CN105854830A - 一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂 - Google Patents

一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂 Download PDF

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CN105854830A
CN105854830A CN201610426285.4A CN201610426285A CN105854830A CN 105854830 A CN105854830 A CN 105854830A CN 201610426285 A CN201610426285 A CN 201610426285A CN 105854830 A CN105854830 A CN 105854830A
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王春保
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MAANSHAN SHUNDA ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：粉煤灰40‑50、硝酸铁4‑5、醋酸锰3‑4、玻璃纤维13‑15、硅酸钠5‑7、石灰3‑4、氯化铝5‑6、鹿沼土4‑5、硼酸酯偶联剂0.3‑0.5、去离子水适量；本发明制取方法简单、成本较低，与原始粉煤灰相比具有汞吸附能力强、吸附量大等优点，能够有效吸附烟气中的汞。

Description

一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂
技术领域
本发明涉及吸附剂技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂。
背景技术
近年来，煤在燃烧过程中产生的金属元素引起了社会各界的关注，这些金属元素排放到大气中后会对环境造成很大的影响，汞就是其中有害金属之一。汞元素具有在生物体内和食物链中不断富集的性质，会对人体的神经系统造成长期不可治愈的伤害，在日常的工业生产中，冶炼行业、赤矿开采、水泥生产、生物质燃烧、燃煤燃烧等都会产生一定量的汞排放到大气中，其中燃煤是目前最大的污染源。为了解决日益严重的燃煤烟气汞污染问题，人们致力于开发许多有效的催化剂，烟道活性炭喷射技术是一种较为理想的技术，由于具有较高的吸附效果，在诸多电厂都已经使用，但是由于活性炭价格昂贵，限制了大规模的应用，尤其像在中国这样的发展中国家，更需要一种经济有效的吸附剂来取代活性炭。
粉煤灰中有一定量的未燃碳，含量一般在2%到12%之间，目前，为了控制氮氧化物的排放，许多燃煤电厂使用低氮燃烧器来满足氮氧化物的排放需求，低氮燃烧中的低温低氧条件使得粉煤灰中的含碳量明显增加，使粉煤灰的含碳量甚至增加至20%甚至更高。粉煤灰的未燃碳对单质汞有一定的吸附能力，用粉煤灰中的未燃碳来取代活性炭来吸附烟气中的汞不失为一种经济可行的方法。粉煤灰中含有的丰富的金属元素对汞的吸附和氧化也有一定的作用。粉煤灰对污染物具有一定的吸附能力，但是吸附效果往往不够理想，为了使粉煤灰的吸附性能得到提高，对粉煤灰进行改性研究是研究的重点。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：粉煤灰40-50、硝酸铁4-5、醋酸锰3-4、玻璃纤维13-15、硅酸钠5-7、石灰3-4、氯化铝5-6、鹿沼土4-5、硼酸酯偶联剂0.3-0.5、去离子水适量；
所述一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将粉煤灰用去离子水洗涤数次，然后在烘箱中于120°C下干燥4-5h，冷却后将粉煤灰用2倍量的硝酸浸泡2-3h，之后在60°C的水浴锅中水浴1h，再用去离子水洗涤至中性，烘干备用；
（2）将硝酸铁和醋酸锰混合用3-4倍量的去离子水溶解搅拌均匀，再将步骤（1）制备的粉煤灰加到混合液中，在磁力搅拌器中加热搅拌至干，然后放入干燥器中于120°C下干燥3-4h，最后研磨至细，并放入马弗炉中在400-600°C下煅烧0.5-1h，冷却后过100目筛备用；
（3）将玻璃纤维用2倍量的肥皂水浸泡20min后洗涤，晾干后用10%的盐酸在50°C下浸泡30-40min，然后用去离子水洗涤烘干后备用；
（4）将玻璃纤维短切后和石灰、氯化铝、鹿沼土、硼酸酯偶联剂混合研磨分散均匀，将硅酸钠溶于水制成浓度为40-60%的溶液，将混合物加到硅酸钠水溶液中加热至50-60°C搅拌均匀形成浆料，再将步骤（2）制备的改性粉煤灰加到浆料中，搅拌均匀喷雾干燥即可制得。
本发明的优点是：粉煤灰颗粒表面光滑，用酸氧化后表面较为粗糙，增大了比表面积，再经锰和铁掺杂后，团聚在其表面，对汞具有良好的催化性能，能将汞氧化并且牢牢吸附在粉煤灰表面，并且自身也会再次氧化，使吸附剂的活性保持稳定继续发挥吸附作用，粉煤灰还含有丰富的金属元素，在汞的吸附氧化方面具有一定的优势，本发明还选用耐高温的玻璃纤维进行改性增大比表面积提高负载效果，从而发挥最大优势的吸附性，添加的玻璃纤维不仅对烟气中的细颗粒物具有良好的控制性，还具有良好的抗硫性能，添加的石灰、氯化铝、鹿沼土极大的提高了吸附剂的吸附容量和吸附效率，提高了吸附剂的质量，本发明制取方法简单、成本较低，与原始粉煤灰相比具有汞吸附能力强、吸附量大等优点，能够有效吸附烟气中的汞。
具体实施方式
一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂，由以下重量份的原料制成：粉煤灰40、硝酸铁4、醋酸锰3、玻璃纤维13、硅酸钠5、石灰3、氯化铝5、鹿沼土4、硼酸酯偶联剂0.3、去离子水适量；
所述一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将粉煤灰用去离子水洗涤数次，然后在烘箱中于120°C下干燥4h，冷却后将粉煤灰用2倍量的硝酸浸泡2h，之后在60°C的水浴锅中水浴1h，再用去离子水洗涤至中性，烘干备用；
（2）将硝酸铁和醋酸锰混合用3倍量的去离子水溶解搅拌均匀，再将步骤（1）制备的粉煤灰加到混合液中，在磁力搅拌器中加热搅拌至干，然后放入干燥器中于120°C下干燥3h，最后研磨至细，并放入马弗炉中在400°C下煅烧0.5h，冷却后过100目筛备用；
（3）将玻璃纤维用2倍量的肥皂水浸泡20min后洗涤，晾干后用10%的盐酸在50°C下浸泡30min，然后用去离子水洗涤烘干后备用；
（4）将玻璃纤维短切后和石灰、氯化铝、鹿沼土、硼酸酯偶联剂混合研磨分散均匀，将硅酸钠溶于水制成浓度为40%的溶液，将混合物加到硅酸钠水溶液中加热至50°C搅拌均匀形成浆料，再将步骤（2）制备的改性粉煤灰加到浆料中，搅拌均匀喷雾干燥即可制得。
将制备的吸附剂用于脱汞性能评级实验装置进行试验，模拟烟气流量为1L/min，进口汞蒸汽浓度3mg/ m3，空气速度为34000 h-1的实验条件下，汞的脱除率可达83%，脱硝率可达38%。

Claims (2)

1. 一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：粉煤灰40-50、硝酸铁4-5、醋酸锰3-4、玻璃纤维13-15、硅酸钠5-7、石灰3-4、氯化铝5-6、鹿沼土4-5、硼酸酯偶联剂0.3-0.5、去离子水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂，其特征在于，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将粉煤灰用去离子水洗涤数次，然后在烘箱中于120°C下干燥4-5h，冷却后将粉煤灰用2倍量的硝酸浸泡2-3h，之后在60°C的水浴锅中水浴1h，再用去离子水洗涤至中性，烘干备用；
（2）将硝酸铁和醋酸锰混合用3-4倍量的去离子水溶解搅拌均匀，再将步骤（1）制备的粉煤灰加到混合液中，在磁力搅拌器中加热搅拌至干，然后放入干燥器中于120°C下干燥3-4h，最后研磨至细，并放入马弗炉中在400-600°C下煅烧0.5-1h，冷却后过100目筛备用；
（3）将玻璃纤维用2倍量的肥皂水浸泡20min后洗涤，晾干后用10%的盐酸在50°C下浸泡30-40min，然后用去离子水洗涤烘干后备用；
（4）将玻璃纤维短切后和石灰、氯化铝、鹿沼土、硼酸酯偶联剂混合研磨分散均匀，将硅酸钠溶于水制成浓度为40-60%的溶液，将混合物加到硅酸钠水溶液中加热至50-60°C搅拌均匀形成浆料，再将步骤（2）制备的改性粉煤灰加到浆料中，搅拌均匀喷雾干燥即可制得。
CN201610426285.4A 2016-06-16 2016-06-16 一种用于燃煤烟气的吸附剂 Withdrawn CN105854830A (zh)

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CN102284272A (zh) * 2011-06-23 2011-12-21 重庆大学 粉煤灰基烟气脱汞吸附剂
CN103285809A (zh) * 2013-05-16 2013-09-11 马玉山 用于吸附重金属离子的吸附剂及其制备方法
CN104289195A (zh) * 2014-09-23 2015-01-21 尤明 一种孔隙发达成本低的活性炭硅藻土颗粒及其制备方法
CN104437371A (zh) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-25 安徽天泰环保科技有限公司 一种复合多孔活性炭烟气吸附剂及其制备方法
CN104888734A (zh) * 2015-05-21 2015-09-09 安徽凤凰滤清器股份有限公司 一种绿色环保改性火山岩吸附剂
CN105148840A (zh) * 2015-09-01 2015-12-16 安徽省含山县天顺环保设备有限公司 一种粉煤灰烟气脱汞吸附剂

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102284272A (zh) * 2011-06-23 2011-12-21 重庆大学 粉煤灰基烟气脱汞吸附剂
CN103285809A (zh) * 2013-05-16 2013-09-11 马玉山 用于吸附重金属离子的吸附剂及其制备方法
CN104289195A (zh) * 2014-09-23 2015-01-21 尤明 一种孔隙发达成本低的活性炭硅藻土颗粒及其制备方法
CN104437371A (zh) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-25 安徽天泰环保科技有限公司 一种复合多孔活性炭烟气吸附剂及其制备方法
CN104888734A (zh) * 2015-05-21 2015-09-09 安徽凤凰滤清器股份有限公司 一种绿色环保改性火山岩吸附剂
CN105148840A (zh) * 2015-09-01 2015-12-16 安徽省含山县天顺环保设备有限公司 一种粉煤灰烟气脱汞吸附剂

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Application publication date: 20160817