CN105853366A - 青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂 - Google Patents
青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂,所述青阳参总甙固体分散体由青阳参总甙与载体材料制成,其中青阳参总甙与载体材料的重量比为1:1‑1:5。本发明还涉及采用固体分散体制成的制剂。该与现有技术相比,本发明青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂能够克服青阳参总甙水溶性差,现有剂型吸收利用度低、用药剂量大、起效慢等问题,具有安全、稳定、载药量高的优点,并且制备工艺简单,适于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂,属于药物技术领域。
背景技术
青阳参,为萝藦科植物青阳参(Cynanchum otophyllum Scheid)的块根,其药用成分为青阳参皂甙,具有平肝补肾、豁痰镇痉、定痫之功效;用于癫痫、头昏头痛、眩晕、耳鸣、腰膝酸软等症。市售青阳参片收载于中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准中药成方制剂第十二册WS3-B-2343-97,即为利用青阳参总甙和辅料淀粉制成的片剂,每片含青阳参总甙100mg,其用法用量为口服,一次4-8片,一次1次,每次服用剂量较大(400-800mg),会对患者造成依从性不高的影响,且由于药物用量大,导致一些副作用的发生;而且青阳参总皂甙水溶性差,普通片剂溶出度低(经测定,溶出度约为40%),影响其吸收与利用,不能满足临床应用的需要。
本发明人在中国专利CN200810068892.3“青阳参分散片及其制备方法”中,研制开发利用青阳参总甙提取物和一定配比的崩解剂、润滑剂、表面活性剂制成的青阳参分散片,与普通片剂比较,提高了溶出度,使青阳参较好地发挥药用效果。但是,口服该制剂后活性成分在体内的吸收还不够理想。
由此可见,研究开发出一种溶出快、吸收好,安全性高的青阳参总甙固体口服制剂显得尤为迫切。
申请人在后续研究中发现,将青阳参总甙制备成固体分散体,然后再进一步制成片剂、胶囊等固体剂型,不仅更进一步提高药物的溶出度,还提高药物的生物利用度,降低了总甙的单次服用量,利用少量的原料即能达到疗效,且药物稳定性高、吸收迅速,具有安全、稳定、单剂载药量高的优点。目前尚未发现青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明克服现有技术的不足,提供一种溶出快、吸收好、疗效高、安全、稳定的青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂。
具体技术方案如下:
一种青阳参总甙固体分散体,由青阳参总甙与载体材料制成,其中,青阳参总甙与载体材料的重量比为1:1-1:5。
进一步地,所述青阳参总甙与载体材料的重量比为1:2-1:3。
所述的载体材料选自聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯、泊洛沙姆188、PFG6000、PEG3000+十二烷基磺酸钠中的一种。优选聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯。
本发明还提供了青阳参总甙固体分散体的制备方法,步骤如下:取质量比为1:1-1:5的青阳参总甙与载体材料,先将载体材料于50-70℃水浴中加热,待载体材料完全熔融后,加入青阳参总甙,搅拌均匀,迅速置于冰水浴上,快速搅拌使固化,然后将固化物置于-20―-10℃条件下继续固化4-6h,取出、粉碎,真空干燥12-24h,取出,粉碎,过80目筛,即得青阳参总甙固体分散体。
本发明还提供了采用上述青阳参总甙固体分散体制成的制剂,是将青阳参总甙固体分散体与药学上可接受的辅料,按照常规方法制备,所述制剂为片剂、胶囊剂或颗粒剂。
其中,按重量份数计,片剂包含下列物质:
青阳参总甙固体分散体33-40%、预胶化淀粉35-40%、微晶纤维素15-20%、L-HPMC 5-8%、滑石粉2-3%、硬脂酸镁0.5-1%。
其中,按重量份数计,胶囊剂包含下列物质:
青阳参总甙固体分散体30-40%、预胶化淀粉50-55%、微晶纤维素10-15%、硬脂酸镁0.5-1%。
其中,按重量份数计,颗粒剂包含下列物质:
青阳参总甙固体分散体6-18%、糊精44-52%、可溶性淀粉20-35%、微晶纤维素10-15%、阿斯巴甜0.3-0.5%、硬脂酸镁0.5-0.8%。
与现有技术相比,本发明的青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂具有如下优点:(1)提高了青阳参总甙的体外溶出度,实验结果显示在45min以内,其溶出度达到92%以上,超过普通片剂和CN200810068892.3的分散片,后两者溶出度分别为40%、85%;(2)改善了青阳参总甙口服吸收差、生物利用度的不足,同等剂量下疗效优于普通片剂和分散片;(3)降低每单位制剂中活性成分用量的同时,保持大剂量的药效,减少了药物的毒副作用。每日使用剂量为300-600mg即能达到普通片400-800mg用量的治疗效果,并且使用安全无刺激性;(4)释药速度大大高于普通片和分散片,提高了药物的吸收速度;另外通过制剂性质考察,结果显示制成的制剂稳定性好、溶出度高,溶出速率高;(5)制备工艺简单,适合工业化生产。
具体研究过程如下:
实验例1载体材料筛选研究
取重量比为1:2的青阳参总甙和不同载体材料,制成固体分散体,以不同载体制得的固体分散体指标成分含量与体外溶出度作为考察项。根据2010年版《中国药典》(二部)附录中的相关规定,采用桨法进行试验。取固体分散体适量,精密称定,均匀分撒布在溶出杯内,介质为0.2%十二烷基硫酸钠900ml,转速为100r/min,温度为37±0.5℃,分别于5、15、30、45、60min取样测定,计算累积溶出百分比,考察结果如下表1、表2:
表1:不同载体制成的固体分散体指标成分含量测定结果:
表2:不同载体制成的固体分散体累积溶出度试验结果:
以上结果可知,采用聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯、泊洛沙姆188、PFG6000、PEG3000+十二烷基磺酸钠作为载体材料,活性成分含量不受影响,且制成的固体分散体溶出度高,溶出速度快,在45min时累积溶出超过92%,其中,优选聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯。
实验例2成品性质评价及载体用量筛选
2.1成品溶出度结果
实验样品:按照实施例1-13制得的固体分散体及其制剂;
对照样品1:市售青阳参片,云南白药集团丽江药业有限公司生产;
对照样品2:按照中国专利CN200810068892.3实施例1制成的分散片。
测定方法同实验例1。结果见表3:
表3:制剂溶出度试验
溶出度(%) | 5min | 15min | 30min | 45min | 60min |
实施例1 | 51.9 | 72.6 | 83.7 | 92.1 | 94.2 |
实施例2 | 55.2 | 76.3 | 87.5 | 95.8 | 98.7 |
实施例3 | 55.8 | 76.5 | 88.2 | 95.4 | 98.2 |
实施例4 | 53.3 | 74.5 | 86.7 | 93.6 | 97.5 |
实施例5 | 54.4 | 76.6 | 87.1 | 94.4 | 97.8 |
实施例6 | 54.5 | 73.9 | 85.6 | 94.2 | 97.7 |
实施例7 | 54.8 | 74.2 | 85.8 | 95.0 | 97.8 |
实施例8 | 54.9 | 75.7 | 86.4 | 95.6 | 98.1 |
实施例9 | 54.7 | 75.5 | 86.1 | 95.2 | 98.2 |
实施例10 | 55.6 | 76.2 | 87.8 | 96.0 | 98.5 |
实施例11 | 55.4 | 76.3 | 87.4 | 95.7 | 98.3 |
实施例12 | 39.5 | 64.3 | 73.1 | 80.4 | 92.7 |
实施例13 | 55.9 | 77.1 | 88.5 | 95.0 | 97.6 |
对比样品1 | 7.6 | 25.1 | 34.0 | 41.1 | 42.8 |
对比样品2 | 47.4 | 66.8 | 75.7 | 87.6 | 88.5 |
上述结果可以看出,本发明的青阳参总甙制剂的体外溶出度显著优于普通片剂,好于对比样品2即分散片;与载体材料低、高组成用量的实施例12-13相比,溶出速度和累积溶出度均明显优于低用量,然而高载体材料用量并没有使溶出效果有明显改善,综合经济指标和辅料的影响因素,建议青阳参总甙与载体材料的重量比为1:1-1:5,优选1:2-1:3。
2.2稳定性研究
经初步稳定性考察,结果表明,本发明实施例6-11制成制剂,在各影响因素条件下放置10天,加速试验6个月、室温放置6个月,所有考察指标与0天比均无明显改变,含量稳定,说明本发明制剂稳定性良好。
实验例3药效学试验
3.1实验对象:顽固性癫痫志愿者人,其中男例,女例;年龄15-70岁,平均33±6岁,随机分成3组,对照组23例,实验1组24例,实验2组23例;各组件年龄、性别、病程、发作方式差异无显著性,排除三高、心脏病、胃溃疡、甲状腺功能异常、妊娠及肝肾功能损害者。
3.2实验方法:根据患者情况控制加量。各组采用苯妥英钠常规治疗,再辅以青阳参片和本发明固体分散体进行治疗,其中对照组辅助服用青阳参片,初始每日服用量为400mg,最高不超过800mg;实验1组辅助服用本发明制备的固体分散体,初始每日服用量为300mg,最高不超过600mg;实验2组辅助服用本发明制备的固体分散体,初始每日服用量为400mg,最高不超过800mg;以上各组用法用量均为一日1次,连服两天停药一天或隔日一次。均服用18个月。
疗效判定:志愿者入组后观察记录3、6、9、12、18个月期间的发作频率、副作用,以治疗前3月发作频率为基础对照,具体疗效判定指标为:控制——临床无发作;显效——癫痫发作频率减少到25%以下;有效——癫痫发作频率减少到25%-50%;无效——发作频率减少到50%以上;总有效率=(控制+显效+有效)例数/总例数。
副作用:化验血常规、肝功能、电解质并检测血药浓度,记录每个观察点前3个月的副作用,包括皮疹、眩晕、头疼、胃部不适等。
3.3实验结果:见表4。
表4本发明青阳参总甙固体分散体药效学研究结果
上述结果显示,采用本发明的固体分散体,每日使用剂量为300-600mg即能达到普通片400-800mg用量的治疗效果,同等剂量下疗效更高,且停药复发率低于普通片剂,副作用发生率也显著低于现有片剂,表明本品使用安全无刺激性。
综上试验结果:可以明显看出本发明制成的青阳参总甙固体分散体及其制剂稳定性好、溶出度高,溶出速率快,生物利用度高,治疗效果好,更有利于临床的使用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明加以说明,但不构成对本发明的任何限制。
实施例1固体分散体的制备
取质量比为1:1的青阳参总甙与泊洛沙姆188,先将载体材料于50℃水浴中加热,待载体材料完全熔融后,加入青阳参总甙,搅拌均匀,迅速置于冰水浴上,快速搅拌使固化,然后将固化物置于-20℃条件下继续固化4h,取出、粉碎,真空干燥24h,取出,粉碎,过80目筛,即得青阳参总甙固体分散体。
实施例2固体分散体的制备
取质量比为1:2的青阳参总甙与聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯,先将载体材料于60℃水浴中加热,待载体材料完全熔融后,加入青阳参总甙,搅拌均匀,迅速置于冰水浴上,快速搅拌使固化,然后将固化物置于-15℃条件下继续固化4h,取出、粉碎,真空干燥18h,取出,粉碎,过80目筛,即得青阳参总甙固体分散体。
实施例3固体分散体的制备
取质量比为1:3的青阳参总甙与聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯,先将载体材料于60℃水浴中加热,待载体材料完全熔融后,加入青阳参总甙,搅拌均匀,迅速置于冰水浴上,快速搅拌使固化,然后将固化物置于-10℃条件下继续固化6h,取出、粉碎,真空干燥24h,取出,粉碎,过80目筛,即得青阳参总甙固体分散体。
实施例4固体分散体的制备
取质量比为1:4的青阳参总甙与PFG6000,先将载体材料于70℃水浴中加热,待载体材料完全熔融后,加入青阳参总甙,搅拌均匀,迅速置于冰水浴上,快速搅拌使固化,然后将固化物置于-10℃条件下继续固化5h,取出、粉碎,真空干燥24h,取出,粉碎,过80目筛,即得青阳参总甙固体分散体。
实施例5固体分散体的制备
取质量比为1:5的青阳参总甙与载体材料PEG3000+十二烷基磺酸钠,先将载体材料于65℃水浴中加热,待载体材料完全熔融后,加入青阳参总甙,搅拌均匀,迅速置于冰水浴上,快速搅拌使固化,然后将固化物置于-15℃条件下继续固化5h,取出、粉碎,真空干燥12h,取出,粉碎,过80目筛,即得青阳参总甙固体分散体。
实施例6片剂
处方:青阳参总甙固体分散体33%、预胶化淀粉40%、微晶纤维素20%、L-HPMC5%、滑石粉2%、硬脂酸镁1%
制法:制备目标片剂1000片,青阳参总甙活性成分理论含量为每片150mg;取实施例1-5任一方法制备的青阳参总甙固体分散体,按上述片剂处方,加入预胶化淀粉、微晶纤维素,用L-HPMC制粒,干燥,整粒,加入滑石粉和硬脂酸镁混合均匀,压片,即得。
用法用量:口服,每次2-4片,每日1次。
实施例7片剂
处方:青阳参总甙固体分散体40%、预胶化淀粉35%、微晶纤维素15%、L-HPMC8%、滑石粉3%、硬脂酸镁0.5%
制法:制备目标片剂1000片,青阳参总甙活性成分理论含量为每片150mg;取实施例1-5任一方法制备的青阳参总甙固体分散体,按上述片剂处方,加入预胶化淀粉、微晶纤维素,用L-HPMC制粒,干燥,整粒,加入滑石粉和硬脂酸镁混合均匀,压片,即得。
实施例8胶囊剂
处方:青阳参总甙固体分散体30%、预胶化淀粉55%、微晶纤维素15%、硬脂酸镁0.5%
制法:制备目标胶囊剂1000粒,青阳参总甙活性成分理论含量为每粒150mg;取实施例1-5任一方法制备的青阳参总甙固体分散体,按上述胶囊剂处方,加入预胶化淀粉、微晶纤维素,混合均匀,然后加入硬脂酸镁混合均匀,装胶囊,即得。
用法用量:口服,每次2-4粒,每日1次。
实施例9胶囊剂
处方:青阳参总甙固体分散体40%、预胶化淀粉50%、微晶纤维素10%、硬脂酸镁1%
制法:制备目标胶囊剂1000粒,青阳参总甙活性成分理论含量为每粒150mg;取实施例1-5任一方法制备的青阳参总甙固体分散体,按上述胶囊剂处方,加入预胶化淀粉、微晶纤维素,混合均匀,然后加入硬脂酸镁混合均匀,装胶囊,即得。
实施例10颗粒剂
处方:青阳参总甙固体分散体6%、糊精44%、可溶性淀粉35%、微晶纤维素15%、阿斯巴甜0.5%、硬脂酸镁0.5%
制法:制备目标颗粒剂1000袋,青阳参总甙活性成分理论含量为每袋300mg;取实施例1-5任一方法制备的青阳参总甙固体分散体,按上述处方,加入糊精、可溶性淀粉、微晶纤维素,混合均匀,用50%乙醇制粒,干燥,整粒,加入阿斯巴甜、硬脂酸镁,混合均匀,装袋,即得。
用法用量:口服,每次1-2袋,每日1次。
实施例11颗粒剂
处方:青阳参总甙固体分散体18%、糊精52%、可溶性淀粉20%、微晶纤维素10%、阿斯巴甜0.3%、硬脂酸镁0.8%
制法:制备目标颗粒剂1000袋,青阳参总甙活性成分理论含量为每袋300mg;取实施例1-5任一方法制备的青阳参总甙固体分散体,按上述处方,加入糊精、可溶性淀粉、微晶纤维素,混合均匀,用50%乙醇制粒,干燥,整粒,加入阿斯巴甜、硬脂酸镁,混合均匀,装袋,即得。
实施例12低载体用量的固体分散体
取质量比为1:0.5的青阳参总甙与载体材料,按照实施例2的方法制备。
实施例13高载体用量的固体分散体
取质量比为1:6的青阳参总甙与载体材料,按照实施例2的方法制备。
Claims (10)
1.一种青阳参总甙固体分散体,其特征在于:所述青阳参总甙与载体材料的重量比为1:1-1:5。
2.如权利要求1所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体,其特征在于:所述青阳参总甙与载体材料的重量比为1:2-1:3。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体,其特征在于:所述的载体材料选自聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯、泊洛沙姆188、PFG6000、PEG3000+十二烷基磺酸钠中的一种。
4.如权利要求3所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体,其特征在于:所述的载体材料为聚氧乙烯40硬脂酸酯。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体,其特征在于:制备方法如下:取质量比为1:1-1:5的青阳参总甙与载体材料,先将载体材料于50-70℃水浴中加热,待载体材料完全熔融后,加入青阳参总甙,搅拌均匀,迅速置于冰水浴上,快速搅拌使固化,然后将固化物置于-20―-10℃条件下继续固化4-6h,取出、粉碎,真空干燥12-24h,取出,粉碎,过80目筛,即得青阳参总甙固体分散体。
6.一种青阳参总甙固体分散体制剂,是将权利要求1或2所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体,加入药学上可接受的辅料,按照常规方法制备。
7.如权利要求6所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体制剂,其特征在于:所述制剂是片剂、胶囊剂或颗粒剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体制剂,其特征在于:所述片剂包含下列物质:
青阳参总甙固体分散体33-40%、预胶化淀粉35-40%、微晶纤维素15-20%、L-HPMC 5-8%、滑石粉2-3%、硬脂酸镁0.5-1%。
9.如权利要求7所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体制剂,其特征在于:所述胶囊剂包含下列物质:
青阳参总甙固体分散体30-40%、预胶化淀粉50-55%、微晶纤维素10-15%、硬脂酸镁0.5-1%。
10.如权利要求7所述的青阳参总甙固体分散体制剂,其特征在于:所述颗粒剂包含下列物质:
青阳参总甙固体分散体6-18%、糊精44-52%、可溶性淀粉20-35%、微晶纤维素10-15%、阿斯巴甜0.3-0.5%、硬脂酸镁0.5-0.8%。
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