CN105832860A - 一种抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液及其制备方法,属于生物医药技术领域。本发明所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液由以下原料制备得到:药用级黄腐酸钠5‑10重量份;三七10‑15重量份;丹参10‑15重量份;蚕沙20‑25重量份;山楂10‑15重量份;柠檬10‑15重量份;冰糖10‑15重量份;其中,三七、丹参、山楂按重量份数1:1:1添加。本发明所述口服液原料来源丰富,制作工艺简单,便于携带,使用方便。可以有效地缓解由于高原反应引起的头晕、目眩、倦怠、乏力、恶心、呕吐、失眠、口干、血压异常、食欲减退等症状。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液及其制备方法,属于生物医药技术领域。
背景技术
高原反应是人到达一定海拔高度后,身体为适应因海拔高度而造成的气压差、含氧量少、空气干燥等的变化,而产生的自然生理反应,海拔高度一般达到2700米左右时,就会有高原反应。可细分为急性高原反应、高原心脏病、高原低血压、高原型肺水肿、高原昏迷、慢性高原反应、高原红细胞增多症。针对上述症状,目前市场上出现了高原康胶囊、红景天胶囊、西洋参丸等抗高原反应的药物,但是存在两种缺陷,第一 在提前使用的阶段,会产生持续兴奋的副作用;第二 不能够快速缓解恶心、呕吐、头晕、目眩等症状。因此探寻一个使用简便、药效快速、无副作用的药物是非常重要的。
现代医学认为高原反应是由于机体处于高原环境下的一种应急反应和代偿作用,全身水钠潴留,细胞间水肿所导致的高原性综合症候群,主要表现为:心跳呼吸加快,血压升高;白血球升高,同时消化分泌减少,胃肠蠕动受限。因此,以防治心血管药物控制血压,配伍胃肠调节剂,或许能有效缓解高原反应。
发明内容
目的在于提供一种抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液,能够有效的缓解高原反应引起的恶心、呕吐、食欲不振、口干等症状,并且改善口服液口感,使用简便、药效吸收快,便于携带。所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液,由以下原料制备得到:药用级黄腐酸钠5-10重量份;三七10-15重量份;丹参10-15重量份;蚕沙20-25重量份;山楂10-15重量份;柠檬10-15重量份;冰糖10-15重量份;其中,三七、丹参、山楂按重量重量份数1:1:1添加。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)取三七、丹参,粉碎、混匀,加三七、丹参总量的2-3倍量70%乙醇浸泡过夜,回流提取3.5~4.5h,过滤后得药液;滤渣再加入总量的2-3倍量70%乙醇,回流提取2.5~3.5h,过滤得药液,合并两次所得药液,将药液浓缩得浸膏,挥干酒精,备用;
(2)取山楂、柠檬,加入山楂、柠檬总量2-3倍量纯水,于微沸煮3.5~4.5h,过滤得滤液,滤渣再加两者总量的2-3倍量纯水微沸煮1.5~2.5h,过滤得滤液,合并两次滤液;
(3)取蚕沙20-25重量份,加2-3倍量纯水,纱布包煎3.5~4.5h,将药液浓缩至原体积1/10,备用;
(4)将黄腐酸钠,三七和丹参浸膏,蚕沙浓汁,山楂、柠檬滤液以及冰糖充分混合,60-70℃浓缩至原体积的1/3,板框压滤,于无菌条件灌装轧盖得到黄腐酸口服液。
黄腐酸钠,能刺激胃肠蠕动,提高消化分泌,保护胃黏膜等。其长链高分子结构,富含羧基、羰基、酚羟基、醌基等特性,让其具有亲水性、吸附性、离子交换作用、缓冲作用以及络合作用;并且具有多种激素、酶和各种微量元素,从而在生物活性上具有多样性,能有效地调节和预防高原反应引起的全身性不良反应。
所述黄腐酸钠的制备方法为:将黄腐酸粗品加入其质量3-5倍的去离子水中常温溶解后离心分离,取上清液置入透析装置中进行透析得到透析液A,用碱性物质调节透析液A的pH值为9-10,在85-95℃条件下搅拌反应20-30分钟,然后浓缩至体积为原透析液A体积的三分之一后再次离心分离,取上清液再次进行透析,最后将所得透析液浓缩后、干燥后得到黄腐酸盐。
所述透析装置的截留分子量为500-1000道尔顿,其中碱性物质为质量百分比浓度为10-15%的食用级的氢氧化钠。
本发明所述黄腐酸为药用级黄腐酸或者参照专利申请200810233669.X“褐煤氧化降解生产腐植酸及其盐的方法”中方法制得的黄腐酸(用无污染的过氧化氢作为氧化剂,并经过纯化,制得黄腐酸),市购的精制黄腐酸经重金属检测不超标后,也可以使用。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)三七、丹参、山楂配伍,有效缓解高原反应引起的头痛、心慌、气促、头晕、目眩以及心率加快、血压异常、四肢水肿等症状,以及能够预防治疗心血管疾病,冠心病、高血压,预防高原性心脏病、高原低血压、高原昏迷。且未出现不良反应,诸如持续兴奋。
(2)山楂与柠檬配伍使用,能够有效的改善黄腐酸口服液的口感,补充热能和水分,更能生津止渴,纠正碱中毒,有助于抑制恶心、呕吐,酸甜口感缓解高原反应引起的口干、食欲不振等症状;相对于目前市场用药,能够较为直接和快速的缓解恶心、呕吐、够干等症状。
(3)黄腐酸钠与山楂配伍使用,保护胃黏膜的同时又能够增加食欲、促进吸收,保证充足的睡眠,提高抗疲劳的能力,避免出现倦怠、乏力之感;且能增加细胞渗透能力和缓冲能力,维持体液酸碱平衡。
(4)黄腐酸钠与蚕沙配伍,祛风除湿,和胃除浊;治疗肢体不遂,风疹瘙痒,吐泻转筋。
(5)黄腐酸钠、三七、丹参、蚕沙、山楂、柠檬等配伍使用,具有多向调节功能,相辅相成、相得益彰,提高血流量,扩张心脑血管,提高红细胞载氧能力,改善各器官的缺氧状况,有效的增加抗缺氧能力,防治急、慢性高原反应;长期使用,安全,无毒副作用。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明,但本发明保护范围不局限于所述内容。
实施例1
本实施例所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液,由以下原料制备得到:药用级黄腐酸钠50g;三七100g;丹参100g;蚕沙250g;山楂100g;柠檬100g;冰糖150g;其中,三七、丹参、山楂按重量份数1:1:1添加。
本实施例所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)取100g三七、100g丹参粉碎,加入600g 乙醇(质量百分比为70%)浸泡过夜,回流提取4h,过滤得药液,滤渣中再加入400g 乙醇(质量百分比为70%),回流提取2h,过滤得药液,合并两次所得药液,将药液浓缩得浸膏,挥干酒精,备用。
(2)取100g山楂与100g柠檬,加600g纯水,于微沸煮3h,过滤得滤液,滤渣再加400g纯水微沸煮2h,过滤得滤液,合并两次滤液。
(3)取蚕沙250g,加500g纯水,纱布包煎4h,将药液浓缩至原体积1/10,备用。
(4)将黄腐酸钠50g,三七和丹参浸膏,蚕沙浓汁,山楂、柠檬滤液以及冰糖150g充分混合,60℃浓缩至原体积的1/3,板框压滤,再于无菌条件灌装轧盖,低温保存。
所述黄腐酸钠的制备方法为:将黄腐酸粗品加入其质量4倍的去离子水中常温溶解后离心分离,取上清液置入透析装置中进行透析得到透析液A,用碱性物质调节透析液A的pH值为10,在90℃条件下搅拌反应25分钟,然后浓缩至体积为原透析液A体积的三分之一后再次离心分离,取上清液再次进行透析,最后将所得透析液浓缩后、干燥后得到黄腐酸盐;所述透析装置的截留分子量为1000道尔顿,其中碱性物质为质量百分比浓度为15%的食用级的氢氧化钠。
使用说明,10ml一支,每天一支。
实施例2
本实施例所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液,由以下原料制备得到:药用级黄腐酸钠100g;三七125g;丹参125g;蚕沙200g;山楂125g;柠檬150g;冰糖130g;其中,三七、丹参、山楂按重量份数1:1:1添加。
本实施例所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)取125g三七、125g丹参粉碎,加入750g 乙醇(质量百分比为70%)浸泡过夜,回流提取3.5h,过滤得药液,滤渣中再加入500g 乙醇(质量百分比为70%),回流提取2.5h,过滤得药液,合并两次所得药液,将药液浓缩得浸膏,挥干酒精,备用。
(2)取125g山楂与150g柠檬,加825g纯水,于微沸煮3.5h,过滤得滤液,滤渣再加550g纯水微沸煮2.5h,过滤得滤液,合并两次滤液。
(3)取蚕沙200g,加400g纯水,纱布包煎4h,将药液浓缩至原体积1/10,备用。
(4)将黄腐酸钠100g,三七和丹参浸膏,蚕沙浓汁,山楂、柠檬滤液以及冰糖130g充分混合, 70℃浓缩至原体积的1/3,板框压滤,再于无菌条件灌装轧盖,低温保存。
所述黄腐酸钠的制备方法为:将黄腐酸粗品加入其质量5倍的去离子水中常温溶解后离心分离,取上清液置入透析装置中进行透析得到透析液A,用碱性物质调节透析液A的pH值为10,在95℃条件下搅拌反应30分钟,然后浓缩至体积为原透析液A体积的三分之一后再次离心分离,取上清液再次进行透析,最后将所得透析液浓缩后、干燥后得到黄腐酸盐;所述透析装置的截留分子量为800道尔顿,其中碱性物质为质量百分比浓度为13%的食用级的氢氧化钠。
使用说明,10ml一支,每天一支。
实施例3
本实施例所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液,由以下原料制备得到:药用级黄腐酸钠80g;三七150g;丹参150g;蚕沙220g;山楂150g;柠檬150g;冰糖100g;其中,三七、丹参、山楂按重量份数1:1:1添加。
本实施例所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)取150g三七、150g丹参粉碎,加入900g 乙醇(质量百分比为70%)浸泡过夜,回流提取4.5h,过滤得药液,滤渣中再加入600g 乙醇(质量百分比为70%),回流提取1.5h,过滤得药液,合并两次所得药液,将药液浓缩得浸膏,挥干酒精,备用。
(2)取150g山楂与150g柠檬,加900g纯水,于微沸煮2.5h,过滤得滤液,滤渣再加600g纯水微沸煮2.5h,过滤得滤液,合并两次滤液。
(3)取蚕沙250g,加500g纯水,纱布包煎3.5h,将药液浓缩至原体积1/10,备用。
(4)将黄腐酸钠80g,三七和丹参浸膏,蚕沙浓汁,山楂、柠檬滤液以及冰糖100g充分混合,65℃浓缩至原体积的1/3,板框压滤,再于无菌条件灌装轧盖,低温保存。
所述黄腐酸钠的制备方法为:将黄腐酸粗品加入其质量3倍的去离子水中常温溶解后离心分离,取上清液置入透析装置中进行透析得到透析液A,用碱性物质调节透析液A的pH值为9,在85℃条件下搅拌反应20分钟,然后浓缩至体积为原透析液A体积的三分之一后再次离心分离,取上清液再次进行透析,最后将所得透析液浓缩后、干燥后得到黄腐酸盐;所述透析装置的截留分子量为500道尔顿,其中碱性物质为质量百分比浓度为10%的食用级的氢氧化钠。
使用说明,10ml一支,每天一支。
本发明实施例的药效试验:
耐缺氧试验
试验材料:50只KM雄性健康小鼠,体重0.020±0.002kg,50支250ml广口瓶,钠石灰,凡士林。
分组:分五组,每组10只,模型组、实施例1组、实施例2组、实施例3组、对照组。
试验步骤:①均匀分组后,模型组每天灌胃一次10ml生理盐水,实施例1、2、3组分别按照上述实施例,灌胃10ml,对照组每天喂食是常用药—红景天胶囊。连续7天喂药,末次喂药2h后造模。
每支250ml广口瓶里装5g钠石灰,放一只小鼠,瓶口均匀涂抹凡士林,盖盖,密封,及时计时直至小鼠停止明显呼吸,记时t。
试验结果:记录时间t,最终按平均时间±标准差(M±S)计算差异是否有统计学意义(P<0.05,或P<0.01)。
表1 本发明黄腐酸口服液对正常小鼠减压缺氧的影响
(M±S,n=10)
注:与模型组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01
缓解呕吐试验
试验材料:30只家鸽,体重为0.47±0.02kg,顺铂。
试验步骤:①均匀分成六组,每组5只,模型组,实施例1、2、3组,对照组,治疗组。
②模型组和治疗组,每天灌胃10ml生理盐水,连续7天,末次给药2h后造模;实施例1、2、3组分别按上述实施例1、2、3所得药物每天灌胃10ml,连续7天,末次给药后2h造模;对照组喂食市场常用抗高反药物,10ml,连续7天,末次给药2h后造模。③造模,按腹腔注射4.5mg/kg顺铂,随后观察呕吐现象,并半小时后给治疗灌胃上述实施例3所得口服液10ml,再观察现象。
试验结果:
表二 本发明黄腐酸口服液对正常家鸽呕吐的影响
注:***呕吐剧烈,**呕吐较剧烈,*轻微作呕
由表一可知,本发明所述黄腐酸口服液能够明显的延长小鼠在有限氧气条件下的存活时间,效果比较明显,部分实验组甚至比市场用药更有效。且实施例3是最佳实施方案。由表二可知,本发明所述黄腐酸口服液能显著的遏制家鸽的呕吐。因此,本发明所述黄腐酸口服液能够有效的提高机体抗缺氧能力以及缓解呕吐现象。且给大鼠或家鸽连续喂食本发明期间,并没有出现持续兴奋等不良反应,而使用市场用药组,几只出现持续兴奋的症状。
临床试验:
将本发明用于123例,在高原出现恶心、呕吐的患者,78例男性,45例女性。其年龄在16-50岁。当出现恶心、呕吐时,服用本发明,2h后见好转。其中98例效果显著,19例效果不显著,6名没有效果。因此,本发明对于缓解高原反应引起的恶心、呕吐的有效率为89%。
Claims (4)
1.一种抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液,其主要特征,由以下原料制备得到:药用级黄腐酸钠5-10重量份;三七10-15重量份;丹参10-15重量份;蚕沙20-25重量份;山楂10-15重量份;柠檬10-15重量份;冰糖10-15重量份;其中,三七、丹参、山楂按重量份数1:1:1添加。
2.权利要求1所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)取三七、丹参,粉碎、混匀,加三七、丹参总量的2-3倍量70%乙醇浸泡过夜,回流提取3.5~4.5h,过滤后得药液;滤渣再加入总量的2-3倍量70%乙醇,回流提取2.5~3.5h,过滤得药液,合并两次所得药液,将药液浓缩得浸膏,挥干酒精,备用;
(2)取山楂、柠檬,加入山楂、柠檬总量2-3倍量纯水,于微沸煮3.5~4.5h,过滤得滤液,滤渣再加两者总量的2-3倍量纯水微沸煮1.5~2.5h,过滤得滤液,合并两次滤液;
(3)取蚕沙20-25重量份,加2-3倍量纯水,纱布包煎3.5~4.5h,将药液浓缩至原体积1/10,备用;
(4)将黄腐酸钠,三七和丹参浸膏,蚕沙浓汁,山楂、柠檬滤液以及冰糖充分混合,60-70℃浓缩至原体积的1/3,板框压滤,于无菌条件灌装轧盖得到黄腐酸口服液。
3.根据权利要求2所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液的制备方法,其特征在于:所述黄腐酸钠的制备方法为:将黄腐酸粗品加入其质量3-5倍的去离子水中常温溶解后离心分离,取上清液置入透析装置中进行透析得到透析液A,用碱性物质调节透析液A的pH值为9-10,在85-95℃条件下搅拌反应20-30分钟,然后浓缩至体积为原透析液A体积的三分之一后再次离心分离,取上清液再次进行透析,最后将所得透析液浓缩后、干燥后得到黄腐酸盐。
4.根据权利要求3所述抗高原反应的黄腐酸口服液的制备方法,其特征在于:所述透析装置的截留分子量为500-1000道尔顿,其中碱性物质为质量百分比浓度为10-15%的食用级的氢氧化钠。
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