CN105859433A - Coated fertilizer for grafting flowers and plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coated fertilizer for grafting flowers and plants. The coated fertilizer for grafting the flowers and plants is prepared from, by weight, 44-48 parts of biogas residues, 23-25 parts of crackling, 5-6 parts of biogas fluid, 4-5 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 4-6 parts of potassium phosphate, 1.4-1.5 parts of amino salicylic acid, 1.2-1.4 parts of grafted acrylamide, 36-39 parts of young fruits of tangelos, 0.4-0.5 part of dimethyl formamide, 2.6-2.8 parts of jasmonic acid methyl ester, 1.2-1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, a proper amount of 50% ethanol solution, a proper amount of 70% methanol solution and a proper amount of water. The coated fertilizer contains comprehensive nutrients, medium trace elements contained in the coated fertilizer can well promote the activities of calluses of grafted flowers and plants and improve healing speed, the jasmonic acid methyl ester, the amino salicylic acid and the like can also improve the physiological resistance of the flowers and plants and inhibit bacterial infection of wounds after absorption, and accordingly the coated fertilizer has the good effect on the two aspects of nutrition supplementation and bacterial infection prevention and greatly improves survival rate of the grafted flowers and plants.

Description

A kind of grafting flowers coated fertilizer

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, particularly relate to a kind of grafting flowers coated fertilizer.

Background technology

Along with China plantation specialization, industrialization, the development of scale, it is constantly upgraded for the requirement of fertilizer, and conventional fertilizers is low due to plant recovery of nutrient, constrains the sustainable development of plant husbandry.The application of coated fertilizer is then the effective way solving this problem.But the coated fertilizer of current common coated fertilizer is to use the non-degradable high molecular polymer of chemical synthesis, easily remain in soil and cause soil property to degenerate and pollute, the function singleness of coated fertilizer simultaneously, generally only there is slow controlled-release effect, do not account for effect and the practicality for varying environment such as absorbing water, antibacterial, anti-oxidant.

Containing physiological activators such as a large amount of flavones, synephrines in oranges and tangerines young fruit, related substances is extracted from oranges and tangerines young fruit, and the material extracted added to fertilizer can improve the nutrient of fertilizer be worth, and improve the physiologically active of plant, induction raising plant resistance to environment stress, enhancing improving activity of root system, enhance metabolism etc. is all played a key effect, is therefore applied in the preparation of fertilizer that there are high potentiality.And physiological fallen fruit is a kind of normal phenomenon in citrusfruit growth course; China's citrus plants is wide in variety, cultivated area is wide; having substantial amounts of oranges and tangerines young fruit to come off before maturation every year, young fruit shedding aboundresources, this also provides the raw material of abundance for the scale extraction and application of oranges and tangerines young fruit.

The floral special-purpose fertilizer formula that CN101913953B provides includes photosynthetic bacterial classification, shitosan, synergist, trace element mixture, N P and K inorganic nutrients and natural plants essence, but its nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source the most do not have slow release effect, and still based on a great number of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the demand of flowers centering trace element can not be met very well, still need and individually supplement, add fertilising cost, corresponding adjustment cannot be made for the physiological situation of plant, soil property water source environment simultaneously.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is contemplated to make up the defect of prior art, it is provided that a kind of grafting flowers coated fertilizer.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A kind of grafting flowers coated fertilizer, is prepared by the raw materials in: biogas residue 44-48, lard stearin 23-25, methane liquid 5-6, calcium ammonium nitrate 4-5, potassium phosphate 4-6, aminosalicylic acid 1.4-1.5, graft acrylamide 1.2-1.4, tangelo young fruit 36-39, dimethylformamide 0.4-0.5, methyl jasmonate 2.6-2.8, polyvinyl alcohol 1.2-1.5,50% ethanol solution are appropriate, 70% methanol solution is appropriate, water is appropriate.

Described grafting flowers specifically comprising the following steps that by coated fertilizer preparation method

(1) biogas residue, lard stearin, methane liquid mixing are placed in fermentation vat retting fermentation 3-4 week, after ferment, take out fermentation material drying, and with calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium phosphate mixing granulation, obtain particle standby；

(2) dry 20-24 hour at 50-55 DEG C after tangelo young fruit being dried, pulverize with pulverizer after taking-up and cross 180-200 mesh sieve, 50% ethanol solution is added again by solid-liquid ratio 1:30-32g/ml, and under 580-600W power the Microwave Extraction 32-35 second, be filtrated to get ethanol extract and filter residue after completing, ethanol extract is evaporated powder is standby；

(3) step 2 gained filter residue use water is rinsed to without ethanol residual, 70% methanol solution is added again by solid-liquid ratio 1:24-25g/ml, after being heated to 33-35 DEG C under the conditions of 20kHz ultrasonic extract 44-46 minute, be filtrated to get methanol extract liquid after completing, be evaporated powder is standby；

(4) rice husk is calcined 2-3 hour with 450-460 DEG C under closed environment, pulverize as powdered carbon after taking-up, and add the water of 5-6 times of its quality, filter after soaking 8-10 hour and remove moisture removal, and rejoin 6-8 times of water, it is simultaneously introduced step 2 gained powder, dimethylformamide, methyl jasmonate and aminosalicylic acid, is heated to 98-100 DEG C, being down to room temperature after being incubated 90-95 minute, it is standby that filtering drying obtains coating biology powdered carbon；

(5) by step 3 gained powder, graft acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, and add the water of 2-3 times of mixture quality, be heated to 56-58 DEG C and stir to the most homogeneous, being down to normal temperature afterwards, obtain binding material standby；

(6) step 1 gained particle is poured in the rotary drum of rotation, it is heated to 40-42 DEG C, and take half step 5 gained binding material to particle surface sprinkling, afterwards step 4 gained coating biology powdered carbon is joined in rotary drum, spray residue binding material makes material roll granulating simultaneously, stop operating after to be wrapped, obtain coated fertilizer of the present invention.

The invention have the advantage that

The fertilizer of the present invention uses that rice husk powdered carbon is immobilized plants source property active material, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improve while slowing down fertilizer nutrient rate of release, twice extraction of oranges and tangerines young fruit achieves the synephrine containing it respectively, the efficient utilization of the materials such as flavones, and utilize the extract of young fruit on the one hand by causing the slight change of root cell membrane structure, suitably reduce membrane passage, thus reach to strengthen the purpose of cell membrane stability, on the other hand by the enzyme relevant with mineral nutrition or ionic pump on activated membrane, improve the selection absorbability to various nutrients, thus promote root system to the absorption of nutrient and utilization.The coated fertilizer nutrient of the present invention is comprehensive simultaneously, its rich in middle trace element can preferably promote the activity of grafting flowers callus, improve healing rate, methyl jasmonate, aminosalicylic acid etc. can improve again the physiological resistance of flowers after absorbing, the infection of suppression wound germ, thus prevent two aspects to have preferably effect in nutrition follow-up and infection process, substantially increase the survival rate of grafting flowers.

Detailed description of the invention

A kind of grafting flowers coated fertilizer, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion (kg): biogas residue 44, lard stearin 23, methane liquid 5, calcium ammonium nitrate 4, potassium phosphate 4, aminosalicylic acid 1.4, graft acrylamide 1.2, tangelo young fruit 36, dimethylformamide 0.4, methyl jasmonate 2.6, polyvinyl alcohol 1.2,50% ethanol solution are appropriate, 70% methanol solution is appropriate, water is appropriate.

Described grafting flowers specifically comprising the following steps that by coated fertilizer preparation method

(1) biogas residue, lard stearin, methane liquid mixing are placed in fermentation vat retting and ferment 3 weeks, taking-up fermentation material drying after ferment, and with calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium phosphate mixing granulation, obtain particle standby；

(2) dry 20 hours at 50 DEG C after tangelo young fruit being dried, pulverize with pulverizer after taking-up and cross 180 mesh sieves, 50% ethanol solution is added again by solid-liquid ratio 1:30g/ml, and under 580W power Microwave Extraction 32 seconds, be filtrated to get ethanol extract and filter residue after completing, ethanol extract is evaporated powder is standby；

(3) step 2 gained filter residue use water is rinsed to without ethanol residual, then adds 70% methanol solution by solid-liquid ratio 1:24g/ml, after being heated to 33 DEG C under the conditions of 20kHz ultrasonic extraction 44 minutes, be filtrated to get methanol extract liquid after completing, be evaporated powder is standby；

(4) rice husk is calcined 2 hours with 450 DEG C under closed environment, pulverize as powdered carbon after taking-up, and add the water of 5 times of its quality, filter after soaking 8 hours and remove moisture removal, and rejoin 6 times of water, it is simultaneously introduced step 2 gained powder, dimethylformamide, methyl jasmonate and aminosalicylic acid, is heated to 98 DEG C, being down to room temperature after being incubated 90 minutes, it is standby that filtering drying obtains coating biology powdered carbon；

(5) by step 3 gained powder, graft acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, and add the water of 2 times of mixture qualities, be heated to 56 DEG C and stir to the most homogeneous, being down to normal temperature afterwards, obtain binding material standby；

(6) step 1 gained particle is poured in the rotary drum of rotation, it is heated to 40 DEG C, and take half step 5 gained binding material to particle surface sprinkling, afterwards step 4 gained coating biology powdered carbon is joined in rotary drum, spray residue binding material makes material roll granulating simultaneously, stop operating after to be wrapped, obtain coated fertilizer of the present invention.

In order to further illustrate the using value of the present invention, inventor chooses booth potted plant grafting Jasmine as experimental cultivar, choosing the 60 average plant heights of strain is the prime strain of 34cm, wherein 30 strains use commercially available common compound fertilizer for flower as a control group, another 30 strains use coated fertilizer of the present invention as experimental group, other management methods are identical, cultivate 30 days and observe the growth result of flowers, wherein the average plant height of experimental group Jasmine is 48.0cm, branch amount is 13, and control group plant height is 44.8cm, branch amount is 9, experimental group relatively control group longer blooming period 3-4 days simultaneously, the present invention has preferable using effect as can be seen here.

Claims (2)

1. a grafting flowers coated fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be prepared by the raw materials in: biogas residue 44-48, lard stearin 23-25, methane liquid 5-6, calcium ammonium nitrate 4-5, potassium phosphate 4-6, aminosalicylic acid 1.4-1.5, graft acrylamide 1.2-1.4, tangelo young fruit 36-39, dimethylformamide 0.4-0.5, methyl jasmonate 2.6-2.8, polyvinyl alcohol 1.2-1.5,50% ethanol solution are appropriate, 70% methanol solution is appropriate, water is appropriate.

2. according to the grafting flowers coated fertilizer described in claims 1, it is characterised in that specifically comprising the following steps that of preparation method

(1) biogas residue, lard stearin, methane liquid mixing are placed in fermentation vat retting fermentation 3-4 week, after ferment, take out fermentation material drying, and with calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium phosphate mixing granulation, obtain particle standby；

(2) dry 20-24 hour at 50-55 DEG C after tangelo young fruit being dried, pulverize with pulverizer after taking-up and cross 180-200 mesh sieve, 50% ethanol solution is added again by solid-liquid ratio 1:30-32g/ml, and under 580-600W power the Microwave Extraction 32-35 second, be filtrated to get ethanol extract and filter residue after completing, ethanol extract is evaporated powder is standby；

(3) step 2 gained filter residue use water is rinsed to without ethanol residual, 70% methanol solution is added again by solid-liquid ratio 1:24-25g/ml, after being heated to 33-35 DEG C under the conditions of 20kHz ultrasonic extract 44-46 minute, be filtrated to get methanol extract liquid after completing, be evaporated powder is standby；

(4) rice husk is calcined 2-3 hour with 450-460 DEG C under closed environment, pulverize as powdered carbon after taking-up, and add the water of 5-6 times of its quality, filter after soaking 8-10 hour and remove moisture removal, and rejoin 6-8 times of water, it is simultaneously introduced step 2 gained powder, dimethylformamide, methyl jasmonate and aminosalicylic acid, is heated to 98-100 DEG C, being down to room temperature after being incubated 90-95 minute, it is standby that filtering drying obtains coating biology powdered carbon；

(5) by step 3 gained powder, graft acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol, and add the water of 2-3 times of mixture quality, be heated to 56-58 DEG C and stir to the most homogeneous, being down to normal temperature afterwards, obtain binding material standby；

(6) step 1 gained particle is poured in the rotary drum of rotation, it is heated to 40-42 DEG C, and take half step 5 gained binding material to particle surface sprinkling, afterwards step 4 gained coating biology powdered carbon is joined in rotary drum, spray residue binding material makes material roll granulating simultaneously, stop operating after to be wrapped, obtain coated fertilizer of the present invention.