CN105851066A - Natural fungicide for preventing and treating peach scab and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Natural fungicide for preventing and treating peach scab and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105851066A CN105851066A CN201610288872.1A CN201610288872A CN105851066A CN 105851066 A CN105851066 A CN 105851066A CN 201610288872 A CN201610288872 A CN 201610288872A CN 105851066 A CN105851066 A CN 105851066A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural fungicide for preventing and treating peach scab and a preparation method thereof. The natural fungicide is prepared by ultrasonically mixing, by weight, 6-10 parts of berberine extract, 1-5 parts of sedum sarmentosum extract, anti-freezing solution glycerinum, preservative ethyl alcohol and water. In the natural fungicide, the content of berberine is 5%. The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, the sedum sarmentosum extract is extracted; 2, the berberine extract is extracted; 3, the berberine extract and the sedum sarmentosum extract are mixed in proportion, and the anti-freezing solution glycerinum, the preservative ethyl alcohol and the water are added into the mixture to ultrasonically prepare the fungicide. The natural fungicide for preventing and treating peach scab is wide in raw material source and low in cost, is prepared from pure natural raw materials, and is nontoxic, free of pollution and capable of effectively preventing and treating peach scab.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural bactericidal agent preventing and treating peach tree scab and preparation method thereof, belong to prevention and elimination of disease and pests
Technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, Fructus Persicae scab is increasingly severe.The harm of Fructus Persicae scab is the biggest.Symptom is mainly manifested in Peach fruits
On, have a strong impact on the quality of Fructus Persicae, next cause harm branch top and blade.Fruit is fallen ill, and starts brown roundlet speckle occur
Gradually expand as 2～3 millimeters of black point-like after shape, collect when scab is many in flakes.Due to pathogenic bacteria only for peel of falling ill,
Peel is made to stop growing, and suberification, and sarcocarp growth is unaffected, so, often split when being in a bad way
Really, fruit is made to lose economic worth.Branch top is fallen ill, and the initial stage produces brown circle scab, later stage scab protuberance, face
Color is deepened, and gummosis sometimes occurs, and pathogenic bacteria is only for a top layer of falling ill, and Second Year resin can produce little black when flowing
The conidium of point, i.e. pathogenic bacteria, becomes the main primary source of infection of peach scab, and harm is serious.
At present, generally use chemical pesticide antibacterial for preventing and treating peach tree scab, as mould in hexaconazole, kresoxim-methyl, thiophene
Ketone, Tebuconazole, Mancozeb etc., but effect is the best.The environment caused due to a large amount of use chemical pesticides is dirty
Dye problem is on the rise.Meanwhile, use chemical pesticide antibacterial, make pathogen strain produce drug resistance, Drug resistance,
Add the difficulty of preventing and treating, even cause and prevent and treat unsuccessfully.Additionally, chemical pesticide does not have selectivity because of it, to having
The biology of benefit will also result in threat.And, a lot of chemical pesticides are non-degradables or are difficult to degraded, easily dynamic
Plant interior accumulation and pollute the enrichment of thing.There is no effective medicine at present additionally for peach tree scab to control
Treat.Along with the public is more and more higher to the requirement of " pollution-free food ", " pollution-free food ", market to pollution-free,
Can the ecological agricultural chemical demand of natural degradation the most gradually increase." back to nature " and pesticide in terms of pesticide manufacturing
" Harmless, agricultural zero growth rate ", is the inexorable trend of society and Development of Natural Science, and therefore new bio is wide
Spectrum antibacterial has wide development prospect.
Based on above prior art, by " Beijing City Education Commission's city-belonged university innovation ability promotes planning item "
Subsidy completes the present invention.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of environmental protection, the natural disinfection of the preventing and treating peach tree scab that bactericidal effect is good
Agent.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of natural bactericidal agent preventing and treating peach tree scab, is extracted by berberine extract 6-10 weight portion, Herba Sedi
Thing 1-5 weight portion, anti-icing fluid glycerol, preservative ethanol, water, ultrasonic mix；This natural bactericidal agent is medium and small
The content of bark of a cork tree alkali is 5%.
Preferably, the content of described berberine extract Berberine is more than 70%.Described Herba Sedi extract
Concentration is 0.1-0.2g crude drug/mL.
Described berberine extract extracts with Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Berberidis or Folium Mahoniae and obtains.
The preparation method of the natural bactericidal agent of a kind of described preventing and treating peach tree scab, comprises the following steps:
(1) Herba Sedi is pulverized, cross 20 mesh sieves, add the water of 5-10 times of weight, be heated to 80-90 DEG C of decoction
2-4h, filters, and collects filtrate；Filtering residue adds the ethanol water of 5-10 times of weight 50-75% percent by volume, adds
Heat decocts 2-4h to 50-80 DEG C, filters, and collects filtrate；Above filtrate merges, and concentrates；
(2) respectively Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Berberidis or Folium Mahoniae are pulverized, cross 20 mesh sieves, take 5-10 times and weigh
0.2% aqueous sulfuric acid of amount soaks 12-24h, is heated to 80-90 DEG C and decocts 2-4h, filter, collects filtrate；Filter
Liquid lime cream adjusts pH value to 12, filters, and filtrate adjusts pH value to 2-3 with sulphuric acid, relative to filtrate, adds
The sodium chloride of 5-20%, makes sodium chloride be completely dissolved, stands overnight, and sucking filtration obtains berberine crude product；
(3) berberine crude product is added the pure water of 40-50 times of weight, is heated to 80-90 DEG C of backflow and boils 30min,
Sucking filtration rapidly, collects filtrate；Insoluble matter adds the pure water of 30-40 times of weight again, boils 30min, filters, and closes
And filtrate, filtrate adds sulphuric acid and adjusts pH to be 1-2, obtains berberine extract；
(4) berberine extract is mixed in proportion with Herba Sedi extracting solution, add anti-icing fluid glycerol, preservative ethanol,
Water, ultrasonic makes antibacterial.
In described step (4), ultrasonic power is 450w, and sonication treatment time is 20-30min.
The present invention also provides for the application in preventing and treating peach tree scab of the described natural bactericidal agent, particularly as follows: Fructus Persicae will be prevented and treated
The natural bactericidal agent of tree scab dilutes with 500-1200 times amount water, at the beginning of 4 months at the beginning of-7 months, monthly sprays 1-2 time,
Can be used for effectively preventing and treating peach tree scab.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
Berberine has broad-spectrum sterilization effect, but berberine water solublity is very poor, and the dissolubility in water is only 0.5%.
The present invention is first prepared as more than 70% berberine extract, then mixes with Herba Sedi extracting solution, adds adjuvant, ultrasonic,
It is prepared as 5% berberine antibacterial.Compare with low concentration berberine water preparation (0.5%), be substantially reduced Radix Berberidis Amurensis aqueous alkali
The cost of transportation of agent.And the 5% berberine water preparation of the present invention reaches more than 70% to the prevention effect of peach tree scab.
The natural bactericidal agent abundant raw material source of the preventing and treating peach tree scab that the present invention provides, with low cost, use pure
Natural component is made, not only Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution, and can effectively prevent and treat peach tree scab.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) Herba Sedi 1000g is pulverized, cross 20 mesh sieves, add 10kg water, be heated to 80 DEG C and decoct 2h, carry
Take, filter, filtrate collection.Filtering residue adds the ethanol water of 5kg 50%, is heated to 50 DEG C and decocts 4h, obtains extraction
Liquid.Above extracting solution merges, and is concentrated into 0.1g crude drug/mL.
(2) berberine extracts with Cortex Phellodendri and obtains.Cortex Phellodendri 2000g pulverizes, crosses 20 mesh sieves, takes 10kg0.2% sulphuric acid
Aqueous solution soaking 12h, is heated to 80 DEG C and decocts 3h, extract, filter, filtrate collection.Filtrate is adjusted with lime cream
PH value, to 12, filters, and filtrate adjusts pH value to 2 with sulphuric acid, adds the sodium chloride of 10%, makes sodium chloride complete
Dissolving, stand overnight, sucking filtration obtains berberine crude product 800g.
(3) rough berberine is added 3600mL pure water, be heated to 90 DEG C of backflows and boil 30min, rapid sucking filtration,
Collect filtrate.Insoluble matter adds pure water 2000mL water again, boils 30min, filters, merging filtrate, adds sulphuric acid
Adjusting pH is 2, obtains berberine extract, and high performance liquid chromatography detection content of berberine reaches 91.5%.
(4) berberine extract 150g and Herba Sedi extracting solution 100mL, adds anti-icing fluid glycerol 2mL, preservative
95% ethanol 5mL, add water 2180mL, the ultrasonic 30min of 450w, is prepared as 5% berberine water preparation.
Embodiment 2
(1) Herba Sedi 1000g is pulverized, crosses 20 mesh sieves, add 8kg water, be heated to 90 DEG C and decoct 3h,
Extract, filter, filtrate collection.Filtering residue adds the ethanol water of 6kg75%, is heated to 70 DEG C and decocts 4h, must carry
Take liquid.Above extracting solution merges, and is concentrated into 0.15g crude drug/mL.
(2) berberine extracts with Rhizoma Coptidis and obtains.Rhizoma Coptidis 2000g pulverizes, crosses 20 mesh sieves, takes 10kg0.2% sulphuric acid
Aqueous solution soaking 24h, is heated to 90 DEG C and decocts 2.5h, extract, filter, filtrate collection.Filtrate is adjusted with lime cream
PH value, to 12, filters, and filtrate adjusts pH value to 2.5 with sulphuric acid, adds the sodium chloride of 20%, makes sodium chloride complete
CL, stands overnight, and sucking filtration obtains berberine crude product 930g.
(3) rough berberine is added 5000mL pure water, be heated to 85 DEG C of backflows and boil 30min, rapid sucking filtration,
Collect filtrate.Insoluble matter adds pure water 3100mL water again, boils 30min, filters, merging filtrate, adds sulphuric acid
Adjusting pH is 2, obtains berberine extract, and high performance liquid chromatography detection content of berberine reaches 85.5%.
(4) berberine extract 150g and Herba Sedi extracting solution 100mL, adds anti-icing fluid glycerol 5mL, preservative
95% ethanol 10mL, add water 2020mL, the ultrasonic 30min of 450w, is prepared as 5% berberine water preparation.
Embodiment 3
(1) Herba Sedi 1000g is pulverized, crosses 20 mesh sieves, add 5kg water, be heated to 85 DEG C and decoct 2.5h,
Extract, filter, filtrate collection.Filtering residue adds the ethanol water of 5.5kg 60%, is heated to 80 DEG C and decocts 3h,
Extracting solution.Above extracting solution merges, and is concentrated into 0.2g crude drug/mL.
(2) berberine extracts with Folium Mahoniae and obtains.Folium Mahoniae 2000g pulverizes, crosses 20 mesh sieves, takes
20kg0.2% aqueous sulfuric acid soaks 24h, is heated to 80 DEG C and decocts 2.5h, extract, filters, filtrate collection.Filter
Liquid lime cream adjusts pH value to 12, filters, and filtrate adjusts pH value to 3 with sulphuric acid, adds the sodium chloride of 5%,
Making sodium chloride be completely dissolved, stand overnight, sucking filtration obtains berberine crude product 652g.
(3) rough berberine is added 4000mL pure water, be heated to 80 DEG C of backflows and boil 30min, rapid sucking filtration,
Collect filtrate.Insoluble matter adds pure water 2600mL water again, boils 30min, filters, merging filtrate, adds sulphuric acid
Adjusting pH is 2, obtains berberine extract, and high performance liquid chromatography detection content of berberine reaches 70.8%.
(4) berberine extract 150g and Herba Sedi extracting solution 100mL, adds anti-icing fluid glycerol 5mL, preservative
95% ethanol 10mL, add water 1650mL, the ultrasonic 30min of 450w, is prepared as 5% berberine water preparation.
Embodiment 4
Test is carried out in Mount Emei town, Pinggu district.Set 5 chemicals treatment, the respectively embodiment of the present invention altogether
1200 times of liquid of 5% berberine water preparation of 2 preparations, 900 times of liquid, 600 times of liquid, 80% mancozeb wettable powders
800 times of liquid, blanks (CK).It is 1 experimental plot with 2 strain trees, repeats for 3 times.Community is taked completely
Random alignment.Enter respectively on April 1st, 2015, May 2, May 17, June 2, July 1
Row chemicals treatment, altogether spray medicine 5 times.July 28, every strain test tree East, West, South, North, in 5 with
Fruit investigation, 20 fruits of each investigation, by the state of an illness to fruit classification, record fruit quantity at different levels.Without scab on 0 blade；
0 grade: without scab on fruit；1 grade: on each fruit, have scab 1～2；3 grades: on each fruit, have scab 3～4
Individual；5 grades: on each fruit, have scab 5～6；7 grades: on each fruit, have scab 7～10, or part scab
Be connected account for fruit area about 1/5,9 grades: have scab on each fruit more than 10, or scab be connected account for fruit area 1/4
Above.
Drug effect computational methods are as follows.
Table 1 is that Fructus Persicae scab result prevented and treated by 5% berberine water preparation.Result shows, 5% berberine water preparation 600-1200
Times liquid has preferable prevention effect to Peach fruits scab, occurs without poisoning, has no adverse effects beneficial organism.5%
600-900 times of liquid of berberine water preparation is better than comparison 800 times of liquid of medicament 80% Mancozeb to Peach fruits scab preventive effect,
Or therewith without significant difference.
Fructus Persicae scab result prevented and treated by table 1 5% berberine water preparation
| Process | Extension rate | Disease index | Average preventive effect |
| CK | Water | 37.64 | - |
| 80% mancozeb wettable powder | 800 | 10.21 | 71.83 |
| 5% berberine water preparation | 600 | 8.55 | 78.62 |
| 5% berberine water preparation | 900 | 10.29 | 71.98 |
| 5% berberine water preparation | 1200 | 12.47 | 67.32 |
Claims (7)
1. the natural bactericidal agent preventing and treating peach tree scab, it is characterised in that: by berberine extract 6-10 weight
Amount part, Herba Sedi extract 1-5 weight portion, anti-icing fluid glycerol, preservative ethanol, water, ultrasonic mix；
The content of this natural bactericidal agent Berberine is 5%.
The natural bactericidal agent of preventing and treating peach tree scab the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The content of berberine extract Berberine is more than 70%.
The natural bactericidal agent of preventing and treating peach tree scab the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:
The concentration of described Herba Sedi extract is 0.1-0.2g crude drug/mL.
The natural bactericidal agent of preventing and treating peach tree scab the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:
Described berberine extract extracts with Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Berberidis or Folium Mahoniae and obtains.
5. the preparation side of the natural bactericidal agent of the preventing and treating peach tree scab according to any one of claim 1-4
Method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) Herba Sedi is pulverized, cross 20 mesh sieves, add the water of 5-10 times of weight, be heated to 80-90 DEG C of decoction
2-4h, filters, and collects filtrate；Filtering residue adds the ethanol water of 5-10 times of weight 50-75% percent by volume, adds
Heat decocts 2-4h to 50-80 DEG C, filters, and collects filtrate；Above filtrate merges, and concentrates；
(2) respectively Rhizoma Coptidis, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Berberidis or Folium Mahoniae are pulverized, cross 20 mesh sieves, take 5-10 times and weigh
0.2% aqueous sulfuric acid of amount soaks 12-24h, is heated to 80-90 DEG C and decocts 2-4h, filter, collects filtrate；Filter
Liquid lime cream adjusts pH value to 12, filters, and filtrate adjusts pH value to 2-3 with sulphuric acid, relative to filtrate, adds
The sodium chloride of 5-20%, makes sodium chloride be completely dissolved, stands overnight, and sucking filtration obtains berberine crude product；
(3) berberine crude product is added the pure water of 40-50 times of weight, is heated to 80-90 DEG C of backflow and boils 30min,
Sucking filtration rapidly, collects filtrate；Insoluble matter adds the pure water of 30-40 times of weight again, boils 30min, filters, and closes
And filtrate, filtrate adds sulphuric acid and adjusts pH to be 1-2, obtains berberine extract；
(4) berberine extract is mixed in proportion with Herba Sedi extracting solution, add anti-icing fluid glycerol, preservative ethanol,
Water, ultrasonic makes antibacterial.
Preparation method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in described step (4), ultrasonic merit
Rate is 450w, and sonication treatment time is 20-30min.
7. the application in preventing and treating peach tree scab of the natural bactericidal agent described in claim 1, its feature exists
In: the natural bactericidal agent of preventing and treating peach tree scab is diluted with 500-1200 times amount water, at the beginning of 4 months at the beginning of-7 months, monthly
Spray 1-2 time.
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| CN105851066B (en) | 2018-07-13 |
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