CN105845943A - 一种铝空气电池 - Google Patents
一种铝空气电池 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105845943A CN105845943A CN201610373524.4A CN201610373524A CN105845943A CN 105845943 A CN105845943 A CN 105845943A CN 201610373524 A CN201610373524 A CN 201610373524A CN 105845943 A CN105845943 A CN 105845943A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920012287 polyphenylene sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018626 Al(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
- H01M4/74—Meshes or woven material; Expanded metal
- H01M4/745—Expanded metal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
- H01M12/065—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode with plate-like electrodes or stacks of plate-like electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种铝空气电池,其是使用活性炭吸附空气中的氧作为正极、使用了铝片的负极、以及电解液的铝空气电池,所述活性炭为两组片状结构,所述铝片设置于两组活性炭之间;所述活性炭和所述铝片一同平方安置于所述电解液中,靠所述电解液的液面处的所述活性炭的外侧设置有高分子膜,所述高分子膜将所述电解液与空气分离;所述电解液中添加有催化剂。本发明的铝片设计立体网状结构,近似于鱼鳃结构,从而使得铝片能够充分与电解液反应,从而提高发电效率。另一方面高分子膜避免因电解液直接与空气接触导致的变质,同时也可以避免电解液漏出,污染环境。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及空气电池,具体讲是一种铝空气电池。
背景技术
铝空气电池是以金属铝作为燃料和空气作用发电的电池,其阳极是铝金属,阴极是多孔的碳粉和碳纤维的复合材料。铝和碳材都很轻,阴极的反应物直接由空气取得,因此能量密度很高,理论放电值计算可达8,000Wh/kg以上。
铝电极于碱性溶液中的化学反应方程式如下式(1)的放电反应与下式(2)的产氢反应所示。
Al+4OH-→Al(OH)4-+3e-;E=2.35V vs.SHE (1)
2Al+6H2O→2Al(OH)3+3H2 (2)
由目前文献上的数据,铝空气电池实际能量密度已超出300Wh/kg,比商用铅酸电池或镍氢电池均大上数倍。此外,铝金属材料仅为镍金属材料的1/7价格,未来在量产上的材料成本较为低廉。铝金属的耗用与回收再生并不是商业化的障碍,电池发电后的剩余产物主成分为氢氧化铝或氧化铝,可以通过回收再利用,由于氢氧化铝或氧化铝为自然界存在的矿物,因此就算直接抛弃对环境生态也没有影响,是高环境亲合性的电池。
但是,铝空气电池还存在充电较慢的问题。虽然铝空气电池含有高的比能量,但比功率较低,充电和放电速度比较缓慢,电压滞后。由于还会发生电池漏液等现象,所以导致仍有部分使用情境还需要解决。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种铝空气电池,其是使用活性炭吸附空气中的氧作为正极、使用了铝片的负极、以及电解液的铝空气电池,所述活性炭为两组片状结构,所述铝片设置于两组活性炭之间;所述铝片为3D打印的立体网状结构;所述活性炭和所述铝片一同平方安置于所述电解液中,靠所述电解液的液面处的所述活性炭的外侧设置有高分子膜,所述高分子膜将所述电解液与空气分离;所述电解液中添加有催化剂。
进一步地,所述立体网状结构为网厚0.05mm-2mm,网孔0.01*0.01mm-0.1*0.1mm。
进一步地,所述立体网状结构包括中心杆和鳃片组成;所述鳃片为多组排列设置于所述中心杆上。
进一步地,所述高分子膜为氧选择性透过膜。
进一步地,所述高分子膜是选聚砜、聚醚砜、聚苯砜、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚酰亚胺中一种或几种的混合物。
本发明的铝片设计立体网状结构,近似于鱼鳃结构,从而使得铝片能够充分与电解液反应,从而提高发电效率。另一方面高分子膜避免因电解液直接与空气接触导致的变质,同时也可以避免电解液漏出,污染环境。
附图说明
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解,下面结合附图,对本发明作进一步详细的说明,其中,
图1本发明所述的一种铝空气电池结构示意图;
图2本发明所述的一种铝空气电池的铝片结构示意图;
图3本发明所述的一种铝空气电池的铝片结构a局部放大示意图;
图中表示为;1-活性炭;2-铝片;3-高分子膜;4-电解液;5-中心杆;6-鳃片。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明的实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
如图1所示,活性炭1为两组片状结构,铝片2设置于两组活性炭1之间;活性炭1和铝片2一同平方安置于电解液4中,靠电解液4的液面处的活性炭1的外侧设置有高分子膜3,高分子膜3将所述电解液4与空气分离。
如图2所示,铝片2为3D打印的立体网状结构,网规格为网厚0.05mm,网孔0.01*0.1mm。
如图3所示,立体网状结构为三排鳃片6设置于中心杆5上。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。
Claims (5)
1.一种铝空气电池,其是使用活性炭吸附空气中的氧作为正极、使用了铝片的负极、以及电解液的铝空气电池,其特征在于,所述活性炭为两组片状结构,所述铝片设置于两组活性炭之间;所述铝片为3D打印的立体网状结构;所述活性炭和所述铝片一同平方安置于所述电解液中,靠所述电解液的液面处的所述活性炭的外侧设置有高分子膜,所述高分子膜将所述电解液与空气分离;所述电解液中添加有催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铝空气电池,其特征在于,所述立体网状结构为网厚0.05mm-2mm,网孔0.01*0.01mm-0.1*0.1mm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的铝空气电池,其特征在于,所述立体网状结构包括中心杆和鳃片组成;所述鳃片为多组排列设置于所述中心杆上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铝空气电池,其特征在于,所述高分子膜为氧选择性透过膜。
5.根据权利要求1或4任一项所述的铝空气电池,其特征在于,所述高分子膜是选聚砜、聚醚砜、聚苯砜、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚酰亚胺中一种或几种的混合物。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106876829A (zh) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-20 | 刘芙蓉 | 具有多种充电模式的电池 |
CN110364786A (zh) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-22 | 空天科技有限公司 | 一种铝空气发电系统及其构成的发电机组和发电站 |
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JP2010192313A (ja) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-02 | Mie Univ | リチウム空気電池 |
CN101132084B (zh) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-09-29 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种锌空气电池 |
CN102227035A (zh) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-10-26 | 清华大学 | 一种双层可控正极结构锂空气电池 |
JP2012054039A (ja) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 金属空気電池用発電要素及びその製造方法、並びに金属空気電池 |
CN104170158A (zh) * | 2012-03-09 | 2014-11-26 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 空气电池 |
CN205645984U (zh) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 王曦 | 一种铝空气电池 |
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2016
- 2016-05-30 CN CN201610373524.4A patent/CN105845943B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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CN101132084B (zh) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-09-29 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种锌空气电池 |
JP2010192313A (ja) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-02 | Mie Univ | リチウム空気電池 |
JP2012054039A (ja) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 金属空気電池用発電要素及びその製造方法、並びに金属空気電池 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106876829A (zh) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-20 | 刘芙蓉 | 具有多种充电模式的电池 |
CN106876829B (zh) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-11-17 | 刘芙蓉 | 具有多种充电模式的电池 |
CN110364786A (zh) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-22 | 空天科技有限公司 | 一种铝空气发电系统及其构成的发电机组和发电站 |
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