CN105815321B - It is a kind of to be used to prevent composition pesticide containing propiconazole of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof - Google Patents

It is a kind of to be used to prevent composition pesticide containing propiconazole of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof Download PDF

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CN105815321B
CN105815321B CN201610244977.7A CN201610244977A CN105815321B CN 105815321 B CN105815321 B CN 105815321B CN 201610244977 A CN201610244977 A CN 201610244977A CN 105815321 B CN105815321 B CN 105815321B
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wheat
jinggangmeisu
propiconazole
pesticide
barley
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CN105815321A (en
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潘建碧
周明国
段亚冰
王建新
侯毅平
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Nanjing Jixing Biotechnology Development Co Ltd
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Nanjing Jixing Biotechnology Development Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of for preventing the composition pesticide of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.It contains 1~150 parts by weight jinggangmeisu and 1~20 parts by weight propiconazole.The composition pesticide of the present invention is remarkably improved the effect of prevention head blight, improves the ability of mankind's prevention and control wheat crops head blight for preventing gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley with apparent synergistic effect；It significantly reduces the level of pollution of cereal DON toxin, reduces dosage, reduce cost, reduce environmental pollution and pesticide residue, delay drug resistance of the Wheat Pathogenic Fungi to propiconazole, prevent gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley；Extend the lasting period of jinggangmeisu, reduce times for spraying, simultaneous the advantages of controlling powdery mildew of cereals, rust, leaf blight and banded sclerotial blight, reducing the recruitment cost of Pesticide use, considerably reduce the dosage of chemical pesticide, it is environmentally friendly.

Description

It is a kind of to be used to prevent composition pesticide containing propiconazole of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide.More particularly it relates to a kind of agriculture for being used to prevent gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley Drug composition further relates to the purposes of the composition pesticide.
【Background technology】
Wheat and barley are one of staple food crops of most important cereal raise crop and China in the world.Paddy Class crop usually faces the threat of the fungal diseases such as head blight, powdery mildew, banded sclerotial blight, rust and leaf blight.In world's cereal kind These diseases can occur for growing area, seriously affect the yield and quality of cereal agricultural product, the wheat class especially as caused by sickle-like bacteria Head blight can not only cause destructive production loss, and deoxynivalenol bacterium alkene can be also generated in the grain of infection The toxin such as alcohol (Trichothecenes, DON) and zearalenone (Zearalenon), therefore seriously affect fermentation, wine brewing Food qualities are waited, endanger the health of humans and animals.
Deoxynivalenol toxin, including DON, 3A DON and 15A DON toxin, have to humans and animals it is anxious, Chronic toxicity.Wherein DON toxin is stablized because of its chemical property, heated not decompose, and infection gibberellic hypha Wheat And Barley and its Processed food and to be widely present in infecting the sick paddy of gibberellic hypha as the animal product of feed.Known DON toxin causes people and animals The cardinal symptom of poisoning has that Nausea and vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, brothers are numb, malaise, immunity degradation, severe patient It can be seen that breathing, pulse, body temperature, the fluctuation of blood pressure and bleeding, miscarrying, even resulting in death, and mankind's Kaschin-Beck disease can be caused (Kaschin-Beck disease, KBD) and with apparent embryotoxicity and teratogenesis, carcinogenesis.Since DON toxin is to people The serious harm of class health, in October, 1973 the World Food Programme of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are in a few days In watt joint conference about food additives and pollutant held, determine for fusarium toxin to be included in 16 of priority research The 5th in subject, the prevention of many national also straight grip head blight is as important research topic.
Meanwhile the health organization of many international organizations and country has been formulated corresponding laws and regulations and has strictly been limited in food DON content of toxins.FAO provides that the content of DON in grain is necessarily less than 1mg/kg, and WHO provides the DON toxin in grain and feed Content respectively no more than 1mg/kg and 5mg/kg standard.European Union's food security standard requires DON content of toxins in edible wheat It is no more than 0.75mg/kg in grain, 0.5mg/kg is no more than in bread and other food.The national standard that the Ministry of Public Health of China formulates Provide that the content of toxins of the DON in edible wheat flour and corn must not exceed 1mg/kg.
Gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is that one kind can bud-rot, seedling as caused by a variety of sickle-like bacteria or Fusariumsp (Fusarium spp.) The withered and withered sac fungus disease of fringe corruption/fringe.Its cause of disease includes Fusarium graminearum (F.graminearum), Asia sickle-like bacteria (F.asiaticum), fusarium culmorum (F.culmorum), fusarium avenaceum (F.avenaceum), fusarium moniliforme (F.moniliforme), nearly 20 kinds of Fusarium nivale (F.nivale) etc..The wheat scab of China's most area be by Caused by Fusarium graminearum (F.graminearum) and Asia sickle-like bacteria (F.asiaticum) mixed population, wherein the southern area of wheat Based on the sickle-like bacteria of Asia, the northern area of wheat is based on Fusarium graminearum.
Due to so far without it can be found that sickle-like bacteria with immune or highly resistance cereal crops kind or genetic resources, making Become the only effective gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley Control Technology with fungicide.Since a nearly century, people, which have carried out, is largely used to wheat The fungicide R＆D work of class fungal disease, successively develops the protectiveness such as inorganic fungicide, organosulfureous fungicide and aromatic hydrocarbons The benzimidazole germicide developed after fungicide, particularly the 1960s, ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor, The selectivity fungicide such as cytochrome b inhibitor and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors makes the stream of the important disease of many wheat crops Row harm is effectively controlled, such as cereal crops smut, powdery mildew, rust, leaf blight, eye spot.However, due to reaping hook Deoxynivalenol (DON) toxin that bacterium (Fusarium spp.) generates has the function of virulence factor, increases to more The drug resistance effect of kind fungicide, so that most fungicide are not very ideal the control effect of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.Cause This, how to effectively control cereal crops head blight, are the great social demands of current Ensuring Food Safety and food security.
The DON endotoxin contaminations level of cereal of falling ill depends on the infected pathogen bacterium amount of cereal and thalline toxin biology and closes Into ability.The present invention is not very ideal for the major antibacterial agent preventive effect that gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is prevented outside Now Domestic, DON toxin Pollution often exceeds the situation of edible safety standard, studies and there are the two of benzimidazole germicide for discovery sickle-like bacteria for the first time Kind 'beta '-tubulin (β1And β2) receptor and confrontation pharmacological property and drug sensitivity hereditary negative regulation mechanism, discovery wherein form β2240 amino acids phenylalanines of tubulin receptor are 167 amino acids point mutation the main reason for reducing drug sensitivity Carbendazim can be caused to lose control effect, and thalline DON toxin synthesis capability, mycelia rate of propagation and pathogenic energy is greatly enhanced Power reduces the control effect of fungicide；In addition, research it has also been found that sickle-like bacteria ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor (EBI) by Body-cytochrome P450Monooxygenase can also be overexpressed drug sensitivity or the production reduced with point mutation to EBI by encoding gene Raw drug resistance.Therefore, although although some fungicide show very high activity in laboratory, higher dose is then needed in Field information Amount such as needs to use 40~50 grams of (600-750g a.i./hm per acre2) more than active ingredient benzimidazole germicide or 15~20 grams of (225-300g a.i./hm2) more than active ingredient EBI, could obtain 70% or so gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley control Effect.
With for a long time largely using the single selective fungicide of these mechanisms of action, in the disease fungus group of nature There is drug resistance, using effect declines year by year.Inventor had found East China pair by the monitoring for resistance of nearly 30 years The sickle-like bacteria that the benzimidazole germicides such as carbendazim develop immunity to drugs has formed dominant group, common carbendazim, sulphur bacterium The benzimidazole germicides such as spirit lose the prevention value to gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley substantially.Simultaneously also as drug resistance germ generates The ability of DON toxin is 5 times of sensitive strain or more, has increasingly aggravated the harm of Chinese gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and the wind of food security Danger.Peasant often doubles, using fungicide such as carbendazim, it is residual to be further exacerbated by drug resistance, pesticide to reduce production loss It stays, environmental pollution and food-safety problem.
For this purpose, the present inventor on the basis for summarizing the prior art, by lot of experiments and analysis, completes finally The present invention.
【Invention content】
[technical problems to be solved]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of for preventing the composition pesticide of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
It is a further object to provide the purposes of the composition pesticide.
[technical solution]
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention relates to a kind of for preventing the composition pesticide of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
The composition pesticide is according to weight ratio 1~150 by jinggangmeisu and propiconazole：1~20 composition.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition pesticide be by jinggangmeisu and propiconazole according to Weight ratio 5~65：3~18 compositions.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the composition pesticide be by jinggangmeisu and propiconazole by According to weight ratio 10~20：6~16 compositions.
The invention further relates to a kind of for preventing the disinfectant use in agriculture of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.The disinfectant use in agriculture contain with Composition pesticide described in weight meter 0.1~90.0%, surplus are acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in pesticide.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, the disinfectant use in agriculture contain 10~75.0% institute by weight The composition pesticide stated, surplus are acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in pesticide.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the disinfectant use in agriculture contains by weight 26~58.0% The composition pesticide, surplus are acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in pesticide.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the disinfectant use in agriculture is suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, micro emulsion Agent, wettable powder or water dispersion granule.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the carrier be it is one or more selected from water, attapulgite, Kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the auxiliary agent be selected from ethyl alcohol, methanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, NNO-1, NNO-7, xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, pull open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex, sulfuric acid Ammonium, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, benzoic acid, sulfomethylated lignin Sour sodium, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
According to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention, the gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is that wheat scab and barley are red mould Disease, the wheat crops bud-rot as caused by the Fusarium disease fungus (Fusarium spp.) for including carbendazim resistance sickle-like bacteria, Seedling is withered, fringe is rotten or withered fringe.
The present invention is described in more detail below.
The present invention relates to a kind of for preventing the composition pesticide of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
The composition pesticide is according to weight ratio 1~150 by jinggangmeisu and propiconazole：1~20 composition.
The propiconazole being used in the present invention, English common name propiconazole, chemical structural formula are as follows：
Propiconazole is the triazole bactericidal agent belonged in sterol inhibitor, has and treats and protect double action.It is acted on Mechanism is to influence the biosynthesis of sterol, is destroyed the cell membrane function of pathogen, eventually leads to cell death, so as to rise The effect of to sterilization, diseases prevention and curing the disease.The medicament is with wide sterilization spectrum, activity is high, sterilization speed is fast, the lasting period is long, interior suction passes The features such as property led is strong can be absorbed by root, stem, leaf portion, and can be soon in plant to upper conduction, prevention sac fungus, load Fungal disease caused by bacterium and Fungi Imperfecti, particularly to take-all, powdery mildew, rust, root rot, bakanae disease of rice, Banded sclerotial blight, sigatoka have special efficacy, but invalid to oomycetes disease.The medicament has become large-tonnage in the world at present The emerging broad-spectrum germicide Representative Cultivars of triazole type.
The jinggangmeisu (valida) that the present invention uses, English common name Validamycin or jinggangmycin, Its chemical structural formula is as follows：
Jinggangmeisu is a kind of secondary metabolites of actinomyces, contains six kinds of similar aminoglucan glycosides of A, B, C, D, E, F Analog derivative.Domestic and international numerous studies show that component A is the main active component of jinggangmeisu.Therefore, it is related in the present invention Jinggangmeisu be jinggangmycin A.
Rhizoctonia fungi (Rhizoctonia of the jinggangmeisu in vitro performance specificity interference basidiomycetes Spp.) top hyphal development.Therefore, jinggangmeisu is special as farm antibiotics always since the 1970s is found Plant disease caused by preventing rhizoctonia to one property or the pesticide processing with preventing other plant harmful organism are controlled into compounding agent is simultaneous Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia spp.) disease.These rhizoctonia diseases mainly include rice sheath blight disease, wheat sharp eyespot and its His crop banded sclerotial blight or damping-off.In recent years, jinggangmeisu is found to can be also used for preventing a kind of Fungi Imperfecti for being difficult to cultivate again False smut caused by (Ustilaginoidea virens).
Since valida or jinggangmeisu have specialization antibacterial activity in vitro lower performance to rhizoctonia, to causing The sickle-like bacteria of head blight does not have antibacterial activity, and therefore, people study jinggangmeisu always using rhizoctonia as object in decades Selective mechanism finds valida/jinggangmeisu interference rhizoctonia inositol and Trehalose Metabolism, so as to destroy the structure of cell wall It makes, rhizoctonia is prevented to infect plant, there is good protective effect.The antibiotic is limited to always for preventing for decades Crops rhizoctonia disease, especially rice sheath blight disease.
It is well known that acting on single specialization fungicide easily filters out drug-resistant pathogen opportunistic pathogen, after extensive use not Application value will be lost long.The present inventor studies drug resistance wind of the rhizoctonia to selective jinggangmeisu from the 1980s Danger finds that jinggangmeisu is different from the high other any selective antibiotics of resistance risk and chemical bactericide, in laboratory With jinggangmeisu resistance rhizoctonia can not be screened under field condition.Thus infer, jinggangmeisu is except inositol known to interference Other than trehalose biosynthesis, it is likely present other special resistant effect mechanism.
The present inventor has carried out inhibition on the basis of research sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis pathway and regulatory mechanism A large amount of screening compounds of DON toxin biosynthesis.In screening process, in fact it has surprisingly been found that jinggangmeisu is centainly being handled Under dosage, biochemical reaction that can be in strong inhibition fusarium graminearum DON toxin biosynthesis early stage approach.Therefore, A kind of weight for reducing the jinggangmeisu of DON pollutions and propiconazole composition for preventing and controlling gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley technology, becoming the present invention is provided Syllabus.
The present inventor has carried out jinggangmeisu/valida and has inhibited sickle-like bacteria virulence factor DON synthesis for the first time in the world, And its screened with the mixture of other various fungicide in the synergistic formula of field control gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, creatively find well Ridge mycin has notable synergy with propiconazole composition for preventing and controlling wheat crops head blight, reduces DON endotoxin contaminations and significantly subtract The advantageous effect of few propiconazole dosage.
In the composition pesticide of the present invention, if the amount of jinggangmeisu in the range of 1~150 parts by weight, and propiconazole Amount be less than 1 parts by weight when, then can reduce the control effect to head blight；It, then can be right when the amount of propiconazole is more than 20 parts by weight Wheat growth is inhibited.Therefore, the amount of propiconazole is reasonable for 1~20 parts by weight.
Similarly, if the amount of propiconazole is in the range of 1~20 parts by weight, and the amount of jinggangmeisu be less than 1 parts by weight when, The synergistic effect for can then lose and prevention head blight is cooperateed with propiconazole, reducing endotoxin contamination level；The amount of jinggangmeisu is more than 150 It during parts by weight, then can increase cost, reduce the synergistic effect that prevention head blight is cooperateed with propiconazole and reduces endotoxin contamination；Cause This, it is appropriate that the amount of jinggangmeisu, which is 1~150 parts by weight,.
Preferably, the composition pesticide is according to weight ratio 5~65 by jinggangmeisu and propiconazole：3~18 compositions 's.
It is highly preferred that the composition pesticide is according to weight ratio 10~20 by jinggangmeisu and propiconazole：6~16 groups Into.
The jinggangmeisu and propiconazole that the present invention uses all are current market sales of products, such as are given birth to by Zhejiang Qianjiang Object chemistry limited company 3%, 5%A, 20%, 40%A, 60%A validamycin powder agent and aqua；By Israel mark west The propiconazole of nurse chemical company production.
The invention further relates to a kind of for preventing the agricultural bactericidal agent formulation of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.The disinfectant use in agriculture contains There is the composition pesticide by weight described in 0.1~90.0%, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in pesticide.
In the present invention, farm chemical carrier or auxiliary agent in Pesticide formulation or use it should be understood that be used to improve medicament Physicochemical property improves drug effect, is readily transported the auxiliary substance of the performances such as storage, such as wetting agent, emulsifier, dispersant, adhesion Agent, stabilizer or synergist.It is every there is no any bear with these performances and to the disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention according to the present invention The chemical substance that face is rung may be used to the present invention, they are all within protection scope of the present invention.
The carrier that the present invention uses is, for example, one or more selected from water, attapulgite, kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.It removes Except this, the present invention can also use meet the present invention claims other carriers usually used in the art.
The auxiliary agent that the present invention uses is for example selected from ethyl alcohol, methanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, NNO-1 (chemical names：Naphthalene sulfonic acids Formaldehyde condensation products sodium salt), NNO-7 (chemical names：Naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product calcium salt), xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, drawing Open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex, ammonium sulfate, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base Ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, benzoic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.The present invention makes Auxiliary agent is the product sold extensively currently on the market, for example, by Fei Huang Chemical Co., Ltd.s of Xinyi City with trade name NNO-1, The diffusant of NNO-7 sale, the sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate breast sold by the emerging milky way Chemical Co., Ltd. in Hubei with trade name pull open powder Change, diffusion and bleeding agent, by Shanghai loyalty Fine Chemical Co., Ltd sale alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, by the western land in Guangzhou Chemical Co., Ltd. sale alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, by Shandong Province Liangshan Hong Tai epoxidized soybean oils Co., Ltd The polyoxyethylene carboxylate of sale, the carboxymethyl cellulose sold by Jiangxi Province Pingxiang Ma Shan auxiliary reagent factories.In addition to this, this hair It is bright can also use meet the present invention claims other auxiliary agents usually used in the art.
In the present invention, in the disinfectant use in agriculture, when the amount of the composition pesticide is less than 0.1%, then can It reduces protection effect or loses synergistic effect；When the amount of the composition pesticide is more than 90.0%, then synergistic effect can be lost Or reduce protection effect；Therefore, the amount of the composition pesticide is reasonable for 0.1~90.0%.
Preferably, the disinfectant use in agriculture contains the composition pesticide described in 10~75.0%, surplus by weight and is Acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in pesticide.
It is highly preferred that the disinfectant use in agriculture contains the composition pesticide described in 26~58.0% by weight, surplus For carrier acceptable in pesticide and/or auxiliary agent.
In practical applications, can according to method well known to those skilled in the art by the present invention bactericidal composition and load Body and/or auxiliary agent are configured to the dosage form in agriculturally generally use, for example, suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, wettable powder or Water dispersible granules.
When preparing suspending agent, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use be, for example, selected from alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate or The dispersant of lignosulfonates；Selected from alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene groups ether phosphate, The wetting agent of alkyl sulfate, alkylsulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate；Selected from xanthans, aluminium-magnesium silicate, bentonitic thickener；Choosing From benzoic acid or the preservative of sodium benzoate；Organic silicon antifoaming agent；Selected from the antifreeze of glycerine, urea, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol Agent.
When preparing aqueous emulsion, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use are, for example, selected from Nongru-700, agriculture breast 2201, Span-60 Or the emulsifier of emulsifier T-60；Solvent selected from dimethylbenzene, toluene or cyclohexanone；Selected from triphenyl phosphite or epoxy chloropropionate The stabilizer of alkane；Antifreezing agent selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine or urea；Selected from aluminium-magnesium silicate, bentonite or xanthans Thickener；Preservative selected from benzoic acid or sodium benzoate.
When preparing microemulsion, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use are, for example, selected from calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (agriculture breast 500), the emulsifier of Nongru-700, agriculture breast 2201, this disk -60, Tween-80 or TX-10；Selected from methanol, isopropanol, n-butanol or The cosolvent of ethyl alcohol；Solvent selected from dimethylbenzene, toluene, cyclohexanone or N-Methyl pyrrolidone；Selected from triphenyl phosphite or The stabilizer of epoxychloropropane.
When preparing wettable powder, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use are, for example, selected from polycarboxylate, lignin sulfonic acid The dispersant of salt or alkylnaphthalene sulfonate；Wetting agent selected from alkylsulfonate, alkyl sulfate or naphthalene sulfonate；Selected from lightweight Calcium carbonate, talcum powder, diatomite, kaolin or attapulgite filler.
When preparing water dispersible granules, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use are, for example, selected from polycarboxylate, lignin sulfonic acid The dispersant of salt or alkylnaphthalene sulfonate；Wetting selected from alkyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene alcohol, alkylsulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate Agent；Disintegrant selected from citric acid, ammonium sulfate, glucose, urea or sodium bicarbonate；Selected from cornstarch, microcrystalline cellulose class Or Diatomite binder；Filler selected from precipitated calcium carbonate, sepiolite, diatomite, kaolin, attapulgite or talcum powder.
Its result of study will be described in detail respectively below.
I, inhibit the reactive compound screening of sickle-like bacteria growth
The present invention uses the conventional method of fungicide bioassay, and jinggangmeisu and propiconazole are used aqua sterilisa and first respectively Alcohol is configured to 2mg/mL mother liquors, and comparison medicament carbendazim active compound is dissolved in 0.1M/L hydrochloric acid solutions, 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate is dissolved in methanol, is made 2mg/mL mother liquors.When potato dextrose agar (PDA) is cooled to about 45 DEG C of temperature, be separately added into jinggangmeisu and Propiconazole is subsequently poured into the tablet that different agents processing is made in culture dish, often handles the repetition of 3 wares, connect to design concentration (being shown in Table 1) Kind causes the common Fusarium graminearum Fusarium graminearum of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and Asia sickle-like bacteria Fusarium The wild sensitive strains of asiaticum (abbreviation sensitive strain) and carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain (abbreviation drug-fast strain) Mycelia block, cultivated 4 days at 25 DEG C of temperature, crossing method measures colony diameter, calculates different disposal and inhibits pathogen growth 50% effective middle dosage (EC50Value), and compare antibacterial activity.
Result of the test shows that jinggangmeisu either single dose under in vitro is still mixed with propiconazole to causing head blight Substantially without inhibitory activity, only jinggangmeisu is up to 50 (g/ for the growth of both sickle-like bacteria sensitive strains and drug-fast strain During mL concentration, just there is 6.5%~7.8% inhibiting effect to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria growths.But propiconazole is quick to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria (processing of g/mL propiconazoles is to mycelia with similar strong inhibition effect, 0.25 for the growth of the mycelia of sense bacterial strain and drug-fast strain The inhibiting effect of growth can be more than 50%.Jinggangmeisu inhibits propiconazole mycelia to grow no synergy work in vitro With (referring to table 1).
According to Asia sickle-like bacteria and the wild sensitive strain of Fusarium graminearum and carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain third Growth inhibition ratio under the processing of ring azoles various dose calculates effective middle dosage that propiconazole inhibits different drug sensitivity strain growths (EC50), as a result, it has been found that sensitive strain, carbendazim resistance bacterial strain, 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain are similar to the sensibility of propiconazole, EC50For 0.18~0.28, (g/mL, result of the test are listed in Table 2 below.
With medicament EC50For parameter, more different fungicide inhibit the activity of sickle-like bacteria growth, find the activity of propiconazole about It is that carbendazim is active (to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria EC to sensitive strain50It is 2 times of 0.45 (g/mL), with 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate to sensitive bacteria Strain activity is (to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria EC50It is 0.165 (g/mL) suitable.The result illustrates that propiconazole is wild quick with strong inhibition Feel the activity of bacterial strain and carbendazim and the growth of 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistance sickle-like bacteria, the DON endotoxin contamination water of cereal is infected conducive to reduction Gentle prevention drug resistance disease.
Table 1：The influence that jinggangmeisu and propiconazole grow two kinds of sickle-like bacteria sensitive strains in vitro
* F.g and F.a is the abbreviation of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium asiaticum respectively, similarly hereinafter.
Table 2：Propiconazole is to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria sensitivities and the growth inhibitory activity of carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain
II. jinggangmeisu is to the inhibitory activity of fusarium toxin biosynthesis ability
Since Fusarium graminearum is identical to the drug sensitivity of jinggangmeisu and propiconazole with Asia sickle-like bacteria, inventor selects poison (unit bacterium amount synthesizes DON weight, (gDON/g dry weights mycelia) stronger Asia sickle-like bacteria Fusarium to plain synthesis capability Materials of the asiaticum as further research toxin synthesis.The carbendazim resistance Asia sickle-like bacteria of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley will be caused It is inoculated in 3% sweet mung bean soup of sterilizing, shakes training 10 days under 25 DEG C and 12/24 hour scattering light of temperature, mitogenetic spore is collected by centrifugation Son.It is 10 that conidium, which is pressed final,6/ mL is inoculated in potato sucrose (PS) culture solution of the various dose containing jinggangmeisu, Training is shaken under 25 DEG C and 12/24 hour scattering light of temperature, culture was filtered after 7 and 14 days, detects the poison in culture solution respectively Cellulose content and measurement dry mycelial weight, analysis toxin synthesis capability (the toxin amount that unit weight mycelia generates).
Toxin determination method：Culturing filtrate respectively with ethyl acetate equal-volume extraction 2 times, combining extraction liquid, vacuum distillation Dry, with 1mL acetonitriles solution transfer to new centrifuge tube, redistillation is dried, and is preserved at -20 DEG C of temperature to be measured.When detecting plus Enter 100 (L TMS derivatization reagents (TMSI：TMCS=100：1), mixing 10min adds in 1mL ultra-pure waters, concussion layering, then inhales It takes supernatant and is added to GC sample injection bottles, content of toxins inspection is carried out with the gas-chromatography (GC-ECD) equipped with electronics capture monitor It surveys.Using the DON reagents of Sigma as standard specimen, establish standard curve, calculate the DON contents in culture solution, including DON, 3ADON and 15ADON.Mycelia will be filtered out simultaneously to dry to constant weight at 80 DEG C of temperature, weigh dry mycelial weight.In addition, shake training 7 days when, take bacterium The expression of silk detection toxin synthesis key gene Tri5.
It can be found that the mycelium morphology factor of gibberellic hypha increases as incubation time extends from 3 experimental result of table, but Training is shaken in culture medium containing the processing of various dose jinggangmeisu, mycelium morphology factor does not have significant changes with blank control.Explanation Jinggangmeisu surveys the no inhibiting effect of the growth of the gibberellic hypha of Liquid Culture with the linear growth rate on PDA plate It is consistent to determine result.But find the amount (μ g DON/g dry weights mycelia) of unit mycelia weight synthesis DON toxin then with Jing Gang for the first time Mycin treatment dosage increases and substantially reduces.And jinggangmeisu to the inhibiting effect that DON is synthesized with incubation time extend and under Drop, especially low concentration processing fall bigger.Illustrate that jinggangmeisu may degrade with the extension of test period, from And reduce the inhibiting effect to toxin biosynthesis.
According to toxin synthetic gene expression horizontal analysis when handling 7 days, although finding jinggangmeisu in vitro Growth and hypha form to sickle-like bacteria do not have harmful effect, but being capable of the conjunction of strong inhibition DON toxin under very reduction process dosage It is expressed into key gene tri5, reduces thalline toxin biosynthesis ability, reduce DON biosynthesis, result of the test is listed in table 4 In.
Table 3：Jinggangmeisu inhibits sickle-like bacteria DON toxin synthesis capability result of the tests
Table 4：Jinggangmeisu is to sickle-like bacteria DON synthetic gene Tri5 Gene Expression result of the tests
III. propiconazole inhibits jinggangmeisu the synergistic effect of sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis abilities
Propiconazole processing can destroy the cell leakage of gibberellic hypha, inhibit mycelia growth.Propiconazole and jinggangmeisu During compositions-treated, germ can be increased, jinggangmeisu is absorbed and utilized.Jinggangmeisu, which is measured, in research contents II inhibits sickle While knife bacterium DON toxin biosynthesis, also measured were 0.1 (in the presence of g/mL propiconazoles, the well when cultivating 7 days and 14 days It is mould to well ridge to analyze propiconazole to the inhibiting effect of the DON toxin biosynthesis abilities of Fusarium asiaticum for ridge mycin Element inhibits the synergistic effect of DON toxin biosynthesis.DON detection methods are identical with research contents II.
Know from research contents I and II, 0.1 μ g/ml propiconazoles are individually handled to have the mycelia growth of gibberellic hypha and be connect Nearly 50% inhibiting rate.As can be seen from Table 5,0.1 μ g/ml propiconazoles are handled at 7 days and 14 days to fusarium toxin Biosynthesis ability and the toxin synthesis capability of blank control there is no significant inhibiting effect, illustrate that propiconazole only has mycelia life Long inhibitory activity, without the inhibiting effect of toxin synthesis capability.But in the presence of 0.1 μ g/ml propiconazoles, each concentration for the treatment of Jinggangmeisu the inhibiting effect of DON toxin biosynthesis abilities is increased substantially.And as incubation time extends, Jing Gang Mycin is substantially less than the inhibiting effect decrease speed of toxin synthesis capability the control treatment of no propiconazole, especially to low concentration The synergy of jinggangmeisu processing and extension action time are more obvious.Result is listed according to table 3 to calculate, in 0.10 the third rings of μ g/mL During azoles, to inhibiting the synergistic effect of fusarium toxin biosynthesis, the results are shown in Table 5 when jinggangmeisu is handled 7 days and 14 days. Understand explanation by these results：(1) jinggangmeisu has the function of to reduce sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis abilities strongly, third Ring azoles is then without this effect；(2) propiconazole inhibits fusarium toxin biosynthesis to make with apparent synergy jinggangmeisu With, and reduced with jinggangmeisu treatment dosage, synergistic effect enhancing；(3) propiconazole can extend jinggangmeisu to reaping hook bacterium The inhibiting effect time of element synthesis, synergistic effect enhance with processing time lengthening.
Table 5：0.1g/mL propiconazoles inhibit jinggangmeisu fusarium graminearum DON toxin synthesis synergy test knot Fruit
* coefficient of synergism computational methods：In 0.1 μ g/ml propiconazoles, jinggangmeisu synthesizes inhibiting rate divided by Jing Gang to toxin Mycin individually handles corresponding dosage toxin synthesis inhibiting rate, is multiplied by 100.
IV. the effect of disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent processing wheat seed prevention Wheat Seedling head blight of the present invention and other diseases Fruit and synergistic effect
According to the weight ratio 1 of jinggangmeisu and propiconazole:1.5、10:1.5、100:1.5、1:1、10:1、100:1、2:1、 20:1、200:1、5:1、50:1 and 500:1, it is 3% (1 to prepare content respectively:1.5、1:1、2:1st), 5% (10:1.5、10:1、 5:1st), 10% (50:1、100:1、20:1st), 20% (100:1.5、200:1、500:1st) composition suspending agent sample.Sample Product preparation method is that propiconazole and jinggangmeisu active compound mix according to above-mentioned weight ratio, is added in containing 40% water, 8% second by weight Glycol and mixed with propylene glycol solvent (volume ratio 1：1), (Xinyi City flies emperor's chemical industry to be had 1.0%NNO-1 and 1.5%NNO-7 dispersants Limit company produces), in the solution of 0.5% xanthans sticker and 1% polyethylene glycol, finally 100% is supplemented to water, through sand milling Machine is crushed to 90% pharmacy particle Zhi Jing≤5 μm.
By every 100kg seed treatments using the single dose dosage in the disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent, corresponding dosage is designed Jinggangmeisu and propiconazole single dose dosage (being shown in Table 6), prior to seeding respectively by 100 kilograms of seeds with 5 liters of liquid by sample to water The wheat seed of Dressing infection fusarium graminearum after dilution.25 seeds, each processing weight are sowed per diameter 20cm basins alms bowl Multiple 10 basins, are placed in hot-house culture.It checks emergence rate and death rate within 10 days after emergence, calculates and cause bud-rot and seedling withered to gibberellic hypha Control effect.Retain 10 consistent young plants of growing way simultaneously, and inoculation contains rhizoctonia cerealis in matrix The wheat bran medium of (Rhizoctonia cerealis) and to blade inoculation Powdery Mildew and leaf rust spore, 14 after inoculation Its 100 plants of wheat seeding of each processing investigation calculates the strain incidence and control effect of banded sclerotial blight, powdery mildew and rust.Simultaneously according to list Agent is to bud-rot caused by gibberellic hypha and the withered preventive effect of seedling, by the theoretical preventive effect (E=X+ of Abbott (1925) method calculation composition (100-X) Y/100, wherein E are theoretical preventive effect, and X is jinggangmeisu single dose preventive effect, and Y is propiconazole single dose preventive effect) and coefficient of synergism (the practical preventive effect of composition application divided by theoretical preventive effect × 100), the result is shown in tables 6.
Table 6：The effect of disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent processing wheat seed prevention wheat diseases of the present invention and synergistic effect examination Test result
* it is to increase that Abbott, which thinks that the ratio between the practical preventive effect of composition and theoretical preventive effect are more than 1 (or coefficient of synergism is more than 100), Effect is (similarly hereinafter).
Above-mentioned result of the test shows that disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent Dressing of the present invention suffers from the wheat seed of head blight, no Bud-rot and seedling are withered caused by only can effectively preventing gibberellic hypha, and (10~1000g in the range of test dose processing Ai jinggangmeisus and 2~15g ai propiconazoles/100kg seeds) there is fabulous synergy to seedling is withered caused by prevention gibberellic hypha Effect, coefficient of synergism are far longer than 100, and synergistic effect is extremely notable.Although jinggangmeisu single dose has banded sclerotial blight certain anti- Effect, but it is substantially invalid to powdery mildew and rust；Propiconazole single dose then has seedling stage head blight, banded sclerotial blight, powdery mildew and rust Favorable effect, and the apparent synergistic effect of performance mixed with jinggangmeisu.
V. the synergistic effect of disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent prevention wheat scab of the present invention and reduction detoxifying function
According to the weight ratio 1 of jinggangmeisu and propiconazole:50、1:20、1:3、1:2、1:1.5、1:1、2:1、5:1、5: 1.5、50:3、10:1、10:1.5、50:2.5、50:1.5 and 50:1, content 20% (1 by weight is prepared respectively:50、1:20、 1:3、1:2、1:1.5、1:1、2:1、5:1、5:And 40% (10 1.5):1、10:1.5、50:3、50:2.5、50:1.5、50:1) Disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent experiment sample of the present invention.Sample preparation methods are propiconazole and jinggangmeisu active compound according to above-mentioned heavy After amount is than mixing, add in containing 5% ethylene glycol and mixed with propylene glycol solvent (volume ratio 1 by weight：1), 2% glycerine, 1.0% In the solution of NNO-1,1.5%NNO-7 dispersant, 3% lauryl sodium sulfate and a small amount of water, 100% finally is supplemented to water, 90% pharmacy particle Zhi Jing≤5 μm are crushed to through sand mill.
Design is per acre using the various dose of jinggangmeisu and propiconazole composition, while the present invention is agricultural to be killed according to using Single dose dosage in microbial inoculum suspending agent devises corresponding single dose processing.In April, 2013 carries out field on Jiangsu Province Baima lake farm Between prevent head blight experiment sieving, wheat breed be Huaihe River wheat 22, processing is sprayed to water in wheat flowering initial stage each medicament sample, Interval sprays second of medicine in 5 days, per acre 50 kilograms of water spray.Each processing repeats 3 cells, per 50 square metres of plot area.Together When set 50% carbendazol wettable powder per acre by the use of 80 grams of processing as comparison medicament.The fungicide field issued according to the Ministry of Agriculture Correlation method as defined in test of pesticide effectiveness criterion professional standard, in milk stage investigation wheat scab, a situation arises, according to each processing Prevent the actual effect of head blight, the synergistic effect of calculation composition.By the theory of Abbott (1925) method calculation composition Preventive effect (E=X+ (100-X) Y/100, wherein E are theoretical preventive effect, and X is jinggangmeisu single dose preventive effect, and Y is propiconazole single dose preventive effect) And coefficient of synergism (the practical preventive effect of composition application divided by theoretical preventive effect × 100).
Toxin determination method：5 points of 200 wheat heads of sampling, indoor threshing, 30 grams of grab sample after drying are respectively handled in dough stage Wheat crushes.By Goswami and Kistler methods, 5 grams of flour is taken to be placed in centrifuge tube, add in the acetonitrile of 20mL：Water (84: 16) extracting solution is shaken 24 hours on shaking table after scroll machine mixing, and 10min is centrifuged with 5000rpm, take supernatant 2mL in N air-blowings are done in Eppendorf centrifuge tubes, the preservation at -20 DEG C of temperature.100 μ LTMS derivatization reagents (TMSI are added in during detection： TMCS=100：1), mixing 10min adds in 1mL ultra-pure waters, and concussion layering, Aspirate supernatant is added to GC sample injection bottles, with equipped with electricity The gas-chromatography (GC-ECD) of son capture monitor carries out content of toxins detection.
Wheat infection dosage assay method：It takes and is placed in 50mL centrifuge tubes in the flour 2g of Mycotoxin identification, add in 20% CTAB germ DNA extraction buffers, add 50 μ L Proteinase Ks and 30 μ LRNA enzymes, abundant mixing, hatch 3 at 65 DEG C of temperature Hour, 10min is centrifuged with 10000rpm, 20mL supernatants are all gone in 50mL centrifuge tubes, add isometric phenol：Chloroform： Isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) acutely concussion centrifuges 5min with 10000rpm, supernatant 10mL is taken to add in the 3molL of 1/10 cold volume-1 Sodium acetate and 2 times of volume absolute ethyl alcohols precipitate 24 hours at -20 DEG C of temperature, centrifuge 10min with 10000rpm, sediment is used The ethanol elution of 20mL70% 2 times adds in the dissolving of 50 μ LTE buffer solutions, the DNA profiling is preserved for -20 DEG C in temperature after drying. Key gene Tri5 design primers are synthesized according to DON, the DNA in sample is expanded, and calculate every gram of wheat using real-time quantitative PCR Tri5DNA contents (μ gDNA/g wheats) in sample, calculation composition respectively handle the inhibiting effect to thalline toxin synthesis capability. It the results are shown in Table 7.
Table 7：The synergistic effect of disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent prevention wheat scab of the present invention and reduction DON endotoxin contaminations are made Use result of the test
Disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent synergistic effect Field Screening of the present invention and result of the test show disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention It is sprayed at wheat flowering initial stage to pustulation period, is using 1~150g of jinggangmeisu active ingredient and propiconazole active ingredient 2 per acre During~20 grams of mixture, not only there is notable synergistic effect (coefficient of synergism is more than 100), but also Jing Gang to the prevention of head blight Mycin to the DON levels of pollution for reducing cereal with after propiconazole combination application, having notable synergistic effect, it is possible to reduce DON contains Endotoxin contamination level is controlled the level of security below 1mg DON/kg cereal by more than 85% amount.Simultaneously to infection wheat Germ quantitative analysis results also again show that jinggangmeisu, which has, inhibits thalline toxin synthesis capability, and propiconazole is then without this Kind effect.Although carbendazim individually handles the preventive effect for having 67.5% to head blight, sitotoxin level of pollution still has 4.4mg/ Kg cereal only declines 58.5% than blank control.
VI. the synergistic effect of disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent prevention wheat scab of the present invention and reduction detoxifying function
The present invention uses the test specimen preparation method of invention development test IV and V, further devises using the present invention The treatment dosage of disinfectant use in agriculture, while devised at single dose according to the dosage of jinggangmeisu and propiconazole in the disinfectant use in agriculture Reason.Field trial was carried out in 2013 on Jiangsu Xin Yang farms.Processing is sprayed to water at No. 22 wheat flowering initial stages of Huaihe River wheat, is spaced Spray second of medicine within 5 days, per acre 50 kilograms of water spray.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.Set 50% simultaneously Carbendazim suspending agent is handled per acre by the use of 80mL as comparison medicament.According to the related fungicide field control effectiveness test criterion row of the Ministry of Agriculture Correlation method as defined in industry standard, investigating wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates The synergistic effect that disease index, control effect and the calculating of above-mentioned Abbott (1925) method prevent head blight, Mycotoxin identification side Method is identical with the method for the studies above V, (the results are shown in Table 8).
Table 8：Disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent prevention wheat diseases of the present invention and reduction sitotoxin test for contamination result
Above-mentioned Field information the result shows that, disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention prevention wheat scab is mould with well ridge per acre Plain 1~100 gram of active ingredient, propiconazole are per acre with 3~15 grams of active ingredients not only to wheat scab, leaf blight, powdery mildew There is fabulous control effect with rust, be much better than common carbendazim (after testing experimental field in pathogenic bacterium colony to carbendazim table 37.7%) germ of existing drug resistance accounts for, and head blight caused by including drug resistance gibberellic hypha has highly significant increasing Preventive and therapeutic effect is imitated, result is similar with field test results of the same year on Baima lake farm.Wherein with per acre use jinggangmeisu 3~ 50 grams, propiconazole it is not only little with the preventive effect difference of higher doses with 3~15 grams of effect, DON endotoxin contaminations can be controlled Within safe range, and dosage is few, at low cost, and conducive to environmental protection, benefit is more preferable.It is especially noted that institute There is the cereal mass of 1000 kernel that fungicide is handled obviously higher than control, especially jinggangmeisu and propiconazole compositions-treated, thousand Increase by more than 15% again, production-increasing function is more notable.
VII. the synergistic effect of disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder prevention barley scab of the present invention and reduction endotoxin contamination Effect
According to disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention in field control head blight and the simultaneous good result for controlling other diseases, sheet Invention is devised conducive to decrement using pesticide and the deal ratio for reducing cost, is prepared for different content jinggangmeisu and propiconazole Disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder.Preparation method is：After being mixed according to propiconazole with jinggangmeisu active compound weight ratio, add in 30% attapulgite carrier, 1.0%NNO-1 dispersants, 3% pull open powder wetting agent, 2% neopelex by weight Surfactant, last packing precipitated calcium carbonate to 100% through sand mill crush and cross 300 mesh sieve.Content is prepared respectively It is 20% (1:3、1:2、1:1.5、1:And 60% (5 1):1、10:3、10:1) composite wettable powder sample.
By the single dose dosage used per acre in disinfectant use in agriculture, while design the single dose processing and often of jinggangmeisu and propiconazole Medication is compareed with more ketone wettable powders.Processing is sprayed within 2014 to water at barley flowering initial stage, interval sprays second for 5 days Medicine, per acre 50 kilograms of water spray.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to fungicide field control effectiveness test standard Then defined correlation method, investigating barley scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates the state of an illness Index and and control effect.Simultaneously by research contents Abbott (1925) method, the synergy of mixture prevention barley scab is calculated Effect.Dough stage, often handles at 5 points and takes each 150 fringe of the wheat head at random, takes back indoor threshing, by research contents V method detection and based on Calculate wheat content of toxins.Chemicals treatment dosage, preventive effect and synergistic effect and influence to content of toxins are shown in Table 9.
Table 9：Disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder of the present invention prevents barley diseases result of the test
Above-mentioned Field information show propiconazole single dose processing have to barley scab, leaf blight, powdery mildew and rust compared with Good preventive effect, and jinggangmeisu single dose is to head blight other than having relatively low preventive effect, to other diseases substantially without effect.But When with composition containing 3~50g of jinggangmeisu ai and 3~15g of propiconazole ai, to head blight, leaf blight, powdery mildew and The preventive effect of rust increases substantially, and control effect reaches more than 80%~90%, is better than the effect of the more ketone of the common medicament of control, increases Effect effect is notable.Especially with per acre use 3~50 grams of jinggangmeisu active ingredient, propiconazole with 3~15 grams, third can be greatly lowered The dosage of ring azoles chemical bactericide mitigates the environmental pressure of pesticide, reduces the endotoxin contamination of wheat.
VIII. disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder bucket of the present invention mixes prevention wheat diseases and reduces the effect of endotoxin contamination
Using 64% jinggangmycin A soluble powder of Zhejiang Tonglu Huifeng Bio-Chemical Co., Ltd. commercially Agent and 20% propiconazole wettable powder of commission Nanjing south agriculture pesticide development in science and technology Co., Ltd processing.According to experimental design institute The jinggangmeisu and propiconazole needed uses active ingredient dosage, two kinds of medicaments is weighed respectively, first by a kind of medicament to half water Another medicament is added after dilution, is stirred, is added the other half water, spray after mixing.First is sprayed at wheat flowering initial stage Secondary medicine, interval spray second of medicine in 5 days, per acre 50 kilograms of water spray.Test in April, 2014 Jiangsu Province Xin Yang farms into Row, wheat breed Huaihe River wheat 33, each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.If more ketone suspending agents is at comparison medicaments Reason.According to the correlation method of fungicide field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust are investigated in milk stage A situation arises with leaf blight for disease, calculates disease index and and control effect.Synergistic effect and Mycotoxin identification are identical with the studies above, Treatment dosage and preventive effect are shown in Table 10.
Table 10：Jinggangmeisu mixes the effect of prevention wheat diseases with propiconazole wettable powder bucket
The studies above the result shows that, jinggangmeisu single dose and propiconazole single dose are sprayed in application after interim bucket mixes, per acre With jinggangmeisu 3~100 grams of active ingredients, propiconazoles per acre with the effect of each processing prevention head blight of 3~15 grams of active ingredient Fruit is suitable with application effect of the mixture being prepared on Wheat And Barley, and to wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight Also there is apparent synergistic function, control effect is better than more ketone.Particularly wheat scab is made with significant synergy With, and it is similar with other sample results, it shows in the range of test dose, is reduced and synergistic effect increasing with propiconazole dosage. Wherein, prevention head blight is can reach with 3~15 grams of active ingredients of propiconazole using 3~50 grams of jinggangmeisu per acre and simultaneous controls leaf Blight, powdery mildew, rust and the desired result for reducing DON endotoxin contaminations.
In short, the gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley described in the present invention is wheat scab and barley scab, by including carbendazim Wheat crops bud-rot caused by the Fusarium disease fungus (Fusarium spp.) of resistance sickle-like bacteria, seedling is withered, fringe is rotten or withered Fringe.
The studies above the result shows that, per acre using containing 1~150 gram of jinggangmeisu and 1~20 gram of propiconazole active ingredient Composition, seed treatment (coating or seed dressing) prevention gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley has notable synergistic effect before Wheat Sowing, simultaneously also It is simultaneous to control powdery mildew of cereals, rust and banded sclerotial blight；Water is sprayed in wheat heading, flowering to pustulation period, it is not only red mould to Wheat And Barley The prevention of disease has a synergistic effect, but also DON endotoxin contaminations are horizontal, increase mass of 1000 kernel and simultaneous control powdery mildew, rust with reducing The effect of disease and leaf blight.
[advantageous effect]
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Compared with conventional sterilization agent, microbicide compositions of the invention have the following advantages：It 1st, should compared with application single dose Composition is remarkably improved the effect of prevention head blight, improves people for preventing gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley with apparent synergistic effect The ability of class prevention and control wheat crops head blight；2nd, the level of pollution of cereal DON toxin can be significantly reduced；3rd, medication can be reduced It measures, reduce cost, reducing environmental pollution and pesticide residue；4th, fungicide selection pressure is reduced, Wheat Pathogenic Fungi pair can be delayed The drug resistance of propiconazole, and the gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley to develop immunity to drugs to carbendazim can be prevented；5th, have and extend holding for jinggangmeisu The effect phase, reduce times for spraying, it is simultaneous control powdery mildew of cereals, rust, leaf blight and banded sclerotial blight, reduce the recruitment cost of Pesticide use Advantage；6th, the jinggangmeisu non-pollution microbial source pesticide strong for selectivity, it is mixed with propiconazole, considerably reduce chemical agriculture The dosage of medicine, it is environmentally friendly.
【Specific embodiment】
The present invention is will be better understood that by following embodiments.
Embodiment 1：42% disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent prevention wheat diseases experiment of the present invention
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Xin Yang farms
Test material：Wheat, kind：Huaihe River wheat 33.
Test method：
Sample preparation methods：Propiconazole is with jinggangmeisu active compound according to weight ratio 1：20、1：6、5：16、5：2 and 6：1 is mixed It closes, according still further to the research V methods of present specification description, processing obtains the composition suspending agent test sample of 42% different ratio Product.25 milliliters, 50 milliliters, 100 milliliters of composite preparations are used per acre.Wheat flowering initial stage, which is watered, to be sprayed, and interval sprays for 5 days Secondary medicine, per acre 50 kilograms of water spray.It is control, carbendazim to use the corresponding dosage of wettable powder single dose and spray clear water simultaneously As comparison medicament, each processing is repeated 2 times, per 100 square metres of plot area.
According to the correlation method of fungicide field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, white powder are investigated in milk stage Disease, rust and leaf blight calculate disease index and with control effect and to the synergistic effect of head blight and to poison under a situation arises The effect of plain contamination control, the results are shown in table 11.
Table 11：42% disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent prevention wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned Field information the result shows that, had using 0.5~36g jinggangmeisus and 3~20 grams of propiconazoles good small Wheat disease-controlling effect.The coefficient of synergism 120~162 of head blight is prevented, synergistic effect is notable.But per acre using 3~15 grams When jinggangmeisu and 3~16 grams of propiconazoles, endotoxin contamination level is significantly reduced, synergistic effect is extremely apparent, prevents head blight Effect effectively simultaneous can control wheat powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight more than 85%.These results are also shown that using 0.5~ When 36 grams of jinggangmeisus and 3~20 grams of propiconazole/mu, DON content of toxins in cereal, which relatively compares, declines more than 90%, than with well Ridge mycin or propiconazole are individually handled, and attenuating effects are also extremely notable.
Embodiment 2：64% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder prevention wheat diseases experiment of the present invention
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao)
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise No. 4, of wheat
Test method：According to propiconazole and jinggangmeisu active compound weight ratio 1:1 mixing, according to present specification description 64% wettable powder test specimen is prepared in the method for research VII.It is effective using jinggangmeisu and propiconazole respectively per acre The composite wettable powder that 4~20 grams of component content.Water is sprayed raising No. 4 wheat flowering initial stages of wheat, interval sprays for 5 days Secondary medicine, per acre 45 kilograms of water spray.The use of dosage of the 20% single dose wettable powder in being used in mixed way and spray clear water is pair According to if 60 grams/acre of the wettable powder of ketone more than 50% is comparison medicament.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.It presses According to the correlation method of fungicide field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf are investigated in milk stage A situation arises for blight, calculates disease index and and control effect.It the results are shown in Table 12.
Table 12：64% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder prevention wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned Field information the result shows that, per acre using jinggangmeisu and propiconazole 1:1 deal than composition effectively contain Measuring each 4~20 grams has wheat scab, leaf blight, powdery mildew and rust good control effect, but to use well ridge mould Element and each 4~8 grams of active ingredient best results of propiconazole.Compositions-treated can dramatically increase mass of 1000 kernel, and production-increasing function is apparent.
Embodiment 3：20% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder prevention wheat diseases of the present invention and reduction endotoxin contamination experiment
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao), test arrangement is in the phase of example 2 Same field.
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise wheat No. 4.
Test method：According to propiconazole and jinggangmeisu active compound weight ratio 1:After 1 mixing, 10% kaolinite by weight is added in Native carrier, 2% sodium lignin sulfonate auxiliary agent, 2% carboxymethyl cellulose, 1% alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate and 2% are poly- Vinyl alcohol finally adds precipitated calcium carbonate carrier to 100%, 300 mesh sieve is crushed and crossed through sand mill.It is 20% to prepare content Composite wettable powder experiment sample.Per acre respectively using jinggangmeisu and propiconazole active constituent content 20,15,6 grams Composite wettable powder.Water is sprayed raising No. 4 wheat flowering initial stages of wheat, interval sprays second of medicine in 5 days, sprays water per acre 45 kilograms of amount.The use of dosage of the 20% single dose wettable powder in being used in mixed way and spray clear water is control, if ketone can more than 50% 60 grams/acre of wet powder is comparison medicament.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to fungicide field efficacy Correlation method as defined in test rule, investigating wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, meter Calculate disease index and and control effect.Result of the test is shown in Table 13.
Table 13：20% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder prevention wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned result of the test shows that the synergistic effect of disinfectant use in agriculture prevention head blight of the present invention and production-increasing function are notable. This effect is related with dosage, and does not have notable sexual intercourse with the content of process preparation and auxiliary agent.
Embodiment 4：30% disinfectant use in agriculture water dispersible granules prevention wheat diseases of the present invention and reduction endotoxin contamination experiment
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Baima lake farm
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Magnificent No. 4, of wheat
Test method：According to jinggangmeisu and propiconazole weight ratio 5:1 processing obtains 30% disinfectant use in agriculture water of the present invention Dispersible granule.Its processing method is as follows：39.1 parts by weight, 64% jinggangmeisu (25 parts of active ingredient), 5.4 parts by weight 92% the third Ring azoles active compound (5 parts of active ingredient), 30 parts sulfuric acid ammoniums, 17.2 parts by weight precipitated calcium carbonates, 2.5 parts of alkylphenol-polyethenoxies Ether, 2.5 parts of neopelexes and 3.5 parts of polyoxyethylene carboxylates crush, and sieving is granulated.
Per acre with 400,200,100,60 grams of disinfectant use in agriculture water dispersible granules, water is sprayed at wheat flowering initial stage It applies, interval sprays second of medicine in 5 days, per acre 50 kilograms of water spray.It is clear using 100 grams/acre of 20% single dose wettable powder and spray Water is control, and each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to the phase of fungicide field control effectiveness test principle states Induction method, investigating wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates disease index and and prevents Control effect.Result of the test is shown in Table 14.
Table 14：30% disinfectant use in agriculture water dispersible granules prevention wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned Field information effect shows per acre by the composition water dispersible granules of 5 parts of jinggangmeisus and 1 part of propiconazole 18~120 grams of active ingredients spray, and have good control effect to wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight, especially exist When spraying 18~60 grams of composition active ingredient per acre, cost performance is best.
Embodiment 5：32% disinfectant use in agriculture aqueous emulsion prevention wheat diseases experiment of the present invention
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Baima lake farm
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Magnificent No. 4, of wheat
Test method：32% disinfectant use in agriculture method for producing aqueous emulsion of the present invention is as follows：Suspension is made in active compound propiconazole Agent adds in ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer nonionic emulsifier and stirs into homogeneous oil phase；In addition by jinggangmeisu Aqueous solution, ethylene glycol antifreeze and 1% benzoic acid are mixed into water phase.The water phase is gradually added above-mentioned oil under high velocity agitation 32% jinggangmeisu and propiconazole 1 is prepared in Xiang Zhong:3 oil-in-water type aqueous emulsion.
Per acre with 100,50,25,12.5 ml of formulation of composition aqueous emulsion, water is sprayed at wheat flowering initial stage, interval 5 It sprays second of medicine, per acre 50 kilograms of water spray.The use of 100 grams/acre of 20% single dose wettable powder and spray clear water is control, Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to the correlation method of fungicide field control effectiveness test principle states, A situation arises for milk stage investigation wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight, calculates disease index and and control effect.Examination Test that the results are shown in Table 15.
Table 15：32% disinfectant use in agriculture aqueous emulsion prevention wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned Field information the result shows that, per acre using 8~32 grams of disinfectant use in agriculture active ingredient of the present invention it is red to wheat Mildew, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight have preferable control effect, are also had using 4 grams of composition active ingredient per acre significantly anti- Control the effect of these wheat diseases.
Embodiment 6：45% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder prevention wheat diseases of the present invention and reduction endotoxin contamination experiment
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao)
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise wheat No. 4.
Test method：Jinggangmeisu and propiconazole is prepared in method according to the research VII of present specification description Weight ratio is 2:1 45% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder test specimen of the present invention entrusts the institute of agricultural sciences of the area along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province Carry out field trial.Use 50,40,30 and 20 grams of wettable powder formulations respectively per acre.At wheat flowering initial stage to water It sprays, interval sprays second of medicine in 5 days, per acre 50 kilograms of water spray.Using 20% jinggangmeisu and propiconazole single dose wettable Pulvis compares chemicals treatment by the single dose used in mixture and 40 grams of carbendazim active ingredients, and sprays clear water for blank Control, each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to the respective party of fungicide field control effectiveness test principle states Method, investigating wheat scab and powdery mildew in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates disease index and and control effect.
5 points of samplings totally 200 fringe is respectively handled during harvest, Agricultural University Of Nanjing is sent to detect content of toxins sample after threshing.Poison Plain detection method is as described above.Result of the test is shown in Table 16.
Table 16：45% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder prevention wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Can be seen that from the experimental result of above-mentioned Field information Examples 1 to 6 can inhibit red based on discovery jinggangmeisu The effect of mildew bacterium virulence factor DON toxin biosynthesis handles wheat seeds using disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention and is sprayed in field, There is significant synergistic function to the prevention of wheat scab.Meanwhile to wheat crops powdery mildew, rust, leaf blight and Banded sclerotial blight also has ideal control effect.In addition, jinggangmeisu and propiconazole composition of the inventor using some of combinations In Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province, the ground such as the institute of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Xin Yang farms and Baima lake farm have carried out 3 years experiment and demonstrations, are demonstrated by pair Wheat And Barley head blight has a fine preventive effect, and effectively simultaneous controls powdery mildew, leaf blight and rust.The present invention not only solves China's mesh The fusarium graminearum that front is faced is difficult to the great difficult problem of prevention and control due to carbendazim resistance, and can overcome DON endotoxin contaminations Food-safety problem caused by wheat.Compared with fungicide conventional in the prior art, disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention can be big The big pollution for reducing sickle-like bacteria DON toxin to cereal, also as with synergistic function, can be greatly reduced chemical pesticide Dosage and drug cost, for reducing environmental pollution, administering drug resistance wheat class fungal disease, ensure food safety with good Application prospect.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of purposes of composition pesticide containing jinggangmeisu and propiconazole in DON toxin biosynthesis are reduced, special Sign is in the composition pesticide that the weight ratio of jinggangmeisu and propiconazole is 1：0.1、10：0.1、100：0.1、1000：0.1 Or 10000：0.1, the DON toxin is caused by gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, and the gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is that wheat scab and barley are red Mildew.
2. purposes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is by including carbendazim resistance sickle Wheat crops bud-rot caused by the Fusarium disease fungus (Fusarium spp.) of knife bacterium, seedling is withered, fringe is rotten or withered fringe.
3. a kind of purposes of disinfectant use in agriculture containing jinggangmeisu and propiconazole in DON toxin biosynthesis are reduced, special Sign is the composition pesticide that the disinfectant use in agriculture contains by weight 0.1~90.0%, and surplus is can connect in pesticide The carrier and/or auxiliary agent received；The composition pesticide contains jinggangmeisu and propiconazole, jinggangmeisu in the composition pesticide Weight ratio with propiconazole is 1：0.1、10：0.1、100：0.1、1000：0.1 or 10000：0.1.
4. purposes according to claim 3, it is characterised in that it contains by weight 10~75.0% pesticide group Object is closed, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in pesticide.
5. purposes according to claim 3, it is characterised in that it contains by weight 26~58.0% pesticide group Object is closed, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in pesticide.
6. according to the purposes described in any one of claim 3-5 claims, it is characterised in that the disinfectant use in agriculture is Suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, wettable powder or water dispersion granule.
7. according to the purposes described in any one of claim 3-5 claims, it is characterised in that the carrier be it is a kind of or It is a variety of to be selected from water, attapulgite, kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.
8. according to the purposes described in any one of claim 3-5 claims, it is characterised in that the auxiliary agent be selected from ethyl alcohol, Methanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, NNO-1, NNO-7, xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, pull open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, ten Dialkyl benzene sulfonic acids sodium, ammonium sulfate, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, aliphatic acid polyoxy second Enester, benzoic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
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WO2006108552A2 (en) * 2005-04-08 2006-10-19 Syngenta Participations Ag Pesticidal mixtures
CN101632363A (en) * 2009-08-19 2010-01-27 南京南农农药科技有限公司 Pesticide combination containing propiconazole and validamycin A
CN103891714A (en) * 2014-03-26 2014-07-02 浙江钱江生物化学股份有限公司 Method for producing wettable powder through compound of validamycin A and propiconazole

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006108552A2 (en) * 2005-04-08 2006-10-19 Syngenta Participations Ag Pesticidal mixtures
CN101632363A (en) * 2009-08-19 2010-01-27 南京南农农药科技有限公司 Pesticide combination containing propiconazole and validamycin A
CN103891714A (en) * 2014-03-26 2014-07-02 浙江钱江生物化学股份有限公司 Method for producing wettable powder through compound of validamycin A and propiconazole

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