CN105818494B - 一种钢化玻璃及其制造工艺 - Google Patents

一种钢化玻璃及其制造工艺 Download PDF

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CN105818494B
CN105818494B CN201610173573.3A CN201610173573A CN105818494B CN 105818494 B CN105818494 B CN 105818494B CN 201610173573 A CN201610173573 A CN 201610173573A CN 105818494 B CN105818494 B CN 105818494B
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safety glass
glass
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explosion
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CN105818494A (zh
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李锦亮
李明飞
万永宁
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Dongguan Yintaifeng Optical Technology Co Ltd
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DONGGUAN CITY YINTONG GLASS Co Ltd
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    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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    • C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium

Abstract

本发明属于材料技术领域，具体公开一种钢化玻璃及其制造工艺，包括钢化玻璃基材和防爆层，所述钢化玻璃基材包含以下原料，由重量份数计：二氧化硅20‑60份、石灰石10‑15份、硼砂3‑5份、碳酸钙5‑8份、长石10‑16份、铝矾土3‑8份、硅酸钙5‑13份、氧化钠2‑5份、氧化锂2‑4份、氧化铋4‑8份、三氧化二铝7‑9份、聚乙二醇酯1.5‑2.5份、五水硫酸铜3‑7份、高锰酸钾5‑11份、氢氧化钠3‑6份、澄清剂2‑6份；所述防爆层按重量份数计由以下成分组成：聚乙烯醇15‑30份、丁醛30‑60份、盐酸15‑30份、增塑剂8‑12份、添加剂6‑9份。本发明在两层钢化玻璃间增设了PVB中间膜，对无机玻璃有很好的粘结力，能有效减小钢化玻璃自爆的可能，本发明制得的钢化玻璃性能远超常规钢化玻璃。

Description

一种钢化玻璃及其制造工艺
技术领域
本发明属于材料技术领域，具体地说是涉及一种钢化玻璃及其制造工艺。
背景技术
钢化玻璃属于安全玻璃。与普通玻璃相比，钢化玻璃具有更高的安全性、热稳定性和更高的强度。随着钢化玻璃技术的推广和普及，钢化玻璃在汽车、建筑、航空、电子等领域得到广泛地应用。钢化玻璃强度虽然比普通玻璃强，但钢化玻璃由于成分不稳定，随着使用时间的增长，有自爆(自己破裂)的可能性。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种钢化玻璃及其制造工艺。以达到减少钢化玻璃自爆的目的。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采取的技术方案为：
一种钢化玻璃，包括钢化玻璃基材和防爆层，所述钢化玻璃基材包含以下原料，由重量份数计：二氧化硅20-60份、石灰石10-15份、硼砂3-5份、碳酸钙5-8份、长石10-16份、铝矾土3-8份、硅酸钙5-13份、氧化钠2-5份、氧化锂2-4份、氧化铋4-8份、三氧化二铝7-9份、聚乙二醇酯1.5-2.5份、五水硫酸铜3-7份、高锰酸钾5-11份、氢氧化钠3-6份、澄清剂2-6份；所述防爆层按重量份数计由以下成分组成：聚乙烯醇15-30份、丁醛30-60份、盐酸15-30份、增塑剂8-12份、添加剂6-9份。
优选地，在本发明的较佳实施例中，所述钢化玻璃基材为两层，所述防爆层夹在所述钢化玻璃基材中间。
优选地，在本发明的较佳实施例中，所述防爆层为PVB中间膜。
优选地，在本发明的较佳实施例中，所述添加剂包含抗氧化、紫外线吸收剂，粘接力调节剂。
一种钢化玻璃的制造工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备玻璃基材
按重量比将所述二氧化硅、所述石灰石、所述硼砂、所述碳酸钙、所述长石、所述铝矾土、所述硅酸钙加入研磨机中研磨20-30min成粉末，将所述粉末、所述氧化钠、所述氧化锂、所述氧化铋、所述三氧化二铝、所述聚乙二醇酯、所述五水硫酸铜、所述高锰酸钾、所述氢氧化钠、所述澄清剂按比例加入窑池内，1300-1600℃熔化成玻璃液，将所述玻璃液流入液体池中，成型后，缓慢降温至520-560℃，保温10-12min,自然冷却；
(2)钢化处理
a.将所述玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洗，b.将a中预处理好的所述玻璃基材水平放于辊道上，通过所述辊道送入对流钢化炉中进行加热处理，c.升温至600-800℃，保持200-360s,d.将升温处理后的所述玻璃基材经所述辊道输送至风栅中，用风压为10-16KPa的冷空气进行冷却22-28s至所述玻璃基材表面为200-220℃，然后用水冷至15-30℃，即可得到所述钢化玻璃基材；
(3)制备PVB中间膜
在反应釜中按配比加入所述聚乙烯醇、所述丁醛和所述盐酸，在40-60r/min下搅拌20-25min，加入所述增塑剂、所述添加剂继续搅拌5-10min,经延压制得PVB中间膜；
(4)制备钢化玻璃成品
将所述钢化玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洁、干燥后，把所述PVB中间膜放在两层清洁后的所述钢化玻璃基材中间，经辊道输入平压机预热200-240s,降温150-180s,再放入高压釜里经30-40MPa高压压制，得成品。
优选地，在本发明的较佳实施例中，所述液体池内液体为熔融金属液体，所述金属为锡。
优选地，在本发明的较佳实施例中，所述PVB中间膜厚度为0.375-0.385mm。
优选地，在本发明的较佳实施例中，在所述平压机内预热温度为650-750℃。
本发明的有益效果：本发明在两层钢化玻璃间增设了PVB中间膜，PVB中间膜对无机玻璃有很好的粘结力，能有效减小钢化玻璃自爆的可能；由于抗氧化、紫外线吸收剂等添加剂的加入，使本发明制得的钢化玻璃具有一定的防紫外线能力；采用浮法工艺制得的玻璃表面平整、光洁，应力分布均匀，明显降低自爆率。本发明制得的钢化玻璃性能远超常规钢化玻璃。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明所述技术方案作进一步的说明。
实施例1：
本发明的实施例1提供了一种钢化玻璃，包括钢化玻璃基材和防爆层，钢化玻璃基材包含以下原料，由重量份数计：二氧化硅20份、石灰石10份、硼砂3份、碳酸钙5份、长石10份、铝矾土3份、硅酸钙5份、氧化钠2份、氧化锂2份、氧化铋4份、三氧化二铝7份、聚乙二醇酯1.5份、五水硫酸铜3份、高锰酸钾5份、氢氧化钠3份、澄清剂2份；防爆层按重量份数计由以下成分组成：聚乙烯醇15份、丁醛30份、盐酸15份、增塑剂8份、添加剂6份。
钢化玻璃基材为两层，所述防爆层夹在所述钢化玻璃基材中间。
防爆层为PVB中间膜，对玻璃基材具有很好的粘接性能。
添加剂包含抗氧化、紫外线吸收剂，粘接力调节剂，增强了PVB中间膜的粘接性能，减少钢化玻璃自爆可能。
一种钢化玻璃的制造工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备玻璃基材
按重量比将二氧化硅、石灰石、硼砂、碳酸钙、长石、铝矾土、硅酸钙加入研磨机中研磨20min成粉末，将粉末、氧化钠、氧化锂、氧化铋、三氧化二铝、聚乙二醇酯、五水硫酸铜、高锰酸钾、氢氧化钠、澄清剂按比例加入窑池内，1300℃熔化成玻璃液，将玻璃液流入液体池中，成型后，缓慢降温至520℃，保温10min,自然冷却；
(2)钢化处理
a.将玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洗，b.将a中预处理好的玻璃基材水平放于辊道上，通过辊道送入对流钢化炉中进行加热处理，c.升温至600℃，保持200s,d.将升温处理后的玻璃基材经辊道输送至风栅中，用风压为10KPa的冷空气进行冷却22s至玻璃基材表面为200℃，然后用水冷至15℃，即可得到钢化玻璃基材；
(3)制备PVB中间膜
在反应釜中按配比加入聚乙烯醇、丁醛和盐酸，在40r/min下搅拌20min，加入增塑剂、添加剂继续搅拌5min,经延压制得PVB中间膜；
(4)制备钢化玻璃成品
将钢化玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洁、干燥后，把PVB中间膜放在两层清洁后的钢化玻璃基材中间，经辊道输入平压机预热200s,降温150s,再放入高压釜里经30MPa高压压制，得成品。
液体池内液体为熔融金属液体，金属为锡，此工艺制得的玻璃表面平整，应力分布均匀，明显降低自爆率。
PVB中间膜厚度为0.375mm。
平压机内预热温度为650℃。
实施例2：
本发明的实施例2提供了一种钢化玻璃，包括钢化玻璃基材和防爆层，钢化玻璃基材包含以下原料，由重量份数计：二氧化硅60份、石灰石15份、硼砂5份、碳酸钙8份、长石16份、铝矾土8份、硅酸钙13份、氧化钠5份、氧化锂4份、氧化铋8份、三氧化二铝9份、聚乙二醇酯2.5份、五水硫酸铜7份、高锰酸钾11份、氢氧化钠6份、澄清剂6份；防爆层按重量份数计由以下成分组成：聚乙烯醇30份、丁醛60份、盐酸30份、增塑剂12份、添加剂9份。
钢化玻璃基材为两层，所述防爆层夹在所述钢化玻璃基材中间。
防爆层为PVB中间膜，对玻璃基材具有很好的粘接性能。
添加剂包含抗氧化、紫外线吸收剂，粘接力调节剂，增强了PVB中间膜的粘接性能，减少钢化玻璃自爆可能。
一种钢化玻璃的制造工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备玻璃基材
按重量比将二氧化硅、石灰石、硼砂、碳酸钙、长石、铝矾土、硅酸钙加入研磨机中研磨30min成粉末，将粉末、氧化钠、氧化锂、氧化铋、三氧化二铝、聚乙二醇酯、五水硫酸铜、高锰酸钾、氢氧化钠、澄清剂按比例加入窑池内，1600℃熔化成玻璃液，将玻璃液流入液体池中，成型后，缓慢降温至560℃，保温12min,自然冷却；
(2)钢化处理
a.将玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洗，b.将a中预处理好的玻璃基材水平放于辊道上，通过辊道送入对流钢化炉中进行加热处理，c.升温至800℃，保持360s,d.将升温处理后的玻璃基材经辊道输送至风栅中，用风压为16KPa的冷空气进行冷却28s至玻璃基材表面为220℃，然后用水冷至30℃，即可得到钢化玻璃基材；
(3)制备PVB中间膜
在反应釜中按配比加入聚乙烯醇、丁醛和盐酸，在60r/min下搅拌25min，加入增塑剂、添加剂继续搅拌10min,经延压制得PVB中间膜；
(4)制备钢化玻璃成品
将钢化玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洁、干燥后，把PVB中间膜放在两层清洁后的钢化玻璃基材中间，经辊道输入平压机预热240s,降温180s,再放入高压釜里经40MPa高压压制，得成品。
液体池内液体为熔融金属液体，金属为锡，此工艺制得的玻璃表面平整，应力分布均匀，明显降低自爆率。
PVB中间膜厚度为0.385mm。
平压机内预热温度为750℃。
实施例3：
本发明的实施例3提供了一种钢化玻璃，包括钢化玻璃基材和防爆层，钢化玻璃基材包含以下原料，由重量份数计：二氧化硅40份、石灰石12份、硼砂4份、碳酸钙6.5份、长石13份、铝矾土5.5份、硅酸钙9份、氧化钠2.5份、氧化锂3份、氧化铋6份、三氧化二铝8份、聚乙二醇酯2份、五水硫酸铜5份、高锰酸钾8份、氢氧化钠4.5份、澄清剂4份；防爆层按重量份数计由以下成分组成：聚乙烯醇22份、丁醛45份、盐酸22份、增塑剂10份、添加剂7份。
钢化玻璃基材为两层，所述防爆层夹在所述钢化玻璃基材中间。
防爆层为PVB中间膜，对玻璃基材具有很好的粘接性能。
添加剂包含抗氧化、紫外线吸收剂，粘接力调节剂，增强了PVB中间膜的粘接性能，减少钢化玻璃自爆可能。
一种钢化玻璃的制造工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备玻璃基材
按重量比将二氧化硅、石灰石、硼砂、碳酸钙、长石、铝矾土、硅酸钙加入研磨机中研磨25min成粉末，将粉末、氧化钠、氧化锂、氧化铋、三氧化二铝、聚乙二醇酯、五水硫酸铜、高锰酸钾、氢氧化钠、澄清剂按比例加入窑池内，1450℃熔化成玻璃液，将玻璃液流入液体池中，成型后，缓慢降温至540℃，保温10min,自然冷却；
(2)钢化处理
a.将玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洗，b.将a中预处理好的玻璃基材水平放于辊道上，通过辊道送入对流钢化炉中进行加热处理，c.升温至700℃，保持280s,d.将升温处理后的玻璃基材经辊道输送至风栅中，用风压为13KPa的冷空气进行冷却25s至玻璃基材表面为210℃，然后用水冷至22℃，即可得到钢化玻璃基材；
(3)制备PVB中间膜
在反应釜中按配比加入聚乙烯醇、丁醛和盐酸，在50r/min下搅拌22min，加入增塑剂、添加剂继续搅拌7min,经延压制得PVB中间膜；
(4)制备钢化玻璃成品
将钢化玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洁、干燥后，把PVB中间膜放在两层清洁后的钢化玻璃基材中间，经辊道输入平压机预热220s,降温165s,再放入高压釜里经35MPa高压压制，得成品。
液体池内液体为熔融金属液体，金属为锡，此工艺制得的玻璃表面平整，应力分布均匀，明显降低自爆率。
PVB中间膜厚度为0.38mm。
平压机内预热温度为700℃。
对实施例1-3的最终制品进行了表面应力测试和走胶贴合测试，发现实施例3所制得的钢化玻璃表面应力最强、表面最平整。实施例1-3所得的钢化玻璃性能测试结果如下：
实施例 表面应力(MPa) 气泡数
实施例1 93 2
实施例2 92 3
实施例3 95 0

Claims (5)

1.一种钢化玻璃，其特征在于，包括钢化玻璃基材和防爆层，所述钢化玻璃基材包含以下原料，由重量份数计：二氧化硅20-60份、石灰石10-15份、硼砂3-5份、碳酸钙5-8份、长石10-16份、铝矾土3-8份、硅酸钙5-13份、氧化钠2-5份、氧化锂2-4份、氧化铋4-8份、三氧化二铝7-9份、聚乙二醇酯1.5-2.5份、五水硫酸铜3-7份、高锰酸钾5-11份、氢氧化钠3-6份、澄清剂2-6份；所述防爆层按重量份数计由以下成分组成：聚乙烯醇15-30份、丁醛30-60份、盐酸15-30份、增塑剂8-12份、添加剂6-9份；
上述钢化玻璃基材为两层，所述防爆层夹在所述钢化玻璃基材中间；
上述防爆层为PVB中间膜；
上述添加剂包含抗氧化、紫外线吸收剂，粘接力调节剂。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的钢化玻璃的制造工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)制备玻璃基材
按重量比将所述二氧化硅、所述石灰石、所述硼砂、所述碳酸钙、所述长石、所述铝矾土、所述硅酸钙加入研磨机中研磨20-30min成粉末，将所述粉末、所述氧化钠、所述氧化锂、所述氧化铋、所述三氧化二铝、所述聚乙二醇酯、所述五水硫酸铜、所述高锰酸钾、所述氢氧化钠、所述澄清剂按比例加入窑池内，1300-1600℃熔化成玻璃液，将所述玻璃液流入液体池中，成型后，缓慢降温至520-560℃，保温10-12min,自然冷却；
(2)钢化处理
a.将所述玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洗，b.将a中预处理好的所述玻璃基材水平放于辊道上，通过所述辊道送入对流钢化炉中进行加热处理，c.升温至600-800℃，保持200-360s,d.将升温处理后的所述玻璃基材经所述辊道输送至风栅中，用风压为10-16kPa的冷空气进行冷却22-28s至所述玻璃基材表面为200-220℃，然后用水冷至15-30℃，即可得到所述钢化玻璃基材；
(3)制备PVB中间膜
在反应釜中按配比加入所述聚乙烯醇、所述丁醛和所述盐酸，在40-60r/min下搅拌20-25min，加入所述增塑剂、所述添加剂继续搅拌5-10min,经延压制得PVB中间膜；
(4)制备钢化玻璃成品
将所述钢化玻璃基材切割、磨边、清洁、干燥后，把所述PVB中间膜放在两层清洁后的所述钢化玻璃基材中间，经辊道输入平压机预热200-240s,降温150-180s,再放入高压釜里经30-40MPa高压压制，得成品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的钢化玻璃制造工艺，其特征在于：所述液体池内液体为熔融金属液 体，所述金属为锡。
4.根据权利要求2所述的钢化玻璃制造工艺，其特征在于：所述PVB中间膜厚度为0.375-0.385mm。
5.根据权利要求2所述的钢化玻璃制造工艺，其特征在于：在所述平压机内预热温度为650-750℃。
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