CN105818663A - 用于电动车辆的电池组盖 - Google Patents

用于电动车辆的电池组盖 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105818663A
CN105818663A CN201610037514.3A CN201610037514A CN105818663A CN 105818663 A CN105818663 A CN 105818663A CN 201610037514 A CN201610037514 A CN 201610037514A CN 105818663 A CN105818663 A CN 105818663A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery pack
metal level
layer
electric vehicle
vehicle
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Pending
Application number
CN201610037514.3A
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English (en)
Inventor
白亨珉
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication of CN105818663A publication Critical patent/CN105818663A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
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Abstract

一种示例性电池组盖包括聚合物层和被接地至电动车辆的底盘的金属层。一种示例性方法包括利用被接地至电动车辆的底盘的多层盖而使电池组的电池单元屏蔽电磁干扰和热能。

Description

用于电动车辆的电池组盖
技术领域
本发明针对保护电动车辆的电池组并且，更具体地，针对一种屏蔽电磁干扰和热能的盖。
背景技术
通常，电动车辆区别于传统的机动车辆，因为电动车辆选择性地使用一个或多个电池供电的电机进行驱动。相比之下，传统的机动车辆只依赖于内燃发动机来驱动车辆。电机可以替代内燃发动机驱动电动车辆，或者除内燃发动机之外还使用电机驱动车辆。示例的电动车辆包括全电动车辆、混合动力电动车辆(HEV)、插电式混合动力电动车辆(PHEV)、燃料电池车辆、和纯电动车辆(BEV)。
电动车辆的动力传动系统典型地包括具有电池单元的电池组，电池单元存储用于电机的电力。电池组可能遭受电磁干扰和热能。可提供电磁和热屏蔽的材料可能是昂贵的。
发明内容
根据本发明的示例方面的电池组盖，除了别的之外包括聚合物层和被接地至电动车辆的底盘的金属层。
在前述电池组盖的进一步非限制性实施例中，金属层是箔层。
在任一前述电池组盖的进一步非限制性实施例中，金属层包含铝。
在任一前述电池组盖的进一步非限制性实施例中，聚合物层与金属层是共同延伸的。
在任一前述电池组盖的进一步非限制性实施例中，电池组盖包括将聚合物层和金属层固定至电池组托盘的机械紧固件。金属层通过机械紧固件被接地至底盘。
在任一前述电池组盖的进一步非限制性实施例中，电池组托盘是金属制的。
在任一前述电池组盖的进一步非限制性实施例中，金属层相对于聚合物层是外层。
在任一前述电池组盖的进一步非限制性实施例中，金属层是三至四毫米厚。
根据本发明的另一示例方面的总成，除了别的之外包括容纳在盖和托盘中的至少一个电池阵列。盖包括被接地至电动车辆的底盘的金属层。
在前述总成的进一步非限制性实施例中，盖通过附接至底盘的紧固件而被接地至底盘。
在任一前述总成的进一步非限制性实施例中，总成进一步包含驱动电动车辆的车轮的马达。电池阵列为马达供电。
在任一前述总成的进一步非限制性实施例中，盖进一步包含聚合物层。
在任一前述总成的进一步非限制性实施例中，聚合物层与金属层是共同延伸的。
在任一前述总成的进一步非限制性实施例中，聚合物层是聚丙烯。
在任一前述总成的进一步非限制性实施例中，金属层相对于聚合物层是外层。
根据本发明的又一示例方面的方法，除了别的之外包括利用被接地至电动车辆的底盘的多层盖而使电池组的电池单元屏蔽电磁干扰和热能。
在前述方法的进一步非限制性实施例中，铝箔层提供屏蔽。
在任一前述方法的进一步非限制性实施例中，方法进一步包含将金属层粘附至单独的聚合物层以提供多层盖。
在任一前述方法的进一步非限制性实施例中，金属层与聚合物层是共同延伸的。
在任一前述方法的进一步非限制性实施例中，当在模具中注塑成型聚合物层时，金属层在模具中。
前述段落、权利要求、或以下说明书和附图中的实施例、示例和可选方案——包括它们的任意各个方面或各自的单个特征——可被单独地或以任何组合采用。与一个实施例结合所描述的特征适用于所有实施例，除非这样的特征是矛盾的。
附图说明
通过具体实施方式，所公开的示例的各个特征和优点对于本领域技术人员来说将变得显而易见。伴随具体实施方式的附图可被简述如下：
图1表示电动车辆的示例动力传动系统的示意图；
图2表示包含了图1的动力传动系统的示例车辆的示意图；
图3表示图1动力传动系统的电池组的透视图；
图4表示图3的电池组的盖的面向外一侧的透视图；
图5表示图3的盖的面向内一侧的透视图；
图6表示图3的电池组的壳体的剖视图。
具体实施方式
本发明大体上涉及电磁干扰和热能屏蔽。屏蔽通过电池组的盖来实现。盖具有多个层并且是相对廉价的。
图1示例性举例说明了混合动力电动车辆(HEV)的动力传动系统10。动力传动系统10包括电池组16、马达22、发电机18、和内燃发动机14。电池组16包括多个电池单元的阵列24。
马达22和发电机18是各种类型的电机。马达22和发电机18可以是分开的或者可以具有组合式马达-发电机的形式。
在该实施例中，动力传动系统10是动力分配动力传动系统，其使用第一驱动系统和第二驱动系统。第一和第二驱动系统生成扭矩以驱动电动车辆的一组或多组车辆驱动28。第一驱动系统包括发动机14和发电机18的组合。第二驱动系统至少包括马达22、发电机18、和电池组16。马达22和发电机18是动力传动系统10的电力驱动系统的部分。
在该示例中是内燃发动机的发动机14以及发电机18可以通过例如行星齿轮组这样的动力传输单元30连接。当然，其它类型的动力传输单元——包括其它齿轮组和传动装置——可用于将发动机14连接至发电机18。在一个非限制性的实施例中，动力传输单元30是行星齿轮组，其包括环形齿轮32、中心齿轮34、和托架总成36。
发电机18可以由发动机14通过动力传输单元30驱动，以将动能转换成电能。发电机18可选择性地起马达的作用，以将电能转换成动能，从而输出扭矩至连接至动力传输单元30的轴38。
动力传输单元30的环形齿轮32可被连接至轴40，该轴40通过第二动力传输单元44被连接至车辆驱动轮28。第二动力传输单元44可包括具有多个齿轮46的齿轮组。其它的动力传输单元也可能是适合的。齿轮46将来自于发动机14的扭矩传递至差速器48，以最终提供牵引力至车辆驱动轮28。差速器48可包括允许扭矩传递至车辆驱动轮28的多个齿轮。在该示例中，第二动力传输单元44通过差速器48被机械地连接至轮轴50，以将扭矩分配至车辆驱动轮28。
马达22也可通过输出扭矩至也与第二动力传输单元44连接的轴52而用于驱动车辆驱动轮28。在一个实施例中，马达22和发电机18配合作为再生制动系统的一部分，在再生制动系统中，马达22和发电机18可用作马达以输出扭矩。例如，马达22和发电机18可以每个都输出电力至电池组16。
现参照图2至4并继续参照图1，动力传动系统10被用在车辆54中。动力传动系统10的电池组16被固定至车辆54的乘客舱外面的车辆54的下侧。在另一示例中，电池组16被固定至车辆54的另一区域，例如，乘客舱内。
电池组16可被固定至车辆54的邻近热源的位置，例如，排气管58。来自于热源的热能可能损坏电池组16中的电池单元。在一些示例中，热源可使邻近电池组16的温度增加至高达90摄氏度。
电池组16包括壳体总成60，该壳体总成60阻止热能进入电池组16和电池单元。壳体总成60还阻止电磁干扰。壳体总成60具有盖64和托盘68。
机械紧固件72将盖64固定至托盘68。带76可以沿着壳体总成60并且尤其抵靠托盘68延伸，以将电池组16保持至车辆54。带76可被直接用螺栓固定至车辆的底盘80。
机械紧固件72通过托盘68的相应的凸缘中的孔延伸穿过盖64的凸缘82中的孔。
通常，底盘80是车辆54的车架。底盘80可被支撑在弹簧上并且可附接至轮轴50。底盘80是典型的金属材料并且被用于支撑车轮54的其它部件，例如，发动机14、马达22和动力传动系统10的剩余部分以及车辆的车身的其它部分。
盖64包括多个层。示例的盖64包括至少第一层84和第二层88。盖64通过第一层84被接地至车辆54的底盘80。在其它示例中，第二层88，或第一层84和第二层88的一些组合，被用于使盖64接地至底盘80。
在该示例中，接地通路通过机械紧固件72从盖64的第一层84延伸至托盘68通过带76至底盘80。第一层84、机械紧固件72、盘68、和带76都包括能够提供接地通路的一部分的金属材料。盖64可直接通过附接至底盘80的机械紧固件72被接地至底盘80。
电池组16的接地提供了电力源的低电阻路径，低电阻路径在意外接触时对人不会造成危险，并且也提供接地点，以致电池组16的内部模块不易受来自于电池组16外部的电磁干扰的影响，并且反之亦然。
在该示例中，托盘68完全由金属材料组成，其提供有效的热能和电磁干扰屏蔽。在车辆54运行期间，金属材料对接触托盘68的道路碎石——例如，岩石——是有回弹性的。
参照图5和6并继续参照图1至4，盖64提供热能和电磁干扰屏蔽，但其不完全是金属制的。
第一层84是金属材料，例如，铝箔。在其它示例中，第一层84可比典型的箔厚，例如，第一层84是3至4毫米。
第二层88，与第一层84相反，是聚合物材料，例如，聚丙烯。在另一示例中，第二层是聚乙烯。聚合物层可被填充有加固材料以除了别的之外增强盖64的刚性。
盖64的第一层84相对于第二层88是外层。在另一示例中，第二层88相对于第一层84是外层。第一层84和第二层88是共同延伸的。第一层84与第二层88是分开的且不同的。
第一层84被直接固定至第二层88。为了制造盖64，第二层88可在包含提供第一层84的预形成的铝片的模具中被注塑成型。第二层88可以是聚合物材料的软化片，其被沉降至模具中而不是被注塑至模具中。在另一示例中，将第一层84与第二层88接合的过程可以是热成型过程。
在其它示例中，可形成第二层88，并且之后将第一层84施加至第二层88的面向外的表面。该施加可用手进行。当第一层84是铝箔时，用手施加可能是合适的。
紧固件72延伸穿过第一层84和第二层88并且可被固定至底盘80。紧固件72可辅助相对于第二层88固定第一层84。
在车辆54中，第一层84使电池组16屏蔽电池组16外面的热能。因为第一层84提供屏蔽热能，第二层88可由不太耐热能的材料制成。通常，这些材料，例如，聚丙烯，可能比其它更耐热的材料便宜。
在一些示例中，被铝箔的第一层84覆盖的由聚丙烯制成第二层88的组合可提供类似于如果盖64由更耐热的塑料——例如，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚苯醚——制成的情况的耐热能。
第一层84屏蔽除了热能之外的电磁干扰。来源于车辆54的控制器的电磁干扰例如可干扰电池组16的运行。相应地，来源于电池组16中的控制模块的电磁干扰可干扰电池组16外面的车辆54的控制器。
因为第一层84除了别的之外的在盖64的整个表面区域上方产生电气连接的能力，第一层84提供对电磁干扰的有效屏蔽。提供从层84通过机械紧固件72至车辆的底盘80的接地通路有助于产生遍及盖的整个表面的电气连接。
公开的示例的特征包括提供热屏蔽和电磁干扰屏蔽的多层盖。盖可通过相对少的制造步骤而被成型成相对复杂的几何形状。利用多层盖而不是例如全金属的盖，可减少电池组的整体重量和成本。
制造盖可包括使金属层的驱动成形——例如注塑成型或热成型——压至塑料盖中。这些附接的方法在盖的层之间提供良好的粘附而在层之间没有留下或留下相对少的间隙，该方法可减少与电池组关的噪声、振动和粗糙性(NVH)问题。第一层84和第二层88也可通过插销和卡扣接头机械地彼此附接。
前述说明书实际上是示例性的而非限制性的。所公开的示例的变化和改进对于本领域技术人员来说可变得显而易见而不必背离本发明的本质。因此，给定本发明的法律保护的范围可仅通过研究以下权利要求确定。

Claims (8)

1.一种电池组盖，包含：
聚合物层；和
被接地至电动车辆的底盘的金属层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池组盖，其中，所述金属层是箔层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池组盖，其中，所述金属层包含铝。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电池组盖，其中，所述聚合物层与所述金属层是共同延伸的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电池组盖，包括将所述聚合物层和所述金属层固定至电池组托盘的机械紧固件，所述金属层通过所述机械紧固件被接地至所述底盘。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电池组盖，其中，所述电池组托盘是金属制的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电池组盖，其中，所述金属层相对于所述聚合物层是外层。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池组盖，其中，所述金属层是三至四毫米厚。
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