CN105851066B - A kind of natural bactericidal agent and preparation method thereof of prevention peach scab - Google Patents
A kind of natural bactericidal agent and preparation method thereof of prevention peach scab Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of natural bactericidal agents and preparation method thereof of prevention peach scab.The natural bactericidal agent is formed by 6 10 parts by weight of barberry alkali extract, 15 parts by weight of Herba Sedi extract, anti-icing fluid glycerine, preservative ethyl alcohol, water, ultrasonic mixing；The content of the natural bactericidal agent Berberine is 5%.Preparation method includes the following steps：(1) Herba Sedi extract is extracted；(2) barberry alkali extract is extracted；(3) barberry alkali extract mixes in proportion with stringy stonecrop extracting solution, adds anti-icing fluid glycerine, preservative ethyl alcohol, water, ultrasound that fungicide is made.The natural bactericidal agent raw material sources of the prevention peach scab of the present invention are abundant, of low cost, are made of pure natural component, not only Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution, and can effectively prevent peach scab.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural bactericidal agents and preparation method thereof of prevention peach scab, belong to prevention pest and disease damage skill
Art field.
Background technology
In recent years, peach scab is increasingly severe.The harm of peach scab is very big.Symptom is mainly manifested on Peach fruits,
The quality of peach is seriously affected, next cause harm branch and blade.Fruit is fallen ill, and starts to occur gradually expanding after brown roundlet plaque-like
Greatly 2~3 millimeters of black are dotted, collect when scab is more in flakes.Since germ is only caused harm disease fruit skin, pericarp is made to stop growing, and
Suberification, and pulp growth is unaffected, so, dehiscent fruit frequent occurrence when being in a bad way makes fruit lose economic value.Branch
Morbidity, initial stage generate brown circle scab, later stage scab protuberance, color burn, occur gummosis sometimes, and germ is only to fall ill
Branch surface layer, second year sap will produce pore, the i.e. conidium of germ when flowing, becomes the main First aggression of peach scab
Source, harm are serious.
Currently, to prevent peach scab usually using chemical pesticide fungicide, such as hexaconazole, kresoxim-methyl, benziothiazolinone, penta
Azoles alcohol, Mancozeb etc., but effect is bad.Due to largely using chemical pesticide and caused by problem of environmental pollution it is increasingly tight
Weight.Meanwhile using chemical pesticide fungicide, so that pathogen strain is generated drug resistance, drug resistance, increasing the difficulty of prevention, very
Fail to prevention is caused.In addition, chemical pesticide will also result in threat because it does not have selectivity to beneficial biology.Moreover, very
More chemical pesticides are non-degradables or are difficult to degrade, and are easy to pollute the enrichment of object in animals and plants cylinder accumulation.In addition
Effective drug therapy there is no at present for peach scab.Requirement with the public to " pollution-free food ", " pollution-free food "
It is higher and higher, market to it is pollution-free, can the ecological agricultural chemical demand of natural degradation also gradually increase.It " is returned in terms of pesticide manufacturing
Return nature " and pesticide " Harmless, agriculture zero growth rate ", be the inexorable trend of society and Development of Natural Science, therefore novel
Biological broad spectrum bactericide has wide development prospect.
Based on the above prior art, subsidized by " Beijing City Education Commission's city-belonged university innovation ability promotes planning item "
Complete the present invention.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of natural disinfections of prevention peach scab environmentally protective, bactericidal effect is good
Agent.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of natural bactericidal agent of prevention peach scab, by barberry alkali extract 6-10 parts by weight, Herba Sedi extract
1-5 parts by weight, anti-icing fluid glycerine, preservative ethyl alcohol, water, ultrasonic mixing form；The content of the natural bactericidal agent Berberine is
5%.
Preferably, the content of the barberry alkali extract Berberine is 70% or more.The Herba Sedi extract it is dense
Degree is 0.1-0.2g crude drugs/mL.
The barberry alkali extract is extracted with the coptis, Cortex Phellodendri, barberry or Chinese mahonia leaf and is obtained.
A kind of preparation method of the natural bactericidal agent of the prevention peach scab, includes the following steps：
(1) stringy stonecrop is crushed, crosses 20 mesh sieve, the water of 5-10 times of weight is added, be heated to 80-90 DEG C of decoction 2-4h, mistake
Filtrate is collected in filter；Filter residue adds the ethanol water of 5-10 times of weight 50-75% percent by volume, is heated to 50-80 DEG C of decoction 2-
Filtrate is collected in 4h, filtering；The above filtrate merges, concentration；
(2) coptis, Cortex Phellodendri, barberry or Chinese mahonia leaf are crushed respectively, crosses 20 mesh sieve, takes 5-10 times of weight
0.2% aqueous sulfuric acid impregnates 12-24h, is heated to 80-90 DEG C of decoction 2-4h, and filtrate is collected in filtering；Filtrate milk of lime tune
To 12, filtering, filtrate sulfuric acid tune pH value to 2-3 adds the sodium chloride of 5-20%, makes sodium chloride pH value relative to filtrate
It is completely dissolved, stands overnight, filter to obtain jamaicin crude product；
(3) pure water that jamaicin crude product is added to 40-50 times of weight is heated to 80-90 DEG C of reflux and boils 30min, rapidly
It filters, collects filtrate；Insoluble matter adds the pure water of 30-40 times of weight again, boils 30min, and filtering, merging filtrate, filtrate adds sulphur
It is 1-2 that acid, which adjusts pH, obtains barberry alkali extract；
(4) barberry alkali extract mixes in proportion with stringy stonecrop extracting solution, adds anti-icing fluid glycerine, preservative ethyl alcohol, water, surpasses
Fungicide is made in sound.
In the step (4), ultrasonic power 450w, sonication treatment time 20-30min.
The present invention also provides application of the natural bactericidal agent in preventing peach scab, specially：Peach will be prevented
The natural bactericidal agent of scab measures water dilution with 500-1200 times, at the beginning of 4 months at the beginning of -7 months, monthly sprays 1-2 times, can be used for effectively anti-
Control peach scab.
The advantage of the invention is that：
Jamaicin has broad-spectrum sterilization effect, but jamaicin water solubility is very poor, and solubility in water is only 0.5%.This
Invention is first prepared into 70% or more barberry alkali extract, then is mixed with stringy stonecrop extracting solution, adds auxiliary material, and it is small to be prepared into 5% for ultrasound
Bark of a cork tree alkali fungicide.Compared with low concentration jamaicin aqua (0.5%), the transportation cost of jamaicin aqua is substantially reduced.And this hair
5% bright jamaicin aqua is to the control effect of peach scab up to 70% or more.
The natural bactericidal agent raw material sources of prevention peach scab provided by the invention are abundant, of low cost, using pure day
Right component is made, not only Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution, but also can effectively prevent peach scab.
Specific implementation mode
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) stringy stonecrop 1000g is crushed, crosses 20 mesh sieve, adds 10kg water, be heated to 80 DEG C of decoction 2h, extract, filter, filter
Liquid is collected.Filter residue adds the ethanol water of 5kg 50%, is heated to 50 DEG C of decoction 4h, obtains extracting solution.The above extracting solution merges, dense
It is reduced to 0.1g crude drugs/mL.
(2) jamaicin is extracted with Cortex Phellodendri and is obtained.Cortex Phellodendri 2000g is crushed, is crossed 20 mesh sieve, takes 10kg0.2% aqueous sulfuric acids
12h is impregnated, 80 DEG C of decoction 3h is heated to, extracts, filtering, filtrate is collected.Filtrate milk of lime tune pH value to 12, filtering, filtrate
With sulfuric acid tune pH value to 2,10% sodium chloride is added, sodium chloride is made to be completely dissolved, is stood overnight, filters to obtain jamaicin crude product
800g。
(3) crude jamaicin is added into 3600mL pure water, is heated to 90 DEG C of reflux and boils 30min, it is rapid to filter, collect filter
Liquid.Insoluble matter adds pure water 2000mL water again, boils 30min, and filtration, merging filtrate, it is 2 to add sulfuric acid tune pH, obtains barberry alkali carries
Take object, high performance liquid chromatography detection content of berberine is up to 91.5%.
(4) barberry alkali extract 150g and stringy stonecrop extracting solution 100mL, adds anti-icing fluid glycerine 2mL, 95% ethyl alcohol of preservative
5mL adds water 2180mL, 450w ultrasound 30min, is prepared into 5% jamaicin aqua.
Embodiment 2
(1) stringy stonecrop 1000g is crushed, crosses 20 mesh sieve, 8kg water is added, be heated to 90 DEG C of decoction 3h, extract, filter, filter
Liquid is collected.Filter residue adds the ethanol water of 6kg75%, is heated to 70 DEG C of decoction 4h, obtains extracting solution.The above extracting solution merges, dense
It is reduced to 0.15g crude drugs/mL.
(2) jamaicin is extracted with the coptis and is obtained.Coptis 2000g is crushed, is crossed 20 mesh sieve, takes 10kg0.2% aqueous sulfuric acids
It impregnates for 24 hours, is heated to 90 DEG C of decoction 2.5h, extracts, filtering, filtrate is collected.Filtrate milk of lime tune pH value to 12 filters, filter
Liquid sulfuric acid tune pH value to 2.5, adds 20% sodium chloride, sodium chloride is made to be completely dissolved, stand overnight, and filters to obtain jamaicin
Crude product 930g.
(3) crude jamaicin is added into 5000mL pure water, is heated to 85 DEG C of reflux and boils 30min, it is rapid to filter, collect filter
Liquid.Insoluble matter adds pure water 3100mL water again, boils 30min, and filtration, merging filtrate, it is 2 to add sulfuric acid tune pH, obtains barberry alkali carries
Take object, high performance liquid chromatography detection content of berberine is up to 85.5%.
(4) barberry alkali extract 150g and stringy stonecrop extracting solution 100mL, adds anti-icing fluid glycerine 5mL, 95% ethyl alcohol of preservative
10mL adds water 2020mL, 450w ultrasound 30min, is prepared into 5% jamaicin aqua.
Embodiment 3
(1) stringy stonecrop 1000g is crushed, crosses 20 mesh sieve, 5kg water is added, be heated to 85 DEG C of decoction 2.5h, extract, filtering,
Filtrate is collected.Filter residue adds the ethanol water of 5.5kg 60%, is heated to 80 DEG C of decoction 3h, obtains extracting solution.The above extracting solution closes
And it is concentrated into 0.2g crude drugs/mL.
(2) jamaicin is extracted with Chinese mahonia leaf and is obtained.Chinese mahonia leaf 2000g is crushed, is crossed 20 mesh sieve, is taken
20kg0.2% aqueous sulfuric acids impregnate for 24 hours, are heated to 80 DEG C of decoction 2.5h, extract, filtering, filtrate is collected.Filtrate milk of lime
Adjust pH value to 12, filtering, filtrate sulfuric acid tune pH value to 3 adds 5% sodium chloride, sodium chloride is made to be completely dissolved, placed
Night filters to obtain jamaicin crude product 652g.
(3) crude jamaicin is added into 4000mL pure water, is heated to 80 DEG C of reflux and boils 30min, it is rapid to filter, collect filter
Liquid.Insoluble matter adds pure water 2600mL water again, boils 30min, and filtration, merging filtrate, it is 2 to add sulfuric acid tune pH, obtains barberry alkali carries
Take object, high performance liquid chromatography detection content of berberine is up to 70.8%.
(4) barberry alkali extract 150g and stringy stonecrop extracting solution 100mL, adds anti-icing fluid glycerine 5mL, 95% ethyl alcohol of preservative
10mL adds water 1650mL, 450w ultrasound 30min, is prepared into 5% jamaicin aqua.
Embodiment 4
Experiment carries out in Pinggu district Mount Emei town.5 chemicals treatments are set altogether, and the respectively embodiment of the present invention 2 is made
Standby 5% jamaicin aqua, 1200 times of liquid, 900 times of liquid, 600 times of liquid, 80% mancozeb wettable powder 800 times of liquid, blank
It compares (CK).With 2 plants of trees for 1 experimental plot, 3 repetitions.Cell takes completely random to arrange.Respectively at April 1 in 2015
Day, May 2, May 17, June 2, July 1 carry out chemicals treatment, spray 5 times altogether.July 28, in every plant of test tree
East, West, South, North, in 5 points investigated with fruit, 20 fruits of each point investigation record fruit quantity at different levels by the state of an illness to fruit classification.0 leaf
On piece disease-free spot；0 grade：Disease-free spot on fruit；1 grade：There is scab 1~2 on each fruit；3 grades：There is scab 3~4 on each fruit
It is a；5 grades：There is scab 5~6 on each fruit；7 grades：There are scab 7~10 or part scab to be connected on each fruit and accounts for fruit area
1/5 or so, 9 grades：There are scab 10 or more or scab to be connected on each fruit and accounts for 1/4 or more fruit area.
Drug effect computational methods are as follows.
Table 1 is that 5% jamaicin aqua prevents peach scab result.The result shows that 5% 600-1200 times of liquid of jamaicin aqua
There are preferable control effect, no poisoning to occur, have no adverse effects to beneficial organism Peach fruits scab.5% jamaicin aqua
600-900 times of liquid is better than comparison medicament 80% Mancozeb, 800 times of liquid to Peach fruits scab preventive effect, or therewith without significance difference
It is different.
1 5% jamaicin aqua of table prevents peach scab result
| Processing | Extension rate | Disease index | Average preventive effect |
| CK | Water | 37.64 | - |
| 80% mancozeb wettable powder | 800 | 10.21 | 71.83 |
| 5% jamaicin aqua | 600 | 8.55 | 78.62 |
| 5% jamaicin aqua | 900 | 10.29 | 71.98 |
| 5% jamaicin aqua | 1200 | 12.47 | 67.32 |
Claims (7)
1. a kind of natural bactericidal agent of prevention peach scab, it is characterised in that：By barberry alkali extract 6-10 parts by weight, hang down basin
Careless extract 1-5 parts by weight, anti-icing fluid glycerine, preservative ethyl alcohol, water, ultrasonic mixing form；The natural bactericidal agent Berberine
Content be 5%；The extraction process of the Herba Sedi extract is：Stringy stonecrop is crushed, 20 mesh sieve is crossed, 5-10 times of weight is added
Water, be heated to 80-90 DEG C decoction 2-4h, filtering, collect filtrate；Filter residue adds 5-10 times of weight 50-75% percent by volume
Ethanol water, is heated to 50-80 DEG C of decoction 2-4h, and filtrate is collected in filtering；The above filtrate merges, concentration.
2. the natural bactericidal agent of prevention peach scab according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The jamaicin extraction
The content of object Berberine is 70% or more.
3. the natural bactericidal agent of prevention peach scab according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The stringy stonecrop
A concentration of 0.1-0.2g crude drugs/mL of extract.
4. the natural bactericidal agent of prevention peach scab according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The jamaicin
Extract is extracted with the coptis, Cortex Phellodendri, barberry or Chinese mahonia leaf and is obtained.
5. the preparation method of the natural bactericidal agent of the prevention peach scab described in a kind of any one of claim 1-4, special
Sign is：Include the following steps：
(1) stringy stonecrop is crushed, crosses 20 mesh sieve, the water of 5-10 times of weight is added, be heated to 80-90 DEG C of decoction 2-4h, filter, receive
Collect filtrate；Filter residue adds the ethanol water of 5-10 times of weight 50-75% percent by volume, is heated to 50-80 DEG C of decoction 2-4h, mistake
Filtrate is collected in filter；The above filtrate merges, concentration；
(2) coptis, Cortex Phellodendri, barberry or Chinese mahonia leaf are crushed respectively, crosses 20 mesh sieve, takes 0.2% sulphur of 5-10 times of weight
Aqueous acid impregnates 12-24h, is heated to 80-90 DEG C of decoction 2-4h, and filtrate is collected in filtering；Filtrate with milk of lime tune pH value extremely
12, filtering, filtrate sulfuric acid tune pH value to 2-3 adds the sodium chloride of 5-20% relative to filtrate, keeps sodium chloride completely molten
Solution, stands overnight, filters to obtain jamaicin crude product；
(3) pure water that jamaicin crude product is added to 40-50 times of weight is heated to 80-90 DEG C of reflux and boils 30min, rapid to filter,
Collect filtrate；Insoluble matter adds the pure water of 30-40 times of weight again, boils 30min, and filtering, merging filtrate, filtrate adds sulfuric acid tune pH
For 1-2, barberry alkali extract is obtained；
(4) barberry alkali extract mixes in proportion with stringy stonecrop extracting solution, adds anti-icing fluid glycerine, preservative ethyl alcohol, water, ultrasound system
At fungicide.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In the step (4), ultrasonic power 450w surpasses
The sonication time is 20-30min.
7. a kind of application of natural bactericidal agent described in claim 1 in preventing peach scab, it is characterised in that：It will prevention
The natural bactericidal agent of peach scab measures water dilution with 500-1200 times, at the beginning of 4 months at the beginning of -7 months, monthly sprays 1-2 times.
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| CN106538308A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-29 | 钟山县绿森农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of preventing and treating tribute Citrus chachiensis Hort. tree scab |
| CN112609205B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-10-26 | 陕西科技大学 | Nitrogen-doped carbon fiber loaded zirconium-induced transition metal phosphide and preparation method thereof |
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