022-02-18 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Device and method for rapidly cooling high-temperature gas |
| CN113615742B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2024-03-29 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Margarine processing technology |
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| CN1406654A (en) * | 2001-08-23 | 2003-04-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司巴陵分公司 | Liquid distributor |
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- 2015-08-06 CN CN201610275905.9A patent/CN105865222B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-08-06 CN CN201510476113.3A patent/CN105043131B/en active Active
- 2015-08-06 CN CN201610343529.2A patent/CN106016324B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-08-06 CN CN201610343786.6A patent/CN105928382B/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105865222A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN106016324B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
| CN105928382B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| CN105043131B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| CN105043131A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN105865222B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106016324A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN105928382A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| CN105928381B (en) | 2018-01-26 |
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